CN115110022A - 三合一氮碳共渗气氮铁质炊具制造方法及应用 - Google Patents

三合一氮碳共渗气氮铁质炊具制造方法及应用 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN115110022A
CN115110022A CN202210844204.8A CN202210844204A CN115110022A CN 115110022 A CN115110022 A CN 115110022A CN 202210844204 A CN202210844204 A CN 202210844204A CN 115110022 A CN115110022 A CN 115110022A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
furnace
temperature
gas
nitrocarburizing
manufacturing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202210844204.8A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
周和平
王科
李治龙
陈晶
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zhejiang Bach Kitchenware Co ltd
Original Assignee
Zhejiang Bach Kitchenware Co ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zhejiang Bach Kitchenware Co ltd filed Critical Zhejiang Bach Kitchenware Co ltd
Priority to CN202210844204.8A priority Critical patent/CN115110022A/zh
Publication of CN115110022A publication Critical patent/CN115110022A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/28Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases more than one element being applied in one step
    • C23C8/30Carbo-nitriding
    • C23C8/32Carbo-nitriding of ferrous surfaces
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47JKITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J36/00Parts, details or accessories of cooking-vessels
    • A47J36/02Selection of specific materials, e.g. heavy bottoms with copper inlay or with insulating inlay
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/02Pretreatment of the material to be coated
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/34Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases more than one element being applied in more than one step

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)

Abstract

本申请提供了一种三合一氮碳共渗气氮铁质炊具制造方法,包括以下步骤:A)铁质炊具前处理;B)活化材料表面,温度达到300‑400,再通入氨气与二氧化碳,保温0.5小时,炉内压力为80‑110Pa;C氮碳共渗,温度达到510‑560℃,再通入氨气与二氧化碳,保温3.5小时,炉内压力为100‑130Pa,氨气与二氧化碳的体积比为10:1,氨气与二氧化碳的总供给量不少于每小时8m3;D氧化复合强化处理,温度达到520‑530℃的温度,向炉内通入蒸馏水、三乙醇胺和乙醇的混合液体,保温1.5小时,压力为100‑130Pa。以达到低温氮化,提高了产品的耐腐蚀性并延长炉子寿命的目的。

Description

三合一氮碳共渗气氮铁质炊具制造方法及应用
技术领域
本申请涉及金属表面处理技术领域,尤其涉及三合一氮碳共渗气氮铁质炊具制造方法。
背景技术
碳氮共渗是以渗碳为主同时渗入氮的化学热处理工艺。它在一定程度上克服了渗氮层硬度虽高但渗层较浅,而渗碳层虽硬化深度大,但表面硬度较低的缺点。
应用较广泛的只有气体法和盐浴法。气体碳氮共渗介质是渗碳剂和渗氮剂的混合气,例如滴煤油(或乙醇、丙酮)、通氨;吸热或放热型气体中酌加高碳势富化气并通氨;三乙醇胺或溶入尿素的醇连续滴注。[C]、[N]原子的产生机制除与渗碳、渗氮相同外,还有共渗剂之间的合成和分解:
CO+NH3===HCN+H2O
CH4+NH3===HCN+3H2
2HCN===2[C]+2[N]+H2
碳氮共渗并淬火、回火后的组织为含氮马氏体、碳氮化合物和残余奥氏体。深0.6~ 1.0mm的碳氮共渗层的强度、耐磨性与深1.0~1.5mm的渗碳层相当。为减少变形,中等载荷齿轮等可用低于870℃的碳氮共渗代替930℃进行的渗碳。
碳氮共渗是在模具零件表层同时渗入碳、氮的热处理过程。碳氮共渗温度较渗碳温度低,因而渗碳过程中奥氏体晶粒较细小,共渗后一般可直接淬火。
但是目前铁质炊具采用碳氮共渗的制造过程中依然存在着容易出现氢脆或变形严重的问题以及能耗过高的问题和氮化膜耐盐水腐蚀性能不佳问题。
发明内容
本申请的目的在于提供一种三合一氮碳共渗气氮铁质炊具制造方法,以达到低温氮化,提高了产品的耐腐蚀性并延长炉子寿命的目的。
本申请的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的:一种三合一氮碳共渗气氮铁质炊具制造方法,包括以下步骤:
A)铁质炊具前处理;
B)活化材料表面,提升炉内温度至300-400℃,再通入氨气与二氧化碳,保持炉内温度300-400℃持续0.4-0.6小时,同时保持炉内压力为80-110Pa;
C)氮碳共渗,提升炉内温度至510-560℃,再通入氨气与二氧化碳,保持炉内温度510-560℃持续3-5小时,同时保持炉内压力为100-130Pa,所述氨气与二氧化碳的体积比为10:1,所述氨气与二氧化碳的总供给量不少于每小时8m3
D)氧化复合强化处理,降低炉内温度至520-530℃的温度,向炉内通入蒸馏水、三乙醇胺和乙醇的混合液体,保持炉内温度为520-530℃持续1-2小时,同时保持炉内压力为100-130Pa。
上述步骤A具体为SPCC材质经过拉伸或者旋压成型后,通过擦汽油去除锅体内外表面油污,上架进入氮化炉。
上架进入氮化炉前用5%盐酸进行酸洗10秒左右。
上述步骤B中所述氨气与二氧化碳的体积比为15:1。
上述步骤D中通入的蒸馏水、三乙醇胺和乙醇混合液体质量为12.5千克。
上述铁质炊具为铁锅。
一种铁质炊具,由上述方法制造得到。
本申请的有益之处在于:通过上述技术方案实现了低温氮化,节省了能源和提升了效率。避免了由于温度过高出现的爆条或变形严重的问题。提高了产品的耐腐蚀性。无需进行淬火或回火处理,直接使用板材进行旋压或拉伸加工即可。降低了氮化炉杂质残留,大大延长了退氮间隔时间以延长炉子寿命。
具体实施方式
下面对本申请的优选方式详细地进行说明,为了使本技术领域的人员更好的理解本申请方案,下面将结合本申请实施例,对本申请中实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述。以下实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法,通常按照常规条件,或按照制造厂商所建议的条件。
SPCC材质经过拉伸或者旋压成型后通过擦汽油去除锅体内外表面油污,上架(直口上扣架,卷边上挂架)进入检验合格的氮化炉进行氮化。
试验锅上架前用5%盐酸进行酸洗10秒,消除不锈钢氧化膜。
气体氮化过程分三段。进炉到出炉时间为12小时。
化学方程式如下:
2NH3=3H2+2[N]
Fe+[N]=Fe(N)
4Fe+[N]=Fe4N
(2-3)Fe+[N]=Fe(2-3)N
2Fe+[N]=Fe2N
CO2+2H2=2H2O+[C]
3Fe+[C]=Fe3C
第一阶段为活化材料表面,温度达到300-400摄氏度能破坏阻碍氮扩散的氧化层,通入少量氨气与二氧化碳,比例为15:1,气体供给量每小时为炉胆体积的3.75%-4%,保温时间0.4-0.6小时,炉内压力为80-110Pa。为后期活性氮原子与活性碳原子进入做准备。
第二阶段为氮碳共渗。温度为510-560摄氏度,氨气与二氧化碳的比为10:1,气体供给量每小时不少于8m3,炉内压力为100-130Pa。560摄氏度保温时间为3-5小时。在510-570摄氏度温度下,氨气不断裂解,产生活性氮原子,并与铁原子反应,其中又有部分活性氮原子重新结合成氮气分子,和其他气体不断排除,参与反应的氮原子首先溶解在α-Fe中,再不断向钢件内部扩散,这样表面和心部产生一定浓度差,当α -Fe中不能继续溶解氮原子后便开始形成氮化物,氮化层的形成是高氮化合物分解为低氮化合物形成的。CO2的输入可以预防氮化物的疏松层,从而提升耐磨性。
在渗氮过程中,氮原子优先沿金属的晶界扩散,进而从晶界向晶内扩散,形成氮在铁中的固溶体,当氮含量超过基体金属中的溶解度极限时,发生反应扩散,导致相结构变化,在表面层首先形成氮浓度较低的γ‘相,随渗氮时间的增加,γ‘相开始形成连续薄层。当γ‘相外侧氮浓度达到γ‘的饱和浓度时,即产生ε相晶核。若渗氮时间再延长,γ‘相薄层逐渐向内推移。
第三阶段为氧化复合强化处理。利用与化学热处理符合原理中的氮碳共渗+氧化(着色)提升铁锅抗蚀性。在520-530摄氏度的温度下,分解以蒸馏水、三乙醇胺、乙醇等混合液体12.5千克。使铁锅表面发生氧化产生Fe3C,保温时间为1-2小时,炉内压力为100-130Pa。Fe3C能有效提高耐腐蚀性。现有的二段氮化法生产的产品耐腐蚀性不大于1.5H,而采用本申请方法生产的产品耐腐蚀性最高可达到10H。
下面结合表1来说明在不同保温温度和时间所制得产品的变形量和耐腐蚀情况,其中步骤活化材料表面简称活化、氮碳共渗、步骤氧化复合强化处理简称氧化。
表1
Figure BDA0003751679720000041
以上描述仅为本公开的一些较佳实施例以及对所运用技术原理的说明。本领域技术人员应当理解,本公开的实施例中所涉及的发明范围,并不限于上述技术特征的特定组合而成的技术方案,同时也应涵盖在不脱离上述发明构思的情况下,由上述技术特征或其等同特征进行任意组合而形成的其它技术方案。例如上述特征与本公开的实施例中公开的(但不限于)具有类似功能的技术特征进行互相替换而形成的技术方案。

Claims (8)

1.三合一氮碳共渗气氮铁质炊具制造方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
A)铁质炊具前处理;
B)活化材料表面,提升炉内温度至300-400℃,再通入氨气与二氧化碳,保持炉内温度300-400℃持续0.4-0.6小时,同时保持炉内压力为80-110Pa;
C)氮碳共渗,提升炉内温度至510-560℃,再通入氨气与二氧化碳,保持炉内温度510-560℃持续3-5小时,同时保持炉内压力为100-130Pa,所述氨气与二氧化碳的总供给量不少于每小时8m3
D)氧化复合强化处理,降低炉内温度至520-530℃的温度,向炉内通入蒸馏水、三乙醇胺和乙醇的混合液体,保持炉内温度为520-530℃持续1-2小时,同时保持炉内压力为100-130Pa。
2.根据权利要求1所述三合一氮碳共渗气氮铁质炊具制造方法,其特征在于:所述步骤A具体为SPCC材质经过拉伸或者旋压成型后,通过擦汽油去除锅体内外表面油污,上架进入氮化炉。
3.根据权利要求2所述三合一氮碳共渗气氮铁质炊具制造方法,其特征在于:上架进入氮化炉前用5%盐酸进行酸洗10秒。
4.根据权利要求1所述三合一氮碳共渗气氮铁质炊具制造方法,其特征在于:所述步骤B中所述氨气与二氧化碳的体积比为15:1。
5.根据权利要求1所述三合一氮碳共渗气氮铁质炊具制造方法,其特征在于:所述步骤C中所述氨气与二氧化碳的体积比为10:1。
6.根据权利要求1所述三合一氮碳共渗气氮铁质炊具制造方法,其特征在于:所述步骤D中通入的蒸馏水、三乙醇胺和乙醇混合液体质量为12.5千克,占炉胆体积的1.5倍。
7.根据权利要求1所述三合一氮碳共渗气氮铁质炊具制造方法,其特征在于:所述铁质炊具为铁锅。
8.一种铁质炊具,其特征在于:由权利要求1至7任意一项所述方法制造得到。
CN202210844204.8A 2022-07-18 2022-07-18 三合一氮碳共渗气氮铁质炊具制造方法及应用 Pending CN115110022A (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210844204.8A CN115110022A (zh) 2022-07-18 2022-07-18 三合一氮碳共渗气氮铁质炊具制造方法及应用

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210844204.8A CN115110022A (zh) 2022-07-18 2022-07-18 三合一氮碳共渗气氮铁质炊具制造方法及应用

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN115110022A true CN115110022A (zh) 2022-09-27

Family

ID=83332848

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202210844204.8A Pending CN115110022A (zh) 2022-07-18 2022-07-18 三合一氮碳共渗气氮铁质炊具制造方法及应用

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN115110022A (zh)

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1126769A (zh) * 1995-06-15 1996-07-17 铁道部科学研究院金属及化学研究所 一种防锈铁炊具的制造方法
CN101896632A (zh) * 2007-12-13 2010-11-24 杜费里特有限责任公司 产生经渗氮或碳氮共渗的钢制零件的耐腐蚀表面的方法
CN102844459A (zh) * 2009-08-07 2012-12-26 世伟洛克公司 低真空下的低温渗碳
CN103334077A (zh) * 2013-06-26 2013-10-02 广州市机电工业研究所 一种金属工件的低温气体快速渗氮复合处理工艺
CN213757796U (zh) * 2020-09-01 2021-07-23 武汉安在厨具有限公司 一种防腐耐磨铁锅
JP2022084983A (ja) * 2020-11-27 2022-06-08 エア・ウォーターNv株式会社 鋼材の表面処理方法
CN114686799A (zh) * 2022-04-19 2022-07-01 山东科技大学 金属氮化、氧化然后还原的表面处理方法

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1126769A (zh) * 1995-06-15 1996-07-17 铁道部科学研究院金属及化学研究所 一种防锈铁炊具的制造方法
CN101896632A (zh) * 2007-12-13 2010-11-24 杜费里特有限责任公司 产生经渗氮或碳氮共渗的钢制零件的耐腐蚀表面的方法
CN102844459A (zh) * 2009-08-07 2012-12-26 世伟洛克公司 低真空下的低温渗碳
CN103334077A (zh) * 2013-06-26 2013-10-02 广州市机电工业研究所 一种金属工件的低温气体快速渗氮复合处理工艺
CN213757796U (zh) * 2020-09-01 2021-07-23 武汉安在厨具有限公司 一种防腐耐磨铁锅
JP2022084983A (ja) * 2020-11-27 2022-06-08 エア・ウォーターNv株式会社 鋼材の表面処理方法
CN114686799A (zh) * 2022-04-19 2022-07-01 山东科技大学 金属氮化、氧化然后还原的表面处理方法

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4154629A (en) Process of case hardening martensitic stainless steels
Gräfen et al. New developments in thermo-chemical diffusion processes
CN110257761B (zh) 一种无涂层耐磨防锈不粘铁锅及其制造工艺
Slycke et al. Kinetics of the gaseous nitrocarburising process
US7794551B1 (en) Carburization of metal articles
GB1431747A (en) Process for carburizing high alloy steels
CN107245691B (zh) 金属材料复合热处理表面强化方法
US4519853A (en) Method of carburizing workpiece
US5344502A (en) Surface hardened 300 series stainless steel
CN115110022A (zh) 三合一氮碳共渗气氮铁质炊具制造方法及应用
US6328819B1 (en) Method and use of an apparatus for the thermal treatment, in particular nitriding treatment, of metal workpieces
US4359351A (en) Protective atmosphere process for annealing and or spheroidizing ferrous metals
WO2015125767A1 (ja) 機械部品の製造方法
CN109182696B (zh) 一种三代渗碳钢材料氮化表面改性方法
GB2328953A (en) A process for hardening high alloy steels
Tikhonov Chemicothermal treatment in large-scale production
JP5837282B2 (ja) 表面改質方法
RU2686710C2 (ru) Способ изготовления реторты для печи для азотирования и реторта
TWI360579B (zh)
RU2007496C1 (ru) Способ кратковременного газового азотирования стальных изделий
Tikhonov Methods of acceleration of saturation processes during carbonitriding treatment
CN113088867A (zh) 一种提高金属零部件渗碳速度的热处理方法
RU1780340C (ru) Способ химико-термической обработки стальных деталей
Grube et al. Carbonitriding at 1050° C in a Glow-discharge Plasma
KR100950899B1 (ko) 고내식 강재의 제조방법

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination