CN115162772B - Demolishing process for high-rise building - Google Patents
Demolishing process for high-rise building Download PDFInfo
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- CN115162772B CN115162772B CN202210422746.6A CN202210422746A CN115162772B CN 115162772 B CN115162772 B CN 115162772B CN 202210422746 A CN202210422746 A CN 202210422746A CN 115162772 B CN115162772 B CN 115162772B
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
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- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 34
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
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- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 4
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
- E04G23/08—Wrecking of buildings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/32—Safety or protective measures for persons during the construction of buildings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/32—Safety or protective measures for persons during the construction of buildings
- E04G21/3261—Safety-nets; Safety mattresses; Arrangements on buildings for connecting safety-lines
- E04G21/3266—Safety nets
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
- E04G23/08—Wrecking of buildings
- E04G23/081—Wrecking of buildings using hydrodemolition
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G3/00—Scaffolds essentially supported by building constructions, e.g. adjustable in height
- E04G3/28—Mobile scaffolds; Scaffolds with mobile platforms
- E04G3/30—Mobile scaffolds; Scaffolds with mobile platforms suspended by flexible supporting elements, e.g. cables
- E04G3/32—Hoisting devices; Safety devices
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G5/00—Component parts or accessories for scaffolds
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G5/00—Component parts or accessories for scaffolds
- E04G5/001—Safety or protective measures against falling down relating to scaffoldings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G5/00—Component parts or accessories for scaffolds
- E04G5/04—Means for fastening, supporting, or bracing scaffolds on or against building constructions
- E04G5/046—Means for fastening, supporting, or bracing scaffolds on or against building constructions for fastening scaffoldings on walls
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G5/00—Component parts or accessories for scaffolds
- E04G2005/008—Hoisting devices specially adapted as part of a scaffold system
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-rise building dismantling process, which belongs to the technical field of building construction and comprises the following steps: s1, preparing construction; s2, construction structure construction: the method comprises the steps that an internal supporting structure is built, the internal supporting structure comprises a top truss and a plurality of supporting columns, the supporting columns are distributed on the periphery of a high-rise building to be disassembled, the tops of the supporting columns are supported and connected with the top truss, and each supporting column can ascend or descend; the outer wall climbing frame structure is built, the outer wall climbing frame structure is connected with the supporting upright posts in a sliding manner through crawling wheel groups, and a corridor bridge is further connected between every two crawling wheel groups; s3, dismantling: cutting and crushing the wall body by adopting an ultrahigh-pressure water gun, and removing the high-rise building layer by layer; s4, material recovery treatment. The invention effectively reduces noise and dust pollution in the dismantling process by means of the enclosing effect of the safety net of the outer wall climbing frame structure; meanwhile, a pattern is sprayed on the shielding object, so that the building groups are coordinated and unified.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building construction, and mainly relates to a high-rise building dismantling process.
Background
With the rapid development of urbanization, high-rise buildings are more and more, and the actual demands are gradually exceeded, so that the high-rise buildings need to be dismantled. High-rise buildings are mostly built in downtown areas, and the surrounding environment is influenced when the high-rise buildings are dismantled. The common method for dismantling the high-rise building mainly comprises the following steps: blasting, mechanical demolition and manual demolition. The blasting method utilizes the high temperature and high pressure generated by the explosive at the moment of blasting to destroy the building, and the method generally needs government leading, has simple surrounding environment and is not suitable for places with small coordination difficulty in downtown areas. The mechanical demolition method generally adopts a long-arm demolition machine, is more used, but is mainly applied to demolition of middle-low buildings. The manual dismantling method mainly relies on common dismantling tools such as steel drills, hammers, air drills, lever blocks, steel wire ropes and the like to manually dismantle walls, steel bars and the like.
In the prior art, as disclosed in chinese patent publication No. CN113175239a, a high-rise building dismantling device is provided, which includes a base disposed around the periphery of a building, a plurality of support rods disposed on the base, an installation platform disposed between the plurality of support rods, and a building dismantling unit disposed on the installation platform; the support rods are formed by carrying a plurality of standard joints in sequence, and climbing joint groups are arranged on the support rods; the installation platform is arranged on the periphery of the building in a surrounding mode, a fixed guide rail is arranged on the installation platform, and the building dismantling unit is arranged on the fixed guide rail in a directional sliding mode; the installation platform is provided with a control room, and the control room is electrically connected with the climbing section group and the building dismantling unit. The high-rise building dismantling device provides a certain solution for the dismantling difficulty of the high-rise building, but the feasibility of the dismantling scheme is not high, noise and dust are unavoidably generated in the dismantling process, and the influence on the living environment of surrounding residents cannot be reduced.
Therefore, for demolishing high-rise buildings in downtown, especially higher high-rise buildings, under the condition that large-scale machines are not allowed to go upstairs, the peripheral buildings are many, the machine demolishing and blasting demolishing cannot be applicable, and the demolishing is quiet and safe on the premise of not affecting other people.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the related art, the invention provides a high-rise building dismantling process, and by the design of the dismantling process and the device, the dismantling noise can be reduced, and the influence of dismantling the high-rise building in the downtown can be reduced.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: a process for demolishing a high-rise building, comprising the steps of:
S1, construction preparation: construction plan formulation including, but not limited to, technical preparation, material preparation, and job site preparation;
s2, construction structure construction:
The internal supporting structure is built and comprises a top truss and a plurality of supporting columns, wherein the top truss is formed by assembling a transverse unit truss and a longitudinal unit truss to form a space truss system, the supporting columns are distributed on the periphery of a high-rise building to be disassembled, the tops of the supporting columns are supported and connected with the top truss, the bottoms of the supporting columns are fixed on a foundation of the high-rise building to be disassembled, and each supporting column can synchronously ascend or descend along the vertical direction;
The building method comprises the steps that an outer wall climbing frame structure is built, the height of the outer wall climbing frame structure is 3-4 times of the floor height of a high-rise building to be disassembled, the outer wall climbing frame structure is supported and fixed by a top truss, crawling wheel groups are arranged on the lower periphery of the outer wall climbing frame structure and form detachable sliding connection with supporting columns respectively, a gallery bridge is connected between every two crawling wheel groups and synchronously acts along with the outer wall climbing frame structure, a safety net is arranged on the side wall of the outer wall climbing frame structure, a shielding object is connected to the outer side of the safety net, and patterns identical to the outer elevation of the high-rise building to be disassembled are sprayed on the surface of the shielding object;
S3, dismantling: manufacturing a dismantling tool, manually dismantling the high-rise building layer by layer, dismantling the building according to the sequence of the floor slab, the secondary beam, the main beam and the columns, and cutting the smashed wall body by adopting an ultrahigh-pressure water gun in the dismantling process;
S4, material recovery treatment: the crushed materials are classified by a crushed material classifying device and then are transported to downstairs for treatment.
According to the invention, the outer wall climbing frame structure is built on the top truss of the high-rise building to be disassembled, the inner supporting structure is used for jacking the outer wall climbing frame structure, the lower periphery of the outer wall climbing frame structure and the supporting upright posts are respectively in detachable sliding connection and are connected in pairs through the gallery bridge, and the outer wall climbing frame structure is suitable for a large-span frame structure, so that the outer wall climbing frame structure is not easy to scatter, and has strong load resistance and high safety; by arranging the outer wall climbing frame structure, on one hand, noise and dust pollution in the dismantling process of the high-rise building can be effectively reduced by means of the enclosing effect of the outer wall climbing frame structure safety net; on the other hand, the same pattern as the outer facade of the high-rise building to be dismantled is sprayed and painted on the shielding object, so that the building groups are coordinated and unified, and the influence of the dismantling engineering on surrounding residents is reduced to the greatest extent.
As a further improvement of the scheme, each supporting upright post comprises a plurality of supporting units which are detachably connected, each supporting unit is connected end to end along the vertical direction, and each supporting upright post can be detached by a corresponding number according to the detached layer height of the high-rise building;
The support units at the tops of the support columns are connected with support frames in a sliding manner, the support columns are connected with the top trusses through the support frames to drive the top trusses to ascend or descend along the vertical direction, and the side walls of the support columns are provided with hydraulic lifting devices for driving the support frames to ascend or descend;
It should be noted that, this high-rise building demolishs technology top-down operation, along with high-rise building layer by layer disassembles, and each support stand can dismantle the supporting unit of corresponding quantity according to the layer height that high-rise building demolishd, and is nimble convenient, and application scope is wide.
As a further improvement of the scheme, the top truss is formed by mutually and vertically welding transverse unit trusses and longitudinal unit trusses, the distance range of every two transverse unit trusses is 0.1-0.25 of the whole transverse width dimension of the top truss, and the distance range of every two longitudinal unit trusses is 0.2-0.35 of the whole longitudinal width dimension of the top truss;
The support frames of the support columns are connected and fastened with a space truss system consisting of transverse unit trusses and longitudinal unit trusses through bolts, 8.8-level high-strength check bolts are adopted at each joint, and the maximum deflection of the support columns is not more than 30mm;
in order to ensure smooth operation of demolishing high-rise buildings, the top truss and the supporting upright posts are used for constructing an internal supporting structure, a space frame system is formed at the periphery of the high-rise building to be demolished, the construction of the peripheral scaffold of the high-rise building is optimized, the stability of the internal supporting structure is improved, and potential safety hazards such as fracture loosening and the like are prevented in the demolishing process.
As a further improvement of the above proposal, the outer wall climbing frame structure comprises a cover plate and an outer wall cover plate, the outer wall cover plate extends vertically downwards along the peripheral edge of the cover plate and partially encloses the outer wall of the high-rise building to be disassembled,
The inner wall of the outer wall cover plate is provided with the safety net, the safety net comprises a base layer, a sound insulation layer and a wear-resistant layer, the base layer is formed by braiding a plurality of steel wires into a net shape, and the diameter size range of each steel wire is 3-5 mm;
the sound insulation layer is made of polyurethane foam, the sound insulation layer is provided with a groove which is matched with the reticular base layer, the reticular base layer is embedded and fixed in the groove, and the thickness range of the sound insulation layer is 100-250 mm;
The wear-resistant layer is a galvanized metal plate, a plurality of raised strips extending along the vertical direction are arranged on the surface of the metal plate, and the thickness range of the metal plate is 15-22 mm;
It should be noted that, for demolishing high-rise buildings in downtown, especially for higher high-rise buildings, how to demolish quietly and safely without affecting other people becomes a great difficulty; further, the outer wall climbing frame structure with the safety net is arranged, and the outer wall of the high-rise building to be disassembled is partially enclosed, so that noise and dust pollution in the disassembling operation process can be effectively reduced.
As the further improvement of above scheme, the outer wall climbs the wheelset of crawling on the frame construction exterior wall cover plate and the quantity correspondence setting of support post, is equipped with the direction slide rail on each support post, the frame construction is climbed through crawling wheelset and direction slide rail one-to-one to by each support post synchronous drive rising or decline.
As a further improvement of the scheme, the dismantling tool comprises a bracket and a dismantling component on the bracket,
The support is fixedly arranged on the lower end face of the top truss and comprises a cross beam, longitudinal guide rails are respectively arranged at two ends of the cross beam, the cross beam can move along the extending direction of the longitudinal guide rails, and a first driving device for driving the cross beam to move is further arranged at the beginning end or the tail end of the longitudinal guide rails;
the dismantling assembly is hoisted on the cross beam and can slide along the extending direction of the cross beam, the dismantling assembly comprises an ultrahigh pressure water gun, a heavy hammer or a lifting hook, and a second driving device for driving the dismantling assembly to slide is arranged on the cross beam;
The gallery bridge is of a frame structure, a control chamber is arranged on the gallery bridge, and the control chamber controls the first driving device and the second driving device to act;
It is to be noted that setting up dedicated frock of demolishing and manually demolishing high-rise building layer by layer, can effectively improve the efficiency of demolishing construction operation, simultaneously, adopts the cutting of super high pressure squirt to smash the wall body, guarantees high-rise building demolishs operation safe and reliable, and low noise, little pollution satisfy the demand that high-rise building was demolishd in the downtown.
As a further improvement of the scheme, the ultrahigh-pressure water gun comprises a roller assembly and a spraying device, wherein a transverse guide rail is arranged on the cross beam and is in sliding connection with the roller assembly, and the roller assembly is in driving connection with the second driving device;
the device comprises a roller assembly, a spraying device, a traction chain, a spraying device and a lifting device, wherein the roller assembly is arranged on the upper surface of the roller assembly, the spraying device is connected with the roller assembly in a fixed angle, and the spraying device is connected with the traction chain in a swinging way and can ascend or descend along the vertical direction through the traction chain;
As a further improvement of the scheme, the spraying device comprises a spraying pipe, a supercharger and a liquid storage tank, wherein the input end of the supercharger is connected with the liquid storage tank through a pipeline, the output end of the supercharger is communicated with the spraying pipe, liquid in the liquid storage tank is sucked through negative pressure in the supercharger, and the liquid is sprayed outwards from the spraying pipe after being supercharged;
the connection part of the spraying device and the traction chain is provided with a swinging mechanism, the swinging mechanism comprises a first swinging arm connected with the traction chain and a second swinging arm connected with the spraying device, the first swinging arm and the second swinging arm are mutually hinged, and a third driving device for driving the second swinging arm to swing left and right around a hinge point is arranged at the hinge part; the angle of the left-right swing of the second swing arm around the hinge point is +/-35 degrees;
in order to ensure the comprehensiveness and safety of the dismantling operation, the spraying device and the traction chain are arranged to form swing connection with a fixed angle, so that the flexibility of the spraying device in dismantling high-rise buildings can be effectively ensured, and the spraying device can be controlled to spray towards any angle and any position for dismantling construction.
As a further improvement of the scheme, the crushed aggregates classifying device is arranged on the gallery bridge and comprises a conveying belt, the front section of the conveying belt is provided with a scanning device, two sides of the middle section of the conveying belt are provided with a plurality of aggregate boxes, each aggregate box is connected with the conveying belt through an allocation branch, the tail end of the rear section of the conveying belt is communicated with a material guide pipeline, the material guide pipeline extends from the gallery bridge to the ground in a curve shape, the conveying belt is provided with a plurality of allocation mechanisms at intervals along the conveying direction, each allocation mechanism comprises a rotating motor and an allocation baffle, an output shaft of the rotating motor is in driving connection with the allocation baffle, the rotating motor controls the allocation baffle to rotate through the rotation of the output shaft, and the crushed aggregates are guided to the corresponding aggregate boxes;
the scanning device is internally provided with a database, the crushed aggregates on the conveying belt are identified through scanning, the crushed aggregates are compared with the database to identify the classification of the crushed aggregates, the action of the distributing mechanism is controlled, the crushed aggregates are guided to corresponding collecting boxes corresponding to distributing branches on the communicating/sealing conveying belt, and the rest crushed aggregates slide down to the building along with the conveying belt to the material guide pipeline for processing;
It should be noted that, the state of the present stage advocates energy-concerving and environment-protective, through setting up crushed aggregates sorter, carry out quick classification to the crushed aggregates after being convenient for demolish floor, secondary beam, girder, post and wall, improve the recovery regeneration utilization ratio of crushed aggregates, effectively reduce the resource loss.
As a further improvement of the scheme, the vertical conveying device further comprises a vertical conveying device, wherein the vertical conveying device comprises a frame, vertical guide rails are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the frame along the extending direction, the vertical conveying device further comprises a left sliding frame and a right sliding frame which are in sliding connection with the vertical guide rails, when the left sliding frame ascends, the right sliding frame descends, when the left sliding frame descends, the right sliding frame correspondingly ascends, and a fourth driving device for driving the left sliding frame and the right sliding frame to act is arranged on the top of the frame;
It should be noted that, in the process of high-rise building, staff, materials and tools need to rise/drop frequently, and energy consumption is great, further, set up vertical conveying device, when left side frame rises, drop right side frame in step, and in the concrete application, staff rises the in-process, can drop the material that needs to be transported, improves transportation efficiency, reduces energy consumption.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The method can be applied to demolishing operation of high-rise buildings in downtown, an inner supporting structure is built through the top truss and the supporting upright post, a space frame system is formed at the periphery of the high-rise building to be demolished, meanwhile, the stability of the inner supporting structure is optimized, potential safety hazards such as fracture loosening and the like are prevented from being generated in the demolishing process, the high-rise building is demolished layer by layer from top to bottom, the difficulty of coordination with the periphery is low, and the demolishing operation efficiency is high;
(2) Building an outer wall climbing frame structure on a top truss of a high-rise building to be disassembled, jacking the outer wall climbing frame structure by an inner supporting structure, wherein the lower periphery of the outer wall climbing frame structure and supporting columns form detachable sliding connection respectively and are connected in pairs through gallery bridges, so that the outer wall climbing frame structure is suitable for a large-span frame structure, and is not easy to scatter, high in load resistance and high in safety; by arranging the outer wall climbing frame structure, on one hand, noise and dust pollution in the dismantling process of the high-rise building can be effectively reduced by means of the enclosing effect of the outer wall climbing frame structure safety net; on the other hand, the same pattern as the outer facade of the high-rise building to be dismantled is sprayed on the shielding object, so that the building groups are coordinated and unified, and the influence of the dismantling engineering on surrounding residents is reduced to the greatest extent;
(3) The special dismantling tool is arranged to manually dismantle the high-rise building layer by layer, and the dismantling construction is carried out according to the sequence of the floor slab, the secondary beam, the main beam and the columns, so that the construction efficiency is high; meanwhile, the ultrahigh-pressure water gun is adopted to cut and crush the wall, so that the safety and reliability of the demolishing operation of the high-rise building are ensured, the noise is low, the pollution is less, and the demolishing requirement of the high-rise building in the downtown is met;
(4) Through setting up crushed aggregates sorter, be convenient for demolish floor, secondary beam, girder, post and wall after carry out quick classification to the crushed aggregates to transport to the processing under the building through vertical conveyor, guide pipeline, split operation is very high-efficient reliable, and application prospect is fairly showing.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic construction diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of another perspective of the construction structure construction of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the removal tool of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the ultra-high pressure water gun of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the crushed aggregates classifying device according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a vertical transport apparatus according to the present invention;
Reference numerals:
1. an internal support structure; 11. a support column; 12. a top truss; 121. a transverse cell truss; 122. a longitudinal cell truss;
2. an outer wall climbing frame structure; 2a, cover plate; 2b, an outer wall cover plate; 21. a crawling wheel set; 22. a gallery bridge; 23. a safety net; 24. a shade;
3. dismantling the assembly; z1, a bracket; 3a, a cross beam; 3b, longitudinal guide rails; q1, a first driving device;
4. an ultrahigh pressure water gun; 41. a transverse guide rail; 42. a roller assembly; 43. a spraying device; 431. a spray pipe; 432. a supercharger; 44. a drag chain; 45. a swinging mechanism; 451. a first swing arm; 452. a second swing arm; q2, a second driving device; q3, a third driving device;
5. A vertical conveying device; 51. a frame; 52a, left skid; 52b, right skid; 53a, left clamping slide; 53b, right clamping slide; 54. a belt; q4, a fourth driving device;
6. a crushed aggregates classifying device; 61. a conveyor belt; 62. a scanning device; 63. allocating branches; 64. an allocating mechanism;
t1, a material guide pipeline; and T2, collecting box.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, a process for demolishing a high-rise building includes the steps of:
S1, construction preparation: construction plan formulation including, but not limited to, technical preparation, material preparation, and job site preparation;
s2, construction structure construction:
The internal support structure 1 is built, the internal support structure 1 comprises a top truss 12 and a plurality of support columns 11, in the embodiment, each support column 11 comprises a plurality of support units which are detachably connected, each support unit is connected end to end along the vertical direction, and each support column 11 can be detached to a corresponding number of support units according to the detached layer height of the high-rise building;
The supporting units at the tops of the supporting columns 11 are connected with supporting frames in a sliding manner, the supporting columns 11 are connected with top trusses 12 through the supporting frames to drive the top trusses 12 to ascend or descend along the vertical direction, and the side walls of the supporting columns 11 are provided with hydraulic lifting devices (not labeled in the figure) for driving the supporting frames to ascend or descend;
the hydraulic lifting device (not shown) comprises a hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic push rod, the hydraulic push rod is fixedly connected with the support frame, and the hydraulic cylinder provides power for the telescopic action of the hydraulic push rod so as to drive the support frame to lift.
Specifically, the top truss 12 is assembled by a transverse unit truss 121 and a longitudinal unit truss 122 to form a space truss system, in this embodiment, the top truss 12 is formed by welding the transverse unit truss 121 and the longitudinal unit truss 122 perpendicularly to each other, the spacing range of every two transverse unit trusses 121 is 0.1-0.25 of the overall transverse width dimension of the top truss 12, and the spacing range of every two longitudinal unit trusses 122 is 0.2-0.35 of the overall longitudinal width dimension of the top truss 12;
The support frames of the support columns 11 are connected and fastened with a space truss system consisting of a transverse unit truss 121 and a longitudinal unit truss 122 through bolts, 8.8-level high-strength check bolts are adopted at each joint, and the maximum deflection of the support columns 11 is not more than 30mm; in order to ensure smooth operation of demolishing high-rise, the top truss 12 and the supporting upright posts 11 are used for constructing the internal supporting structure 1, a space frame system is formed at the periphery of the high-rise building to be demolished, the construction of the peripheral scaffold of the high-rise building is optimized, the stability of the internal supporting structure 1 is improved, and potential safety hazards such as fracture loosening and the like are prevented in the demolishing process.
The supporting columns 11 are distributed on the periphery of the high-rise building to be disassembled, the tops of the supporting columns 11 are supported and connected with the top truss 12, the bottoms of the supporting columns 11 are fixed on the foundation of the high-rise building to be disassembled, and each supporting column 11 can synchronously ascend or descend along the vertical direction;
the outer wall climbing frame structure 2 is built, the height of the outer wall climbing frame structure 2 is 3-4 times of the floor height of the high-rise building to be disassembled, in the embodiment, the outer wall climbing frame structure 2 comprises a cover plate 2a and an outer wall cover plate 2b, and the outer wall cover plate 2b vertically extends downwards along the peripheral edge of the cover plate 2a and partially encloses the outer wall of the high-rise building to be disassembled;
The outer wall climbing frame structure 2 is supported and fixed by the top truss 12, the lower periphery of the outer wall climbing frame structure 2 is provided with a crawling wheel set 21, detachable sliding connection is formed between the crawling wheel sets 21 and the supporting columns 11 respectively, a gallery bridge 22 is further connected between every two crawling wheel sets 21, the outer wall climbing frame structure 2 synchronously acts, specifically, the crawling wheel sets 21 on the outer wall cover plate 2b of the outer wall climbing frame structure 2 are correspondingly arranged with the number of the supporting columns 11, each supporting column 11 is provided with a guiding sliding rail, and the outer wall climbing frame structure 2 is matched with the guiding sliding rails one by one through the crawling wheel sets 21 and is synchronously driven to ascend or descend by each supporting column 11.
It should be noted that, the demolishing process of the high-rise building is operated from top to bottom, along with the demolishing of the high-rise building layer by layer, when the demolishing of 1-2 layers of heights, the hydraulic lifting device can be correspondingly operated to drive the supporting frame to gradually descend, the crawling wheel set 21 synchronously slides down along the extending direction of the supporting upright posts 11 to drive the top truss 12 to descend by 1-2 layers of heights along the vertical direction, when the demolishing operation is carried out to the 3 rd-4 th layer, each supporting upright post 11 can demolish a corresponding number of supporting units according to the demolishing layer height of the high-rise building, so that the cyclic action is adopted, the demolishing of the high-rise building is convenient, and the demolishing process of the high-rise building can be applied to the demolishing operation of the high-rise building in the downtown.
The side wall of the outer wall climbing frame structure 2 is provided with a safety net 23, a shielding object 24 is connected to the outside of the safety net 23, and the surface of the shielding object 24 is sprayed with patterns identical to the outer elevation of the high-rise building to be disassembled;
in this embodiment, the inner wall of the outer wall cover plate 2b is provided with the safety net 23, the safety net 23 includes a base layer, a sound insulation layer and a wear-resistant layer, the base layer is woven into a net shape by a plurality of steel wires, and the diameter size of each steel wire ranges from 3 mm to 5mm;
the sound insulation layer is made of polyurethane foam, the sound insulation layer is provided with a groove which is matched with the reticular base layer, the reticular base layer is embedded and fixed in the groove, and the thickness range of the sound insulation layer is 100-250 mm;
The wear-resistant layer is a galvanized metal plate, a plurality of raised strips extending along the vertical direction are arranged on the surface of the metal plate, and the thickness range of the metal plate is 15-22 mm;
It should be noted that, for demolishing high-rise buildings in downtown, especially for higher high-rise buildings, how to demolish quietly and safely without affecting other people becomes a great difficulty; further, the outer wall climbing frame structure 2 with the safety net 23 is arranged, and the outer wall of the high-rise building to be disassembled is partially enclosed, so that noise and dust pollution in the disassembling operation process can be effectively reduced.
S3, dismantling: manufacturing a dismantling tool, manually dismantling the high-rise building layer by layer, dismantling the building according to the sequence of the floor slab, the secondary beam, the main beam and the columns, and cutting and crushing the wall body by adopting an ultrahigh-pressure water gun 4 in the dismantling process;
In this embodiment, the dismantling tool comprises a bracket Z1 and a dismantling component 3 on the bracket Z1,
The bracket Z1 is fixedly arranged on the lower end face of the top truss 12 and comprises a cross beam 3a, longitudinal guide rails 3b are respectively erected at two ends of the cross beam 3a, the cross beam 3a can move along the extending direction of the longitudinal guide rails 3b, and a first driving device Q1 for driving the cross beam 3a to move is further arranged at the beginning end or the tail end of the longitudinal guide rails 3 b;
In this embodiment, two ends of the cross beam 3a are slidably connected with two longitudinal guide rails 3b, the beginning end and the end of the longitudinal guide rails 3b are respectively provided with a sprocket, the sprockets are axially fixed and are arranged on the longitudinal guide rails 3b in a form of rotating along the circumferential direction, the sprockets are connected with the sprockets in a winding manner through chains, meanwhile, two ends of the cross beam 3a are fixedly connected with the chains on the two longitudinal guide rails 3b respectively, the first driving device Q1 is a rotating motor and is connected with one of the sprockets in a driving manner, and when the rotating motor runs, the sprocket is driven to rotate so as to drive the chains wound between the sprockets to slide reciprocally, and the cross beam 3a is driven by the chains to reciprocate along the longitudinal guide rails 3 b.
The dismantling assembly 3 is hoisted on a cross beam 3a and can slide along the extending direction of the cross beam 3a, the dismantling assembly comprises an ultrahigh pressure water gun 4 and a heavy hammer or a lifting hook, and a second driving device Q2 for driving the dismantling assembly 3 to slide is arranged on the cross beam 3 a;
The gallery bridge 22 is of a frame structure, a control room is arranged on the gallery bridge 22, and the control room controls the first driving device Q1 and the second driving device Q2 to act;
It is to be noted that, set up dedicated frock of demolishing and manually demolish the high-rise building layer by layer, can effectively improve the efficiency of demolishing construction operation, simultaneously, adopt super high pressure squirt 4 cutting to smash the wall body, guarantee high-rise building demolishment operation safe and reliable, low noise, little pollution, satisfy the demand that high-rise building was demolishd in the downtown.
In this embodiment, the ultra-high pressure water gun 4 includes a roller assembly 42 and a spraying device 43, a transverse guide rail 41 is disposed on the cross beam 3a, the transverse guide rail 41 is slidably connected with the roller assembly 42, and the roller assembly 42 is in driving connection with the second driving device Q2;
The roller assembly 42 includes a driving wheel and at least two driven wheels, the two driven wheels are located on the same horizontal plane, specifically, the driving wheel is located on a lower end surface of the transverse guide rail 41, the two driven wheels are located on an upper end surface of the transverse guide rail 41, the driving wheel and the driven wheels jointly clamp the transverse guide rail 41, the driving wheel is in driving connection with the second driving device Q2, the second driving device Q2 includes a rotating motor, and the roller assembly 42 is correspondingly controlled to slide left and right through forward rotation/reverse rotation of the rotating motor.
The device further comprises a traction chain 44, wherein one end of the traction chain 44 is fixedly connected with the roller assembly 42, the other end of the traction chain is connected to the spraying device 43, the spraying device 43 and the traction chain 44 form a swinging connection capable of fixing an angle, and the traction chain 44 can ascend or descend along the vertical direction;
In this embodiment, the spraying device 43 includes a spraying pipe 431, a booster 432, and a liquid storage tank (not labeled in the figure), where an input end of the booster 432 is connected to the liquid storage tank through a pipeline, and an output end of the booster 432 is connected to the spraying pipe 431, so that the liquid in the liquid storage tank is sucked by negative pressure in the booster 432, and is sprayed out from the spraying pipe 431 after being boosted;
The connection part of the spraying device 43 and the traction chain 44 is provided with a swinging mechanism 45, the swinging mechanism 45 comprises a first swinging arm 451 connected with the traction chain 44 and a second swinging arm 452 connected with the spraying device 43, the two swinging arms are mutually hinged, and a third driving device Q3 for driving the second swinging arm 452 to swing left and right around a hinge point is arranged at the hinge part; the angle of the left-right swing of the second swing arm 452 around the hinge point is +/-35 degrees;
In this embodiment, the third driving device Q3 includes a rotating motor, and is in driving connection with the second swing arm 452, and correspondingly controls the second swing arm 452 to swing around the hinge point by rotating the rotating motor, so as to ensure the overall and safety of the dismantling operation, and the injection device 43 and the traction chain 44 are arranged to form a swing connection with a fixable angle, so that the flexibility of the injection device 43 in dismantling a high-rise building can be effectively ensured, and the injection device 43 can be controlled to perform injection dismantling construction towards any angle and position.
S4, material recovery treatment: the crushed materials are classified by a crushed material classifying device 6 and then transported to downstairs for treatment.
In this embodiment, the crushed aggregates classifying device 6 is disposed on the corridor bridge 22, and includes a conveying belt 61, a scanning device 62 is disposed at a front section of the conveying belt 61, a plurality of aggregate boxes T2 are distributed on two sides of a middle section of the conveying belt 61, each aggregate box T2 is connected to the conveying belt 61 through a distributing branch 63, a rear end of the conveying belt 61 is communicated to a material guiding pipeline T1, the material guiding pipeline T1 extends in an arc shape from the corridor bridge 22 to the ground, the conveying belt 61 is provided with a plurality of distributing mechanisms 64 at intervals along a conveying direction thereof, the distributing mechanisms 64 include a rotating motor and distributing baffles, an output shaft of the rotating motor is in driving connection with the distributing baffles, the rotating motor controls the distributing baffles to rotate through rotation of the output shaft, and guides the crushed aggregates to the corresponding aggregate boxes T2;
The scanning device 62 is internally provided with a database, the crushed aggregates on the conveyor belt 61 are identified through scanning, and compared with the database to identify crushed aggregates for classification, the action of the distributing mechanism 64 is controlled, the crushed aggregates are guided to corresponding aggregate boxes T2 corresponding to distributing branches 63 on the communicating/sealing conveyor belt 61, and the rest crushed aggregates are conveyed to the material guide pipeline T1 along with the conveyor belt 61 and slide down to the building for treatment; it should be noted that, the state of the present stage advocates energy-concerving and environment-protective, through setting up crushed aggregates sorter 6, be convenient for demolish floor, secondary beam, girder, post and wall after carry out quick classification to the crushed aggregates, improve the recycle rate of crushed aggregates, effectively reduce the resource loss.
In the embodiment, the device also comprises a vertical conveying device 5, the vertical conveying device 5 comprises a frame 51, vertical guide rails are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the frame 51 along the extending direction, a left sliding frame 52a and a right sliding frame 52b which are in sliding connection with the vertical guide rails are also included,
Specifically, the frame 51 is provided with a chute extending along a vertical direction, the left sliding frame 52a and the right sliding frame 52b are correspondingly provided with a left clamping sliding seat 53a and a right clamping sliding seat 53b which are in sliding connection with the chute, the left clamping sliding seat 53a and the right clamping sliding seat 53b are respectively and fixedly connected with the left sliding frame 52a and the right sliding frame 52b, the top of the frame 51 is provided with a fourth driving device Q4 for driving the left sliding frame 52a and the right sliding frame 52b to act, an output shaft of the fourth driving device Q4 is in driving connection with an active belt 54 wheel, the active belt 54 wheel is wound on a belt 54, one end of the belt 54 is fixedly connected with the left clamping sliding seat 53a, the other end of the belt 54 is fixedly connected with the right clamping sliding seat 53b, and the right sliding frame 52b is lowered when the left sliding frame 52a is lifted, and when the left sliding frame 52a is lowered, the right sliding frame 52b is correspondingly lifted, the operator, materials and tools need to frequently lift and lower in the high-rise/lower in the process, the energy consumption is relatively high, and the left sliding frame 52b is further lowered in the vertical setting and the device 52b is synchronously.
When the device is particularly applied, in the ascending process of workers, materials to be transported can be lowered, and the transportation efficiency is improved; or, when the collection box T2 is fully filled with recovered crushed aggregates, the collection box T2 can be placed on the left sliding frame 52a, the liquid storage tank which needs to be lifted is placed on the right sliding frame 52b, the fourth driving device Q4 is started, the collection box T2 is lowered, and meanwhile, the liquid storage tank is lifted and used for cutting operation of the ultrahigh-pressure water gun 4, so that the energy utilization rate is effectively improved.
Through the explanation of the scheme, in specific application, the dismantling process can be applied to the dismantling operation of the high-rise building in downtown, the internal supporting structure 1 is built through the top truss 12 and the supporting upright posts 11, a space frame system is formed at the periphery of the high-rise building to be dismantled, meanwhile, the stability of the internal supporting structure 1 is optimized, potential safety hazards such as fracture and loosening are prevented from being generated in the dismantling process, the high-rise building is dismantled layer by layer from top to bottom, the difficulty of coordination with the periphery is low, and the dismantling operation efficiency is high; meanwhile, by arranging the outer wall climbing frame structure 2, on one hand, the noise and dust pollution in the dismantling process of the high-rise building can be effectively reduced by the enclosing effect of the safety net 23 of the outer wall climbing frame structure 2; on the other hand, the same pattern as the outer facade of the high-rise building to be dismantled is sprayed on the shielding object 24, so that the building groups are coordinated and unified, and the influence of the dismantling engineering on surrounding residents is reduced to the greatest extent.
Variations and modifications to the above would be obvious to persons skilled in the art to which the invention pertains from the foregoing description and teachings. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, but some modifications and changes of the invention should be also included in the scope of the claims of the invention. In addition, although specific terms are used in the present specification, these terms are for convenience of description only and do not limit the present invention in any way.
Claims (6)
1. The process for dismantling the high-rise building is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
S1, construction preparation: construction plan formulation including, but not limited to, technical preparation, material preparation, and job site preparation;
s2, construction structure construction:
The internal supporting structure is built and comprises a top truss and a plurality of supporting columns, wherein the top truss is formed by assembling a transverse unit truss and a longitudinal unit truss to form a space truss system, the supporting columns are distributed on the periphery of a high-rise building to be disassembled, the tops of the supporting columns are supported and connected with the top truss, the bottoms of the supporting columns are fixed on a foundation of the high-rise building to be disassembled, and each supporting column can synchronously ascend or descend along the vertical direction;
Each supporting upright post comprises a plurality of supporting units which are detachably connected, each supporting unit is connected end to end along the vertical direction, and each supporting upright post can be detached by a corresponding number of supporting units according to the detached layer height of the high-rise building;
The support units at the tops of the support columns are connected with support frames in a sliding manner, the support columns are connected with the top trusses through the support frames to drive the top trusses to ascend or descend along the vertical direction, and the side walls of the support columns are provided with hydraulic lifting devices for driving the support frames to ascend or descend;
The building method comprises the steps that an outer wall climbing frame structure is built, the height of the outer wall climbing frame structure is 3-4 times of the floor height of a high-rise building to be disassembled, the outer wall climbing frame structure is supported and fixed by a top truss, crawling wheel groups are arranged on the lower periphery of the outer wall climbing frame structure and form detachable sliding connection with supporting columns respectively, a gallery bridge is connected between every two crawling wheel groups and synchronously acts along with the outer wall climbing frame structure, a safety net is arranged on the side wall of the outer wall climbing frame structure, a shielding object is connected to the outer side of the safety net, and patterns identical to the outer elevation of the high-rise building to be disassembled are sprayed on the surface of the shielding object;
The outer wall climbing frame structure is characterized in that crawling wheel groups on an outer wall cover plate of the outer wall climbing frame structure are arranged in a corresponding mode with the number of the supporting columns, guide sliding rails are arranged on the supporting columns, the outer wall climbing frame structure is matched with the guide sliding rails one by one through the crawling wheel groups, and the supporting columns synchronously drive the outer wall climbing frame structure to ascend or descend;
S3, dismantling: manufacturing a dismantling tool, manually dismantling the high-rise building layer by layer, dismantling the building according to the sequence of the floor slab, the secondary beam, the main beam and the columns, and cutting the smashed wall body by adopting an ultrahigh-pressure water gun in the dismantling process;
The dismantling tool comprises a bracket and a dismantling assembly on the bracket,
The support is fixedly arranged on the lower end face of the top truss and comprises a cross beam, longitudinal guide rails are respectively arranged at two ends of the cross beam, the cross beam can move along the extending direction of the longitudinal guide rails, and a first driving device for driving the cross beam to move is further arranged at the beginning end or the tail end of the longitudinal guide rails;
the dismantling assembly is hoisted on the cross beam and can slide along the extending direction of the cross beam, the dismantling assembly comprises an ultrahigh pressure water gun, a heavy hammer or a lifting hook, and a second driving device for driving the dismantling assembly to slide is arranged on the cross beam;
The gallery bridge is of a frame structure, a control chamber is arranged on the gallery bridge, and the control chamber controls the first driving device and the second driving device to act;
The ultrahigh-pressure water gun comprises a spraying device, wherein the spraying device comprises a spraying pipe, a supercharger and a liquid storage tank, the input end of the supercharger is connected with the liquid storage tank through a pipeline, the output end of the supercharger is communicated with the spraying pipe, liquid in the liquid storage tank is sucked through negative pressure in the supercharger, and the liquid is sprayed outwards from the spraying pipe after being supercharged;
S4, material recovery treatment: classifying the crushed materials by a crushed material classifying device and then conveying the classified materials to downstairs for treatment; the crushed aggregates classifying device is arranged on the gallery bridge and comprises a conveying belt, a scanning device is arranged at the front section of the conveying belt, a plurality of aggregate boxes are distributed on two sides of the middle section of the conveying belt, and each aggregate box is connected with the conveying belt through an allocation branch;
the vertical conveying device comprises a frame, vertical guide rails are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the frame along the extending direction, the vertical conveying device further comprises a left sliding frame and a right sliding frame which are in sliding connection with the vertical guide rails, when the left sliding frame ascends, the right sliding frame descends, when the left sliding frame descends, the right sliding frame correspondingly ascends, and a fourth driving device for driving the left sliding frame and the right sliding frame to act is arranged at the top of the frame;
During the ascending process of the staff, when the material collecting box is filled with recovered crushed aggregates, the material collecting box is arranged on the left sliding frame, the liquid storage tank which needs to ascend is arranged on the right sliding frame, the fourth driving device is started, the material collecting box is lowered, and meanwhile, the liquid storage tank is lifted for cutting operation of the ultra-high pressure water gun.
2. The process for dismantling high-rise buildings according to claim 1, wherein the top truss is formed by mutually and perpendicularly welding transverse unit trusses and longitudinal unit trusses, the distance between every two transverse unit trusses ranges from 0.1 to 0.25 of the whole transverse width dimension of the top truss, and the distance between every two longitudinal unit trusses ranges from 0.2 to 0.35 of the whole longitudinal width dimension of the top truss;
The support frames of the support columns are connected and fastened with a space truss system consisting of the transverse unit trusses and the longitudinal unit trusses through bolts, 8.8-level high-strength check bolts are adopted at each connecting position, and the maximum deflection of the support columns is not more than 30mm.
3. The demolition process of high-rise building according to claim 1, wherein the outer wall climbing frame structure comprises a cover plate and an outer wall cover plate, the outer wall cover plate extends vertically downward along an outer peripheral edge of the cover plate and partially encloses an outer wall of the high-rise building to be demolished,
The inner wall of the outer wall cover plate is provided with the safety net, the safety net comprises a base layer, a sound insulation layer and a wear-resistant layer, the base layer is formed by braiding a plurality of steel wires into a net shape, and the diameter size range of each steel wire is 3-5 mm;
the sound insulation layer is made of polyurethane foam, the sound insulation layer is provided with a groove which is matched with the reticular base layer, the reticular base layer is embedded and fixed in the groove, and the thickness range of the sound insulation layer is 100-250 mm;
The wear-resisting layer is a galvanized metal plate, a plurality of raised strips extending along the vertical direction are arranged on the surface of the metal plate, and the thickness range of the metal plate is 15-22 mm.
4. The process for demolishing a high-rise building according to claim 1, wherein the ultra-high pressure water gun further comprises a roller assembly, a transverse guide rail is arranged on the cross beam, the roller assembly is connected with the transverse guide rail in a sliding manner, and the roller assembly is in driving connection with the second driving device;
the device comprises a roller assembly, a spraying device, a traction chain, a spraying device and a lifting mechanism, wherein the roller assembly is arranged on the upper surface of the roller assembly, the spraying device is connected with the roller assembly in a fixed angle mode, and the roller assembly is connected with the lifting mechanism.
5. The process for dismantling high-rise buildings according to claim 4, wherein a swinging mechanism is arranged at the joint of the spraying device and the traction chain, the swinging mechanism comprises a first swinging arm connected with the traction chain and a second swinging arm connected with the spraying device, the first swinging arm and the second swinging arm are mutually hinged, and a third driving device for driving the second swinging arm to swing left and right around a hinge point is arranged at the hinge position; the angle of the left-right swing of the second swing arm around the hinge point is +/-35 degrees.
6. The process for demolishing a high-rise building according to claim 5, wherein the tail end of the rear section of the conveyor belt is communicated with a material guide pipeline, the material guide pipeline extends in an arc shape from a gallery bridge to the ground, the conveyor belt is provided with a plurality of distributing mechanisms at intervals along the conveying direction, the distributing mechanisms comprise rotating motors and distributing baffles, an output shaft of each rotating motor is in driving connection with each distributing baffle, the rotating motors control the distributing baffles to rotate through the rotation of the output shaft, and crushed aggregates are guided to corresponding aggregate boxes;
The scanning device is internally provided with a database, the crushed aggregates on the conveying belt are identified through scanning, the crushed aggregates are identified through comparison with the database, classification of the crushed aggregates is achieved, the action of the distributing mechanism is controlled, the distributing branches on the communicating/sealing conveying belt are correspondingly communicated, the crushed aggregates are guided to corresponding collecting boxes, and the rest crushed aggregates are conveyed to the material guide pipeline along with the conveying belt and slide down to the building for treatment.
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