CN115286459B - Plant fertilizer containing polysaccharide complex elements and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Plant fertilizer containing polysaccharide complex elements and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115286459B CN115286459B CN202211067142.0A CN202211067142A CN115286459B CN 115286459 B CN115286459 B CN 115286459B CN 202211067142 A CN202211067142 A CN 202211067142A CN 115286459 B CN115286459 B CN 115286459B
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- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000005696 Diammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- VYLVYHXQOHJDJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ce](Cl)Cl VYLVYHXQOHJDJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229940069445 licorice extract Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- PUKLDDOGISCFCP-JSQCKWNTSA-N 21-Deoxycortisone Chemical compound C1CC2=CC(=O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@@](C(=O)C)(O)[C@@]1(C)CC2=O PUKLDDOGISCFCP-JSQCKWNTSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- FCYKAQOGGFGCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fulvic acid Natural products O1C2=CC(O)=C(O)C(C(O)=O)=C2C(=O)C2=C1CC(C)(O)OC2 FCYKAQOGGFGCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229940095100 fulvic acid Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002509 fulvic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 244000017020 Ipomoea batatas Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000002678 Ipomoea batatas Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 claims description 90
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 54
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 52
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 45
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium selenite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Se]([O-])=O BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 44
- 229960001471 sodium selenite Drugs 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000011781 sodium selenite Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 235000015921 sodium selenite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 241000512259 Ascophyllum nodosum Species 0.000 claims description 27
- 241000202807 Glycyrrhiza Species 0.000 claims description 27
- 235000001453 Glycyrrhiza echinata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 27
- 235000006200 Glycyrrhiza glabra Nutrition 0.000 claims description 27
- 235000017382 Glycyrrhiza lepidota Nutrition 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 229940010454 licorice Drugs 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 claims description 18
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000643 oven drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008827 biological function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000019522 cellular metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930002875 chlorophyll Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000019804 chlorophyll Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M chlorophyll a Chemical compound C1([C@@H](C(=O)OC)C(=O)C2=C3C)=C2N2C3=CC(C(CC)=C3C)=[N+]4C3=CC3=C(C=C)C(C)=C5N3[Mg-2]42[N+]2=C1[C@@H](CCC(=O)OC\C=C(/C)CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@H](C)C2=C5 ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001766 physiological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a plant fertilizer of polysaccharide complex element, which comprises the following steps: (1) preparation of kelp-licorice extract; (2) preparation of polysaccharide complex; (3) configuration of plant fertilizer: mixing urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, cerium chloride, fulvic acid and the polysaccharide complex, uniformly stirring after mixing, and standing for 24-48 hours to obtain the plant fertilizer. After the plant fertilizer prepared by the method is sprayed, the soluble sugar content of the sweet potato can be effectively improved, the dry matter rate of the sweet potato is slightly improved, and the quality improvement effect on plants is obvious.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant fertilizers, and particularly relates to a plant fertilizer containing polysaccharide complex elements and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Microelements play an important role in normal vital activities of plants, are substances which are indispensable to physiological activities such as cell metabolism, acid-base balance adjustment and the like, and are essential components or auxiliary components of many enzymes. The polysaccharide is used as a natural high molecular compound, and has great research and application values due to the unique biological function. The polysaccharide molecules mostly contain active groups such as hydroxyl, amino, negative oxygen groups and the like, and are easy to form a compound with various metal ions through chemical and physical adsorption, so that more excellent biological effects are exerted. In recent years, the study of glycobiology has rapidly progressed, and the study of polysaccharide trace element complexes has also entered the rapid development stage.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method of a plant fertilizer of polysaccharide complex element, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of kelp-licorice extract: cleaning kelp and licorice separately, stoving at 70+/-5 deg.c for 3-4 days, and crushing in crusher to obtain kelp powder and licorice powder; uniformly mixing the kelp dry powder and the licorice dry powder according to a certain proportion to obtain a mixture, adding the mixture into deionized water to form a mixed suspension, heating the mixed suspension in a sealed kettle to 120 ℃ and preserving heat for 15-20 min for sterilization treatment, then air-cooling to normal temperature, inoculating bacillus seaside into the mixed suspension, fermenting at 37 ℃ for 12-16 h, detecting the pH value of the mixed suspension every 1h in the fermentation process, adjusting the pH value of the mixed suspension to be within the range of 6.5-7.5 by using dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute sodium hydroxide solution, separating and removing solid phase after fermentation is completed, heating clear liquid in the sealed kettle to 120 ℃ and preserving heat for 15-20 min for sterilization, and air-cooling to normal temperature to obtain the kelp-licorice extract;
(2) Preparation of polysaccharide complexes: adding sodium selenite into the kelp-licorice extract, uniformly mixing, then keeping the temperature in a water bath constant to be within a temperature range of 45+/-5 ℃, keeping the temperature for 4-6 hours, then adding an aqueous solution of ascorbic acid, keeping the temperature for 1-2 hours after the addition is finished, then air-cooling to normal temperature, dialyzing for more than 40 hours, and freeze-drying to obtain a polysaccharide complex;
(3) Preparing plant fertilizer: mixing urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, cerium chloride, fulvic acid and the polysaccharide complex, uniformly stirring after mixing, and standing for 24-48 hours to obtain the plant fertilizer.
Further, the mixing mass ratio of the kelp dry powder to the licorice dry powder is as follows: dry licorice powder=10:3-8; the mixture was added to deionized water at a solid-to-liquid mass ratio of mixture/deionized water=1/20.
Further, the inoculation amount of the bacillus seashore is 10%.
Further, the mass percentage of the solute in the dilute hydrochloric acid is 5%, and the solvent is water; the mass percentage of solute in the dilute sodium hydroxide solution is 5%, and the solvent is water.
Further, sodium selenite is added to the kelp-licorice extract at a mass ratio of sodium selenite/kelp-licorice extract=1:20-30.
Further, in the aqueous solution of ascorbic acid, the concentration of the ascorbic acid is 0.2-0.3 mol/L, and the ratio of the added mass of the aqueous solution of the ascorbic acid to the added mass of the sodium selenite is the aqueous solution of the ascorbic acid: sodium selenite=4-5:1.
Further, the urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, cerium chloride, fulvic acid and polysaccharide complex are as follows in parts by weight: 14-15 parts of urea, 9-10 parts of diammonium phosphate, 16-17 parts of potassium sulfate, 1-2 parts of cerium chloride, 3-5 parts of fulvic acid and 8-12 parts of polysaccharide complex.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: after the plant fertilizer prepared by the method is sprayed, the soluble sugar content of the sweet potato can be effectively improved, the dry matter rate of the sweet potato is slightly improved, and the quality improvement effect on plants is obvious.
Detailed Description
The following is a detailed description of embodiments:
example 1
A preparation method of a plant fertilizer of polysaccharide complex element comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of kelp-licorice extract: cleaning herba Zosterae Marinae and Glycyrrhrizae radix respectively, oven drying at 70+ -5deg.C for 3 days, and pulverizing the dried herba Zosterae Marinae and Glycyrrhrizae radix respectively with pulverizer to obtain dry powder of herba Zosterae Marinae and dry powder of Glycyrrhrizae radix; uniformly mixing the kelp dry powder and the licorice dry powder to obtain a mixture, adding the mixture into deionized water to form a mixed suspension, wherein the mixing mass ratio of the kelp dry powder to the licorice dry powder is as follows: dry licorice powder = 10:3; the solid-liquid mass ratio of the mixture to deionized water is mixture/deionized water=1/20; placing the mixed suspension in a sealed kettle, heating to 120 ℃, preserving heat for 15min for sterilization treatment, then air-cooling to normal temperature, inoculating bacillus seashore into the mixed suspension, and fermenting for 12h at 37 ℃, wherein the inoculation amount of the bacillus seashore is 10%; detecting the pH value of the mixed suspension every 1h in the fermentation process, and adjusting the pH value of the mixed suspension to be in the range of 6.5-7.5 by using dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute sodium hydroxide solution, wherein the mass percentage of solute in the dilute hydrochloric acid is 5%, and the solvent is water; the mass percentage of solute in the dilute sodium hydroxide solution is 5%, and the solvent is water; separating to remove solid phase after fermentation, heating the clear liquid in a sealed kettle to 120deg.C, maintaining the temperature for 15min, sterilizing, and air cooling to normal temperature to obtain the herba Zosterae Marinae-Glycyrrhrizae radix extract;
(2) Preparation of polysaccharide complexes: adding sodium selenite into the kelp-licorice extract, and uniformly mixing, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium selenite to the kelp-licorice extract is that the sodium selenite/kelp-licorice extract=1:20; then the water bath is kept at a constant temperature within the temperature range of 45+/-5 ℃, the temperature is kept for 5 hours, then an aqueous solution of ascorbic acid is added, the concentration of the ascorbic acid in the aqueous solution of the ascorbic acid is 0.2mol/L, and the ratio of the added mass of the aqueous solution of the ascorbic acid to the added mass of the sodium selenite is the aqueous solution of the ascorbic acid: sodium selenite = 4:1; keeping the temperature for 1h after the addition is finished, then air-cooling to normal temperature, dialyzing for 40h, and freeze-drying to obtain a polysaccharide complex;
(3) Preparing plant fertilizer: mixing urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, cerium chloride, fulvic acid and the polysaccharide complex, and uniformly stirring after mixing, wherein the urea, the diammonium phosphate, the potassium sulfate, the cerium chloride, the fulvic acid and the polysaccharide complex are prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 14 parts of urea, 9 parts of diammonium phosphate, 16 parts of potassium sulfate, 1 part of cerium chloride, 3 parts of fulvic acid and 8 parts of polysaccharide complex; standing for 48h to obtain the plant fertilizer.
Example 2
A preparation method of a plant fertilizer of polysaccharide complex element comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of kelp-licorice extract: cleaning herba Zosterae Marinae and Glycyrrhrizae radix respectively, oven drying at 70+ -5deg.C for 3 days, and pulverizing the dried herba Zosterae Marinae and Glycyrrhrizae radix respectively with pulverizer to obtain dry powder of herba Zosterae Marinae and dry powder of Glycyrrhrizae radix; uniformly mixing the kelp dry powder and the licorice dry powder to obtain a mixture, adding the mixture into deionized water to form a mixed suspension, wherein the mixing mass ratio of the kelp dry powder to the licorice dry powder is as follows: dry licorice powder = 10:5; the solid-liquid mass ratio of the mixture to deionized water is mixture/deionized water=1/20; placing the mixed suspension in a sealed kettle, heating to 120 ℃, preserving heat for 15min for sterilization treatment, then air-cooling to normal temperature, inoculating bacillus seashore into the mixed suspension, and fermenting for 12h at 37 ℃, wherein the inoculation amount of the bacillus seashore is 10%; detecting the pH value of the mixed suspension every 1h in the fermentation process, and adjusting the pH value of the mixed suspension to be in the range of 6.5-7.5 by using dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute sodium hydroxide solution, wherein the mass percentage of solute in the dilute hydrochloric acid is 5%, and the solvent is water; the mass percentage of solute in the dilute sodium hydroxide solution is 5%, and the solvent is water; separating to remove solid phase after fermentation, heating the clear liquid in a sealed kettle to 120deg.C, maintaining the temperature for 15min, sterilizing, and air cooling to normal temperature to obtain the herba Zosterae Marinae-Glycyrrhrizae radix extract;
(2) Preparation of polysaccharide complexes: adding sodium selenite into the kelp-licorice extract, and uniformly mixing, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium selenite to the kelp-licorice extract is that the sodium selenite/kelp-licorice extract=1:20; then the water bath is kept at a constant temperature within the temperature range of 45+/-5 ℃, the temperature is kept for 5 hours, then an aqueous solution of ascorbic acid is added, the concentration of the ascorbic acid in the aqueous solution of the ascorbic acid is 0.2mol/L, and the ratio of the added mass of the aqueous solution of the ascorbic acid to the added mass of the sodium selenite is the aqueous solution of the ascorbic acid: sodium selenite = 4:1; keeping the temperature for 1h after the addition is finished, then air-cooling to normal temperature, dialyzing for 40h, and freeze-drying to obtain a polysaccharide complex;
(3) Preparing plant fertilizer: mixing urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, cerium chloride, fulvic acid and the polysaccharide complex, and uniformly stirring after mixing, wherein the urea, the diammonium phosphate, the potassium sulfate, the cerium chloride, the fulvic acid and the polysaccharide complex are prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 14 parts of urea, 9 parts of diammonium phosphate, 16 parts of potassium sulfate, 1 part of cerium chloride, 4 parts of fulvic acid and 10 parts of polysaccharide complex; standing for 48h to obtain the plant fertilizer.
Example 3
A preparation method of a plant fertilizer of polysaccharide complex element comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of kelp-licorice extract: cleaning herba Zosterae Marinae and Glycyrrhrizae radix respectively, oven drying at 70+ -5deg.C for 3 days, and pulverizing the dried herba Zosterae Marinae and Glycyrrhrizae radix respectively with pulverizer to obtain dry powder of herba Zosterae Marinae and dry powder of Glycyrrhrizae radix; uniformly mixing the kelp dry powder and the licorice dry powder to obtain a mixture, adding the mixture into deionized water to form a mixed suspension, wherein the mixing mass ratio of the kelp dry powder to the licorice dry powder is as follows: dry licorice powder = 10:7; the solid-liquid mass ratio of the mixture to deionized water is mixture/deionized water=1/20; placing the mixed suspension in a sealed kettle, heating to 120 ℃, preserving heat for 15min for sterilization treatment, then air-cooling to normal temperature, inoculating bacillus seashore into the mixed suspension, and fermenting for 12h at 37 ℃, wherein the inoculation amount of the bacillus seashore is 10%; detecting the pH value of the mixed suspension every 1h in the fermentation process, and adjusting the pH value of the mixed suspension to be in the range of 6.5-7.5 by using dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute sodium hydroxide solution, wherein the mass percentage of solute in the dilute hydrochloric acid is 5%, and the solvent is water; the mass percentage of solute in the dilute sodium hydroxide solution is 5%, and the solvent is water; separating to remove solid phase after fermentation, heating the clear liquid in a sealed kettle to 120deg.C, maintaining the temperature for 15min, sterilizing, and air cooling to normal temperature to obtain the herba Zosterae Marinae-Glycyrrhrizae radix extract;
(2) Preparation of polysaccharide complexes: adding sodium selenite into the kelp-licorice extract, and uniformly mixing, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium selenite to the kelp-licorice extract is that the sodium selenite/kelp-licorice extract=1:20; then the water bath is kept at a constant temperature within the temperature range of 45+/-5 ℃, the temperature is kept for 5 hours, then an aqueous solution of ascorbic acid is added, the concentration of the ascorbic acid in the aqueous solution of the ascorbic acid is 0.3mol/L, and the ratio of the added mass of the aqueous solution of the ascorbic acid to the added mass of the sodium selenite is the aqueous solution of the ascorbic acid: sodium selenite = 5:1; keeping the temperature for 1h after the addition is finished, then air-cooling to normal temperature, dialyzing for 40h, and freeze-drying to obtain a polysaccharide complex;
(3) Preparing plant fertilizer: mixing urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, cerium chloride, fulvic acid and the polysaccharide complex, and uniformly stirring after mixing, wherein the urea, the diammonium phosphate, the potassium sulfate, the cerium chloride, the fulvic acid and the polysaccharide complex are prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of urea, 10 parts of diammonium phosphate, 17 parts of potassium sulfate, 2 parts of cerium chloride, 4 parts of fulvic acid and 10 parts of polysaccharide complex; standing for 48h to obtain the plant fertilizer.
Example 4
A preparation method of a plant fertilizer of polysaccharide complex element comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of kelp-licorice extract: cleaning herba Zosterae Marinae and Glycyrrhrizae radix respectively, oven drying at 70+ -5deg.C for 3 days, and pulverizing the dried herba Zosterae Marinae and Glycyrrhrizae radix respectively with pulverizer to obtain dry powder of herba Zosterae Marinae and dry powder of Glycyrrhrizae radix; uniformly mixing the kelp dry powder and the licorice dry powder to obtain a mixture, adding the mixture into deionized water to form a mixed suspension, wherein the mixing mass ratio of the kelp dry powder to the licorice dry powder is as follows: dry licorice powder = 10:8; the solid-liquid mass ratio of the mixture to deionized water is mixture/deionized water=1/20; placing the mixed suspension in a sealed kettle, heating to 120 ℃, preserving heat for 15min for sterilization treatment, then air-cooling to normal temperature, inoculating bacillus seashore into the mixed suspension, and fermenting for 12h at 37 ℃, wherein the inoculation amount of the bacillus seashore is 10%; detecting the pH value of the mixed suspension every 1h in the fermentation process, and adjusting the pH value of the mixed suspension to be in the range of 6.5-7.5 by using dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute sodium hydroxide solution, wherein the mass percentage of solute in the dilute hydrochloric acid is 5%, and the solvent is water; the mass percentage of solute in the dilute sodium hydroxide solution is 5%, and the solvent is water; separating to remove solid phase after fermentation, heating the clear liquid in a sealed kettle to 120deg.C, maintaining the temperature for 15min, sterilizing, and air cooling to normal temperature to obtain the herba Zosterae Marinae-Glycyrrhrizae radix extract;
(2) Preparation of polysaccharide complexes: adding sodium selenite into the kelp-licorice extract, and uniformly mixing, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium selenite to the kelp-licorice extract is that the sodium selenite/kelp-licorice extract=1:20; then the water bath is kept at a constant temperature within the temperature range of 45+/-5 ℃, the temperature is kept for 5 hours, then an aqueous solution of ascorbic acid is added, the concentration of the ascorbic acid in the aqueous solution of the ascorbic acid is 0.3mol/L, and the ratio of the added mass of the aqueous solution of the ascorbic acid to the added mass of the sodium selenite is the aqueous solution of the ascorbic acid: sodium selenite = 5:1; keeping the temperature for 1h after the addition is finished, then air-cooling to normal temperature, dialyzing for 40h, and freeze-drying to obtain a polysaccharide complex;
(3) Preparing plant fertilizer: mixing urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, cerium chloride, fulvic acid and the polysaccharide complex, and uniformly stirring after mixing, wherein the urea, the diammonium phosphate, the potassium sulfate, the cerium chloride, the fulvic acid and the polysaccharide complex are prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of urea, 10 parts of diammonium phosphate, 17 parts of potassium sulfate, 2 parts of cerium chloride, 5 parts of fulvic acid and 12 parts of polysaccharide complex; standing for 48h to obtain the plant fertilizer.
Comparative example 1
A method for preparing a plant fertilizer for comparison: mixing urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, cerium chloride and fulvic acid, and uniformly stirring after mixing, wherein the urea, the diammonium phosphate, the potassium sulfate, the cerium chloride and the fulvic acid are prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of urea, 10 parts of diammonium phosphate, 17 parts of potassium sulfate, 2 parts of cerium chloride and 5 parts of fulvic acid; standing for 48 hours to obtain the plant fertilizer of the comparative example.
Comparative example 2
A method for preparing a plant fertilizer for comparison, comprising the steps of:
(1) Preparation of kelp extract: cleaning kelp, drying at 70+ -5deg.C for 3 days, and pulverizing the dried kelp with pulverizer to obtain dry kelp powder; adding the kelp dry powder into deionized water to form a suspension, wherein the solid-liquid mass ratio of the kelp dry powder to the deionized water is 1/20; the suspension is placed in a sealed kettle and heated to 120 ℃ for 15min for sterilization treatment, then air cooling is carried out to normal temperature, bacillus seashore is inoculated into the suspension, fermentation is carried out for 12h at 37 ℃, and the inoculation amount of the bacillus seashore is 10%; detecting the pH value of the suspension every 1h in the fermentation process, and adjusting the pH value of the suspension to be in the range of 6.5-7.5 by using dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute sodium hydroxide solution, wherein the mass percentage of solute in the dilute hydrochloric acid is 5%, and the solvent is water; the mass percentage of solute in the dilute sodium hydroxide solution is 5%, and the solvent is water; separating to remove solid phase after fermentation, placing the clear liquid in a sealed kettle, heating to 120deg.C, maintaining the temperature for 15min, sterilizing, and air cooling to normal temperature to obtain the herba Zosterae Marinae extract;
(2) Preparation of polysaccharide complexes: adding sodium selenite into the kelp extract, and uniformly mixing, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium selenite to the kelp extract is sodium selenite/kelp extract=1:20; then the water bath is kept at a constant temperature within the temperature range of 45+/-5 ℃, the temperature is kept for 5 hours, then an aqueous solution of ascorbic acid is added, the concentration of the ascorbic acid in the aqueous solution of the ascorbic acid is 0.3mol/L, and the ratio of the added mass of the aqueous solution of the ascorbic acid to the added mass of the sodium selenite is the aqueous solution of the ascorbic acid: sodium selenite = 5:1; keeping the temperature for 1h after the addition is finished, then air-cooling to normal temperature, dialyzing for 40h, and freeze-drying to obtain a polysaccharide complex;
(3) Preparing plant fertilizer: mixing urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, cerium chloride, fulvic acid and the polysaccharide complex, and uniformly stirring after mixing, wherein the urea, the diammonium phosphate, the potassium sulfate, the cerium chloride, the fulvic acid and the polysaccharide complex are prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of urea, 10 parts of diammonium phosphate, 17 parts of potassium sulfate, 2 parts of cerium chloride, 5 parts of fulvic acid and 12 parts of polysaccharide complex; standing for 48 hours to obtain the plant fertilizer of the comparative example.
Comparative example 3
A method for preparing a plant fertilizer for comparison, comprising the steps of:
(1) Preparation of licorice extract: cleaning Glycyrrhrizae radix, oven drying at 70+ -5deg.C for 3 days, and pulverizing the oven-dried Glycyrrhrizae radix with pulverizer to obtain Glycyrrhrizae radix dry powder; adding the licorice dry powder into deionized water to form a suspension; the solid-liquid mass ratio of the dry licorice powder to the deionized water is 1/20; the suspension is placed in a sealed kettle and heated to 120 ℃ for 15min for sterilization treatment, then air cooling is carried out to normal temperature, bacillus seashore is inoculated into the suspension, fermentation is carried out for 12h at 37 ℃, and the inoculation amount of the bacillus seashore is 10%; detecting the pH value of the suspension every 1h in the fermentation process, and adjusting the pH value of the suspension to be in the range of 6.5-7.5 by using dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute sodium hydroxide solution, wherein the mass percentage of solute in the dilute hydrochloric acid is 5%, and the solvent is water; the mass percentage of solute in the dilute sodium hydroxide solution is 5%, and the solvent is water; separating to remove solid phase after fermentation, heating the clear liquid in a sealed kettle to 120deg.C, maintaining the temperature for 15min, sterilizing, and air cooling to normal temperature to obtain Glycyrrhrizae radix extract;
(2) Preparation of polysaccharide complexes: adding sodium selenite into the licorice extract, and uniformly mixing, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium selenite to the licorice extract is that of sodium selenite/licorice extract=1:20; then the water bath is kept at a constant temperature within the temperature range of 45+/-5 ℃, the temperature is kept for 5 hours, then an aqueous solution of ascorbic acid is added, the concentration of the ascorbic acid in the aqueous solution of the ascorbic acid is 0.3mol/L, and the ratio of the added mass of the aqueous solution of the ascorbic acid to the added mass of the sodium selenite is the aqueous solution of the ascorbic acid: sodium selenite = 5:1; keeping the temperature for 1h after the addition is finished, then air-cooling to normal temperature, dialyzing for 40h, and freeze-drying to obtain a polysaccharide complex;
(3) Preparing plant fertilizer: mixing urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, cerium chloride, fulvic acid and the polysaccharide complex, and uniformly stirring after mixing, wherein the urea, the diammonium phosphate, the potassium sulfate, the cerium chloride, the fulvic acid and the polysaccharide complex are prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of urea, 10 parts of diammonium phosphate, 17 parts of potassium sulfate, 2 parts of cerium chloride, 5 parts of fulvic acid and 12 parts of polysaccharide complex; standing for 48 hours to obtain the plant fertilizer of the comparative example.
Comparative example 4
A method for preparing a plant fertilizer for comparison, comprising the steps of:
(1) Preparation of kelp-licorice extract: cleaning herba Zosterae Marinae and Glycyrrhrizae radix respectively, oven drying at 70+ -5deg.C for 3 days, and pulverizing the dried herba Zosterae Marinae and Glycyrrhrizae radix respectively with pulverizer to obtain dry powder of herba Zosterae Marinae and dry powder of Glycyrrhrizae radix; uniformly mixing the kelp dry powder and the licorice dry powder to obtain a mixture, adding the mixture into deionized water to form a mixed suspension, wherein the mixing mass ratio of the kelp dry powder to the licorice dry powder is as follows: dry licorice powder = 10:8; the solid-liquid mass ratio of the mixture to deionized water is mixture/deionized water=1/20; placing the mixed suspension in a sealed kettle, heating to 120 ℃, preserving heat for 15min for sterilization treatment, then air-cooling to normal temperature, inoculating bacillus seashore into the mixed suspension, and fermenting for 12h at 37 ℃, wherein the inoculation amount of the bacillus seashore is 10%; detecting the pH value of the mixed suspension every 1h in the fermentation process, and adjusting the pH value of the mixed suspension to be in the range of 6.5-7.5 by using dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute sodium hydroxide solution, wherein the mass percentage of solute in the dilute hydrochloric acid is 5%, and the solvent is water; the mass percentage of solute in the dilute sodium hydroxide solution is 5%, and the solvent is water; separating to remove solid phase after fermentation, heating the clear liquid in a sealed kettle to 120deg.C, maintaining the temperature for 15min, sterilizing, and air cooling to normal temperature to obtain the herba Zosterae Marinae-Glycyrrhrizae radix extract;
(2) Preparation of polysaccharide complexes: adding sodium selenite into the kelp-licorice extract, and uniformly mixing, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium selenite to the kelp-licorice extract is that the sodium selenite/kelp-licorice extract=1:20; then the water bath is kept at a constant temperature within the temperature range of 45+/-5 ℃, the temperature is kept for 5 hours, then an aqueous solution of ascorbic acid is added, the concentration of the ascorbic acid in the aqueous solution of the ascorbic acid is 0.3mol/L, and the ratio of the added mass of the aqueous solution of the ascorbic acid to the added mass of the sodium selenite is the aqueous solution of the ascorbic acid: sodium selenite = 5:1; keeping the temperature for 1h after the addition is finished, then air-cooling to normal temperature, dialyzing for 40h, and freeze-drying to obtain a polysaccharide complex;
(3) Preparing plant fertilizer: mixing urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, cerium chloride and the polysaccharide complex, and uniformly stirring after mixing, wherein the urea, the diammonium phosphate, the potassium sulfate, the cerium chloride and the polysaccharide complex are prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of urea, 10 parts of diammonium phosphate, 17 parts of potassium sulfate, 2 parts of cerium chloride and 12 parts of polysaccharide complex; standing for 48 hours to obtain the plant fertilizer of the comparative example.
Comparative example 5
A method for preparing a plant fertilizer for comparison: mixing urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate and cerium chloride, and uniformly stirring after mixing, wherein the urea, the diammonium phosphate, the potassium sulfate and the cerium chloride are prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of urea, 10 parts of diammonium phosphate, 17 parts of potassium sulfate and 2 parts of cerium chloride; standing for 48 hours to obtain the plant fertilizer of the comparative example.
Example 5
The sweet potato (common potato No. 32) planting area in the same greenhouse is divided into different test fields, and each test field is used for testing the plant fertilizer prepared in each example and comparative example, and the test method is as follows: the plant fertilizer to be tested is diluted by clear water for 100 times to obtain a foliar spray agent, the sweet potato is sprayed once in the first expansion period, and is sprayed twice in the second expansion period, wherein the two times are separated by 5 days, and the spraying amount of each spray agent is 8kg of foliar spray agent per mu. Other field management and fertilization management were routinely performed and each test field was identical. After receiving the goods, sweet potatoes without diseases and damage are randomly selected in a test field, the soluble sugar content and the dry matter rate of the sweet potatoes are tested, and the average value is obtained by repeating 3 times, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
| Test group | Soluble sugar content (mg/100 g) | Dry matter yield (%) |
| Example 1 | 17.25 | 29.11 |
| Example 2 | 17.68 | 29.23 |
| Example 3 | 17.57 | 29.46 |
| Example 4 | 17.61 | 29.52 |
| Comparative example 1 | 14.74 | 28.07 |
| Comparative example 2 | 15.33 | 28.64 |
| Comparative example 3 | 15.60 | 28.76 |
| ComparisonExample 4 | 16.12 | 28.12 |
| Comparative example 5 | 14.65 | 28.01 |
As shown in Table 1, after the plant fertilizer prepared by the method is sprayed, the soluble sugar content of the sweet potato can be effectively improved, the dry matter rate of the sweet potato is slightly improved, and the quality improvement effect on plants is obvious. Therefore, the fertilizer can well promote the growth and development of sweet potatoes and promote the accumulation of soluble sweet potato sugar. This is probably because the plant fertilizer of the present invention is advantageous for increasing chlorophyll content of plant leaves, enhancing photosynthesis of the leaves, and further improving quality of agricultural products.
The foregoing detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be provided to those skilled in the art, and the detailed description and the examples should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for preparing a plant fertilizer of polysaccharide complex element, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Preparation of kelp-licorice extract: cleaning kelp and licorice separately, stoving at 70+/-5 deg.c for 3-4 days, and crushing in crusher to obtain kelp powder and licorice powder; uniformly mixing the kelp dry powder and the licorice dry powder according to a certain proportion to obtain a mixture, wherein the mixing mass ratio of the kelp dry powder to the licorice dry powder is as follows: dry licorice powder=10:3-8; adding the mixture into deionized water to form a mixed suspension, wherein the solid-liquid mass ratio of the mixture to the deionized water is equal to 1/20; heating the mixed suspension in a sealed kettle to 120 ℃ and preserving heat for 15-20 min for sterilization treatment, then air-cooling to normal temperature, inoculating bacillus seashore into the mixed suspension, fermenting for 12-16 h at 37 ℃, detecting the pH value of the mixed suspension once every 1h in the fermentation process, adjusting the pH value of the mixed suspension to be in the range of 6.5-7.5 by using dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute sodium hydroxide solution, separating and removing solid phase after fermentation is finished, heating clear liquid in the sealed kettle to 120 ℃ and preserving heat for 15-20 min for sterilization, and air-cooling to normal temperature to obtain the kelp-licorice extract;
(2) Preparation of polysaccharide complexes: adding sodium selenite into the kelp-licorice extract, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium selenite to the kelp-licorice extract is (1:20-30); uniformly mixing, then keeping the temperature in a water bath within the temperature range of 45+/-5 ℃, preserving the temperature for 4-6 hours, and then adding an aqueous solution of ascorbic acid, wherein the concentration of the ascorbic acid in the aqueous solution of the ascorbic acid is 0.2-0.3 mol/L, and the ratio of the added mass of the aqueous solution of the ascorbic acid to the added mass of the sodium selenite is the aqueous solution of the ascorbic acid: sodium selenite=4-5:1; keeping the temperature for 1-2 h after the addition is finished, then air-cooling to normal temperature, dialyzing for more than 40h, and freeze-drying to obtain a polysaccharide complex;
(3) Preparing plant fertilizer: mixing urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, cerium chloride, fulvic acid and the polysaccharide complex, uniformly stirring after mixing, and standing for 24-48 hours to obtain the plant fertilizer; the urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, cerium chloride, fulvic acid and polysaccharide complex are prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 14-15 parts of urea, 9-10 parts of diammonium phosphate, 16-17 parts of potassium sulfate, 1-2 parts of cerium chloride, 3-5 parts of fulvic acid and 8-12 parts of polysaccharide complex;
the plant fertilizer is used for fertilizing the sweet potatoes.
2. The method for preparing a plant fertilizer of polysaccharide complex element according to claim 1, wherein the inoculation amount of the bacillus seashore is 10%.
3. The method for preparing a plant fertilizer of polysaccharide complex element according to claim 1, wherein the mass percentage of solute in the diluted hydrochloric acid is 5%, and the solvent is water; the mass percentage of solute in the dilute sodium hydroxide solution is 5%, and the solvent is water.
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