CN115212840A - 一种综合利用难选冶伴生铁锰矿制备甲醛净化材料的方法 - Google Patents
一种综合利用难选冶伴生铁锰矿制备甲醛净化材料的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 165
- DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
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- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
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- 229910000616 Ferromanganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
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- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052604 silicate mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012149 noodles Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052613 tourmaline Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229940070527 tourmaline Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004113 Sepiolite Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052624 sepiolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019355 sepiolite Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
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- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 6
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 241001575999 Hakka Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000016278 Mentha canadensis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004887 air purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
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- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PPNAOCWZXJOHFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Mn+2] PPNAOCWZXJOHFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- BZNTUSVMVXRESI-UHFFFAOYSA-N C=O.[O-2].[Mn+2] Chemical compound C=O.[O-2].[Mn+2] BZNTUSVMVXRESI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003421 catalytic decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052595 hematite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001608 iron mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000011656 manganese carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000006748 manganese carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940093474 manganese carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910001655 manganese mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000016 manganese(II) carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- XMWCXZJXESXBBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(ii) carbonate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]C([O-])=O XMWCXZJXESXBBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002135 nanosheet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种综合利用难选冶伴生铁锰矿制备甲醛净化材料的方法。其中,所述难选冶伴生铁锰矿中铁品位为15‑40%,锰品位为5‑20%;该方法包括以下步骤:(1)预先将铁锰矿原矿粉末、复合粘合剂分别粉碎到60目以下,按重量百分比计以铁锰矿粉末60‑98%、复合粘合剂2‑40%的配比,将铁锰矿粉末、复合粘合剂混合搅拌均匀,加入水挤压成团;(2)将搅拌成团的混合物挤压造粒;(3)对颗粒进行脱水处理。本发明以难选冶伴生铁锰矿作为原料制备高价值产品,充分利用原矿本身的高细度,降低了磨矿成本,解决了原矿选冶难度大、成本高,基本无法开发利用的棘手问题。并且通过造粒,增加了天然矿物在甲醛净化应用场景上的适用性,实现了资源的综合利用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及空气净化技术领域,具体涉及一种综合利用难选冶伴生铁锰矿制备甲醛净化材料的方法。
背景技术
我国目前存在大量低品位复杂铁锰矿,因为其中铁锰品位低、粒度细等特点,导致选矿难度大、成本高。这些矿床中的锰、铁矿物多呈细脉浸染状,粒度极细,铁锰氧化矿物解离度低,传统的选矿工艺提取目的金属矿物的方法成本过高,也难以得到有价值的产品,导致这一类矿产资源难以利用。
目前对低品位锰、铁矿的综合利用的主要方式还是通过选矿的方式提取有用元素或者作为原料合成电解锰结晶复盐和高纯碳酸锰等高价值产品。锰、铁作为过渡金属氧化物具有较高的氧化还原性能,具有资源丰富、高活性以及低毒性等特点的锰氧化物更是被广泛应用于甲醛的催化氧化反应中,并且表现出较好的效果。目前,常用的锰氧化物甲醛净化材料为纳米级二氧化锰,其比表面积大,表面能高,但存在颗粒易发生团聚而降低催化效率以及纳米二氧化锰制备成本较高的问题。专利文献CN112774650A公开了甲醛净化材料制剂、制备方法及应用。甲醛净化材料制剂呈颗粒状,每个颗粒由甲醛净化材料和粘接剂构成,所述甲醛净化材料包括甲醛分解催化剂,所述甲醛分解催化剂主要由δ晶型的MnO2纳米片形成的亚微米-微米级花球状颗粒所构成。其中,δ晶型的MnO2由高锰酸钾、硫酸锰和水构成的反应液制备而成。其制备工序较为复杂,且对制备MnO2所用原料有纯度要求,相比天然矿物成本较高。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种综合利用难选冶伴生铁锰矿制备甲醛净化材料的方法,实现低品位、难选铁锰矿的资源综合利用,制得经济性高、性能较好、粒状材料,该材料可用于甲醛等室内污染气体净化。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种综合利用难选冶伴生铁锰矿制备甲醛净化材料的方法,所述难选冶伴生铁锰矿中铁品位为15-40%,锰品位为5-20%;该方法包括以下步骤:
(1)预先将铁锰矿原矿粉末、复合粘合剂分别粉碎到60目以下,按重量百分比计以铁锰矿粉末60-98%、复合粘合剂2-40%的配比,将铁锰矿粉末、复合粘合剂混合搅拌均匀,加入水挤压成团;
(2)将搅拌成团的混合物放入造粒机中,挤压造粒;
(3)通过自然风干或者烘箱对颗粒进行脱水处理。
优选地,所述低品位难选型铁锰矿呈土状,含少量锰结核颗粒,铁品位为20-30%,锰品位为5-10%。
优选地,在步骤(1)中,粉碎后的铁锰矿粉末粒度为1-250微米,其中-200目(74微米以下)含量>50%。使用打粉机将铁锰矿粉末和复合粘合剂搅拌混匀,打粉机转速500-2000r/min,高转速可以让粉末细度更高,混匀1-5min。加水后使用压面机挤压成团,压面辊间隙为2-5mm,反复辊制5-10次。
优选地,在步骤(2)中,造粒机网孔的宽度(对应于颗粒直径)选择2-6mm,长度控制在0.5-2cm。
优选地,在步骤(3)中,自然风干温度为10-30℃,时间为5-15天。烘箱温度为120-220℃,烘干时间为4-14小时。
优选地,所述复合粘合剂为淀粉或改性淀粉与高岭土、蒙脱石、硅藻土、沸石、坡缕石、电气石中一种或多种硅酸盐矿物的混合物。优选所述复合粘合剂为改性淀粉和蒙脱石的混合物。优选地,在所述步骤(1)中,按重量份计,铁锰矿粉末100份,改性淀粉5-10份,蒙脱石10-20份,水30-50份。
根据以上列举的技术方案,本发明的发明点之一是提供了低品位细粒铁锰矿的综合利用途径。原先该类型矿床品位低、粒度细导致选矿成本高、矿物解离难度大,通过采取制备甲醛净化材料的新型利用方式,将矿物的这些难选缺陷转变为优势特征。原矿石中矿物粒度细,比表面积大,而且铁锰矿物品位较低,具备较多的硅酸盐矿物,如高岭石等。这些特点指示材料的吸附能力、可塑性和粘结力较好,可以有效发挥铁、锰氧化物催化分解甲醛作用的同时降低材料的造粒成本。
本发明的发明点之二是优化了铁锰矿粉末与复合粘合剂之间的配比,当复合粘合剂用量少于2%时,颗粒粘合性较差,脱水后结构松散,容易破碎,不便材料包装和日常使用。当复合粘合剂含量大于40%时,首先是粘合性过强,粘合剂含量高,矿物与矿物之间粘合的比较紧实,所制成颗粒的孔洞和小裂隙急剧减少,比表面积下降,吸附能力下降;其次是在颗粒孔洞、小裂隙的减少的同时还降低了铁、锰氧化物含量,材料的催化分解能力也会大幅下降。当复合粘合剂含量在2%-40%之间时,矿物颗粒粘合不会过于紧密和松散,保证颗粒成型效果的同时兼顾了对甲醛的吸附和分解能力。
本发明的有益效果在于:
本发明涉及了一种综合利用难选冶伴生铁锰矿制备甲醛净化材料的方法,制作工艺简单,能耗少,成本低。同时,难选冶伴生铁锰矿粉末中含有铁、锰等过渡族金属氧化物和大量天然硅酸盐矿物,其中铁、锰等过渡族金属氧化物对甲醛具有催化分解的功效,天然硅酸盐矿物因为粒度细、比表面积大以及部分粘土矿物,而具有较强的吸附效果。此外,通过混合的有机与无机粘合剂,能在给粉末塑型成颗粒等形状的同时,增加了材料的硬度和强度。因此,这种材料可使用于甲醛等室内有害气体的吸附分解。
本发明以难选冶伴生铁锰矿作为原料制备高价值产品,为难选冶伴生铁锰矿的资源利用开发提供了新路径,利用原矿本身的高细度,降低磨矿成本,从而解决了原矿选冶难度大、成本高的问题。本发明以原矿为原料制备空气净化材料,通过优化造粒时粘合剂与原材料的配比,兼顾了颗粒成型效果及其对甲醛的吸附分解能力,打破了原矿粉末在应用上的限制,既避免了资源的浪费,还实现了资源的综合利用。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明进行进一步详细说明,但并不意味着对本发明保护范围的限制。
在以下实施例中,甲醛净化性能测试方法如下:
在空白仓和样品仓分别放置甲醛检测仪(仪器名称及型号:海克智动/HK B6A,甲醛传感器为英国DART传感器,检测方法为电化学),环境温度为20-25℃,湿度25-35%。取3g样品放入样品仓中,在样品仓和空白仓分别滴入2μL质量百分比浓度为4.7%的甲醛水溶液,密封24小时。分别检测空白仓和样品仓甲醛浓度。甲醛净化率按以下公式计算:
式中,C0为空白仓24小时后甲醛浓度;C1为样品仓24小时后甲醛浓度。
实施例1
铁锰矿采自湘中-桂西地区某难选冶伴生铁锰矿床,呈黑褐色-黄褐色,土状含少量锰氧化物结核,铁品位30-40%,锰品位5-10%,主要矿物为赤铁矿、褐铁矿、水锰矿、软锰矿、硬锰矿、高岭石及石英,原矿细度(低于200目含量)为60%。
取铁锰矿85g,对辊到60目,加入5g改性淀粉和10g蒙脱石,放入打粉机中搅拌2min,转速500r/min,其中,铁锰矿粉、复合粘合剂中的改性淀粉和蒙脱石的粒度为60-350目。加入40g水,将压面机的压面辊距调为5mm,反复辊制8次。
将成团的粉末放入造粒机中,粒径调为5mm,长度控制为1-2cm,挤压造粒。
将挤出的颗粒,放入180℃烘箱,烘制8h。
颗粒比较紧实,有空洞及小裂隙,不容易破碎。
性能测试:密封24小时后,空白仓甲醛浓度为0.52mg/m3,样品仓浓度为0.08mg/m3,甲醛净化率为84.6%。
实施例2
本实施例中所用铁锰矿与实施例1相同。取铁锰矿85g,对辊到60目,加入5g改性淀粉和10g蒙脱石,放入打粉机中搅拌2min,转速500r/min,其中,铁锰矿粉、复合粘合剂中的改性淀粉和蒙脱石的粒度为60-350目。加入40g水,将压面机的压面辊距调为5mm,反复辊制8次。
将成团的粉末放入造粒机中,粒径调为5mm,长度控制为1-2cm,挤压造粒。
将挤出的颗粒,自然风干12天。
颗粒比较紧实,有空洞及小裂隙,不容易破碎。
性能测试:密封24小时后,空白仓甲醛浓度为0.51mg/m3,样品仓浓度为0.10mg/m3,甲醛净化率为80.4%。
实施例3
本实施例中所用铁锰矿与实施例1相同。取铁锰矿85g,对辊到60目,加入5g改性淀粉、5g硅藻土和5g蒙脱石,放入打粉机中搅拌2min,转速500r/min,其中,铁锰矿粉和复合粘合剂中的改性淀粉、硅藻土以及蒙脱石的粒度为60-350目。加入50g水,将压面机的压面辊距调为5mm,反复辊制10次。
将成团的粉末放入造粒机中,粒径调为3mm,长度控制为1cm,挤压造粒。
将挤出的颗粒,放入220℃烘箱,烘制4h。
颗粒比较蓬松,空洞及小裂隙较多,较容易破碎。
性能测试:密封24小时后,空白仓甲醛浓度为0.57mg/m3,样品仓浓度为0.10mg/m3,甲醛净化率为82.5%。
实施例4
本实施例中所用铁锰矿与实施例1相同。取铁锰矿50g,对辊到60目,加入30g改性淀粉和20g蒙脱石,放入打粉机中搅拌2min,转速500r/min,其中,铁锰矿粉、复合粘合剂中的改性淀粉和蒙脱石粒度为60-350目。加入50g水,将压面机的压面辊距调为5mm,反复辊制8次。
将成团的粉末放入造粒机中,粒径调为5mm,长度控制为1-2cm,挤压造粒。
将挤出的颗粒,放入180℃烘箱,烘制8h。
颗粒结构致密,硬度高,不易破碎。
性能测试:密封24小时后,空白仓甲醛浓度为0.59mg/m3,样品仓浓度为0.19mg/m3,甲醛净化率为67.8%。
实施例5
本实施例中所用铁锰矿与实施例1相同。取铁锰矿99g,对辊到60目,加入1g改性淀粉,放入打粉机中搅拌2min,转速500r/min,其中,铁锰矿粉、改性淀粉的粒度为60-350目。加入50g水,将压面机的压面辊距调为5mm,反复辊制8次。
将成团的粉末放入造粒机中,粒径调为5mm,长度控制为1-2cm,挤压造粒。
将挤出的颗粒,放入180℃烘箱,烘制8h。
挤出的颗粒,无法成型,结构松散,极容易破碎。
性能测试:密封24小时后,空白仓甲醛浓度为0.62mg/m3,样品仓浓度为0.10mg/m3,甲醛净化率为83.9%。
本发明甲醛净化材料可用于住宅、办公室、汽车内部的甲醛及TVOC(TotalVolatile Organic Compounds,总挥发性有机化合物)去除。以汽车为例,在小型汽车内部移除具有香味的挂件以及其它具有吸附分解作用的净化产品,防止烃类物质及其他产品对净化结果的干扰,通风1小时后,密闭24小时。之后放入甲醛检测仪(海克智动,HK B6A),静止10分钟后,甲醛示数为0.15mg/m3,TVOC为0.53mg/m3。取实施例2产品200g,平铺于长宽高为30cm×21cm×5cm的纸敞口纸盒内。密闭8小时后,仪器甲醛示数为0.04mg/m3,TVOC为0.29mg/m3。甲醛浓度降到室内污染浓度(0.07mg/m3)以下,该甲醛净化材料可使用于车内的甲醛及TVOC去除。
以上所述的仅是本发明的较佳实施例,并不局限发明。应当指出对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在本发明所提供的技术启示下,还可以做出其它等同改进,均可以实现本发明的目的,都应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (9)
1.一种综合利用难选冶伴生铁锰矿制备甲醛净化材料的方法,其特征在于,所述难选冶伴生铁锰矿中铁品位为15-40%,锰品位为5-20%;该方法包括以下步骤:
(1)预先将铁锰矿原矿粉末、复合粘合剂分别粉碎到60目以下,按重量百分比计以铁锰矿粉末60-98%、复合粘合剂2-40%的配比,将铁锰矿粉末、复合粘合剂混合搅拌均匀,加入水挤压成团;
(2)将搅拌成团的混合物放入造粒机中,挤压造粒;
(3)通过自然风干或者烘箱对颗粒进行脱水处理。
2.根据权利要求1所述的综合利用难选冶伴生铁锰矿制备甲醛净化材料的方法,其特征在于,所述难选冶伴生铁锰矿中铁品位为20-30%,锰品位为5-10%。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的综合利用难选冶伴生铁锰矿制备甲醛净化材料的方法,其特征在于,在所述步骤(1)中,粉碎后的铁锰矿粉末粒度为1-250微米,其中小于200目的含量>50%。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的综合利用难选冶伴生铁锰矿制备甲醛净化材料的方法,其特征在于,在所述步骤(1)中,使用打粉机将铁锰矿粉末和复合粘合剂搅拌混匀,打粉机转速500-2000r/min,混匀1-5min;加水后使用压面机挤压成团,压面辊间隙为2-5mm,反复辊制5-10次。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的综合利用难选冶伴生铁锰矿制备甲醛净化材料的方法,其特征在于,在步骤(2)中,造粒机网孔的宽度选择2-6mm,长度控制在0.5-2cm。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的综合利用难选冶伴生铁锰矿制备甲醛净化材料的方法,其特征在于,在步骤(3)中,自然风干温度为10-30℃,时间为5-15天;烘箱温度为120-220℃,烘干时间为4-14小时。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的综合利用难选冶伴生铁锰矿制备甲醛净化材料的方法,其特征在于,所述复合粘合剂为淀粉或改性淀粉与高岭土、蒙脱石、硅藻土、沸石、坡缕石、电气石、海泡石中一种或多种硅酸盐矿物的混合物。
8.根据权利要求7所述的综合利用难选冶伴生铁锰矿制备甲醛净化材料的方法,其特征在于,所述复合粘合剂为改性淀粉和蒙脱石的混合物。
9.根据权利要求8所述的综合利用难选冶伴生铁锰矿制备甲醛净化材料的方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)中,按重量份计,铁锰矿粉末100份,改性淀粉5-10份,蒙脱石10-20份,水30-50份。
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