CN115240415A - Method for quickly checking visibility of rail transit vehicle driver by inputting data - Google Patents
Method for quickly checking visibility of rail transit vehicle driver by inputting data Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
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- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for quickly checking the visibility of a driver of a rail transit vehicle by inputting data, which comprises the following steps: s1, acquiring line rail surface data, a cab and layout data of the cab; s2, calculating the limit position of the view height distance signal of the sitting posture in the uphill state; s3, calculating the limit position of the sitting posture looking down at the low distance signal in the downhill state; s4, calculating the limit position of the horizontal sight line of the sitting posture; and S5, integrating the data and the result, and calculating the limit positions of the upper-view high-distance signal and the lower-view low-distance signal under the standing condition. By comprehensively considering all unfavorable conditions and combining the lookout condition requirements of a locomotive cab, checking the visibility of a front high-distance signal and a front low-distance signal lamp of a driver under the conditions of standing posture and sitting posture, and comparing the checking results, namely sitting posture eye height and standing posture eye height, with the sitting posture eye height and standing posture eye height data of women and men; the driver visual field can be verified at the initial stage of the structural design of the cab.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of design of visibility of a driver of a rail vehicle, in particular to a method for rapidly verifying the visibility of the driver of the rail vehicle by inputting data.
Background
According to the UIC 651 standard requirement, the structural design of the cab meets the limit lookout condition of the driver:
(1) looking out high-range signals:
the driver should see a high distance signal that is 10m or more forward from the coupler coupling plane. (the high-distance signal is positioned at 2.5m positions on two sides of the center of the track respectively, and the height is 6.3m from the track surface.)
(2) Looking out low range signals:
the driver should see a low distance signal that is 15m or more forward from the coupler coupling plane. (Low-pitch signals are located at 1.75m positions on two sides of the center of the track and in the plane of the track surface.)
The existing methods for verifying the visibility of the cab are two in number;
a connecting line for drawing driver eyes, high-distance signals and low-distance signals in drawing software is used for observing whether an intersection point of the connecting line and a window is in a window visual area range, if the intersection point is in the window visual area range, the structural design of a driver cab meets the requirement of observing the driver, and if the intersection point is not in the window visual area range, the structural design of the driver cab needs to be adjusted, and then the view of the driver needs to be checked again, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3.
The other method is that the position of a signal lamp is drawn in drawing software, a command of the sight line range of the eyes of the doll is clicked in an ergonomic analysis plate, and the result of a driver looking out high-distance and low-distance signal lamps is obtained; because the driver is influenced by the front-end driver console under the standing condition, the position of the driver under the standing condition can not be adjusted forwards, only the observing position of the doll under the sitting condition can be adjusted, and if the obtained vision field test result is unqualified or unsatisfactory, the driver vision field needs to be checked again after the structural design of the driver cab is adjusted, as shown in fig. 4-7.
The two methods do not fully consider unfavorable conditions of the train line, such as the maximum gradient and the minimum bending radius of the line; in addition, the low-distance signal lamp is observed under the conditions of standing posture and sitting posture, so that whether the low-distance signal can be observed by the eyes through the lowest point of the vehicle window or not is calculated, and whether the low-distance signal can be observed by the eyes through the highest point of the driver platform or not is calculated; in addition, the two methods do not take the seat factors into consideration, in the sitting posture situation, the seat is adjusted to the end, the result that the driver watches the high-distance and low-distance signal lamps is verified, when the driver cannot observe the signal, the front-back position and the height of the seat are adjusted, the adjustment amount is large, the driver can observe the signal, whether the adjusted distance exceeds the adjustable range of the seat or not is judged, if the seat is adjusted to the limit position, the signal cannot be observed, how the glass visible area is adjusted is not explained, and the like.
An effective solution to the problems in the related art has not been proposed yet.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems in the related art, the present invention provides a method for quickly verifying the visibility of a driver of a rail transit vehicle by inputting data, so as to overcome the above technical problems in the related art.
Therefore, the invention adopts the following specific technical scheme:
a method for quickly verifying the visibility of a driver of a rail transit vehicle by inputting data, the method comprising the steps of:
s1, acquiring line rail surface data, a cab and layout data of the cab;
s2, calculating the limit position of the view height distance signal of the sitting posture in the uphill state;
s3, calculating the limit position of the sitting posture downward viewing low distance signal in the downhill state;
s4, calculating the limit position of the horizontal sight line of the sitting posture;
and S5, integrating the data and the result, and calculating the limit positions of the upper-view high-distance signal and the lower-view low-distance signal under the standing condition.
Further, the line trajectory data includes a line slope and a line bend radius.
Furthermore, the cab comprises a floor, a front window, a car coupler, a console and a driver seat.
Further, the layout information comprises a distance from a floor surface to a rail surface, data of a distance of an edge of a visible area of the windshield, height data of the driver console and parameter data of the driver seat.
Further, the data of the distance between the edges of the visible area of the windshield comprises the distance between the lower edge of the visible area of the windshield and the floor surface, the distance between the lower edge of the visible area of the windshield and the coupler connecting surface, the distance between the upper edge of the visible area of the windshield and the floor surface, the distance between the upper edge of the visible area of the windshield and the coupler connecting surface, the distance between the edges of the visible areas on two sides of the windshield and the center plane of the driver seat, and the distance between the edges of the visible areas on two sides of the windshield and the coupler connecting surface;
the height data of the driver control console comprises the distance from the highest position of the driver control console to the floor surface and the distance from the highest position of the driver control console to the coupling surface of the car coupler;
the driver seat parameter data comprise the distance from a driver seat reference point to the floor surface, the lowest height of the driver seat reference point in the vertical direction, the vertical adjustable height of the driver seat, the front and back adjustable distance of the driver seat, the distance from the driver seat reference point to the horizontal direction of a coupler connecting surface and the distance from the driver seat reference point to the horizontal direction of human eyes.
Further, the method for calculating the extreme position of the apparent distance signal in the sitting posture in the uphill state comprises the following steps:
s21, the driver seat is located at the highest position behind the car, and the distance from the reference point of the driver seat to the floor surface and the distance from the driver seat to the horizontal direction of the car coupler connecting surface at the moment are obtained;
s22, the maximum gradient of a line, the distance from a floor surface to a rail surface, the distance from the upper edge of a visible area of a windshield to the floor surface, the distance from the upper edge of the visible area of the windshield to a coupler connecting surface and the distance from a reference point of a driver seat to the horizontal direction of human eyes are called;
s23, acquiring the distance from the high-range signal to a coupler connecting surface and the distance from the high-range signal to a rail surface;
s24, building a plane model by integrating the data and marking position points;
and S25, calculating by utilizing a trigonometric function to obtain the vertical distance from the human eyes to a reference point of the driver seat, and taking the vertical distance as the limit position of the visual height distance signal in the sitting posture.
Further, the calculating of the extreme position of the low-distance vision signal in the sitting posture in the downhill state comprises the following steps:
s31, the driver seat is located at the lowest position behind the car, and the distance from the reference point of the driver seat to the floor surface and the distance from the driver seat to the horizontal direction of the coupler connection surface are obtained;
s32, the maximum gradient of a line, the distance from a floor surface to a rail surface, the distance from the lower edge of a visible area of the windshield to the floor surface, the distance from the lower edge of the visible area of the windshield to a coupler connecting surface and the distance from a reference point of a driver seat to the horizontal direction of human eyes are called;
s33, obtaining the distance from the low-distance signal to the coupler connecting surface and the distance from the low-distance signal to the rail surface;
s34, building a plane model by integrating the data and marking position points;
s35, calculating by utilizing a trigonometric function to obtain a vertical distance from human eyes to a reference point of a driver seat as a first reference value;
s36, then the distance from the highest position of the driver console to the floor surface and the distance from the highest position of the driver console to the coupling surface of the coupler are obtained;
s37, adding a new position point in the plane model, and recalculating by utilizing a trigonometric function to obtain the vertical distance from the human eyes to a reference point of the driver seat as a second reference value;
and S38, comparing the first reference value with the second reference value, and selecting the maximum value as the limit position of the vision low-distance signal of the sitting posture in the downhill state.
Further, the method for calculating the sitting posture horizontal sight line limit position comprises the following steps:
s41, the driver seat is located at the last position, and the distance from the reference point of the driver seat to the floor surface and the distance from the driver seat to the horizontal direction of the coupler connecting surface at the moment are obtained
S42, the distance from the edge of the visible area on the two sides of the front window to the center plane of the driver seat, the distance from the edge of the visible area on the two sides of the front window to the coupler connecting surface, the distance from the reference point of the driver seat to the horizontal direction of the eyes, the distance between the reference point of the driver seat and the center plane of the driver seat, the distance between the edge of the visible area on the two sides of the front window and the coupler connecting surface, the distance between the reference point of the driver seat and the horizontal direction of the eyes, the distance between the reference point of the driver seat and the center plane of the driver seat, the distance between the reference point of the driver seat and the horizontal direction of the eyes, the distance between the reference point of the driver seat and the coupler, the distance between the reference point of the coupler and the coupler,
S43, acquiring the distance from the low-distance signal to a coupler connecting surface and the distance from the low-distance signal to the center of a track;
s44, integrating the data to construct a plane model and marking position points;
s45, calculating a horizontal limit deviation angle of the low-distance signal when the train is positioned at a curve;
s46, obtaining the distance from the edge of the visible area on the two sides of the window to the coupler connecting surface, the distance from the high-distance signal to the coupler connecting surface and the distance from the high-distance signal to the center of the track;
s47, calculating a horizontal limit deviation angle of the high-distance signal when the train is positioned at a curve;
and S48, taking the minimum bending radius of the curve as the limit position of the sitting posture horizontal sight line.
Furthermore, the high-distance signals are positioned above two sides of the center of the track, and the low-distance signals are positioned on two sides of the center of the track and are coplanar with the track.
Further, the limit positions under the standing condition comprise a standing upper vision limit calculation, a standing lower vision limit calculation of the eyes and the windshield glass, and a standing lower vision limit calculation of the eyes and the highest point of the driver console.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: by comprehensively considering all unfavorable conditions and combining the observation condition requirements of the locomotive cab, checking the visibility of a front high-distance signal and a front low-distance signal lamp observed by a driver under the conditions of standing posture and sitting posture, comparing the checking results, namely the sitting posture eye height and the standing posture eye height, with the sitting posture eye height and the standing posture eye height data of women and men, and comparing the data to obtain whether the visibility of the cab meets the standard or the user requirements, wherein the calculated visibility of the cab comprises the observation of the high-distance signal and the observation of the low-distance signal; therefore, the visual field of the driver can be verified at the initial stage of the structural design of the cab, and the problem that the seat, the wind shield or other structural components of the cab are changed to cause economic loss due to poor visual field effect of the driver after subsequent products are produced is avoided; thereby improving the stable, safe and efficient performance of the train in the production, assembly and subsequent operation processes.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for quickly verifying a driver's visibility of a rail transit vehicle by inputting data in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is one of the schematic diagrams of train visibility in the standard requirements for detecting driver visibility;
FIG. 3 is a second schematic illustration of the visibility of a train in accordance with the standard requirements for detecting driver visibility;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the driver's stance in a standard requirement for detecting driver visibility;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a driver's standing view in a standard requirement for detecting driver visibility;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the driver's sitting posture in a standard requirement for detecting driver visibility;
FIG. 7 is a diagram of a standard in-seat vision for detecting driver visibility;
fig. 8 is a layout diagram of a cab structure in a method for rapidly verifying driver visibility of a rail transit vehicle by inputting data according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the calculation of the limit position of the high-range sight signal in the sitting posture in the method for rapidly checking the visibility of the driver of the rail transit vehicle by inputting data according to the embodiment of the invention; (ii) a
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating calculation of the lowest point of the sight window and the limit position of the low-distance signal in a sitting posture in the method for rapidly checking the visibility of a driver of a rail transit vehicle by inputting data according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating calculation of extreme positions of the highest point and the low-distance signal of the driver's console in a sitting posture in the method for rapidly checking the visibility of a driver of a rail transit vehicle by inputting data according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a driver viewing angle in a horizontal view in a method for quickly verifying the visibility of a driver of a rail transit vehicle by inputting data according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of calculation of the extreme position of the horizontal sight line of the low-distance signal in the sitting posture in the method for rapidly checking the visibility of the driver of the rail transit vehicle by inputting data according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a driver viewing angle in a horizontal field of view in a method for quickly verifying driver visibility in a rail transit vehicle by inputting data according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of calculation of the extreme position of the horizontal sight line of the sitting high distance signal in the method for rapidly checking the visibility of the driver of the rail transit vehicle by inputting data according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 16 is a parameter definition diagram in the method for rapidly verifying the visibility of the driver of the rail transit vehicle by inputting data according to the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
According to the embodiment of the invention, a method for rapidly verifying the visibility of a driver of a rail transit vehicle by inputting data is provided.
According to the invention, all unfavorable conditions are considered relatively comprehensively, as shown in figures 2-7, according to the requirement of the observation condition of the cab of the GB/T5914.1-2015 locomotive, the driver observes the visual field visibility of the front high-distance signal and the front low-distance signal lamp under the conditions of standing posture and sitting posture, the result of the calculation is that the sitting posture eye height and the standing posture eye height are compared with the sitting posture eye height and standing posture eye height data of the 5 th female and the 95 th male in GB/T10000, and the data are compared to obtain whether the visual field visibility of the cab meets the standard or the user requirement. The visibility of the driver cab field of view includes observing a high distance signal and observing a low distance signal, and the driver should see the high distance signal 10m or more than 10m ahead from the coupler connecting surface. (high range signals are 2.5m on each side of the track center and high is 6.3m from the track face.) the driver should see low range signals 15m or more forward from the coupler coupling face. (Low-distance signals are positioned at 1.75m positions on two sides of the center of the track and in the plane of the track surface.)
Wherein, the specific human body size data of 18-60 years old in GB10000-88 is shown in Table 1;
table 1:
according to basic data of human body size provided by GB10000-88, the eye height of a 5 th% female in a standing posture is 1371mm, and the eye height of a sitting posture is 695mm; the eye height of 95% male in standing posture is 1664mm, and the eye height in sitting posture is 847mm.
In the sitting position, the conditions that the driver's eye position is most unfavorable for observing the high and low range signals are:
(1) when the train goes up a slope, a driver sits and a driver seat is positioned at the highest position behind the train, namely the extreme position of the sight distance signal position on the sitting posture;
(2) when the train runs downhill, a driver sits and a driver seat is positioned at the lowest position behind the train, namely the extreme position of the low-distance signal position for sitting posture downward;
(3) when the train runs on a curve with the radius of 150m, the driver seat is positioned at the back, namely the horizontal sight line limit position.
In the standing position, the conditions that the driver's eye position is most unfavorable for observing the high-range signal and the low-range signal are:
(1) when the train goes up a slope, a driver stands and approaches the edge of the driver console, namely the limit position of the visual height distance signal on the standing position;
(2) when the train goes down the slope, the driver stands close to the edge of the driver console, namely the limit position of the low-distance signal under the standing posture.
In the following examples, simulation calculations were performed for a line, which is a condition: maximum gradient of an entrance and exit section line: 40 ‰ (2.3 °), minimum bend radius of wire: 150m.
Preliminary layout of a cab: the distance between the floor surface of the cab and the rail surface is 1100mm, the distance between the lower edge B of the visible area of the front window glass of the cab and the floor surface is 953mm, and the distance between the lower edge B and the coupler connecting surface is 360mm; the upper edge C of the visible area of the cab front window glass is 1970mm away from the floor cloth cover and 637mm away from the coupler connecting surface.
The highest position H of the driver console is arranged at a distance of 1190mm from the floor surface and at a distance of 805mm from the coupler connecting surface. The distance from the edges of the visible areas on the two sides of the car window to the center plane of the seat is 781mm, and the distance from the edges of the visible areas on the two sides of the car window to the coupler connecting plane is 505mm.
The lowest height of the reference point of the cab seat in the vertical direction is 580mm, and the vertical direction can be adjusted by 120mm; the distance between the seat reference point and the horizontal direction of the coupler connecting surface is 1798.5mm, and the front and back directions can be adjusted by 250mm; the minimum distance between the reference point of the cab seat and the horizontal direction of the human eyes is 78mm.
Referring now to the drawings and the detailed description, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a method for rapidly verifying visibility of a driver of a rail transit vehicle by inputting data, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 8-16, includes the steps of:
s1, acquiring line rail surface data, a cab and layout data of the cab;
the line trajectory data includes a line grade and a line bend radius.
As shown in fig. 8, the cab includes a floor, a front window, a coupler, a console, and a driver seat.
The layout information comprises the distance from the floor surface to the rail surface, the edge distance data of the visible area of the front window glass, the height data of the driver console and the parameter data of the driver seat.
The distance data of the edges of the visible area of the front window glass comprise the distance from the lower edge of the visible area of the front window glass to a floor surface, the distance from the lower edge of the visible area of the front window glass to a coupler connecting surface, the distance from the upper edge of the visible area of the front window glass to the floor surface, the distance from the upper edge of the visible area of the front window glass to the coupler connecting surface, the distance from the edges of the visible areas on two sides of the front window glass to the center plane of a driver seat and the distance from the edges of the visible areas on two sides of the front window glass to the coupler connecting surface;
the height data of the driver control console comprises the distance from the highest position of the driver control console to the floor surface and the distance from the highest position of the driver control console to the coupling surface of the car coupler;
the driver seat parameter data comprise the distance from a driver seat reference point to the floor surface, the lowest height of the driver seat reference point in the vertical direction, the vertical adjustable height of the driver seat, the front and back adjustable distance of the driver seat, the distance from the driver seat reference point to the horizontal direction of a coupler connecting surface and the distance from the driver seat reference point to the horizontal direction of human eyes.
The high-distance signals are positioned above two sides of the center of the track, and the low-distance signals are positioned on two sides of the center of the track and are coplanar with the track.
S2, calculating the limit position of the view height distance signal in the sitting posture in the uphill state, as shown in fig. 9, and comprising the following steps:
s21, the driver seat is located at the highest position behind the car, and the distance from the reference point of the driver seat to the floor surface and the distance from the driver seat to the horizontal direction of the car coupler connecting surface at the moment are obtained;
s22, the maximum gradient of a line, the distance from a floor surface to a rail surface, the distance from the upper edge of a visible area of a windshield to the floor surface, the distance from the upper edge of the visible area of the windshield to a coupler connecting surface and the distance from a reference point of a driver seat to the horizontal direction of human eyes are called;
s23, acquiring the distance from the high-range signal to a coupler connecting surface and the distance from the high-range signal to a rail surface;
s24, integrating the data to construct a plane model and marking position points;
and S25, calculating by utilizing a trigonometric function to obtain the vertical distance from the human eyes to a reference point of the driver seat, and taking the vertical distance as the limit position of the visual height distance signal on the sitting posture.
For example, known conditions include: the gradient of the line is 2.3 degrees, the distance between the floor surface of the cab and the rail surface is 1100mm, the seat is positioned at the highest position behind the vehicle, the distance between the reference point of the seat and the horizontal direction of the connection surface of the car coupler is 1798.5mm, and the height between the reference point of the seat and the floor surface is 700mm. The height of a visible area at the upper part of the car window is 1970mm from the floor surface, and the height of the visible area at the upper part of the car window is 637mm from the car coupler connecting surface. The human eye is horizontally 78mm from the seat reference point. The distance between the high-distance signal and the coupler connecting surface is 10m, and the distance between the high-distance signal and the rail surface is 6.3m.
Modeling was done from known data, as in FIG. 9, and the human eye to seat distance AE was calculated to be 893mm. I.e. sitting at an eye height below 893mm, the driver can see a distance signal of more than 10 m. The sitting eye height data of 95 th percentile male in GB10000-88 is 864mm, and compared with the data result, the cab structural design can meet the requirement that 10m high distance signals are observed from 5 th percentile female to 95 th percentile male.
S3, calculating the limit position of the vision low distance signal in the sitting posture in the downhill state, as shown in FIGS. 10-11, and comprising the following steps:
s31, the driver seat is located at the lowest position behind the car, and the distance from the reference point of the driver seat to the floor surface and the distance from the driver seat to the horizontal direction of the coupler connection surface are obtained;
s32, the maximum gradient of a line, the distance from a floor surface to a rail surface, the distance from the lower edge of a visible area of the windshield to the floor surface, the distance from the lower edge of the visible area of the windshield to a coupler connecting surface and the distance from a reference point of a driver seat to the horizontal direction of human eyes are called;
s33, acquiring the distance from the low-distance signal to a coupler connection surface and the distance from the low-distance signal to a rail surface;
s34, building a plane model by integrating the data and marking position points;
s35, calculating by utilizing a trigonometric function to obtain a vertical distance from human eyes to a reference point of a driver seat as a first reference value;
s36, then the distance from the highest position of the driver console to the floor surface and the distance from the highest position of the driver console to the coupling surface of the coupler are obtained;
s37, adding a new position point in the plane model, and recalculating by utilizing a trigonometric function to obtain a vertical distance from human eyes to a reference point of the driver seat as a second reference value;
and S38, comparing the first reference value with the second reference value, and selecting the maximum value as the limit position of the vision low-distance signal of the sitting posture in the downhill state.
For example, known conditions include: the gradient of the line is 2.3 degrees, the distance between the floor surface of the cab and the rail surface is 1100mm, the seat is positioned at the lowest position, the distance between the reference point of the seat and the coupling surface of the coupler is 1798.5mm, and the height between the reference point of the seat and the floor surface in the vertical direction is 580mm. The lower edge of the car window is 953mm away from the ground surface and 360mm away from the car coupler connecting surface. The human eye is horizontally 78mm from the seat reference point.
The low-distance signal is 15m away from the coupler connecting surface, and the height of the low-distance signal is the same as that of the rail surface.
The data of the female in the 5 th percentile of AE =615, GB10000-88 is calculated to be 695mm, the adjustment amount of the seat height is 120mm, the seat is adjusted upwards by 80mm, and the cab structure is designed to meet the low distance signal at 15m observed by the female in the 5 th percentile to the male in the 95 th percentile by establishing a model according to the known data, such as figure 10.
Different from the calculation of the upper viewing limit, in the calculation of the lower viewing, not only the height of the low-distance signal observed by the eyes through the lowest point of the vehicle window is calculated, but also the height of the low-distance signal observed through the highest point of the driver station is calculated, and the maximum value of the height and the height is taken.
It is known that: it is known that: the gradient of the line is 2.3 degrees, the distance between the floor surface of the cab and the rail surface is 1100mm, the seat is positioned at the lowest position, the distance between the reference point of the seat and the connection surface of the car coupler is 1798.5mm, and the height between the reference point of the seat and the floor surface in the vertical direction is 580mm. The highest position H of the driver console is arranged at a distance of 1190mm from the floor surface and at a distance of 805mm from the coupler connecting surface. The human eye is horizontally 78mm from the seat reference point. The distance between the low-distance signal and the coupler connecting surface is 15m, and the height is the same as that of the rail surface.
The data of the female in the 5 th percentile of AE =782, GB10000-88 is calculated to be 695mm, the adjustment amount of the seat height is 120mm, the seat is adjusted up by 87mm, and the cab structure is designed to meet the low distance signal at 15m observed by the female in the 5 th percentile to the male in the 95 th percentile by establishing a model through the known data, such as a graph shown in FIG. 11.
The comparison shows that the most extreme condition of the sitting posture downward vision field is that the sight line observes a low distance signal through the highest point of the driver platform, and the requirement that a female in the 5 th percentile to a male in the 95 th percentile observes the low distance signal at the position of 15m can be met by upwards adjusting the seat by 87 mm.
S4, calculating the limit position of the horizontal sight line of the sitting posture, as shown in figures 12-15, and comprising the following steps:
s41, the driver seat is located at the last position, and the distance from the reference point of the driver seat to the floor surface and the distance from the driver seat to the horizontal direction of the coupler connecting surface at the moment are obtained
S42, the distance from the edge of the visible area on the two sides of the front window to the center plane of the driver seat, the distance from the edge of the visible area on the two sides of the front window to the coupler connecting surface, the distance from the reference point of the driver seat to the horizontal direction of the eyes, the distance between the reference point of the driver seat and the center plane of the driver seat, the distance between the edge of the visible area on the two sides of the front window and the coupler connecting surface, the distance between the reference point of the driver seat and the horizontal direction of the eyes, the distance between the reference point of the driver seat and the center plane of the driver seat, the distance between the reference point of the driver seat and the horizontal direction of the eyes, the distance between the reference point of the driver seat and the coupler, the distance between the reference point of the coupler and the coupler,
S43, acquiring the distance from the low-distance signal to a coupler connecting surface and the distance from the low-distance signal to the center of a track;
s44, integrating the data to construct a plane model and marking position points;
s45, calculating a horizontal limit deviation angle of the low-distance signal when the train is positioned at a curve;
s46, obtaining the distance from the edges of the visible areas on the two sides of the window to the coupler connecting surface, the distance from the high-distance signal to the coupler connecting surface and the distance from the high-distance signal to the center of the track;
s47, calculating a horizontal limit deviation angle of the high-distance signal when the train is positioned at a curve;
and S48, taking the minimum bending radius of the curve as the limit position of the sitting posture horizontal sight line.
For example, known conditions include: the distance between the seat reference point and the coupler connecting surface 1798.5mm, and the distance between the edges of the visible areas on the two sides of the car window and the coupler connecting surface 360mm. The distance from the edges of the visible areas on the two sides of the car window to the center plane of the seat is 781mm. The further the eye is from the window, the smaller the horizontal viewing angle, so we will calculate the angle at which the driver looks at the very edge of the window, at the rearmost position of the seat, as shown in figure 12.
It is known that: the seat is located at the last position, the distance between a seat reference point and the coupler connecting surface is 1798.5mm, and the distance between the edges of the visible areas on the two sides of the car window and the coupler connecting surface is 360mm. The distance from the edges of the visible areas on the two sides of the car window to the center plane of the seat is 781mm. The human eye is horizontally 78mm from the seat reference point. The low distance signal is 15m away from the coupler connecting surface and 1750mm away from the center of the track. When the vehicle is in a 150m curve, the low-range signal level limit deviation angle is as shown in fig. 13. The angle FAG =8.6 degrees, the angle BAG =29.9 degrees, and the cab structure design can meet the condition that a driver observes a low-distance signal at 15 m.
It is known that: the seat is located at the last position, the distance between a seat reference point and the coupler connecting surface is 1798.5mm, and the distance between the edges of the visible areas on the two sides of the car window and the coupler connecting surface is 637mm. The distance from the edges of the visible areas on the two sides of the car window to the center plane of the seat is 781mm.
The human eye is horizontally 78mm from the seat reference point. The distance between the high-distance signal and the coupler connecting surface is 10m, and the distance between the high-distance signal and the center of the track is 2500mm.
When the vehicle is in a 150m curve, the high-distance signal level limit deviation angle is shown in fig. 14. The angle FAG =13.8 degrees, the angle BAG =35.8 degrees, and the cab structure design can meet the condition that a driver observes a high-distance signal at 10 m.
From the above calculation results, it can be seen that when the vehicle is on the route of the minimum bend radius, the driver's horizontal visibility satisfies the standard or user's requirement.
And S5, integrating the data and the result, and calculating the limit positions of the upper-view high-distance signal and the lower-view low-distance signal under the standing condition.
The limit positions under the standing condition comprise a standing upper-view limit calculation, a standing lower-view limit calculation of the limit positions of the eyes and the windshield glass and a standing lower-view limit calculation of the limit positions of the eyes and the highest point of the driver console.
The method is basically the same as the calculation method of the lookout in the sitting posture, and comprises the steps of calculating the upper looking limit of the standing posture, calculating the limit positions of the looking eyes and the glass in the standing posture and calculating the limit positions of the looking eyes and the highest point of the control console in the standing posture.
In addition, because the drawing process of the checking method is complex, 10 views are required to be drawn to obtain a calculation result, and the manual drawing process is long in time consumption and prone to errors. Generating a program for checking the vision condition of a driver in mapping software; the checking result and all the related views shown in the description of the figures can be obtained only by inputting the corresponding data according to the parameter definition given in the program, as shown in fig. 8-16; the method is simple and convenient to operate, and whether the structural design of the cab meets the view observation requirement of the driver can be quickly checked. Factors influencing the visibility of a driver's field of vision have the upper and lower of seat, fore-and-aft regulating variable, the visual regional scope of glass, and driver's control cabinet rear portion and locomotive front end molding profile degree, if the demand can't be watched to the driver's field of vision to current cab structural design, when the driver can't observe the signal lamp promptly, modify above-mentioned relevant data that influence the visibility of driver as required, if adjust the visual regional scope of glass, adjust seat location etc., can obtain the result of checking calculation again, how to optimize follow-up cab structural design, optimize how much, have very strong guide effect, can effectively promote designer's work efficiency. According to the requirements of users, the obtained final calculation result is compared with GB10000-88 or other human body size data, and the method and the program can accurately and quickly verify whether the structural design of the cab meets the requirements of the field of vision of the driver.
In the above embodiment, relevant letters and parameters are introduced to represent the structure and result of the cab, as shown in fig. 16, where the annotations corresponding to the letters are: a is the lowest height of a seat surface (the lowest end of an SRP), B is the distance between the rearmost end of the SRP and a car hook connecting surface, C is the width of the SRP (the front and back adjustment amount of a seat), D is the height of the SRP (the adjustment amount of the seat height), E is the minimum distance between a seat SRP point and a driver's seat edge, F is the maximum gradient, G is the distance between a lower edge B of a visible area of a front window glass and a car hook connecting surface, H is the distance between a lower edge B of the visible area of the front window glass and a floor cloth surface, I is the distance between an upper edge C of the visible area of the front window glass and the car hook connecting surface, J is the distance between an upper edge C of the visible area of the front window glass and the floor cloth surface, K is the distance between the highest point H of the driver's seat and the floor cloth surface, L is the highest point H of the driver's seat from the car hook connecting surface, M is the middle line and a track middle line, N is the distance between the left side B point of the seat center (the low distance), O is the right side C point and the center of the seat (the low distance), P is the left side B of the car window and the seat center, Q is the upper radius of the track, and the minimum radius of the upper surface of the seat.
In conclusion, by means of the technical scheme, all adverse conditions are comprehensively considered, the visual field visibility of a front high-distance signal and a front low-distance signal lamp is checked by a driver under the conditions of standing posture and sitting posture by combining with the observation condition requirements of a locomotive cab, the checking result, namely the sitting posture eye height and the standing posture eye height, is compared with the sitting posture eye height and the standing posture eye height data of women and men, data are compared to obtain whether the visual field visibility of the cab meets the standard or the user requirements, and the visual field visibility of the cab is obtained by calculation and comprises high-distance signal observation and low-distance signal observation; therefore, the visual field of the driver can be verified at the initial stage of the structural design of the cab, and the problem that the seat, the wind shield or other structural components of the cab are changed to cause economic loss due to poor visual field effect of the driver after subsequent products are produced is avoided; thereby improving the stable, safe and efficient performance of the train in the production, assembly and subsequent operation processes.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. Method for quickly checking the visibility of a driver of a rail vehicle by inputting data, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring line rail surface data, a cab and layout data of the cab;
s2, calculating the limit position of the view height distance signal of the sitting posture in the uphill state;
s3, calculating the limit position of the sitting posture downward viewing low distance signal in the downhill state;
s4, calculating the limit position of the horizontal sight line of the sitting posture;
and S5, integrating the data and the result, and calculating the limit positions of the upper-view high-distance signal and the lower-view low-distance signal under the standing condition.
2. The method for rapidly verifying driver visibility of a rail transit vehicle as set forth in claim 1, wherein said track surface data includes track grade and track curve radius.
3. The method for rapidly verifying the visibility of a driver of a rail transit vehicle through inputting data as set forth in claim 2, wherein the driver's cab includes a floor, a front window, a coupler, a driver's console, and a driver's seat.
4. The method for rapidly verifying the visibility of a driver of a rail transit vehicle through input data as claimed in claim 3, wherein the layout information includes floor to rail surface distance, front window glass visible area edge distance data, driver's station height data and driver's seat parameter data.
5. The method for rapidly verifying the visibility of a driver of a rail transit vehicle according to claim 4, wherein the data of the distance between the edge of the visible area of the windshield and the ground, the distance between the lower edge of the visible area of the windshield and the coupling surface, the distance between the upper edge of the visible area of the windshield and the ground, the distance between the upper edge of the visible area of the windshield and the coupling surface, the distance between the edge of the visible area on both sides of the windshield and the center plane of the driver seat, the distance between the edge of the visible area on both sides of the windshield and the coupling surface;
the height data of the driver control console comprises the distance from the highest position of the driver control console to the floor surface and the distance from the highest position of the driver control console to the coupling surface of the car coupler;
the driver seat parameter data comprise the distance from a driver seat reference point to the floor surface, the lowest height of the driver seat reference point in the vertical direction, the vertical adjustable height of the driver seat, the front and back adjustable distance of the driver seat, the distance from the driver seat reference point to the horizontal direction of a coupler connecting surface and the distance from the driver seat reference point to the horizontal direction of human eyes.
6. The method for rapidly verifying the visibility of a driver of a rail transit vehicle by inputting data as claimed in claim 5, wherein the method for calculating the limit position of the viewing distance signal in the sitting posture in the uphill state comprises the following steps:
s21, the driver seat is located at the highest position behind the car, and the distance from the reference point of the driver seat to the floor surface and the distance from the driver seat to the horizontal direction of the car coupler connecting surface at the moment are obtained;
s22, the maximum gradient of a line, the distance from a floor surface to a rail surface, the distance from the upper edge of a visible area of a windshield to the floor surface, the distance from the upper edge of the visible area of the windshield to a coupler connecting surface and the distance from a reference point of a driver seat to the horizontal direction of human eyes are called;
s23, acquiring the distance from the high-range signal to a coupler connecting surface and the distance from the high-range signal to a rail surface;
s24, integrating the data to construct a plane model and marking position points;
and S25, calculating by utilizing a trigonometric function to obtain the vertical distance from the human eyes to a reference point of the driver seat, and taking the vertical distance as the limit position of the visual height distance signal in the sitting posture.
7. The method for rapidly verifying the visibility of a driver of a rail transit vehicle by inputting data as claimed in claim 6, wherein the calculating of the extreme position of the low sight signal in a sitting posture in a downhill state comprises the steps of:
s31, the driver seat is located at the lowest position of the rear portion, and the distance from the reference point of the driver seat to the floor surface and the distance from the driver seat to the horizontal direction of the coupler connecting surface are obtained;
s32, the maximum gradient of a line, the distance from a floor surface to a rail surface, the distance from the lower edge of a visible area of the windshield to the floor surface, the distance from the lower edge of the visible area of the windshield to a coupler connecting surface and the distance from a reference point of a driver seat to the horizontal direction of human eyes are called;
s33, acquiring the distance from the low-distance signal to a coupler connection surface and the distance from the low-distance signal to a rail surface;
s34, building a plane model by integrating the data and marking position points;
s35, calculating by utilizing a trigonometric function to obtain a vertical distance from human eyes to a reference point of a driver seat as a first reference value;
s36, then the distance from the highest position of the driver console to the floor surface and the distance from the highest position of the driver console to the coupling surface of the coupler are obtained;
s37, adding a new position point in the plane model, and recalculating by utilizing a trigonometric function to obtain the vertical distance from the human eyes to a reference point of the driver seat as a second reference value;
and S38, comparing the first reference value with the second reference value, and selecting the maximum value as the limit position of the vision low-distance signal of the sitting posture in the downhill state.
8. The method for rapidly verifying the visibility of a driver of a rail transit vehicle by inputting data as claimed in claim 7, wherein the calculating of the sitting posture horizontal sight line limit position comprises the steps of:
s41, the driver seat is located at the last position, and the distance from the reference point of the driver seat to the floor surface and the distance from the driver seat to the horizontal direction of the coupler connecting surface at the moment are obtained
S42, adjusting the distance from the edges of the visible areas on the two sides of the front window to the center plane of the driver seat the distance from the edge of the visible area at the two sides of the front window to the coupler connecting surface, the distance from the reference point of the driver seat to the horizontal direction of the eyes,
S43, acquiring the distance from the low-distance signal to a coupler connecting surface and the distance from the low-distance signal to the center of a track;
s44, integrating the data to construct a plane model and marking position points;
s45, calculating a horizontal limit deviation angle of the low-distance signal when the train is positioned at a curve;
s46, obtaining the distance from the edge of the visible area on the two sides of the window to the coupler connecting surface, the distance from the high-distance signal to the coupler connecting surface and the distance from the high-distance signal to the center of the track;
s47, calculating a horizontal limit deviation angle of the high-distance signal when the train is positioned at a curve;
and S48, taking the minimum bending radius of the curve as the limit position of the sitting posture horizontal sight line.
9. The method for rapidly verifying the visibility of a driver of a rail transit vehicle according to claim 8, wherein the high-range signal is located above both sides of the center of the rail and the low-range signal is located on both sides of the center of the rail and is coplanar with the rail.
10. The method for rapidly verifying the visibility of a driver of a rail transit vehicle through input data as claimed in claim 1, wherein the extreme positions under the standing condition comprise calculation of a standing upward viewing limit, calculation of extreme positions of a standing downward viewing human eye and a windshield glass, and extreme positions of a standing downward viewing human eye and a highest point of a console.
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