JP2019015150A - Demolition method of existing structure - Google Patents
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- JP2019015150A JP2019015150A JP2017135252A JP2017135252A JP2019015150A JP 2019015150 A JP2019015150 A JP 2019015150A JP 2017135252 A JP2017135252 A JP 2017135252A JP 2017135252 A JP2017135252 A JP 2017135252A JP 2019015150 A JP2019015150 A JP 2019015150A
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Description
本発明は、既存構造物の解体方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for dismantling an existing structure.
従来より、設備や躯体の老朽化を理由として、既存建物の解体が行われるが、この既存建物を解体する方法としては、以下のような方法がある。
例えば、地表面から既存建物に沿ってマストを設置し、このマストにタワークレーンを取り付けて、このタワークレーンにより解体材を荷下ろしする方法がある。この場合、マストを既存建物の構造体に仮固定しておき、建物の解体に伴って、リフトダウンさせる(特許文献1参照)。
Conventionally, an existing building is demolished due to the aging of facilities and structures. As a method of demolishing this existing building, there are the following methods.
For example, there is a method in which a mast is installed along the existing building from the ground surface, a tower crane is attached to the mast, and the demolition material is unloaded by the tower crane. In this case, the mast is temporarily fixed to the structure of the existing building and lifted down as the building is dismantled (see Patent Document 1).
しかしながら、地表面から既存建物に沿ってタワークレーンを用いた場合では、地表面から最上階まで大型のマストを構築する必要があるため、解体工事が大掛かりとなって、施工費用が増大する、という問題があった。 However, when a tower crane is used along the existing building from the ground surface, it is necessary to construct a large mast from the ground surface to the top floor, which means that the dismantling work will be a big deal and the construction cost will increase There was a problem.
この問題を解決するため、以下の特許文献2のような解体方法が提案されている。すなわち、既存建物の屋上階の既存床の一部を含んでクレーン設置床とし、このクレーン設置床上にクレーンを設置するとともに、このクレーン設置床を既存柱である支持柱に仮支持させる。そして、クレーンを用いて既存建物を解体しながら、クレーン設置床を支持柱に沿って下降させる。 In order to solve this problem, a dismantling method as in Patent Document 2 below has been proposed. That is, a part of the existing floor on the roof floor of the existing building is used as a crane installation floor, the crane is installed on the crane installation floor, and the crane installation floor is temporarily supported by the support pillar which is an existing pillar. And while demolishing an existing building using a crane, a crane installation floor is dropped along a support pillar.
しかしながら、既存床の一部を利用してクレーン設置床を構築するため、大掛かりな補強が必要であり、施工費用が増大する、という問題があった。 However, in order to construct a crane installation floor using a part of the existing floor, there is a problem that large-scale reinforcement is necessary and construction costs increase.
本発明は、施工費用を低減できる既存構造物の解体方法を提供することを目的とする。 An object of this invention is to provide the dismantling method of the existing structure which can reduce construction cost.
請求項1に記載の既存構造物の解体方法は、既存構造物(例えば、後述の既存建物1)を解体する解体方法であって、当該既存構造物の所定の既存柱を支持柱(例えば、後述の支持柱11A)とし、当該支持柱に仮支持させて前記既存構造物の所定のフロア上にクレーン設置床(例えば、後述のクレーン設置床20)を構築し、前記クレーン設置床上にクレーン(例えば、後述のクレーン21)を設置する第1工程(例えば、後述のステップS1)と、前記クレーンを用いて、少なくとも前記支持柱を残して前記所定のフロアから1層分を解体する第2工程(例えば、後述のステップS2)と、前記支持柱による前記クレーン設置床の仮支持を解除し、前記クレーン設置床を前記支持柱に沿って1層分下降させて、その後、当該前記クレーン設置床を前記支持柱に再度仮支持させる第3工程(例えば、後述のステップS3〜S5)と、前記支持柱の上部を撤去する第4工程(例えば、後述のステップS7〜S8)と、前記第2工程から第4工程までを繰り返す第5工程(例えば、後述のステップS9)と、を備えることを特徴とする。 The dismantling method for an existing structure according to claim 1 is a dismantling method for disassembling an existing structure (for example, an existing building 1 described later), wherein a predetermined existing column of the existing structure is supported by a supporting column (for example, A supporting column 11A), which will be described later, is temporarily supported by the supporting column, a crane installation floor (for example, a crane installation floor 20 described later) is constructed on a predetermined floor of the existing structure, and a crane ( For example, a first step (for example, step S1 to be described later) for installing a later-described crane 21) and a second step for dismantling one layer from the predetermined floor using the crane, leaving at least the support pillars. (For example, step S2 described later) and temporary support of the crane installation floor by the support pillar is released, the crane installation floor is lowered by one layer along the support pillar, and then the crane A third step (for example, steps S3 to S5 described later) for temporarily supporting the placing floor again on the support column, a fourth step (for example, steps S7 to S8 described later) for removing the upper portion of the support column, And a fifth step (for example, step S9 described later) that repeats the second to fourth steps.
この発明によれば、既存構造物の一部の既存柱を支持柱とし、この支持柱に仮支持させてクレーンが設置されたクレーン設置床を構築し、クレーンで既存構造物を解体しながら、クレーン設置床を支持柱に沿って下降させた。よって、従来のようにクレーン設置床に既存床の一部を利用しないので、大掛かりな補強が不要となり、施工費用を削減できる。 According to this invention, a part of existing pillars of an existing structure is used as a support pillar, a crane installation floor is constructed by temporarily supporting the support pillar and the crane is installed, while dismantling the existing structure with the crane, The crane installation floor was lowered along the support column. Therefore, since a part of the existing floor is not used for the crane installation floor as in the prior art, a large-scale reinforcement is unnecessary, and the construction cost can be reduced.
請求項2に記載の既存構造物の解体方法は、前記第3工程では、前記クレーン設置床を下降させる昇降装置(例えば、後述の昇降装置22の反力部材41)を前記支持柱の頂部に仮固定しておき、前記支持柱による仮支持を解除した後、当該昇降装置により前記クレーン設置床を前記支持柱に沿って下降させ、前記第4工程では、当該昇降装置を前記支持柱から取り外して、当該支持柱以外の既存柱の頂部に仮置きし、この状態で、当該支持柱の上部を撤去し、その後、当該支持柱の頂部に前記昇降装置を再度仮固定することを特徴とする。 In the dismantling method of the existing structure according to claim 2, in the third step, an elevating device (for example, a reaction force member 41 of the elevating device 22 described later) for lowering the crane installation floor is provided at the top of the support column. After temporarily fixing and releasing the temporary support by the support column, the crane installation floor is lowered along the support column by the lifting device, and in the fourth step, the lifting device is removed from the support column. Then, temporarily placed on the top of the existing column other than the support column, and in this state, the upper portion of the support column is removed, and then the lifting device is temporarily fixed again on the top of the support column. .
この発明によれば、支持柱の上部を解体する際に、昇降装置を一旦吊り上げて、既存柱の頂部に仮置きした。よって、昇降装置を安定した姿勢で仮置きできるので、支持柱の解体作業を円滑に実施でき、工期を短縮できる。 According to this invention, when disassembling the upper part of the support column, the lifting device is temporarily lifted and temporarily placed on the top of the existing column. Therefore, since the lifting device can be temporarily placed in a stable posture, the dismantling work of the support pillar can be performed smoothly, and the construction period can be shortened.
本発明によれば、大掛かりな補強が不要となり、施工費用を削減できる。 According to the present invention, large-scale reinforcement is not necessary, and construction costs can be reduced.
以下、本発明の一実施形態について、図面を参照しながら説明する。
図1は、本発明の一実施形態に係る既存構造物の解体方法が適用される既存構造物としての既存建物1およびこの解体方法に用いられる解体システム2の側面図である。図2は、既存建物1および解体システム2の平面図である。図3は、図1のI−I断面図である。図4よび図5は、解体システム2のイメージ図である。
既存建物1は、n(nは自然数)階の建物であり、平面視で長方形状である。以下、この既存建物1の長手方向をX方向とし、このX方向に略直交する短手方向をY方向とする。
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a side view of an existing building 1 as an existing structure to which an existing structure dismantling method according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied and a dismantling system 2 used in the dismantling method. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the existing building 1 and the dismantling system 2. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II of FIG. 4 and 5 are image diagrams of the dismantling system 2.
The existing building 1 is a building of n (n is a natural number) floor and has a rectangular shape in plan view. Hereinafter, the longitudinal direction of the existing building 1 is defined as the X direction, and the short direction substantially orthogonal to the X direction is defined as the Y direction.
既存建物1は、ラーメン構造であり、複数のH形鋼である既存柱11と、複数の鉄骨造の既存梁12と、鉄筋コンクリート造の既存床13と、を備える。ここで、既存柱11の一部を、クレーン設置床20を支持する支持柱11Aとする。 The existing building 1 has a ramen structure, and includes a plurality of existing columns 11 made of H-shaped steel, a plurality of existing steel beams 12 and a reinforced concrete existing floor 13. Here, a part of the existing pillar 11 is a support pillar 11A that supports the crane installation floor 20.
この既存建物1を、以下の仮設構造物である解体システム2を用いて解体する。
解体システム2は、既存建物1の屋上階のコア部3上に構築されたクレーン設置床20と、クレーン設置床20上に設置されたクレーン21と、支持柱11Aに取り付けられてクレーン設置床20を支持柱11Aに沿って下降させる昇降装置22と、クレーン設置床20に設けられて支持柱11Aの継手部14の上面に係止可能な係止装置23と、クレーン設置床20が水平方向に揺れるのを防止する振れ止め装置24と、を備える。
This existing building 1 is demolished using the demolishing system 2 which is the following temporary structure.
The dismantling system 2 includes a crane installation floor 20 constructed on the core part 3 on the roof floor of the existing building 1, a crane 21 installed on the crane installation floor 20, and a crane installation floor 20 attached to the support pillar 11A. Is lifted along the support pillar 11A, a locking device 23 provided on the crane installation floor 20 and engageable with the upper surface of the joint portion 14 of the support pillar 11A, and the crane installation floor 20 in the horizontal direction. And an anti-sway device 24 that prevents shaking.
クレーン設置床20は、既存建物1の屋上階中央部に構築されている。このクレーン設置床20は、具体的には、昇降装置22同士を連結する複数のH形鋼である梁部材30と、これら梁部材30の上に載置される覆工板である板状の床部材31と、を備える。 The crane installation floor 20 is constructed at the center of the rooftop floor of the existing building 1. Specifically, the crane installation floor 20 is a plate-shaped plate member 30 that is a plurality of beam members 30 that are H-shaped steels that connect the lifting devices 22 to each other, and a lining plate that is placed on the beam members 30. A floor member 31.
クレーン設置床20の上には、X方向に延びるH形鋼である一対の走行レール32が載置されている。
クレーン21は、走行レール32の上を走行する走行台車33と、この走行台車33に旋回可能に支持されたクレーン本体34と、このクレーン本体34に起伏可能に支持されたジブ35と、このジブ35の先端に吊り下げ支持された図示しないフックと、クレーン本体34に設けられてフックを昇降させる巻上装置36と、を備える。
On the crane installation floor 20, a pair of traveling rails 32, which are H-shaped steels extending in the X direction, are placed.
The crane 21 includes a traveling carriage 33 that travels on a traveling rail 32, a crane main body 34 that is pivotably supported by the traveling carriage 33, a jib 35 that is supported by the crane main body 34 so as to be raised and lowered, and the jib A hook (not shown) supported by being suspended from the tip of 35 and a hoisting device 36 provided on the crane main body 34 to raise and lower the hook are provided.
支持柱11Aは、既存柱11の一部の柱であり、既存建物1のコア部3を構成する2列の既存柱11を2本おきに選択したものである。
支持柱11Aのフランジは、X方向に延びており、支持柱11Aのウエブは、Y方向に延びている。
11 A of support pillars are some pillars of the existing pillar 11, and select the 2 columns of the existing pillar 11 which comprises the core part 3 of the existing building 1 every two columns.
The flange of the support column 11A extends in the X direction, and the web of the support column 11A extends in the Y direction.
図6は、図2の破線Aで囲んだ部分の平面図である。図7は、図6のII−II矢視図であり、図8は、図6のIII−III矢視図である。図9は、図7および図8のVI−VI断面図であり、図10は、図7および図8のV−V断面図である。図11は、図2の破線Aで囲んだ部分のイメージ図である。 6 is a plan view of a portion surrounded by a broken line A in FIG. 7 is a view taken along arrow II-II in FIG. 6, and FIG. 8 is a view taken along arrow III-III in FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VI-VI in FIGS. 7 and 8, and FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line V-V in FIGS. FIG. 11 is an image diagram of a portion surrounded by a broken line A in FIG.
昇降装置22は、支持柱11Aを囲んでクレーン設置床20の一部となる矩形枠状のフレーム40と、支持柱11Aの上端に取り付けられて略水平に延びる反力部材41と、反力部材41に巻かれて一端側がフレーム40に連結された吊り材42と、フレーム40に設けられて吊り材42の他端側を引っ張る昇降ジャッキとしてのストランドジャッキ43と、を備える。 The lifting device 22 includes a rectangular frame 40 that surrounds the support column 11A and forms part of the crane installation floor 20, a reaction member 41 that is attached to the upper end of the support column 11A and extends substantially horizontally, and a reaction member. And a strand jack 43 that is provided on the frame 40 and that pulls on the other end side of the suspension member 42.
フレーム40は、矩形枠状の基部50と、基部50に回動可能に設けられた門型状のジャッキ支持部51と、基部50の支持柱11Aを挟んでジャッキ支持部51の反対側の位置に回動可能に設けられた門型状の吊り材支持部52と、を備える。 The frame 40 has a rectangular frame-shaped base 50, a portal-shaped jack support 51 provided rotatably on the base 50, and a position on the opposite side of the jack support 51 across the support pillar 11 </ b> A of the base 50. And a portal-shaped suspension material support portion 52 provided rotatably.
基部50は、略平行にX方向に延びるH形鋼からなる一対の梁部材53Aと、この梁部材53A同士を連結して略平行にY方向に延びるH形鋼からなる一対の梁部材53Bと、を備える。クレーン設置床20の梁部材30は、昇降装置22のフレーム40同士を連結しており、これら昇降装置22の梁部材53A、53B同士の接合部には、クレーン設置床20の梁部材30が連結されている。 The base 50 includes a pair of beam members 53A made of H-section steel extending in the X direction substantially in parallel, and a pair of beam members 53B made of H-section steel connecting the beam members 53A and extending in the Y direction substantially in parallel. . The beam member 30 of the crane installation floor 20 connects the frames 40 of the lifting device 22, and the beam member 30 of the crane installation floor 20 is connected to the joint between the beam members 53 </ b> A and 53 </ b> B of the lifting device 22. Has been.
一方の梁部材53Aの上面には、ジャッキ支持部51が回動可能に支持されており、他方の梁部材53Aの上面には、吊り材支持部52が回動可能に支持されている。
ストランドジャッキ43は、ジャッキ支持部51に上向きに固定されている。
これら一対の梁部材53Aの下部には、この梁部材53Aの長さ方向に延びる挿通孔54が形成されている。この挿通孔54の下面には、複数のボルト挿通孔55が梁部材53Aの長さ方向に並んで形成されている(図18参照)。
A jack support portion 51 is rotatably supported on the upper surface of one beam member 53A, and a suspension material support portion 52 is rotatably supported on the upper surface of the other beam member 53A.
The strand jack 43 is fixed upward to the jack support portion 51.
An insertion hole 54 extending in the length direction of the beam member 53A is formed in the lower part of the pair of beam members 53A. A plurality of bolt insertion holes 55 are formed in the lower surface of the insertion hole 54 side by side in the length direction of the beam member 53A (see FIG. 18).
反力部材41は、支持柱11Aの上端に被せられて上端が塞がれた矩形筒状のボックス部材60と、ボックス部材60の上に設けられて略水平に延びる反力梁61と、ボックス部材60の内壁面に設けられてH形鋼である支持柱11Aのフランジの外面に当接可能な仮固定ジャッキ(ユニブロック)62(図14参照)と、を備える。 The reaction force member 41 includes a rectangular cylindrical box member 60 that covers the upper end of the support column 11A and is closed at the upper end, a reaction force beam 61 that is provided on the box member 60 and extends substantially horizontally, and a box A temporary fixing jack (uniblock) 62 (see FIG. 14) provided on the inner wall surface of the member 60 and capable of coming into contact with the outer surface of the flange of the support column 11A made of H-shaped steel.
反力梁61は、互いに略平行な一対の水平部材63と、この一対の水平部材63の両端側同士の間に回転自在に支持された一対の滑車64と、を備える。
吊り材42は、一対の滑車64に巻かれており、一端側が吊り材支持部52に連結され、他端側がジャッキ支持部51に固定されたストランドジャッキ43に連結されている。
The reaction beam 61 includes a pair of horizontal members 63 that are substantially parallel to each other, and a pair of pulleys 64 that are rotatably supported between both ends of the pair of horizontal members 63.
The suspension member 42 is wound around a pair of pulleys 64, one end side is connected to the suspension member support part 52, and the other end side is connected to a strand jack 43 fixed to the jack support part 51.
以上の昇降装置22では、図12(a)に示すように、ストランドジャッキ43が吊り材42を引っ張ると、クレーン設置床20が支持柱11Aに対して上昇する。一方、図12(b)に示すように、ストランドジャッキ43が吊り材42を送り出すと、クレーン設置床20が支持柱11Aに対して下降する。 In the above lifting device 22, as shown in FIG. 12A, when the strand jack 43 pulls the suspension member 42, the crane installation floor 20 rises with respect to the support column 11A. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 12B, when the strand jack 43 sends out the suspension material 42, the crane installation floor 20 descends with respect to the support column 11 </ b> A.
図13(a)は、ストランドジャッキ43の先端面(上端面)の平面図である。図13(b)は、滑車64の平面図である。
ストランドジャッキ43は、先端面が円形であり、例えば7本のストランドを引っ張ることが可能である。本実施形態では、図13(a)に示すように、7本のストランドのうち、ストランドジャッキ43の先端面の中心を通る一直線上に並ぶ3本のストランドのみを、吊り材42として用いる。
滑車64は、直径が同一のプーリ65を3枚重ねて構成されており、ストランドジャッキ43の3本のストランドとしての吊り材42が巻かれている。
FIG. 13A is a plan view of the distal end surface (upper end surface) of the strand jack 43. FIG. 13B is a plan view of the pulley 64.
The strand jack 43 has a circular tip surface, and can pull, for example, seven strands. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 13A, only three strands arranged on a straight line passing through the center of the front end surface of the strand jack 43 among the seven strands are used as the suspension member 42.
The pulley 64 is configured by overlapping three pulleys 65 having the same diameter, and the suspension material 42 as three strands of the strand jack 43 is wound thereon.
図14は、ボックス部材60の異なる2方向の縦断面図である。図15は、仮固定ジャッキ62の動作を示す図である。
仮固定ジャッキ62は、ねじ66を回転させることで伸縮し、水平方向の長さ寸法l1を変更可能となっている。この仮固定ジャッキ62では、ねじ66は、仮固定ジャッキ62の長さ方向の中央に位置する構造である。
FIG. 14 is a longitudinal sectional view of the box member 60 in two different directions. FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the temporary fixing jack 62.
Temporarily fixing the jack 62 is expanded and contracted by rotating the screw 66, and can change the horizontal length l 1. In the temporary fixing jack 62, the screw 66 has a structure located at the center in the length direction of the temporary fixing jack 62.
ボックス部材60の側面には、水平方向に延びる長孔67が形成されており、ねじ66はこの長孔67を貫通して外部に突出している。上述のように、ねじ66が仮固定ジャッキ62の長さ方向中央に位置するため、長孔67を水平方向に延びる形状とすることで、仮固定ジャッキ62の長さ寸法の変化に対応可能となっている。 A long hole 67 extending in the horizontal direction is formed on the side surface of the box member 60, and the screw 66 projects through the long hole 67 to the outside. As described above, since the screw 66 is positioned at the center in the length direction of the temporarily fixing jack 62, it is possible to cope with a change in the length of the temporarily fixing jack 62 by forming the long hole 67 in a shape extending in the horizontal direction. It has become.
ねじ66の先端には、円盤状のハンドル68が設けられている。このハンドル68には、チェーン69が巻かれて下方に垂れ下がっている。よって、ボックス部材60の下方からチェーン69を引っ張ってねじ66を回転させることで、仮固定ジャッキ62の長さ寸法を適宜調整できる。これにより、仮固定ジャッキ62が支持柱11Aのフランジの外面に当接し、ボックス部材60を支持柱11Aに仮固定できるようになっている。 A disc-shaped handle 68 is provided at the tip of the screw 66. A chain 69 is wound around the handle 68 and hangs downward. Therefore, by pulling the chain 69 from below the box member 60 and rotating the screw 66, the length dimension of the temporary fixing jack 62 can be adjusted as appropriate. As a result, the temporary fixing jack 62 comes into contact with the outer surface of the flange of the support column 11A, and the box member 60 can be temporarily fixed to the support column 11A.
図16および図17は、係止装置23の動作を示す模式図である。
図7〜図10にも示すように、係止装置23は、一対のかんぬき梁70と、この一対のかんぬき梁70同士を接近あるいは離間させる方向に略水平に移動する一対の開閉機構71A、71Bと、を備える。
支持柱11Aの互いに背中合わせの側面には、一対の継手部14が側方に延びており、係止装置23は、この一対の継手部14の上面に一対のかんぬき梁70を載せて係止させる。
16 and 17 are schematic views showing the operation of the locking device 23. FIG.
As shown in FIGS. 7 to 10, the locking device 23 includes a pair of piercing beams 70 and a pair of opening / closing mechanisms 71 </ b> A and 71 </ b> B that move substantially horizontally in a direction in which the pair of piercing beams 70 approach or separate from each other. And comprising.
A pair of joint portions 14 extend laterally on the side surfaces of the support pillars 11 </ b> A that are back to back, and the locking device 23 mounts and locks the pair of cantilever beams 70 on the upper surfaces of the pair of joint portions 14. .
開閉機構71Aは、基部50の一方の梁部材53B上に設けられており、一対のかんぬき梁70の一端側を下から支持する一対の支持部72と、この一対の支持部72を略水平に移動する移動機構73と、を備える。 The opening / closing mechanism 71A is provided on one beam member 53B of the base 50, and a pair of support portions 72 that support one end side of the pair of piercing beams 70 from below, and the pair of support portions 72 substantially horizontally. A moving mechanism 73 that moves.
支持部72は、かんぬき梁70の底面を下から支持する水平片721と、この水平片721の両端から鉛直方向に延びてかんぬき梁70の両側面に当接する一対の鉛直片722と、を備える。
図16および図17に示すように、支持部72の水平片721の上面から梁部材53Bの下面までの距離をh1は、かんぬき梁70の高さ寸法h2よりも僅かに高くなっている。これにより、かんぬき梁70を梁部材53Aに干渉することなく水平移動できる。
The support portion 72 includes a horizontal piece 721 that supports the bottom surface of the canopy beam 70 from below, and a pair of vertical pieces 722 that extend in the vertical direction from both ends of the horizontal piece 721 and come into contact with both side surfaces of the canopy beam 70. .
As shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, the distance h 1 from the upper surface of the horizontal piece 721 of the support portion 72 to the lower surface of the beam member 53B is slightly higher than the height dimension h 2 of the piercing beam 70. . Thereby, the yoke beam 70 can be moved horizontally without interfering with the beam member 53A.
移動機構73は、モータ74と、モータ74から水平方向に離れた位置に回転自在に設けられた滑車75と、これらモータ74と滑車75との間に巻き回されたチェーン76と、を備える。一方の支持部72は、チェーン76の上側の部分に固定され、他方の支持部72は、チェーン76の下側の部分に固定されている。また、ねじ77を回転させることで、滑車75がモータ74に対して接近あるいは離隔し、これにより、チェーン76の張力を調整可能となっている。 The moving mechanism 73 includes a motor 74, a pulley 75 that is rotatably provided at a position away from the motor 74 in the horizontal direction, and a chain 76 that is wound between the motor 74 and the pulley 75. One support portion 72 is fixed to the upper portion of the chain 76, and the other support portion 72 is fixed to the lower portion of the chain 76. Further, by rotating the screw 77, the pulley 75 approaches or separates from the motor 74, and thereby the tension of the chain 76 can be adjusted.
開閉機構71Bは、基部50の他方の梁部材53B上に設けられており、一対のかんぬき梁70の他端側を下から支持する一対の支持部72と、この一対の支持部72を略水平に移動する移動機構73と、を備える。これら開閉機構71Bの支持部72および移動機構73は、開閉機構71Aの支持部72および移動機構73と同様の構成である。 The opening / closing mechanism 71B is provided on the other beam member 53B of the base 50, and a pair of support portions 72 that support the other end side of the pair of piercing beams 70 from below, and the pair of support portions 72 substantially horizontally. And a moving mechanism 73 that moves to the position. The support portion 72 and the moving mechanism 73 of the opening / closing mechanism 71B have the same configuration as the support portion 72 and the moving mechanism 73 of the opening / closing mechanism 71A.
係止装置23では、以下のようにして、クレーン設置床20を支持柱11Aから側方に突出した継手部14の上面に係止する。
すなわち、開閉機構71A、71Bのモータ74を駆動して、チェーン76を図16中矢印方向に回転させることで、支持部72に支持された一対のかんぬき梁70同士を接近させ、一対のかんぬき梁70を支持柱11Aの継手部14の上に位置させる。
In the locking device 23, the crane installation floor 20 is locked to the upper surface of the joint portion 14 protruding laterally from the support column 11 </ b> A as follows.
That is, by driving the motor 74 of the opening / closing mechanisms 71A and 71B and rotating the chain 76 in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 16, the pair of canopy beams 70 supported by the support portion 72 are brought close to each other. 70 is positioned on the joint portion 14 of the support column 11A.
この状態で、昇降装置22によりクレーン設置床20を下降させると、かんぬき梁70が支持柱11Aの継手部14の上面に係止し、このかんぬき梁70にクレーン設置床20の梁部材53Aが係止する(図7および図8参照)。これにより、クレーン設置床20が支持柱11Aに支持される。
このとき、かんぬき梁70は支持部72に対して上方に相対移動するが、支持部72の一対の鉛直片がかんぬき梁70の両側面に当接しているので、かんぬき梁70が上方に移動しても、このかんぬき梁70の脱落を防止できる。
In this state, when the crane installation floor 20 is lowered by the lifting device 22, the canopy beam 70 is locked to the upper surface of the joint portion 14 of the support column 11A, and the beam member 53A of the crane installation floor 20 is engaged with the canopy beam 70. Stop (see FIGS. 7 and 8). Thereby, the crane installation floor 20 is supported by the support pillar 11A.
At this time, the canopy beam 70 moves upward relative to the support portion 72. However, since the pair of vertical pieces of the support portion 72 are in contact with both side surfaces of the canopy beam 70, the canopy beam 70 moves upward. However, this canopy beam 70 can be prevented from falling off.
一方、係止装置23では、以下のようにして、クレーン設置床20の継手部14の係止状態を解除する。
すなわち、昇降装置22によりクレーン設置床20を少し上昇させて、かんぬき梁70を支持部72に対して下方に相対移動させ、支持部72の水平片721の上に載せる。これにより、かんぬき梁70の上面と梁部材53Bの下面との間には、隙間が形成される。
この状態で、開閉機構71A、71Bのモータ74を駆動して、チェーン76を図17中矢印方向に回転させることで、支持部72に支持された一対のかんぬき梁70同士を離間させる。一対のかんぬき梁70を支持柱11Aの継手部14の上から退避させる。これにより、かんぬき梁70と梁部材53Bとが接触することなく、かんぬき梁70を円滑に水平移動できる。
On the other hand, the locking device 23 releases the locking state of the joint portion 14 of the crane installation floor 20 as follows.
That is, the crane installation floor 20 is slightly lifted by the elevating device 22, the canopy beam 70 is moved downward relative to the support portion 72, and placed on the horizontal piece 721 of the support portion 72. Thereby, a clearance gap is formed between the upper surface of the yoke beam 70 and the lower surface of the beam member 53B.
In this state, the motors 74 of the opening / closing mechanisms 71A and 71B are driven to rotate the chain 76 in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 17, thereby separating the pair of cantilever beams 70 supported by the support portion 72. The pair of piercing beams 70 is retracted from above the joint portion 14 of the support column 11A. Thereby, the canopy beam 70 can be smoothly moved horizontally without contact between the canopy beam 70 and the beam member 53B.
図18は、振れ止め装置24の平面図である。図19は、振れ止め装置24の拡大平断面図である。
振れ止め装置24は、クレーン設置床20に支持されて支持柱11Aの側面のフランジ面に当接して押さえるものである。
この振れ止め装置24は、クレーン設置床20の梁部材53A間にX方向に水平移動可能に架設されてY方向に延びる一対の第1支持部材80と、各第1支持部材80に一対ずつY方向に水平移動可能に設けられた第2支持部材81と、各第2支持部材81に螺合されて第2支持部材からのY方向の突出寸法を調整可能なボルト82と、各第2支持部材81に設けられて表面が円滑な滑り材83と、を備える。
FIG. 18 is a plan view of the steady rest device 24. FIG. 19 is an enlarged plan sectional view of the steady rest device 24.
The steady rest device 24 is supported by the crane installation floor 20 and pressed against the flange surface on the side surface of the support column 11A.
The steady rest device 24 includes a pair of first support members 80 that are horizontally movable in the X direction between the beam members 53 </ b> A of the crane installation floor 20 and extend in the Y direction, and a pair of Y support members 80. A second support member 81 that is horizontally movable in the direction, a bolt 82 that can be screwed into each second support member 81 to adjust the projecting dimension in the Y direction from the second support member, and each second support A sliding member 83 provided on the member 81 and having a smooth surface.
第1支持部材80は、一対の梁部材53A間に支持柱11AをX方向から挟んで架設されている。この第1支持部材80の両端側は、梁部材53Aの挿通孔54に挿通され、複数のボルト挿通孔55に選択的にボルト固定されている。これにより、第1支持部材80を梁部材53AのX方向の任意の位置に仮固定可能となっている。 The first support member 80 is installed between the pair of beam members 53A with the support column 11A sandwiched from the X direction. Both ends of the first support member 80 are inserted into the insertion holes 54 of the beam member 53 </ b> A, and are selectively bolted to the plurality of bolt insertion holes 55. Accordingly, the first support member 80 can be temporarily fixed at an arbitrary position in the X direction of the beam member 53A.
第2支持部材81は、各第1支持部材80に支持柱11AをY方向から挟んだ位置に設けられている。第1支持部材80には、複数のボルト挿通孔84が第2支持部材81の長さ方向に並んで形成されている。この第2支持部材81は、複数のボルト挿通孔84に選択的にボルト固定されている。これにより、第2支持部材81を第1支持部材80のY方向の任意の位置に仮固定可能となっている。 The second support members 81 are provided at positions where the support columns 11A are sandwiched between the first support members 80 from the Y direction. In the first support member 80, a plurality of bolt insertion holes 84 are formed side by side in the length direction of the second support member 81. The second support member 81 is selectively bolted to the plurality of bolt insertion holes 84. Thus, the second support member 81 can be temporarily fixed at an arbitrary position in the Y direction of the first support member 80.
滑り材83は、支持柱11Aのフランジの端縁の近傍に位置している。クレーン設置床20を下降させる際に、この滑り材83が支持柱11Aに摺動することで、クレーン設置床20の円滑な昇降を確保する。 The sliding material 83 is located in the vicinity of the edge of the flange of the support column 11A. When the crane installation floor 20 is lowered, the sliding material 83 slides on the support pillar 11A, thereby ensuring smooth elevation of the crane installation floor 20.
振れ止め装置24では、ボルト82を回転させて前進させ、このボルト82の頭部を支持柱11Aのフランジ面に当接させることにより、クレーン設置床20のY方向の振れ止めを行う。一方、ボルト82を回転させて後退させることで、クレーン設置床20のY方向の振れ止めを解除できる。
また、図19に示すように、滑り材83と支持柱11Aのフランジの端縁との間にくさび85を打ち込むことで、クレーン設置床20のX方向の振れ止めを行う。一方、くさび85を取り外すことで、クレーン設置床20のX方向の振れ止めを解除できる。
In the steadying device 24, the bolt 82 is rotated and moved forward, and the head of the bolt 82 is brought into contact with the flange surface of the support column 11A, thereby stabilizing the crane installation floor 20 in the Y direction. On the other hand, by rotating the bolt 82 and moving it backward, the steady rest in the Y direction of the crane installation floor 20 can be released.
Further, as shown in FIG. 19, the wedge 85 is driven between the sliding member 83 and the end edge of the flange of the support column 11 </ b> A, so that the crane installation floor 20 is prevented from swinging in the X direction. On the other hand, by removing the wedge 85, the steady rest in the X direction of the crane installation floor 20 can be released.
以下、既存建物1を解体する手順について、図20のフローチャートを参照しながら説明する。
ステップS1では、図1に示すように、既存建物1の屋上階に解体システム2を構築する。
すなわち、既存建物1の屋上階にクレーン設置床20、クレーン21、昇降装置22、係止装置23、振れ止め装置24を構築する。
Hereinafter, the procedure for dismantling the existing building 1 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
In step S1, as shown in FIG. 1, the dismantling system 2 is constructed on the rooftop floor of the existing building 1.
That is, the crane installation floor 20, the crane 21, the lifting device 22, the locking device 23, and the steadying device 24 are constructed on the roof floor of the existing building 1.
ここで、クレーン設置床20を構築する部分について、所定の既存柱11の上に仮設柱15を取り付けて、この既存柱11のうち支持柱11Aについて、昇降装置22の反力部材41を仮設柱15の頂部に取り付ける。このとき、反力部材41の仮固定ジャッキ62を駆動して、反力部材41を支持柱11Aに仮固定する。
また、係止装置23のかんぬき梁70を、仮設ピース16を介して、屋上階床レベルの支持柱11Aの継手部14上に載置することで、クレーン設置床20を支持柱11Aに仮支持させる。
また、振れ止め装置24のボルト82でクレーン設置床20のY方向の振れ止めを行うとともに、振れ止め装置24のくさび85を取り付けて、クレーン設置床20のX方向の振れ止めを行う。
Here, the temporary pillar 15 is attached on the predetermined existing pillar 11 with respect to the part which constructs the crane installation floor 20, and the reaction force member 41 of the elevating device 22 is provided to the temporary support pillar 11 </ b> A among the existing pillar 11. Attach to top of 15 At this time, the temporary fixing jack 62 of the reaction force member 41 is driven to temporarily fix the reaction force member 41 to the support column 11A.
Further, the crane installation floor 20 is temporarily supported on the support pillar 11A by placing the timber beam 70 of the locking device 23 on the joint portion 14 of the support pillar 11A on the rooftop floor level via the temporary piece 16. Let
In addition, the crane installation floor 20 is prevented from shaking in the Y direction with the bolts 82 of the steadying device 24 and the wedge 85 of the steadying device 24 is attached to prevent the crane installation floor 20 from shaking in the X direction.
ステップS2では、図21に示すように、クレーン21を用いて、支持柱11Aおよびこの支持柱11Aに隣接する既存柱11を残して、既存建物1を屋上階から2層分解体する。このとき、支持柱11Aの継手部14を残すようにする。
なお、後述のステップS9においてステップS2を繰り返す場合には、既存建物1を2層分ではなく1層分解体するものとする。
In step S2, as shown in FIG. 21, using the crane 21, the existing building 1 is disassembled into two layers from the roof floor, leaving the supporting columns 11A and the existing columns 11 adjacent to the supporting columns 11A. At this time, the joint portion 14 of the support column 11A is left.
In addition, when repeating step S2 in below-mentioned step S9, the existing building 1 shall be decomposed | disassembled into one layer instead of two layers.
ステップS3では、支持柱11Aによるクレーン設置床20の仮支持を解除する。
すなわち、支持柱11Aによるクレーン設置床20の振れ止めを解除する。具体的には、振れ止め装置24のボルト82を後退させるとともに、振れ止め装置24のくさび85を取り外す。
次に、ストランドジャッキ43により吊り材42に張力を導入して、クレーン設置床20少し上方に持ち上げて地切りする。この状態で、係止装置23の開閉機構71A、71Bを駆動して、一対のかんぬき梁70を支持柱11Aの継手部14の上から退避させる。
In step S3, the temporary support of the crane installation floor 20 by the support pillar 11A is released.
That is, the swing prevention of the crane installation floor 20 by the support pillar 11A is released. Specifically, the bolt 82 of the steady rest device 24 is retracted and the wedge 85 of the steady rest device 24 is removed.
Next, a tension is introduced into the suspension material 42 by the strand jack 43, and the crane installation floor 20 is lifted slightly upward to be grounded. In this state, the opening / closing mechanisms 71A and 71B of the locking device 23 are driven to retract the pair of piercing beams 70 from above the joint portion 14 of the support column 11A.
ステップS4では、図22に示すように、ストランドジャッキ43を駆動して、クレーン設置床20を支持柱11Aに沿って1層分下降させる。このとき、振れ止め装置24の滑り材83でクレーン設置床20の下降をガイドする。
ステップS5では、クレーン設置床20を支持柱11Aに再度仮支持させる。
すなわち、係止装置23の開閉機構71A、71Bを駆動して、一対のかんぬき梁70を支持柱11Aの継手部14の上に位置させる。次に、ストランドジャッキ43によりクレーン設置床20を下降させて、かんぬき梁70を支持柱11Aの継手部14の上面に係止させる。次に、振れ止め装置24のボルト82でクレーン設置床20のY方向の振れ止めを行うとともに、振れ止め装置24のくさび85を取り付けて、クレーン設置床20のX方向の振れ止めを行う。
In step S4, as shown in FIG. 22, the strand jack 43 is driven to lower the crane installation floor 20 by one layer along the support pillar 11A. At this time, the descent of the crane installation floor 20 is guided by the sliding member 83 of the steady rest device 24.
In step S5, the crane installation floor 20 is temporarily supported again on the support pillar 11A.
That is, the opening / closing mechanisms 71A and 71B of the locking device 23 are driven to position the pair of piercing beams 70 on the joint portion 14 of the support column 11A. Next, the crane installation floor 20 is lowered by the strand jack 43, and the canopy beam 70 is locked to the upper surface of the joint portion 14 of the support column 11A. Next, the crane installation floor 20 is restrained in the Y direction with the bolt 82 of the steady rest device 24, and the wedge 85 of the steady rest device 24 is attached to prevent the crane installation floor 20 in the X direction.
ステップS6では、図23に示すように、既存柱11の上部を切断して撤去し、昇降装置22の反力部材41を支持柱11Aから取り外して、他の既存柱11の頂部に仮置きする。
すなわち、クレーン設置床20上からチェーン69を引っ張ることで、反力部材41の仮固定ジャッキ62を駆動して、反力部材41の仮固定を解除する。次に、反力部材41をクレーン21で吊り上げて、この支持柱11Aに隣接する既存柱11の頂部に仮置きする。
ステップS7は、支持柱11Aの上部を切断して撤去する。このようにして、支持柱11Aを含む全ての既存柱11の上部を撤去する。
In step S6, as shown in FIG. 23, the upper part of the existing column 11 is cut and removed, the reaction force member 41 of the lifting device 22 is removed from the support column 11A, and temporarily placed on the top of another existing column 11. .
That is, by pulling the chain 69 from the crane installation floor 20, the temporary fixing jack 62 of the reaction force member 41 is driven to release the temporary fixation of the reaction force member 41. Next, the reaction force member 41 is lifted by the crane 21 and temporarily placed on the top of the existing column 11 adjacent to the support column 11A.
Step S7 cuts and removes the upper part of support pillar 11A. Thus, the upper part of all the existing pillars 11 including 11 A of support pillars is removed.
ステップS8は、図24に示すように、他の既存柱11の頂部に仮置きした反力部材41を、支持柱11Aの頂部に再度仮固定する。
すなわち、仮置きした反力部材41をクレーン21で吊り上げて、支持柱11Aの頂部に再度配置する。次に、クレーン設置床20上からチェーン69を引っ張ることで、反力部材41の仮固定ジャッキ62を駆動して、反力部材41を支持柱11Aに仮固定する。また、振れ止め装置24のボルト82でクレーン設置床20のY方向の振れ止めを行うとともに、振れ止め装置24のくさび85を取り付けて、クレーン設置床20のX方向の振れ止めを行う。
ステップS9は、ステップS2からステップS8までを繰り返す。
In step S8, as shown in FIG. 24, the reaction force member 41 temporarily placed on the top of another existing column 11 is temporarily fixed to the top of the support column 11A again.
That is, the temporarily placed reaction force member 41 is lifted by the crane 21 and placed again on the top of the support column 11A. Next, the temporary fixing jack 62 of the reaction force member 41 is driven by pulling the chain 69 from above the crane installation floor 20 to temporarily fix the reaction force member 41 to the support column 11A. In addition, the crane installation floor 20 is prevented from shaking in the Y direction with the bolts 82 of the steadying device 24 and the wedge 85 of the steadying device 24 is attached to prevent the crane installation floor 20 from shaking in the X direction.
In step S9, steps S2 to S8 are repeated.
本実施形態によれば、以下のような効果がある。
(1)既存建物1の一部の既存柱11を支持柱11Aとし、この支持柱11Aに仮支持させてクレーン21が設置されたクレーン設置床20を構築し、クレーン21で既存建物1を解体しながら、クレーン設置床を下降させた。よって、従来のようにクレーン設置床に既存床の一部を利用しないので、大掛かりな補強が不要となり、施工費用を削減できる。
According to this embodiment, there are the following effects.
(1) A part of the existing pillar 1 of the existing building 1 is used as the support pillar 11A, and the crane installation floor 20 on which the crane 21 is installed is temporarily supported by the support pillar 11A, and the existing building 1 is demolished by the crane 21. The crane installation floor was lowered. Therefore, since a part of the existing floor is not used for the crane installation floor as in the prior art, a large-scale reinforcement is unnecessary, and the construction cost can be reduced.
(2)支持柱11Aの上部を解体する際に、昇降装置22の反力部材41を一旦吊り上げて、支持柱11Aに隣接する既存柱11の頂部に仮置きした。よって、昇降装置22の反力部材41を安定した姿勢で仮置きできるので、支持柱11Aの解体作業を円滑に実施でき、工期を短縮できる。 (2) When disassembling the upper part of the support column 11A, the reaction force member 41 of the lifting device 22 was temporarily lifted and temporarily placed on the top of the existing column 11 adjacent to the support column 11A. Therefore, since the reaction force member 41 of the lifting device 22 can be temporarily placed in a stable posture, the disassembly work of the support column 11A can be performed smoothly, and the work period can be shortened.
なお、本発明は前記実施形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の目的を達成できる範囲での変形、改良等は本発明に含まれるものである。 It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and modifications, improvements, etc. within a scope that can achieve the object of the present invention are included in the present invention.
1…既存建物(既存構造物) 2…解体システム 3…コア部
11…既存柱 11A…支持柱 12…既存梁 13…既存床
14…支持柱の継手部 15…仮設柱 16…仮設ピース
20…クレーン設置床 21…クレーン 22…昇降装置 23…係止装置
24…振れ止め装置
30…梁部材 31…床部材 32…走行レール 33…走行台車
34…クレーン本体 35…ジブ 36…巻上装置
40…フレーム 41…反力部材 42…吊り材 43…ストランドジャッキ
50…基部 51…ジャッキ支持部 52…吊り材支持部 53A、53B…梁部材
54…挿通孔 55…ボルト挿通孔
60…ボックス部材 61…反力梁 62…仮固定ジャッキ 63…水平部材
64…滑車 65…プーリ 66…ねじ 67…長孔 68…ハンドル
69…チェーン
70…かんぬき梁 71A、71B…開閉機構 72…支持部 73…移動機構
74…モータ 75…滑車 76…チェーン 721…水平片 722…鉛直片
80…第1支持部材 81…第2支持部材 82…ボルト 83…滑り材
84…ボルト挿通孔 85…くさび
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Existing building (existing structure) 2 ... Demolition system 3 ... Core part 11 ... Existing pillar 11A ... Support pillar 12 ... Existing beam 13 ... Existing floor 14 ... Joint part of support pillar 15 ... Temporary pillar 16 ... Temporary piece 20 ... Crane installation floor 21 ... Crane 22 ... Lifting device 23 ... Locking device 24 ... Stabilization device 30 ... Beam member 31 ... Floor member 32 ... Traveling rail 33 ... Traveling carriage 34 ... Crane body 35 ... Jib 36 ... Hoisting device 40 ... Frame 41 ... Reaction member 42 ... Suspension material 43 ... Strand jack 50 ... Base 51 ... Jack support portion 52 ... Suspension material support portion 53A, 53B ... Beam member 54 ... Insertion hole 55 ... Bolt insertion hole 60 ... Box member 61 ... Counter Force beam 62 ... Temporary fixing jack 63 ... Horizontal member 64 ... Pulley 65 ... Pulley 66 ... Screw 67 ... Long hole 68 ... Handle 69 ... Chain 70 ... Kanuki 71A, 71B ... Opening / closing mechanism 72 ... Supporting portion 73 ... Moving mechanism 74 ... Motor 75 ... Pulley 76 ... Chain 721 ... Horizontal piece 722 ... Vertical piece 80 ... First support member 81 ... Second support member 82 ... Bolt 83 ... Sliding material 84 ... Bolt insertion hole 85 ... Wedge
Claims (2)
当該既存構造物の所定の既存柱を支持柱とし、当該支持柱に仮支持させて前記既存構造物の所定のフロア上にクレーン設置床を構築し、前記クレーン設置床上にクレーンを設置する第1工程と、
前記クレーンを用いて、少なくとも前記支持柱を残して前記所定のフロアから1層分を解体する第2工程と、
前記支持柱による前記クレーン設置床の仮支持を解除し、前記クレーン設置床を前記支持柱に沿って1層分下降させて、その後、当該前記クレーン設置床を前記支持柱に再度仮支持させる第3工程と、
前記支持柱の上部を撤去する第4工程と、
前記第2工程から第4工程までを繰り返す第5工程と、を備えることを特徴とする既存構造物の解体方法。 A dismantling method for dismantling an existing structure,
A first existing pillar that is a predetermined pillar of the existing structure is used as a support pillar, is temporarily supported by the support pillar, a crane installation floor is constructed on a predetermined floor of the existing structure, and a crane is installed on the crane installation floor. Process,
Using the crane, a second step of dismantling one layer from the predetermined floor leaving at least the support pillar;
The temporary support of the crane installation floor by the support pillar is released, the crane installation floor is lowered by one layer along the support pillar, and then the crane installation floor is temporarily supported by the support pillar again. 3 steps,
A fourth step of removing an upper portion of the support pillar;
A fifth step of repeating the second step to the fourth step, and a dismantling method for an existing structure.
前記第4工程では、当該昇降装置を前記支持柱から取り外して、当該支持柱以外の既存柱の頂部に仮置きし、この状態で、当該支持柱の上部を撤去し、その後、当該支持柱の頂部に前記昇降装置を再度仮固定することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の既存構造物の解体方法。 In the third step, a lifting device for lowering the crane installation floor is temporarily fixed to the top of the support column, and after the temporary support by the support column is released, the crane installation floor is supported by the lift device. Descend along the pillar,
In the fourth step, the lifting device is removed from the support column and temporarily placed on the top of an existing column other than the support column. In this state, the upper portion of the support column is removed, and then the support column The method for disassembling an existing structure according to claim 1, wherein the lifting device is temporarily fixed again to the top.
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