CN115160860A - 建筑外墙保温系统施工方法及其中所用的气凝胶保温材料 - Google Patents
建筑外墙保温系统施工方法及其中所用的气凝胶保温材料 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种建筑外墙保温系统施工方法及其中所用的气凝胶保温材料,涉及建筑外墙保温系统技术领域。本发明使用气凝胶保温材料采用鳌合渗入扎根技术,省去锚固件,同时确保保温层不脱落,使保温系统达到A1防火等级,同时拥有与B级保温板等同的导热系数,容重介于A级与B级保温板之间;结构构造层减少基层墙体抹灰和粘贴保温板,减少了相应的施工时间和材料等强时间;传统保温体系施工时间为61天,采用本发明提供的保温体系施工时间缩短到30天;减少了底层抹灰及粘贴过程,材料和人工费减少,整体成本略低于传统成本。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及建筑外墙保温系统技术领域,尤其涉及一种建筑外墙保温系统施工方法及其中所用的气凝胶保温材料。
背景技术
传统外墙保温系统中防火性能、导热性能和保温板容重冲突:B级导热性能好,保温板重量轻,但是防火性能差;A级导热性能一般,保温板容重普遍偏高,防火性能满足需求。
传统保温系统包括界面砂浆层、粘接砂浆层、XPS挤塑聚苯板保温层、防水抗裂砂浆、热镀锌钢丝网、抗裂砂浆、饰面层等,结构复杂,容易产生脱落;粘贴保温板后形成的小空腔体系,在墙体交换的水汽压、自身的热胀冷缩、外部气流带来的负压后,在日积月累下,保温层也存在极大的脱落风险。为了达到规定拉拔力,需要增设锚固件提高保温系统与砼墙连接能力,但是在砖墙或轻质砌体上,即使增加锚固件依然不能达到规定的拉拔力最低值。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提供了一种建筑外墙保温系统施工方法及其中所用的气凝胶保温材料,结构构造层减少基层墙体抹灰和粘贴保温板,达到了A级保温板标准。
为实现此技术目的,本发明采用如下方案:
气凝胶保温材料,包括50~70份含20%~30% SiO2的硅溶胶、5份陶瓷空心微珠、1~2份硅藻土、4~6份矿物纤维、5~8份粘接剂、10份可发性聚苯乙烯珠粒和20份水。
进一步地,陶瓷空心微珠的平均粒径d50<18μm。
进一步地,矿物纤维为玻璃纤维或岩棉中的一种或两种。
进一步地,粘结剂为环氧树脂或酚醛树脂。
进一步地,可发性聚苯乙烯珠粒的粒径在1~4mm。
建筑外墙保温系统施工方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
S1、对建筑外墙基层进行检查,修补主体误差;
S2、将建筑外墙基层表面的浮尘清理干净,之后滚涂界面剂;
S3、打点冲筋:
S4、喷涂保温材料,形成保温层:将权利要求1~5任一项所述的气凝胶保温材料搅拌混合均匀,利用喷涂机将气凝胶保温材料均匀喷涂到S3处理后的外墙面上,形成保温层;
S5、在S4得到保温层外表面由内至外依次涂防水腻子、封闭底漆和饰面层;
S6、批刮抗裂砂浆同时压入网格布,完成建筑外墙保温系统施工。
进一步地,喷涂流量控制在2kg/min,保温层的喷涂厚度为5~8mm。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果在于:本发明使用气凝胶保温材料采用鳌合渗入扎根技术,省去锚固件,同时确保保温层不脱落,使保温系统达到A1防火等级,同时拥有与B级保温板等同的导热系数,容重介于A级与B级保温板之间;结构构造层减少基层墙体抹灰和粘贴保温板,减少了相应的施工时间和材料等强时间;传统保温体系施工时间为61天,采用本发明提供的保温体系施工时间缩短到30天;减少了底层抹灰及粘贴过程,材料和人工费减少,整体成本略低于传统成本。
具体实施方式
为充分了解本发明之目的、特征及功效,借由下述具体的实施方式,对本发明做详细说明,但本发明并不仅仅限于此。
实施例1
气凝胶保温材料,由50份含30% SiO2的硅溶胶、5份陶瓷空心微珠(d50<18μm)、1份硅藻土、4份玻璃纤维、5份环氧树脂胶粘剂(市售)、10份可发性聚苯乙烯珠粒(平均粒径为2mm)和20份水,混合而成。混合后材料静置10min后喷涂使用。
实施例2
气凝胶保温材料,由70份含30% SiO2的硅溶胶、5份陶瓷空心微珠(d50<18μm)、1份硅藻土、4份玻璃纤维、5份环氧树脂胶粘剂(市售)、10份可发性聚苯乙烯珠粒(平均粒径为1mm)和20份水,混合而成。混合后材料静置10min后喷涂使用。
实施例3
气凝胶保温材料,由50份含~30% SiO2的硅溶胶、5份陶瓷空心微珠(d50<18μm)、1份硅藻土、6份玻璃纤维、8份酚醛树脂胶粘剂(市售)、10份可发性聚苯乙烯珠粒(平均粒径为1mm)和20份水,混合而成。混合后材料静置10min后喷涂使用。
建筑外墙保温系统施工方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
S1、对建筑外墙基层进行检查,按照施工标准修补主体误差。
S2、将建筑外墙基层表面的浮尘清理干净,之后滚涂界面剂,界面剂为市售产品。
S3、打点冲筋:准备线锤,在需要冲筋的墙面两端做好标记,并在上面抹小灰饼,控制灰饼距离,优选间隔为1.5米,保证灰饼在同一水平线上;在每个灰饼上吊垂,并弹出垂直线,相同距离条件下做灰饼,确保新打点的灰饼在同一水平线上;将水泥砂浆此意抹在两个垂直的灰饼上,做成拢后用靠尺推平,再将靠尺在两点间垂直运动,确保每个标筋表面水泥砂浆厚度一致。
S4、喷涂保温材料,形成保温层:将实施例1-3得到的任一气凝胶保温材料搅拌混合均匀,利用喷涂机将气凝胶保温材料均匀喷涂到S3处理后的外墙面上,形成保温层。
S5、在S4得到保温层外表面由内至外依次涂防水腻子、封闭底漆和饰面层,防水腻子、封闭底漆和饰面层均为采购产品。
S6、批刮抗裂砂浆同时压入网格布,完成建筑外墙保温系统施工。
得到实施例1-3制得气凝胶材料制备的保温系统,依据国家标准对该保温系统进行性能检测,并与传统保温系统进行对比,结果如下表所示。
保温种类 | 防火性能 | 导热系数(W/m·k) | 容重(kg/m<sup>3</sup>) | 基层抹灰 | 锚固件 | 托架 | 使用寿命 | 施工难度 |
实施例1 | A | 0.018 | 93 | 无 | 无 | 无 | 永久 | 小 |
实施例2 | A | 0.015 | 85 | 无 | 无 | 无 | 永久 | 小 |
实施例3 | A | 0.016 | 88 | 无 | 无 | 无 | 永久 | 小 |
A级保温板 | A | 0.050 | 135 | 有 | 有 | 有 | 10年 | 一般 |
B级保温板 | B | 0.021 | 50 | 有 | 有 | 有 | 10年 | 较大 |
由上表可知,本发明实施例提供的保温材料的防火性能达到A级,热导率明显优于传统的A级保温板和B级保温板,且容重在A级保温板与B级保温板之间,相当于保留了两种传统保温板的优点,克服了其缺点,得到了优于现有技术的保温材料。同时应用时,保温材料无需基层抹灰、设置锚固件和托架,材料和人工费减少,整体成本略低于传统成本。
最后,需要注意的是:以上列举的仅是本发明的优选实施例,当然本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行改动和变型,倘若这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内,均应认为是本发明的保护范围。
Claims (7)
1. 一种气凝胶保温材料,其特征在于,包括50~70份含20%~30% SiO2的硅溶胶、5份陶瓷空心微珠、1~2份硅藻土、4~6份矿物纤维、5~8份粘结剂、10份可发性聚苯乙烯珠粒和20份水。
2.根据权利要求1所述的气凝胶保温材料,其特征在于,陶瓷空心微珠的平均粒径d50<18μm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的气凝胶保温材料,其特征在于,矿物纤维为玻璃纤维或岩棉中的一种或两种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的气凝胶保温材料,其特征在于,粘结剂为环氧树脂或酚醛树脂。
5.根据权利要求1所述的气凝胶保温材料,其特征在于,可发性聚苯乙烯珠粒的粒径在1~4mm。
6.一种建筑外墙保温系统施工方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
S1、对建筑外墙基层进行检查,修补主体误差;
S2、将建筑外墙基层表面的浮尘清理干净,之后滚涂界面剂;
S3、打点冲筋:
S4、喷涂保温材料,形成保温层:将权利要求1~5任一项所述的气凝胶保温材料搅拌混合均匀,利用喷涂机将气凝胶保温材料均匀喷涂到S3处理后的外墙面上,形成保温层;
S5、在S4得到保温层外表面由内至外依次涂防水腻子、封闭底漆和饰面层;
S6、批刮抗裂砂浆同时压入网格布,完成建筑外墙保温系统施工。
7.根据权利要求1所述的建筑外墙保温系统施工方法,其特征在于,喷涂流量控制在2kg/min,保温层的喷涂厚度为5~8mm。
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