CN115286459A - Plant fertilizer containing polysaccharide complex elements and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Plant fertilizer containing polysaccharide complex elements and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000005696 Diammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- VYLVYHXQOHJDJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ce](Cl)Cl VYLVYHXQOHJDJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- PUKLDDOGISCFCP-JSQCKWNTSA-N 21-Deoxycortisone Chemical compound C1CC2=CC(=O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@@](C(=O)C)(O)[C@@]1(C)CC2=O PUKLDDOGISCFCP-JSQCKWNTSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- FCYKAQOGGFGCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fulvic acid Natural products O1C2=CC(O)=C(O)C(C(O)=O)=C2C(=O)C2=C1CC(C)(O)OC2 FCYKAQOGGFGCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229940095100 fulvic acid Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002509 fulvic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 claims description 90
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 54
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 53
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 45
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium selenite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Se]([O-])=O BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 45
- 229960001471 sodium selenite Drugs 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000011781 sodium selenite Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 235000015921 sodium selenite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 241000512259 Ascophyllum nodosum Species 0.000 claims description 34
- 235000006200 Glycyrrhiza glabra Nutrition 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 229940069445 licorice extract Drugs 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 244000303040 Glycyrrhiza glabra Species 0.000 claims description 20
- LPLVUJXQOOQHMX-QWBHMCJMSA-N glycyrrhizinic acid Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1C([C@H]2[C@]([C@@H]3[C@@]([C@@]4(CC[C@@]5(C)CC[C@@](C)(C[C@H]5C4=CC3=O)C(O)=O)C)(C)CC2)(C)CC1)(C)C)C(O)=O)[C@@H]1O[C@H](C(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O LPLVUJXQOOQHMX-QWBHMCJMSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 235000011477 liquorice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 20
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 241000202807 Glycyrrhiza Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000001453 Glycyrrhiza echinata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000017382 Glycyrrhiza lepidota Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 229940010454 licorice Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 244000017020 Ipomoea batatas Species 0.000 abstract description 11
- 235000002678 Ipomoea batatas Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 20
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000643 oven drying Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000555281 Brevibacillus Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008827 biological function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000019522 cellular metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930002875 chlorophyll Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000019804 chlorophyll Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M chlorophyll a Chemical compound C1([C@@H](C(=O)OC)C(=O)C2=C3C)=C2N2C3=CC(C(CC)=C3C)=[N+]4C3=CC3=C(C=C)C(C)=C5N3[Mg-2]42[N+]2=C1[C@@H](CCC(=O)OC\C=C(/C)CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@H](C)C2=C5 ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920005615 natural polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001766 physiological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a plant fertilizer containing polysaccharide complex elements, which comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a kelp-liquorice extract; (2) preparing a polysaccharide complex; (3) preparing a plant fertilizer: mixing urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, cerium chloride, fulvic acid and the polysaccharide complex, stirring uniformly after mixing, and standing for 24-48 hours to obtain the plant fertilizer. After the plant fertilizer prepared by the method is sprayed, the soluble sugar content of the sweet potatoes can be effectively improved, the dry matter rate of the sweet potatoes is slightly improved, and the effect of improving the quality of plants is obvious.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant fertilizers, and particularly relates to a plant fertilizer containing polysaccharide complex elements and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The trace elements play an especially important role in the normal life activities of plants, are indispensable substances for physiological activities such as cell metabolism, acid-base balance regulation and the like, and are also essential components or auxiliary components of a plurality of enzymes. The polysaccharide as a natural polymer compound has great research and application values due to the unique biological function. Polysaccharide molecules mostly contain active groups such as hydroxyl, amino, negative oxygen and the like, and are easy to form a compound with various metal ions through chemical and physical adsorption, so that the polysaccharide molecules can exert more excellent biological effects. In recent years, the research of glycobiology has been rapidly developed, and the research of polysaccharide microelement complex has also entered a rapid development stage.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method of a plant fertilizer containing polysaccharide complex elements, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing the kelp-liquorice extract: respectively cleaning kelp and liquorice, drying the kelp and the liquorice for 3 to 4 days at the temperature of 70 +/-5 ℃, and then respectively crushing the dried kelp and the liquorice by using a crusher to prepare dry kelp powder and dry liquorice powder; uniformly mixing the dry kelp powder and the dry licorice powder according to a certain proportion to obtain a mixture, adding the mixture into deionized water to form a mixed suspension, placing the mixed suspension in a sealed kettle, heating to 120 ℃, preserving heat for 15-20 min for sterilization, then air-cooling to normal temperature, inoculating bacillus seashore into the mixed suspension, fermenting at 37 ℃ for 12-16 h, detecting the pH value of the mixed suspension every 1h in the fermentation process, adjusting the pH value of the mixed suspension to 6.5-7.5 by using dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute sodium hydroxide solution, separating to remove a solid phase after the fermentation is finished, placing a clear solution in the sealed kettle, heating to 120 ℃, preserving heat for 15-20 min for sterilization, and air-cooling to normal temperature to obtain the kelp-licorice extract;
(2) Preparation of polysaccharide complexes: adding sodium selenite into the kelp-licorice extract, uniformly mixing, then carrying out water bath at constant temperature to 45 +/-5 ℃, carrying out heat preservation for 4-6 h, then adding an ascorbic acid aqueous solution, carrying out heat preservation for 1-2 h after the addition is finished, then carrying out air cooling to normal temperature, carrying out dialysis for more than 40h, and freeze-drying to obtain a polysaccharide complex;
(3) Preparing a plant fertilizer: mixing urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, cerium chloride, fulvic acid and the polysaccharide complex, stirring uniformly after mixing, and standing for 24-48 hours to obtain the plant fertilizer.
Further, the mixing mass ratio of the dry kelp powder to the dry licorice powder is that the dry kelp powder: licorice dry powder = 10; the solid-liquid mass ratio mixture of the mixture added to deionized water/deionized water =1/20.
Further, the inoculation amount of the brevibacillus hamiltonii is 10%.
Further, the mass percentage of the solute in the dilute hydrochloric acid is 5%, and the solvent is water; the solute in the dilute sodium hydroxide solution accounts for 5 percent by mass, and the solvent is water.
Further, the mass ratio of sodium selenite added into the kelp-licorice extract is sodium selenite/kelp-licorice extract = 1.
Further, in the ascorbic acid aqueous solution, the concentration of ascorbic acid is 0.2-0.3 mol/L, and the ratio of the adding mass of the ascorbic acid aqueous solution to the adding mass of sodium selenite is ascorbic acid aqueous solution: sodium selenite = 4-5:1.
Further, the urea, the diammonium phosphate, the potassium sulfate, the cerium chloride, the fulvic acid and the polysaccharide complex are calculated according to the parts by weight: 14-15 parts of urea, 9-10 parts of diammonium phosphate, 16-17 parts of potassium sulfate, 1-2 parts of cerium chloride, 3-5 parts of fulvic acid and 8-12 parts of polysaccharide complex.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: after the plant fertilizer prepared by the method is sprayed, the soluble sugar content of the sweet potatoes can be effectively improved, the dry matter rate of the sweet potatoes is slightly improved, and the effect of improving the quality of plants is obvious.
Detailed Description
The following is a detailed description with reference to examples:
example 1
A preparation method of a plant fertilizer containing polysaccharide complex elements comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing the kelp-liquorice extract: respectively cleaning herba Zosterae Marinae and Glycyrrhrizae radix, oven drying at 70 + -5 deg.C for 3 days, and pulverizing the dried herba Zosterae Marinae and Glycyrrhrizae radix with pulverizer to obtain dry powder; uniformly mixing the kelp dry powder and the liquorice dry powder to obtain a mixture, adding the mixture into deionized water to form a mixed suspension, wherein the mixed mass ratio of the kelp dry powder to the liquorice dry powder is that the kelp dry powder: licorice dry powder = 10; the solid-liquid mass ratio of the mixture added to deionized water/deionized water =1/20; heating the mixed suspension in a sealed kettle to 120 ℃, preserving heat for 15min for sterilization treatment, then air-cooling to normal temperature, inoculating the mixed suspension with the seashore bacillus, and fermenting at 37 ℃ for 12h, wherein the inoculation amount of the seashore bacillus is 10%; detecting the pH value of the mixed suspension every 1 hour in the fermentation process, and adjusting the pH value of the mixed suspension to be within the range of 6.5-7.5 by using dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute sodium hydroxide solution, wherein the mass percentage of solute in the dilute hydrochloric acid is 5%, and the solvent is water; the mass percentage of solute in the dilute sodium hydroxide solution is 5 percent, and the solvent is water; separating to remove solid phase after fermentation, heating clear liquid in a sealed kettle to 120 deg.C, maintaining the temperature for 15min for sterilization, and air cooling to normal temperature to obtain herba Zosterae Marinae-Glycyrrhrizae radix extract;
(2) Preparation of polysaccharide complexes: adding sodium selenite into the kelp-licorice extract, and uniformly mixing, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium selenite added into the kelp-licorice extract is sodium selenite/kelp-licorice extract = 1; then keeping the temperature of the water bath constant to be within the temperature range of 45 +/-5 ℃, keeping the temperature for 5 hours, and then adding an aqueous solution of ascorbic acid, wherein the concentration of the ascorbic acid in the aqueous solution of the ascorbic acid is 0.2mol/L, and the ratio of the adding mass of the aqueous solution of the ascorbic acid to the adding mass of the sodium selenite is the aqueous solution of the ascorbic acid: sodium selenite =4:1; keeping the temperature for 1h after the addition is finished, then cooling to the normal temperature in air, dialyzing for 40h, and freeze-drying to obtain a polysaccharide complex;
(3) Preparing a plant fertilizer: mixing urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, cerium chloride, fulvic acid and the polysaccharide complex, and uniformly stirring after mixing, wherein the urea, the diammonium phosphate, the potassium sulfate, the cerium chloride, the fulvic acid and the polysaccharide complex are calculated according to the parts by weight: 14 parts of urea, 9 parts of diammonium phosphate, 16 parts of potassium sulfate, 1 part of cerium chloride, 3 parts of fulvic acid and 8 parts of polysaccharide complex; standing for 48 hours to obtain the plant fertilizer.
Example 2
A preparation method of a plant fertilizer containing polysaccharide complex elements comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing the kelp-liquorice extract: respectively cleaning herba Zosterae Marinae and Glycyrrhrizae radix, oven drying at 70 + -5 deg.C for 3 days, and pulverizing the dried herba Zosterae Marinae and Glycyrrhrizae radix with pulverizer to obtain dry powder; uniformly mixing the kelp dry powder and the liquorice dry powder to obtain a mixture, adding the mixture into deionized water to form a mixed suspension, wherein the mixed mass ratio of the kelp dry powder to the liquorice dry powder is that the kelp dry powder: licorice dry powder = 10; the solid-liquid mass ratio of the mixture added to deionized water/deionized water =1/20; heating the mixed suspension in a sealed kettle to 120 ℃, preserving heat for 15min for sterilization treatment, then air-cooling to normal temperature, inoculating the mixed suspension with the seashore bacillus, and fermenting at 37 ℃ for 12h, wherein the inoculation amount of the seashore bacillus is 10%; detecting the pH value of the mixed suspension every 1 hour in the fermentation process, and adjusting the pH value of the mixed suspension to be within the range of 6.5-7.5 by using dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute sodium hydroxide solution, wherein the mass percentage of solute in the dilute hydrochloric acid is 5%, and the solvent is water; the mass percentage of solute in the dilute sodium hydroxide solution is 5 percent, and the solvent is water; separating to remove solid phase after fermentation, heating clear liquid in a sealed kettle to 120 deg.C, maintaining the temperature for 15min for sterilization, and air cooling to normal temperature to obtain herba Zosterae Marinae-Glycyrrhrizae radix extract;
(2) Preparation of polysaccharide complexes: adding sodium selenite into the kelp-licorice extract, and uniformly mixing, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium selenite added into the kelp-licorice extract is sodium selenite/kelp-licorice extract = 1; then keeping the temperature of the water bath constant to be within the temperature range of 45 +/-5 ℃, keeping the temperature for 5 hours, and then adding an aqueous solution of ascorbic acid, wherein the concentration of the ascorbic acid in the aqueous solution of ascorbic acid is 0.2mol/L, and the ratio of the adding mass of the aqueous solution of ascorbic acid to the adding mass of the sodium selenite is the aqueous solution of ascorbic acid: sodium selenite =4:1; keeping the temperature for 1h after the addition is finished, then cooling to the normal temperature in air, dialyzing for 40h, and freeze-drying to obtain a polysaccharide complex;
(3) Preparing a plant fertilizer: mixing urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, cerium chloride, fulvic acid and the polysaccharide complex, and stirring uniformly after mixing, wherein the urea, the diammonium phosphate, the potassium sulfate, the cerium chloride, the fulvic acid and the polysaccharide complex are calculated according to parts by weight: 14 parts of urea, 9 parts of diammonium phosphate, 16 parts of potassium sulfate, 1 part of cerium chloride, 4 parts of fulvic acid and 10 parts of polysaccharide complex; standing for 48 hours to obtain the plant fertilizer.
Example 3
A preparation method of a plant fertilizer containing polysaccharide complex elements comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing the kelp-liquorice extract: respectively cleaning herba Zosterae Marinae and Glycyrrhrizae radix, oven drying at 70 + -5 deg.C for 3 days, and pulverizing the dried herba Zosterae Marinae and Glycyrrhrizae radix with pulverizer to obtain dry powder; uniformly mixing the kelp dry powder and the liquorice dry powder to obtain a mixture, adding the mixture into deionized water to form a mixed suspension, wherein the mixed mass ratio of the kelp dry powder to the liquorice dry powder is that the kelp dry powder: licorice dry powder = 10; the solid-liquid mass ratio of the mixture added into deionized water/deionized water =1/20; heating the mixed suspension in a sealed kettle to 120 ℃, preserving heat for 15min for sterilization treatment, then air-cooling to normal temperature, inoculating the mixed suspension with the seashore bacillus, and fermenting at 37 ℃ for 12h, wherein the inoculation amount of the seashore bacillus is 10%; detecting the pH value of the mixed suspension every 1 hour in the fermentation process, and adjusting the pH value of the mixed suspension to be within the range of 6.5-7.5 by using dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute sodium hydroxide solution, wherein the mass percentage of solute in the dilute hydrochloric acid is 5%, and the solvent is water; the mass percentage of solute in the dilute sodium hydroxide solution is 5 percent, and the solvent is water; separating to remove solid phase after fermentation, heating clear liquid in a sealed kettle to 120 deg.C, maintaining the temperature for 15min for sterilization, and air cooling to normal temperature to obtain herba Zosterae Marinae-Glycyrrhrizae radix extract;
(2) Preparation of polysaccharide complexes: adding sodium selenite into the kelp-licorice extract, and uniformly mixing, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium selenite added into the kelp-licorice extract is sodium selenite/kelp-licorice extract = 1; then keeping the temperature of the water bath constant to be within the temperature range of 45 +/-5 ℃, keeping the temperature for 5 hours, and then adding an aqueous solution of ascorbic acid, wherein the concentration of the ascorbic acid in the aqueous solution of the ascorbic acid is 0.3mol/L, and the ratio of the adding mass of the aqueous solution of the ascorbic acid to the adding mass of the sodium selenite is the aqueous solution of the ascorbic acid: sodium selenite =5:1; keeping the temperature for 1h after the addition is finished, then cooling to the normal temperature in air, dialyzing for 40h, and freeze-drying to obtain a polysaccharide complex;
(3) Preparing a plant fertilizer: mixing urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, cerium chloride, fulvic acid and the polysaccharide complex, and uniformly stirring after mixing, wherein the urea, the diammonium phosphate, the potassium sulfate, the cerium chloride, the fulvic acid and the polysaccharide complex are calculated according to the parts by weight: 15 parts of urea, 10 parts of diammonium phosphate, 17 parts of potassium sulfate, 2 parts of cerium chloride, 4 parts of fulvic acid and 10 parts of polysaccharide complex; standing for 48 hours to obtain the plant fertilizer.
Example 4
A preparation method of a plant fertilizer containing polysaccharide complex elements comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing the kelp-liquorice extract: respectively cleaning herba Zosterae Marinae and Glycyrrhrizae radix, oven drying at 70 + -5 deg.C for 3 days, and pulverizing the dried herba Zosterae Marinae and Glycyrrhrizae radix with pulverizer to obtain dry powder; uniformly mixing the kelp dry powder and the liquorice dry powder to obtain a mixture, adding the mixture into deionized water to form a mixed suspension, wherein the mixed mass ratio of the kelp dry powder to the liquorice dry powder is that the kelp dry powder: licorice dry powder = 10; the solid-liquid mass ratio of the mixture added to deionized water/deionized water =1/20; heating the mixed suspension in a sealed kettle to 120 ℃, preserving heat for 15min for sterilization treatment, then air-cooling to normal temperature, inoculating the mixed suspension with the seashore bacillus, and fermenting at 37 ℃ for 12h, wherein the inoculation amount of the seashore bacillus is 10%; detecting the pH value of the mixed suspension every 1 hour in the fermentation process, and adjusting the pH value of the mixed suspension to be within the range of 6.5-7.5 by using dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute sodium hydroxide solution, wherein the mass percentage of solute in the dilute hydrochloric acid is 5%, and the solvent is water; the mass percentage of solute in the dilute sodium hydroxide solution is 5 percent, and the solvent is water; separating to remove solid phase after fermentation, heating clear liquid in a sealed kettle to 120 deg.C, maintaining the temperature for 15min, sterilizing, and air cooling to room temperature to obtain herba Zosterae Marinae-Glycyrrhrizae radix extract;
(2) Preparation of polysaccharide complexes: adding sodium selenite into the kelp-licorice extract, and uniformly mixing, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium selenite added into the kelp-licorice extract is sodium selenite/kelp-licorice extract = 1; then keeping the temperature of the water bath constant to be within the temperature range of 45 +/-5 ℃, keeping the temperature for 5 hours, and then adding an aqueous solution of ascorbic acid, wherein the concentration of the ascorbic acid in the aqueous solution of the ascorbic acid is 0.3mol/L, and the ratio of the adding mass of the aqueous solution of the ascorbic acid to the adding mass of the sodium selenite is the aqueous solution of the ascorbic acid: sodium selenite =5:1; after the addition is finished, continuously preserving the heat for 1h, then cooling the mixture to the normal temperature in air, dialyzing the mixture for 40h, and freeze-drying the mixture to obtain a polysaccharide complex;
(3) Preparing a plant fertilizer: mixing urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, cerium chloride, fulvic acid and the polysaccharide complex, and uniformly stirring after mixing, wherein the urea, the diammonium phosphate, the potassium sulfate, the cerium chloride, the fulvic acid and the polysaccharide complex are calculated according to the parts by weight: 15 parts of urea, 10 parts of diammonium phosphate, 17 parts of potassium sulfate, 2 parts of cerium chloride, 5 parts of fulvic acid and 12 parts of polysaccharide complex; standing for 48 hours to obtain the plant fertilizer.
Comparative example 1
A comparative plant fertilizer preparation method: mixing urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, cerium chloride and fulvic acid, and uniformly stirring, wherein the urea, the diammonium phosphate, the potassium sulfate, the cerium chloride and the fulvic acid are calculated according to parts by weight: 15 parts of urea, 10 parts of diammonium phosphate, 17 parts of potassium sulfate, 2 parts of cerium chloride and 5 parts of fulvic acid; standing for 48h to obtain the plant fertilizer of the comparative example.
Comparative example 2
A comparative plant fertilizer preparation method comprising the steps of:
(1) Preparing a kelp extract: cleaning herba Zosterae Marinae, oven drying at 70 + -5 deg.C for 3 days, and pulverizing with pulverizer to obtain dry powder; adding the kelp dry powder into deionized water to form a suspension, wherein the solid-liquid mass ratio of the kelp dry powder to the deionized water is =1/20; heating the suspension in a sealed kettle to 120 ℃, preserving heat for 15min for sterilization treatment, then air-cooling to normal temperature, inoculating the suspension with the seashore bacillus, and fermenting at 37 ℃ for 12h, wherein the inoculation amount of the seashore bacillus is 10%; detecting the pH value of the suspension once every 1h in the fermentation process, and adjusting the pH value of the suspension to be within the range of 6.5-7.5 by using dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute sodium hydroxide solution, wherein the mass percentage of solute in the dilute hydrochloric acid is 5%, and the solvent is water; the mass percentage of solute in the dilute sodium hydroxide solution is 5 percent, and the solvent is water; separating to remove solid phase after fermentation, placing clear liquid in a sealed kettle, heating to 120 deg.C, maintaining the temperature for 15min, sterilizing, and air cooling to room temperature to obtain herba Zosterae Marinae extract;
(2) Preparation of polysaccharide complexes: adding sodium selenite into the kelp extract, and uniformly mixing, wherein the mass ratio of the added sodium selenite to the kelp extract is sodium selenite/kelp extract = 1; then keeping the temperature of the water bath constant to be within the temperature range of 45 +/-5 ℃, keeping the temperature for 5 hours, and then adding an aqueous solution of ascorbic acid, wherein the concentration of the ascorbic acid in the aqueous solution of the ascorbic acid is 0.3mol/L, and the ratio of the adding mass of the aqueous solution of the ascorbic acid to the adding mass of the sodium selenite is the aqueous solution of the ascorbic acid: sodium selenite =5:1; after the addition is finished, continuously preserving the heat for 1h, then cooling the mixture to the normal temperature in air, dialyzing the mixture for 40h, and freeze-drying the mixture to obtain a polysaccharide complex;
(3) Preparing a plant fertilizer: mixing urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, cerium chloride, fulvic acid and the polysaccharide complex, and uniformly stirring after mixing, wherein the urea, the diammonium phosphate, the potassium sulfate, the cerium chloride, the fulvic acid and the polysaccharide complex are calculated according to the parts by weight: 15 parts of urea, 10 parts of diammonium phosphate, 17 parts of potassium sulfate, 2 parts of cerium chloride, 5 parts of fulvic acid and 12 parts of polysaccharide complex; standing for 48h to obtain the plant fertilizer of the comparative example.
Comparative example 3
A comparative plant fertilizer preparation method comprising the steps of:
(1) Preparation of a licorice extract: cleaning Glycyrrhrizae radix, oven drying at 70 + -5 deg.C for 3 days, and pulverizing with pulverizer to obtain Glycyrrhrizae radix dry powder; adding the licorice dry powder into deionized water to form a suspension; the solid-liquid mass ratio of the liquorice dry powder added into the deionized water is =1/20; heating the suspension in a sealed kettle to 120 ℃, preserving heat for 15min for sterilization treatment, then air-cooling to normal temperature, inoculating the suspension with the seashore bacillus, and fermenting at 37 ℃ for 12h, wherein the inoculation amount of the seashore bacillus is 10%; detecting the pH value of the suspension once every 1h in the fermentation process, and adjusting the pH value of the suspension to be within the range of 6.5-7.5 by using dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute sodium hydroxide solution, wherein the mass percentage of solute in the dilute hydrochloric acid is 5%, and the solvent is water; the mass percentage of solute in the dilute sodium hydroxide solution is 5 percent, and the solvent is water; separating to remove solid phase after fermentation, heating clear liquid in a sealed kettle to 120 deg.C, maintaining the temperature for 15min, sterilizing, and air cooling to room temperature to obtain Glycyrrhrizae radix extract;
(2) Preparation of polysaccharide complexes: adding sodium selenite into the licorice extract, and uniformly mixing, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium selenite added into the licorice extract is sodium selenite/licorice extract = 1; then keeping the temperature of the water bath constant to be within the temperature range of 45 +/-5 ℃, keeping the temperature for 5 hours, and then adding an aqueous solution of ascorbic acid, wherein the concentration of the ascorbic acid in the aqueous solution of the ascorbic acid is 0.3mol/L, and the ratio of the adding mass of the aqueous solution of the ascorbic acid to the adding mass of the sodium selenite is the aqueous solution of the ascorbic acid: sodium selenite =5:1; keeping the temperature for 1h after the addition is finished, then cooling to the normal temperature in air, dialyzing for 40h, and freeze-drying to obtain a polysaccharide complex;
(3) Preparing a plant fertilizer: mixing urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, cerium chloride, fulvic acid and the polysaccharide complex, and uniformly stirring after mixing, wherein the urea, the diammonium phosphate, the potassium sulfate, the cerium chloride, the fulvic acid and the polysaccharide complex are calculated according to the parts by weight: 15 parts of urea, 10 parts of diammonium phosphate, 17 parts of potassium sulfate, 2 parts of cerium chloride, 5 parts of fulvic acid and 12 parts of polysaccharide complex; standing for 48 hours to obtain the plant fertilizer of the comparative example.
Comparative example 4
A comparative plant fertilizer preparation method comprising the steps of:
(1) Preparing the kelp-liquorice extract: respectively cleaning herba Zosterae Marinae and Glycyrrhrizae radix, oven drying at 70 + -5 deg.C for 3 days, and pulverizing the dried herba Zosterae Marinae and Glycyrrhrizae radix with a pulverizer to obtain dry powder; uniformly mixing the kelp dry powder and the liquorice dry powder to obtain a mixture, adding the mixture into deionized water to form a mixed suspension, wherein the mixed mass ratio of the kelp dry powder to the liquorice dry powder is that the kelp dry powder: licorice dry powder = 10; the solid-liquid mass ratio of the mixture added to deionized water/deionized water =1/20; heating the mixed suspension in a sealed kettle to 120 ℃, preserving heat for 15min for sterilization treatment, then air-cooling to normal temperature, inoculating the mixed suspension with the seashore bacillus, and fermenting at 37 ℃ for 12h, wherein the inoculation amount of the seashore bacillus is 10%; detecting the pH value of the mixed suspension every 1 hour in the fermentation process, and adjusting the pH value of the mixed suspension to be within the range of 6.5-7.5 by using dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute sodium hydroxide solution, wherein the mass percentage of solute in the dilute hydrochloric acid is 5%, and the solvent is water; the mass percentage of solute in the dilute sodium hydroxide solution is 5 percent, and the solvent is water; separating to remove solid phase after fermentation, heating clear liquid in a sealed kettle to 120 deg.C, maintaining the temperature for 15min for sterilization, and air cooling to normal temperature to obtain herba Zosterae Marinae-Glycyrrhrizae radix extract;
(2) Preparation of polysaccharide complexes: adding sodium selenite into the kelp-licorice extract, and uniformly mixing, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium selenite added into the kelp-licorice extract is sodium selenite/kelp-licorice extract = 1; then keeping the temperature of the water bath constant to be within the temperature range of 45 +/-5 ℃, keeping the temperature for 5 hours, and then adding an aqueous solution of ascorbic acid, wherein the concentration of the ascorbic acid in the aqueous solution of the ascorbic acid is 0.3mol/L, and the ratio of the adding mass of the aqueous solution of the ascorbic acid to the adding mass of the sodium selenite is the aqueous solution of the ascorbic acid: sodium selenite =5:1; keeping the temperature for 1h after the addition is finished, then cooling to the normal temperature in air, dialyzing for 40h, and freeze-drying to obtain a polysaccharide complex;
(3) Preparing a plant fertilizer: mixing urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, cerium chloride and the polysaccharide complex, and stirring uniformly after mixing, wherein the urea, the diammonium phosphate, the potassium sulfate, the cerium chloride and the polysaccharide complex are calculated according to parts by weight: 15 parts of urea, 10 parts of diammonium phosphate, 17 parts of potassium sulfate, 2 parts of cerium chloride and 12 parts of polysaccharide complex; standing for 48h to obtain the plant fertilizer of the comparative example.
Comparative example 5
A comparative plant fertilizer preparation method: mixing urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate and cerium chloride, and uniformly stirring the mixture after mixing, wherein the urea, the diammonium phosphate, the potassium sulfate and the cerium chloride are calculated according to the parts by weight: 15 parts of urea, 10 parts of diammonium phosphate, 17 parts of potassium sulfate and 2 parts of cerium chloride; standing for 48h to obtain the plant fertilizer of the comparative example.
Example 5
The sweet potato (Pushu No. 32) planting area in the same greenhouse is divided into different test fields, and the test method is as follows: diluting the fertilizer of the plant to be tested by 100 times with clear water to obtain the foliar spray, wherein the foliar spray is sprayed once in the first expansion period and twice in the second expansion period, the two times are separated by 5 days, and the spraying amount of each time is 8kg of foliar spray per mu. Other field management and fertilization management are carried out according to the conventional method, and all the test fields are completely the same. After receiving the goods, sweet potatoes without diseases and damages were randomly selected in the test field, the soluble sugar content and the dry matter rate of the sweet potatoes were tested, and the results are shown in table 1 by averaging 3 times.
TABLE 1
| Test group | Soluble sugar content (mg/100 g) | Dry matter rate (%) |
| Example 1 | 17.25 | 29.11 |
| Example 2 | 17.68 | 29.23 |
| Example 3 | 17.57 | 29.46 |
| Example 4 | 17.61 | 29.52 |
| Comparative example 1 | 14.74 | 28.07 |
| Comparative example 2 | 15.33 | 28.64 |
| Comparative example 3 | 15.60 | 28.76 |
| Comparative example 4 | 16.12 | 28.12 |
| Comparative example 5 | 14.65 | 28.01 |
As can be seen from Table 1, after the plant fertilizer prepared by the method of the invention is sprayed, the soluble sugar content of the sweet potatoes can be effectively improved, the dry matter rate of the sweet potatoes is slightly improved, and the effect of improving the quality of plants is obvious. Therefore, the fertilizer disclosed by the application can well promote the growth and development of the sweet potatoes and the hoarding of the soluble sugar of the sweet potatoes. This is probably because the plant fertilizer of the present invention is beneficial to increase the chlorophyll content of plant leaves, enhance the photosynthesis of the leaves and further improve the quality of agricultural products.
The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail above, and for those skilled in the art, the ideas according to the embodiments of the present invention may be changed in the specific implementation manners and the application ranges, and in summary, the content of the present description should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A preparation method of a plant fertilizer containing polysaccharide complex elements is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Preparing the kelp-liquorice extract: respectively cleaning kelp and liquorice, drying the kelp and the liquorice for 3 to 4 days at the temperature of 70 +/-5 ℃, and then respectively crushing the dried kelp and the liquorice by using a crusher to prepare dry kelp powder and dry liquorice powder; uniformly mixing the dry kelp powder and the dry licorice powder according to a certain proportion to obtain a mixture, adding the mixture into deionized water to form a mixed suspension, placing the mixed suspension in a sealed kettle, heating to 120 ℃, preserving heat for 15-20 min for sterilization, then air-cooling to normal temperature, inoculating bacillus seashore into the mixed suspension, fermenting at 37 ℃ for 12-16 h, detecting the pH value of the mixed suspension every 1h in the fermentation process, adjusting the pH value of the mixed suspension to 6.5-7.5 by using dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute sodium hydroxide solution, separating to remove a solid phase after the fermentation is finished, placing a clear solution in the sealed kettle, heating to 120 ℃, preserving heat for 15-20 min for sterilization, and air-cooling to normal temperature to obtain the kelp-licorice extract;
(2) Preparation of polysaccharide complexes: adding sodium selenite into the kelp-liquorice extract, uniformly mixing, then carrying out water bath at constant temperature to 45 +/-5 ℃, carrying out heat preservation for 4-6 h, then adding an aqueous solution of ascorbic acid, carrying out heat preservation for 1-2 h after the addition is finished, then carrying out air cooling to normal temperature, dialyzing for more than 40h, and freeze-drying to obtain a polysaccharide complex;
(3) Preparing a plant fertilizer: mixing urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, cerium chloride, fulvic acid and the polysaccharide complex, uniformly stirring after mixing, and standing for 24-48 hours to obtain the plant fertilizer.
2. The method for preparing a vegetable fertilizer containing polysaccharide complex elements as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mixing mass ratio of the dry kelp powder to the dry licorice powder is as follows: the liquorice dry powder = 10; the solid-liquid mass ratio mixture of the mixture added to deionized water/deionized water =1/20.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the Bacillus seashore is 10%.
4. The method for preparing the plant fertilizer containing the polysaccharide complex element as claimed in claim 1, wherein the diluted hydrochloric acid contains 5% solute by mass and the solvent is water; the solute in the dilute sodium hydroxide solution accounts for 5 percent by mass, and the solvent is water.
5. The method for preparing a vegetable fertilizer containing polysaccharide complex elements as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of sodium selenite added to the kelp-licorice extract is sodium selenite/kelp-licorice extract = 1.
6. The method for preparing a plant fertilizer containing polysaccharide complex elements as claimed in claim 1, wherein the concentration of ascorbic acid in the aqueous solution of ascorbic acid is 0.2 to 0.3mol/L, and the ratio of the added mass of ascorbic acid to the added mass of sodium selenite is ascorbic acid aqueous solution: sodium selenite = 4-5:1.
7. The method for preparing a plant fertilizer containing polysaccharide complex elements as claimed in claim 1, wherein the urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, cerium chloride, fulvic acid and polysaccharide complex are in parts by weight: 14-15 parts of urea, 9-10 parts of diammonium phosphate, 16-17 parts of potassium sulfate, 1-2 parts of cerium chloride, 3-5 parts of fulvic acid and 8-12 parts of polysaccharide complex.
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