CN115152780B - Medicament for preventing and treating plantain ear blight and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a medicament for preventing and treating plantain ear blight and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of pesticide preparation and plant disease prevention and treatment. The preparation method has the advantages that the prothioconazole, the pyraclostrobin and the thifluzamide are used as the effective components to be compounded, and the dry basis prepared by the accelerator, the wetting agent, the dispersing agent and the filler is matched, the effective components are loaded on the dry basis in a liquid form in the preparation process, so that the prevention effect can be improved, the generation of drug resistance of bacteria can be delayed, the incidence rate of the plantain spike blight is reduced to 1.6% in 50 days after the preparation, the probability of the plantain tender tissue infected with the spike blight is effectively reduced, the survival rate of the plantain is improved, the good growth of plants is promoted, the efficiency is high, the toxicity is low, and the sustainable development of agriculture is facilitated.

Description

Medicament for preventing and treating plantain ear blight and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to a medicament for preventing and treating plantain ear blight and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of pesticide preparation and plant disease prevention and treatment.

Background

Plantain (Plantago asiatica l.), a plant of the genus plantain of the family plantain, is also a biennial or perennial herb. All plantain herbs are treasures, and the taste is sweet and cold and nontoxic, and has the functions of clearing heat and promoting urination, eliminating phlegm and relieving cough, clearing liver and improving vision, and the 'materia medica outline' considers that: the long-term taking of the wine is light and aging-resistant. Herba plantaginis has effects of lowering blood pressure, and treating acute hepatitis and acute and chronic bronchitis. Herba plantaginis contains plantain, ursolic acid, vitamin C and vitamin B. It is combined with fructus Jujubae and fructus Lycii to complement each other and interact with each other, and has effects of clearing heat, promoting urination, nourishing liver, nourishing yin and invigorating kidney.

At present, in order to improve the yield of plantain, people generally adopt to increase the application amount of nitrogenous fertilizer and unreasonable cultivation, so that the occurrence area of the plantain ear blight is gradually enlarged, and the plantain becomes a large disease of plantain.

The plantain ear blight is caused by infection of a fungus of the genus clostridium, the ear part is mainly damaged, leaves can be damaged, along with the spread of diseases, the disease part becomes brown gradually, the disease ear with light disease is firm and not full, the yield is reduced by 20% -30%, the disease ear with heavy disease is withered in advance, even particles are not harvested, and the yield and quality of plantain are seriously influenced. However, the existing medicines for preventing and treating the plantain rice ear disease have poor preventing and treating effects generally, so that the medicine for effectively preventing and treating the plantain rice ear blight is necessary.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a medicament for preventing and treating the plantain ear blight and a preparation method thereof, wherein prothioconazole, pyraclostrobin and thifluzamide are used as active ingredients to be compounded, and a dry basis prepared from an accelerator, a wetting agent, a dispersing agent and a filler is matched, so that the obtained medicament belongs to the category of wettable powder, and can effectively reduce the probability of infection of tender plantain tissues with the ear blight and realize the purpose of long-term prevention and treatment of the plantain ear blight.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

The invention provides a medicament for preventing and treating plantain ear blight, and the active ingredients of the medicament are prothioconazole, pyraclostrobin and thifluzamide.

Further, the medicament comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-60 parts of active ingredient, 15-35 parts of solvent, 4-15 parts of accelerator, 2-4 parts of dispersing agent, 5-9 parts of wetting agent and 20-30 parts of filler.

Further, the mass ratio of the prothioconazole to the pyraclostrobin to the thifluzamide is 1:1:2.

Further, the accelerator comprises dimethyl sulfoxide and garlic extract, and the mass ratio of the dimethyl sulfoxide to the garlic extract is 3:5.

The dimethyl sulfoxide belongs to aprotic polar solvents, has excellent permeability, can promote active ingredients in the medicament to rapidly permeate into the ear part of the plantain herb, and improves the absorptivity of the plantain herb to urea formaldehyde resin, garlic extract and oxamide.

The garlic extract mainly contains ethylicin which can inhibit the growth of clostridium fungus, and simultaneously acts with substances containing sulfhydryl groups in the fungus body to inhibit the normal metabolism of the fungus body and further kill the fungus of the plantain ear blight.

Further, the dispersant is one or more of polycarboxylate, benzenesulfonate or lignosulfonate.

Further, the wetting agent is one or more of fructus gleditsiae, sodium dodecyl sulfate or nekal.

Further, the filler is one or more of attapulgite, diatomite, pyrophyllite, kaolin or clay, and the solvent is toluene, N-dimethylacetamide, methanol or xylene.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the medicament for preventing and treating the plantain ear blight, which comprises the following steps:

(1) Weighing the effective components, the solvent, the accelerator, the dispersing agent, the wetting agent and the filler according to parts by weight for standby;

(2) Uniformly mixing the filler, the wetting agent, the dispersing agent and the accelerator, and crushing to prepare a dry base;

(3) Uniformly mixing the active ingredients with a solvent to obtain a liquid matrix;

(4) And (3) uniformly spraying the liquid matrix prepared in the step (3) onto the dry matrix prepared in the step (2), and stirring to obtain the medicament for preventing and treating the plantain ear blight.

Further, in the step (2), the powder is pulverized to a particle size of 50 to 120. Mu.m.

Further, in the step (4), the stirring speed is 500-800 r/min, the stirring time is 15-25 min, the adsorption rate of the active ingredients in the dry carrier can be promoted by stirring after spraying, and the slow release time is prolonged.

The invention discloses the following technical effects:

The prothioconazole which is an effective component in the medicament is a sterol demethylation inhibitor, can provide good systemic effect, has excellent protection, treatment and eradication activities, has long lasting period, is safe to crops, also has good green-keeping and anti-aging effects, and has obvious yield-increasing effect; pyraclostrobin is a mitochondrial respiration inhibitor, has strong germ spore germination inhibiting capability, has good inhibition effect on the growth of hyphae in leaves, has long lasting period and has potential therapeutic activity; the thifluzamide belongs to thiazole amide agents, has strong systemic conductivity and long lasting effect, and has obvious synergistic effect on controlling the plantain ear blight by compounding the three components, so that single dosage is reduced. The components in the promoter not only can improve the resistance of plantain, but also can promote the absorption of active ingredients, and further increase the control effect. In addition, the preparation process loads the active ingredients on a dry basis in a liquid form, so that the technical effects of improving the control effect and delaying the generation of drug resistance of germs can be achieved.

The medicament reduces the incidence rate of the plantain spike blight to 1.6% in 50 days, and the disease index of the plantain is obviously lower than that of a comparative example, which proves that the medicament can effectively reduce the probability of infection of the plantain spike blight by tender tissues of the plantain, improve the survival rate of the plantain and promote good growth of plants.

The preparation prepared by the invention belongs to wettable powder, has small field dosage, reduces the production and use costs, can reduce pesticide residues and environmental pollution, is efficient and low in toxicity, and is more beneficial to sustainable development of agriculture.

Detailed Description

Various exemplary embodiments of the invention will now be described in detail, which should not be considered as limiting the invention, but rather as more detailed descriptions of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the invention.

It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. In addition, for numerical ranges in this disclosure, it is understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the ranges is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or stated range, and any other stated value or intermediate value within the stated range, is also encompassed within the invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included or excluded in the range.

Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference for the purpose of disclosing and describing the methods and/or materials associated with the documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the present specification will control.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the specific embodiments of the invention described herein without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification of the present invention. The specification and examples of the present invention are exemplary only.

As used herein, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and the like are intended to be inclusive and mean an inclusion, but not limited to.

The raw materials used in the examples of the present invention are commercially available.

The technical scheme of the invention is further described by the following examples.

Example 1

(1) Weighing 40 parts of active ingredients (prothioconazole, pyraclostrobin and thifluzamide in a mass ratio of 1:1:2), 20 parts of solvent (toluene), 12 parts of accelerator (a mixture of dimethyl sulfoxide and garlic extract in a mass ratio of 3:5), 3 parts of dispersing agent (sodium polycarboxylate), 7 parts of wetting agent (gleditsia sinensis lam) and 24 parts of filler (pyrophyllite) according to parts by weight for later use;

(2) Uniformly mixing a filler, a wetting agent, a dispersing agent and an accelerator, and crushing to a particle size of 100 mu m to prepare a dry basis;

(3) Uniformly mixing the active ingredients with a solvent to obtain a liquid matrix;

(4) Uniformly spraying the liquid matrix prepared in the step (3) onto the dry matrix prepared in the step (2), and stirring at a rotation speed of 500r/min for 18min to obtain the medicament for preventing and treating the plantain ear blight.

Example 2

(1) Weighing 10 parts of active ingredients (prothioconazole, pyraclostrobin and thifluzamide in a mass ratio of 1:1:2), 35 parts of solvents (N, N-dimethylacetamide), 4 parts of accelerators (a mixture of dimethyl sulfoxide and garlic extract in a mass ratio of 3:5), 2 parts of dispersing agents (sodium lignosulfonate), 5 parts of wetting agents (sodium dodecyl sulfate) and 20 parts of fillers (attapulgite) according to parts by weight for standby;

(2) Uniformly mixing a filler, a wetting agent, a dispersing agent and an accelerator, and crushing to a particle size of 80 mu m to prepare a dry basis;

(3) Uniformly mixing the active ingredients with a solvent to obtain a liquid matrix;

(4) Uniformly spraying the liquid matrix prepared in the step (3) onto the dry matrix prepared in the step (2), and stirring at a rotation speed of 600r/min for 22min to obtain the medicament for preventing and treating the plantain ear blight.

Example 3

(1) Weighing 60 parts of active ingredients (prothioconazole, pyraclostrobin and thifluzamide in a mass ratio of 1:1:2), 15 parts of solvent (methanol), 15 parts of accelerator (a mixture of dimethyl sulfoxide and garlic extract in a mass ratio of 3:5), 4 parts of dispersing agent (sodium benzenesulfonate), 9 parts of wetting agent (nekal) and 30 parts of filler (diatomite) according to parts by weight for later use;

(2) Uniformly mixing a filler, a wetting agent, a dispersing agent and an accelerator, and crushing to a particle size of 120 mu m to prepare a dry basis;

(3) Uniformly mixing the active ingredients with a solvent to obtain a liquid matrix;

(4) Uniformly spraying the liquid matrix prepared in the step (3) onto the dry matrix prepared in the step (2), and stirring at a rotation speed of 700r/min for 20min to obtain the medicament for preventing and treating the plantain ear blight.

Example 4

(1) Weighing 30 parts of active ingredients (prothioconazole, pyraclostrobin and thifluzamide in a mass ratio of 1:1:2), 20 parts of solvents (dimethylbenzene), 11 parts of accelerators (a mixture of dimethyl sulfoxide and garlic extract in a mass ratio of 3:5), 4 parts of dispersing agents (sodium polycarboxylate), 8 parts of wetting agents (sodium dodecyl sulfate) and 25 parts of fillers (kaolin) according to parts by weight for later use;

(2) Uniformly mixing a filler, a wetting agent, a dispersing agent and an accelerator, and crushing to a particle size of 50 mu m to prepare a dry basis;

(3) Uniformly mixing the active ingredients with a solvent to obtain a liquid matrix;

(4) Uniformly spraying the liquid matrix prepared in the step (3) onto the dry matrix prepared in the step (2), and stirring at a rotation speed of 500r/min for 25min to obtain the medicament for preventing and treating the plantain ear blight.

Example 5

(1) Weighing 35 parts of active ingredients (prothioconazole, pyraclostrobin and thifluzamide in a mass ratio of 1:1:2), 30 parts of solvents (dimethylbenzene), 15 parts of accelerators (a mixture of dimethyl sulfoxide and garlic extract in a mass ratio of 3:5), 2 parts of dispersing agents (sodium benzenesulfonate), 6 parts of wetting agents (Chinese honeylocust) and 28 parts of fillers (kaolin) according to parts by weight for later use;

(2) Uniformly mixing a filler, a wetting agent, a dispersing agent and an accelerator, and crushing to a particle size of 80 mu m to prepare a dry basis;

(3) Uniformly mixing the active ingredients with a solvent to obtain a liquid matrix;

(4) Uniformly spraying the liquid matrix prepared in the step (3) onto the dry matrix prepared in the step (2), and stirring at a rotation speed of 800r/min for 15min to obtain the medicament for preventing and treating the plantain ear blight.

Comparative example 1

The difference from example 1 is that the active ingredients are pyraclostrobin and thifluzamide in a mass ratio of 1:2.

Comparative example 2

The difference from example 1 is that the active ingredients are prothioconazole and thifluzamide with a mass ratio of 1:2.

Comparative example 3

The difference from example 1 is that the active ingredients are prothioconazole and pyraclostrobin with a mass ratio of 1:1.

Comparative example 4

The difference from example 1 is that the active ingredients are prothioconazole, pyraclostrobin and thifluzamide with a mass ratio of 1:3:2.

Comparative example 5

The difference from example 1 is that the active ingredient is prothioconazole.

Comparative example 6

The difference from example 1 is that pyraclostrobin is the active ingredient.

Comparative example 7

The difference from example 1 is only that the active ingredient is thifluzamide.

Comparative example 8

The same as in example 1 was except that 80 parts of the active ingredient (prothioconazole, pyraclostrobin and thifluzamide in a mass ratio of 1:1:2), 10 parts of the solvent (toluene), 25 parts of the accelerator (a mixture of dimethyl sulfoxide and garlic extract in a mass ratio of 3:5), 6 parts of the dispersant (sodium polycarboxylate), 2 parts of the wetting agent (saponite) and 12 parts of the filler (pyrophyllite) were weighed in parts by weight for use.

Comparative example 9

The difference from example 1 is only that in step (2), the particles were pulverized to a particle size of 250. Mu.m.

Comparative example 10

The difference from example 1 was that in the step (4), the stirring speed was 800r/min and the time was 12min.

Comparative example 11

40 Parts of active ingredients (prothioconazole, pyraclostrobin and thifluzamide in a mass ratio of 1:1:2), 20 parts of solvent (toluene), 12 parts of accelerator (a mixture of dimethyl sulfoxide and garlic extract in a mass ratio of 3:5), 3 parts of dispersing agent (sodium polycarboxylate), 7 parts of wetting agent (gleditsia sinensis lam) and 24 parts of filler (pyrophyllite) are weighed according to parts by weight, and stirred for 18min at a rotation speed of 500 r/min.

And (3) field efficacy test:

selecting 17 test fields (selecting plots with the disease of plantain ear blight in the past year), diluting the medicaments prepared in examples 1-5 and comparative examples 1-11 by 500 times with water, spraying the medicaments in 16 test fields respectively at the earlier stage of heading, wherein the spraying amount is 200g/m ², then spraying the medicaments again at intervals of 10 days for 3 times, and respectively investigating, recording the disease condition of plantain ear blight on the 10 th, 30 th and 50 th days (the disease is basically shaped in the field), wherein the other test field is a control group, and the result is shown in table 1.

TABLE 1 disease Rate of different plantain ear blight

Disease rate of plantain ear blight%o diseased plants/total planted plants.

According to the disease condition in the field, the plantain ear blight is classified into 6 grades, and the specific grading standard is as follows:

Level 0: the whole spike is free from diseases;

stage 1: the disease length of the spike is less than 1/10 of the total spike length;

2 stages: the disease length of the spike is greater than or equal to 1/10 of the total spike length and less than 1/5 of the total spike length;

3 stages: the disease length of the spike is greater than or equal to 1/5 of the total spike length and less than 1/3 of the total spike length;

4 stages: the disease length of the spike is greater than or equal to 1/3 of the total spike length and less than 1/2 of the total spike length;

5 stages: the disease length of the spike is greater than or equal to 1/2 of the total spike length, and the spike is dead;

The control zone is the control group, and the treatment zone is the treatment group of the examples and the comparative examples;

The results of the investigation are shown in Table 2.

TABLE 2 investigation of Plantago asiatica disease (50 days after the first dose)

As can be seen from tables 1 and 2, the control effect of the agent prepared in the examples of the present invention on plantain ear blight is significantly higher than that of the comparative examples, and long-acting control can be achieved by only 3 continuous applications, and the plantain disease level in the experimental plots of the examples is significantly lower than that of the comparative examples under investigation on 50 th day after the agent (the disease is basically shaped in the field).

The above embodiments are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the design spirit of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The medicament for preventing and treating the plantain ear blight is characterized in that the active ingredients of the medicament are prothioconazole, pyraclostrobin and thifluzamide;

The mass ratio of the prothioconazole to the pyraclostrobin to the thifluzamide is 1:1:2;

the medicament comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-60 parts of active ingredient, 15-35 parts of solvent, 4-15 parts of accelerator, 2-4 parts of dispersing agent, 5-9 parts of wetting agent and 20-30 parts of filler;

The promoter comprises dimethyl sulfoxide and Bulbus Allii extractive solution.

2. The medicament of claim 1, wherein the dispersant is one or more of a polycarboxylate, a benzenesulfonate or a lignosulfonate.

3. The medicament of claim 1, wherein the humectant is one or more of honey locust, sodium lauryl sulfate, or nekal.

4. The medicament according to claim 1, wherein the filler is one or more of attapulgite, diatomaceous earth, pyrophyllite, kaolin or china clay, and the solvent is toluene, N-dimethylacetamide, methanol or xylene.

5. A method for preparing the agent for controlling the ear blight of plantain according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:

(1) Weighing the effective components, the solvent, the accelerator, the dispersing agent, the wetting agent and the filler according to parts by weight for standby;

(2) Uniformly mixing the filler, the wetting agent, the dispersing agent and the accelerator, and crushing to prepare a dry base;

(3) Uniformly mixing the active ingredients with a solvent to obtain a liquid matrix;

(4) And (3) uniformly spraying the liquid matrix prepared in the step (3) onto the dry matrix prepared in the step (2), and stirring to obtain the medicament for preventing and treating the plantain ear blight.

6. The process according to claim 5, wherein in the step (2), the particles are pulverized to a particle size of 50 to 120. Mu.m.

7. The method according to claim 5, wherein in the step (4), the stirring speed is 500-800 r/min for 15-25 min.