CN115136927B - Egg hatching method and egg hatching device - Google Patents
Egg hatching method and egg hatching device Download PDFInfo
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- CN115136927B CN115136927B CN202210583661.6A CN202210583661A CN115136927B CN 115136927 B CN115136927 B CN 115136927B CN 202210583661 A CN202210583661 A CN 202210583661A CN 115136927 B CN115136927 B CN 115136927B
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- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000005457 ice water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 abstract description 14
- 235000013330 chicken meat Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037237 body shape Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013594 poultry meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000009705 sanhuang Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K41/00—Incubators for poultry
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K41/00—Incubators for poultry
- A01K41/02—Heating arrangements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K41/00—Incubators for poultry
- A01K41/02—Heating arrangements
- A01K41/023—Devices for regulating temperature
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K41/00—Incubators for poultry
- A01K41/04—Controlling humidity in incubators
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K43/00—Testing, sorting or cleaning eggs ; Conveying devices ; Pick-up devices
- A01K43/005—Cleaning, washing of eggs
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
- Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an egg hatching method and an egg hatching device, and relates to the technical field of artificial chicken raising. The egg hatching method comprises the steps of seed selection, sterilization, chilling, pressurized hatching, air turbulence and the like, and the steps are realized by adopting devices such as a hatching tray, a cover plate, a rotating shaft, stirring blades and the like. The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art, improves the hatching rate of the artificially hatched eggs, simultaneously improves the activity of the chicks after the eggs are hatched, reduces the breeding mortality rate of the chicks, reduces the cost of the artificially hatched and raised chickens, and improves the economic benefit of breeding.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of artificial chicken raising, in particular to an egg hatching method and an egg hatching device.
Background
Chickens are the most common poultry raised by human beings, 107 local chicken varieties in China exist at present, the local chickens have distinct body shapes and appearance characteristics, are obviously superior to foreign introduced varieties in the aspects of adaptability, disease resistance, meat and egg flavor and the like, contain huge genetic diversity, and are inexhaustible springs for innovation of new varieties.
Because the market of chicken raising is prosperous, generally, chicken farms mostly adopt a manual incubation mode to incubate eggs, the existing incubation mode mostly comprises the steps of placing eggs in an incubation box, and ensuring incubation of the eggs through humidity and temperature control, but the incubation rate of the eggs is 80-90% in the ordinary incubation process, and the death rate of the incubated chickens is 4-6% in the normal feeding process of 0-60 days, so that certain economic loss is brought to practical cultivation.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the egg hatching method and the egg hatching device provided by the invention have the advantages that the hatching rate of artificially hatching eggs is improved, the activity of chickens after hatching the eggs is improved, the breeding mortality rate of chickens is reduced, the cost of artificially hatching and raising chickens is reduced, and the economic benefit of breeding is improved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an egg hatching method, comprising the steps of:
(1) seed selection: selecting fertilized eggs with proper sizes, wherein the surface is required to be complete and the storage period is 3-7d;
(2) and (3) finishing: wiping the surfaces of the eggs, sterilizing by adopting an ethanol solution, spraying ice water on the surfaces for cleaning, and wiping the surfaces to obtain the eggs to be hatched for later use;
(3) hatching: placing the eggs to be hatched in a constant temperature incubator, fixing the lower ends of the eggs, and applying a weight of 30-50g to the upper ends of the eggs for hatching.
Preferably, the concentration of the ethanol for sterilization in the step (2) is 85%.
Preferably, the egg is turned every 5-6 days in the hatching process, meanwhile, the flowing air flow in the hatching box is ensured, and ventilation treatment is carried out on the interior every 2-3 days.
Preferably, the temperature is maintained between 37 and 40 ℃ and the humidity is maintained between 55 and 70% during the hatching process.
The hatching device comprises an incubator and a box door with the front ends of the incubator being opposite to each other, wherein a hatching mechanism is arranged in the center of the interior of the incubator, and a temperature control mechanism is arranged on a backboard in the interior of the incubator; the hatching mechanism comprises a hatching tray and a cover plate arranged at the upper end of the hatching tray, a plurality of placing grooves for placing eggs are formed in the upper surface of the hatching tray, top grooves matched with the placing grooves are formed in the bottom of the cover plate, buffer layers are arranged in the top grooves and the placing grooves, fixing blocks are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the cover plate, and the upper ends of the fixing blocks are connected with the top of a hatching box through lifting mechanisms.
Preferably, the temperature control mechanism comprises an inner groove arranged in the back plate of the incubator and a circle of heating ring arranged in the center of the inner groove, the rotating shaft penetrates through the center of the heating ring to be connected with an external driving mechanism, and a plurality of stirring blades are uniformly distributed around the rotating shaft in the incubator.
Preferably, the inner groove is provided with a humidity adjusting hole and an air vent, the humidity adjusting hole is communicated with an external humidity adjusting device, and the air vent is directly communicated with the outside through a valve.
Preferably, sliding rails are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the interior of the incubator, side plates are symmetrically arranged at corresponding positions of two ends of the incubation tray, and idler wheels matched with the sliding rails are arranged at the lower ends of the side plates.
Preferably, a plurality of concave air guide grooves are formed in the upper surface of the cover plate, air guide holes are formed in the cover plate between the top grooves in a penetrating mode, and the air guide holes are communicated with the air guide grooves.
Preferably, the box door is made of transparent materials.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides an egg hatching method and an egg hatching device, which have the following beneficial effects:
1. the surface of the egg is sterilized and then sprayed with ice water for short chilling, so that the activity of the egg can be effectively improved, the hatching rate of the egg can be effectively improved by matching with the pressure control and air flow disturbance of the egg, and the survival rate of the chicks after hatching of the egg is improved;
2. the cover plate combined hatching tray can effectively pressurize eggs in the hatching process, and meanwhile, through the arrangement of the inner grooves, the heating rings, the rotating shafts and the stirring blades in the temperature control mechanism, the continuous disturbance of air flow in the box is ensured while the uniformity of temperature conduction is ensured, the air flow disturbance in the whole hatching process is conveniently controlled, and the convenience of artificial hatching is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic elevational view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the incubator of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a temperature control mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the hatching mechanism of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic bottom view of the cover plate of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. an incubator; 2. a door; 3. a hatching mechanism; 31. hatching tray; 310. a placement groove; 311. a side plate; 312. a roller; 32. a cover plate; 321. an air guide groove; 322. an air guide hole; 323. a fixed block; 324. a top groove; 33. a slide rail; 4. a lifting mechanism; 5. a temperature control mechanism; 501. an inner groove; 502. a heating ring; 503. a rotating shaft; 504. stirring the leaves; 505. a humidity regulating hole; 506. and an air vent.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1-5, an incubator comprises an incubator 1 and a transparent door 2 with the front end of the incubator 1 being opposite to each other, wherein an incubation mechanism 3 is arranged in the center of the inside of the incubator 1, the incubation mechanism 3 comprises an incubation tray 31 and a cover plate 32 arranged at the upper end of the incubation tray 31, sliding rails 33 are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the inside of the incubator 1, side plates 311 are symmetrically arranged at corresponding positions at two ends of the incubation tray 31, and idler wheels 312 matched with the sliding rails 33 are arranged at the lower ends of the side plates 311; the hatching dish 31 upper surface sets up a plurality of standing grooves 310 that supplies the egg to place, apron 32 bottom is provided with the roof groove 324 with standing groove 310 assorted, roof groove 324 and the inside buffer layer that all is provided with of standing groove 310, apron 32 left and right sides symmetry is provided with fixed block 323, fixed block 323 upper end is connected with incubator 1 top through elevating system 4, apron 32 upper surface is provided with the air guide groove 321 of a plurality of indent, and runs through on the apron 32 between the roof groove 324 and be provided with air vent 322, and air vent 322 is linked together with air guide groove 321.
The temperature control mechanism 5 is arranged on the inner backboard of the incubator 1, the temperature control mechanism 5 comprises an inner groove 501 arranged in the inner backboard of the incubator 1, a circle of heating ring 502 is arranged in the center of the inner groove 501, a rotating shaft 503 penetrates through the center of the heating ring 502 and is connected with an external driving mechanism, and a plurality of stirring blades 504 are uniformly distributed around the rotating shaft 503 in the incubator 1; the inner groove 501 is provided with a humidity adjusting hole 505 and an air vent 506, the humidity adjusting hole 505 is communicated with an external humidity adjusting device, and the air vent 506 is directly communicated with the outside through a valve.
Example 2:
an egg hatching method, comprising the steps of:
(1) seed selection: selecting eggs with proper size and complete surface with a storage period of 3-7d as hatching eggs;
(2) and (3) finishing: wiping the surface of the egg, spraying and sterilizing with 85% ethanol solution, spraying ice water to clean the surface, and wiping with cotton cloth to absorb water on the surface to obtain an egg to be hatched for later use;
(3) hatching: the eggs to be hatched are placed in the hatching device in the embodiment 1, the eggs are placed in the placing groove 310, the hatching tray 31 filled with the eggs is installed in the hatching box 1 through the sliding rail 33, the lifting mechanism 4 is started to enable the cover plate 32 to move downwards, the top groove 324 applies pressure of 30-50g weight to the tops of the eggs, the heating temperature is controlled to be 37-40 ℃ through the heating ring 502, the external driving mechanism is started to enable the rotating shaft 503 to drive the stirring blades 504 to rotate, the air in the hatching box 1 is stirred, the heating conduction is uniform, the air conduction is dispersed through the air guide grooves 321 and the air guide holes 322 on the cover plate 32 during the air conduction, the even disturbance of the temperature conduction and the air flow to the eggs is further guaranteed, meanwhile, the humidity in the hatching box 1 is controlled to be 55% -70% through the humidity adjusting holes 505, the air exchanging holes 506 are opened every 2-3 days, the interior of the hatching box 1 is ventilated, and the eggs are overturned every 5-6 days.
Comparative example 1:
an egg hatching method, wherein (1) and (3) are the same as in example 2,
the step (2) is as follows: wiping the surface of the egg, spraying and sterilizing by adopting an ethanol solution with concentration of 85%, and wiping and sucking the surface by adopting cotton cloth to obtain the egg to be hatched for later use;
comparative example 2
An egg hatching method, wherein (1) and (2) are the same as in example 2;
the step (3) is as follows: placing the eggs to be hatched in an incubator with the model zn-2112SYJ, adjusting the hatching temperature to be between 37 and 40 ℃, adjusting the hatching humidity to be between 55 and 70 percent, and overturning the eggs every 5 to 6 days.
And (3) detection:
selecting eggs of Anhui nan Sanhuang chickens mixed and raised in the same raising field, selecting three thousand eggs meeting the standard as hatching eggs, hatching according to the hatching modes of the embodiment 2 and the comparative examples 1-2 respectively to obtain final hatched chicks, raising the chicks in the same proper environment for 60 days, and calculating the survival rate of the chicks after the hatching of each group, wherein the number of unfertilized eggs of each group is removed and calculated when the hatching rate is calculated, and the specific results are shown in the following table:
| group of | Example 2 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 |
| Hatchability (%) | 95.8 | 95.6 | 91.2 |
| Survival rate of 60d (%) | 98.9 | 97.1 | 95.2 |
From the table, the egg hatching rate of the young chickens hatched in the later period can be effectively improved by adopting ice water to stimulate the eggs in a very short time, and meanwhile, the hatching rate of the eggs can be effectively ensured by adopting the device of the embodiment 1 to pressurize, vortex and ventilate the eggs, so that the economic benefit of whole breeding is improved.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An egg hatching method is characterized in that: the egg hatching method comprises the following steps:
(1) seed selection: selecting fertilized eggs with proper sizes, wherein the surface is required to be complete and the storage period is 3-7d;
(2) and (3) finishing: wiping the surfaces of the eggs, sterilizing by adopting an ethanol solution, spraying ice water on the surfaces for cleaning, and wiping the surfaces to obtain the eggs to be hatched for later use;
(3) hatching: placing the eggs to be hatched in a constant temperature incubator, fixing the lower ends of the eggs, and applying a weight of 30-50g to the upper ends of the eggs for hatching;
the egg is turned every 5-6 days in the hatching process, meanwhile, the flowing air flow in the hatching box is ensured, and ventilation treatment is carried out on the interior every 2-3 days;
the temperature is kept between 37 and 40 ℃ and the humidity is kept between 55 and 70% in the hatching process.
2. An egg hatching method according to claim 1, wherein said sterilizing ethanol in step (2) has a concentration of 85%.
3. An incubator comprises an incubator (1) and a door (2) with the front end of the incubator (1) being opposite to each other, and is characterized in that an incubation mechanism (3) is arranged in the center of the inside of the incubator (1), and a temperature control mechanism (5) is arranged on a backboard in the incubator (1);
hatching mechanism (3) are including apron (32) that hatching dish (31) and hatching dish (31) upper end set up, hatching dish (31) upper surface sets up a plurality of standing grooves (310) that supply the egg to place, apron (32) bottom is provided with roof groove (324) with standing groove (310) assorted, roof groove (324) and standing groove (310) inside all are provided with the buffer layer, apron (32) left and right sides symmetry is provided with fixed block (323), fixed block (323) upper end is connected with incubator (1) top through elevating system (4).
4. The incubation device according to claim 3, wherein the temperature control mechanism (5) comprises an inner groove (501) arranged in the back plate of the incubator (1), and a circle of heating ring (502) arranged in the center of the inner groove (501), the rotating shaft (503) penetrates through the center of the heating ring (502) to be connected with an external driving mechanism, and a plurality of stirring blades (504) are uniformly distributed around the rotating shaft (503) in the incubator (1).
5. The incubator of claim 4, wherein the inner groove (501) is provided with a humidity adjusting hole (505) and an air vent (506), the humidity adjusting hole (505) is communicated with an external humidity adjusting device, and the air vent (506) is directly communicated with the outside through a valve.
6. An incubator according to claim 3, wherein sliding rails (33) are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the interior of the incubator (1), side plates (311) are symmetrically arranged at corresponding positions of two ends of the incubation tray (31), and rollers (312) matched with the sliding rails (33) are arranged at the lower ends of the side plates (311).
7. The device according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of concave air guide grooves (321) are formed in the upper surface of the cover plate (32), air guide holes (322) are formed in the cover plate (32) between the top grooves (324) in a penetrating manner, and the air guide holes (322) are communicated with the air guide grooves (321).
8. An incubator as claimed in claim 3, wherein the door (2) is made of transparent material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210583661.6A CN115136927B (en) | 2022-05-25 | 2022-05-25 | Egg hatching method and egg hatching device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210583661.6A CN115136927B (en) | 2022-05-25 | 2022-05-25 | Egg hatching method and egg hatching device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115136927A CN115136927A (en) | 2022-10-04 |
| CN115136927B true CN115136927B (en) | 2023-12-01 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210583661.6A Active CN115136927B (en) | 2022-05-25 | 2022-05-25 | Egg hatching method and egg hatching device |
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| CN115136927A (en) | 2022-10-04 |
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