CN115088426B - Water flow type potato seeding device - Google Patents
Water flow type potato seeding device Download PDFInfo
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- CN115088426B CN115088426B CN202210901418.4A CN202210901418A CN115088426B CN 115088426 B CN115088426 B CN 115088426B CN 202210901418 A CN202210901418 A CN 202210901418A CN 115088426 B CN115088426 B CN 115088426B
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- water flow
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- potato
- liquid
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/004—Sowing using liquid seeding techniques
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/20—Parts of seeders for conducting and depositing seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/20—Parts of seeders for conducting and depositing seed
- A01C7/206—Seed pipes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C9/00—Potato planters
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C9/00—Potato planters
- A01C9/08—Potato planters with other distributing devices, e.g. flaps, screws, horizontal turning plates
Abstract
The invention discloses a water flow type potato sowing device, which comprises a centrifugal sequencing mechanism, a water flow seed conveying mechanism and a circulating water flow mechanism, wherein the centrifugal sequencing mechanism is used for sequencing seed potatoes and sequentially supplying the seed potatoes to the water flow seed conveying mechanism; centrifugal sequencing mechanism, including casing and centrifugal disc, centrifugal disc rotatable mounting is in the casing, and the mechanism is failed to rivers, including defeated kind passageway, defeated kind passageway's entrance point with the opening butt joint of casing, defeated kind passageway includes the bottom plate and is located the baffle of bottom plate both sides, and a plurality of water flow impact mouths of group have been seted up in pairs along length direction to the baffle, and circulation water flow mechanism, including liquid reserve tank and circulating pump, the liquid reserve tank is located the below of defeated kind passageway, and the import and the flowing back passageway intercommunication of liquid reserve tank, the circulating pump setting is in the exit of liquid reserve tank, and this scheme is ordered through using centrifugal force, adopts liquid flow impact to carry out defeated kind, can not hinder kind in the seeding process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of seeding machinery, and particularly relates to a water flow type potato seeding device.
Background
The seed metering device is the core component of the potato planter. At present, the potato seed metering device is mainly divided into a pneumatic seed metering device and a mechanical seed metering device according to the different working principles of the potato seed metering device. The pneumatic seed metering device can be divided into an air suction type seed metering device and an air blowing type seed metering device according to different working principles, the pneumatic seed metering device has good universality, does not damage seeds, has low requirements on geometric dimensions of the seeds, improves the precision of potato sowing, but has complex structure, high manufacturing cost, and extremely high required strength and high price. The mechanical seed sowing device has simple structure and low price, but has obvious rebroadcasting and missed seeding phenomena due to the vibration of the machine tool and the like, has low production efficiency, and simultaneously has large matched power and is easy to damage seeds, thus having large operation loss.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and provides a water flow type potato seeding device which can realize seed delivery by liquid flow impact through reasonable optimization of a structure and sequencing by using centrifugal force, can realize seed damage prevention in the seeding process, and can complete disinfection of potato blocks and plant ash cladding work in one step in the seeding process.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the water flow type potato seeding device comprises a centrifugal sorting mechanism, a water flow seed conveying mechanism and a circulating water flow mechanism, wherein the centrifugal sorting mechanism is used for sequentially supplying seed potatoes to the water flow seed conveying mechanism after sorting, and the circulating water flow mechanism is used for supplying liquid flow for driving the seed potatoes to move for the water flow seed conveying mechanism; the centrifugal sorting mechanism comprises a shell and a centrifugal disc, wherein the centrifugal disc is rotatably arranged in the shell and is used for containing soaking liquid, a notch for discharging seed potatoes is formed in the side wall of the shell, and the centrifugal disc is of a cone structure and is used for driving the seed potatoes in the centrifugal disc to move from bottom to top along the inner wall of the centrifugal disc when the centrifugal disc rotates; the water flow seed conveying mechanism comprises a seed conveying channel, wherein the inlet end of the seed conveying channel is in butt joint with the opening of the shell, the seed conveying channel comprises a bottom plate and baffle plates positioned at two sides of the bottom plate, and a plurality of groups of liquid flow impact ports are formed in pairs along the length direction of the baffle plates and are used for discharging liquid flow so as to convey seed potatoes in the seed conveying channel to the subsequent process side; the outlet end of the seed conveying channel is provided with a liquid discharge channel, and the liquid discharge channel is used for refluxing the liquid flow discharged by the seed conveying channel; the circulating water flow mechanism comprises a liquid storage tank and a circulating pump, wherein the liquid storage tank is positioned below the seed conveying channel, an inlet of the liquid storage tank is communicated with the liquid discharge channel, the circulating pump is arranged at an outlet of the liquid storage tank, and the circulating pump is used for supplying storage liquid of the liquid storage tank to a liquid flow impact port.
In the centrifugal sorting mechanism, the shell comprises a first cylinder body and a second cylinder body, the first cylinder body is a cylindrical barrel, the second cylinder body is a conical barrel, the first end of the conical barrel is in butt joint with the upper side of the cylindrical barrel, and the inner wall of the conical barrel is matched and connected with the inner conical surface of the centrifugal disc to form a complete conical surface for planting potatoes to ascend.
As the preferred scheme, the second end of second barrel is provided with the toper baffle, and the major diameter end of toper baffle is located the below, and with toper barrel port butt joint, the minor diameter end of toper baffle is located the top and is as the reseeding mouth, the junction of toper baffle and defeated kind passageway passes through the opening intercommunication.
As a preferable scheme, the outlet of the circulating pump is connected with a circulating main pipe, the outlet end of the circulating main pipe is divided into a plurality of circulating branches, each group of circulating branches is connected with a corresponding liquid flow impact port, and the circulating pump is used for providing impact liquid flow for the liquid flow impact port, and the impact liquid flow is used for pushing seed potatoes to move.
Preferably, the circulation branch is provided with a liquid flow control valve for adjusting the opening and closing of the liquid flow impact port and the liquid flow.
As a preferable scheme, the outlet of the circulating main pipe is also provided with a liquid supplementing pipe, and the liquid supplementing pipe is used for supplementing soaking liquid into the shell of the centrifugal sorting mechanism.
As the preferred scheme, still include and get kind of mechanism, get kind of mechanism and set up the exit end of defeated kind of passageway, and be located the position above the leakage fluid dram of defeated kind of passageway, get kind of mechanism and include get kind of motor, spoon frame and strainer, the spoon frame is the axle sleeve structure and fix in getting kind of motor's pivot, and strainer evenly distributed installs around the spoon frame, gets kind of motor drive spoon frame and strainer rotation, and the strainer is got kind of and the waterlogging caused by the defeated kind of passageway exit end to send into seed guiding tube department in proper order with the seed potato.
As the preferred scheme, the circumference of spoon frame is provided with the installation bayonet socket, the strainer includes installation handle and spoon body, the one end and the spoon body fixed connection of installation handle, the other end of installation handle be formed with installation bayonet socket complex fixture block, the last waterlogging caused by excessive rainfall hole that distributes of spoon body.
The seed potato seeding machine is characterized by further comprising a seed guide pipe, wherein the seed guide pipe is positioned below the seed taking mechanism, a coating mechanism is arranged at the joint of the seed guide pipe and the seed taking mechanism, the coating mechanism is used for coating ash on the surface of the seed potato, the coating mechanism comprises a driving motor, a material turning frame and an ash bucket, the ash bucket is internally used for containing the ash, a gap for adhering the seed potato to the ash is formed at the bottom of the material turning frame, the material turning frame is provided with two positions, the first position is provided with the material turning frame, the material turning frame is horizontally arranged in the ash bucket and used for waiting to load the seed potato conveyed by the seed taking mechanism, and after the ash is adhered to the bottom gap of the material turning frame through the material turning frame, the driving motor drives the turning frame to turn to a second position, and the seed potato adhered with the ash is sent into the seed guide pipe for seeding.
The seed box is positioned at the seed supplementing opening of the centrifugal sorting mechanism, seed potatoes are contained in the seed box and supplied to the centrifugal sorting mechanism, a bottom slope with a certain gradient is formed at the bottom of the seed box, a blanking opening is formed in the lowest position of the bottom slope, the blanking opening is controlled to open and close by a blanking control mechanism, the blanking control mechanism comprises a seed discharging plate and a seed discharging motor, the seed discharging plate is hinged to the blanking opening, and the seed discharging motor is used for controlling the opening and closing of the blanking opening by driving the seed discharging plate to rotate.
Advantageous effects
Firstly, the invention realizes sowing by improving the structure and matching the centrifugal seed sowing mechanism, the water flow seed sowing mechanism, the circulating water flow mechanism and the like, solves the problems of seed injury and seed missing in the sowing process of potato blocks, can precisely seed the potato blocks after sequencing by centrifugal force, and simultaneously improves the sowing efficiency and the sowing qualification rate. The specific analysis is as follows: the seed potato is poured into a centrifugal seed metering mechanism, a motor drives a centrifugal disk to generate centrifugal force to orderly convey the unordered seed potato to a water flow seed conveying device, the seed potato in the water flow seed conveying device is pushed to a seed taking mechanism, and falls into a seed guide pipe after being taken up by the seed taking mechanism so as to realize harmless seed taking and precise seed metering, (in the prior art, the seed potato is required to be soaked, sterilized and disinfected in advance through a potassium permanganate solution, and is required to be sowed after being dried in a shade place, so that seed potato growth is promoted, diseases and insect pests are prevented, and meanwhile, the seed potato is equivalently applied with potash fertilizer).
Secondly, according to the invention, in order to facilitate the seed potato to move from bottom to top in the inner tray body under the drive of centrifugal force, the rotatable inner tray body is set to be of a conical surface structure, the seed potato moves upwards along the conical inner wall of the inner tray body from the inner side of the soaking liquid under the combined action of buoyancy and centrifugal force of the soaking liquid under the drive of rotation of the inner tray body, when the seed potato moves to the joint opening reaching the seed conveying channel to enter the seed conveying channel, the upper section of the shell is provided with the conical cylinder matched with the inner tray body, and the conical cylinder and the inner tray body jointly form a conical surface for smoothly conveying the seed potato along the inner wall.
Thirdly, the seed taking mechanism is arranged at the seed conveying channel, the seed taking mechanism is driven by the driving motor to rotate, seed taking spoons which are uniformly distributed can sequentially take seeds in the rotating process, the seed potatoes are conveyed to the seed taking channel one by one, and the sowing speed and the sowing density of the seed potatoes can be effectively controlled by controlling the rotating speed of the driving motor.
Fourthly, the pipe orifice of the seed guiding pipe is provided with the coating mechanism, the seed potatoes of the seed taking mechanism enter the tipping bucket frame in the ash bucket, and after the seed potatoes in the tipping bucket frame are coated with plant ash, the seed potatoes are guided into the seed guiding pipe through the overturning action of the tipping bucket frame, so that the germination rate of the seed potatoes is improved, diseases and insect pests are prevented, and the seed potato growth is facilitated.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a front view of the seed planting device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the seed planting device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the seed box of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a centrifugal sequencing mechanism in the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the circulating water flow mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a view showing the structure of a seed guide tube according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a cladding mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a block diagram of the seed taking mechanism of the present invention;
the marks in the figure: 1. the seed box, 11, seed discharging, 12, seed discharging motor, 2, centrifugal sorting mechanism, 21, shell, 211, first shell, 212, second shell, 213, conical baffle, 2131, opening, 22, centrifugal disk, 23, base, 24, centrifugal motor, 25, driving wheel, 26, belt, 27, driven wheel, 3, water flow seed conveying mechanism, 31, seed conveying channel, 311, liquid flow impact port, 4, circulating water flow mechanism, 41, liquid storage box, 42, circulating pump, 43, circulating main pipe, 44, circulating branch, 45, circulating main valve, 46, liquid flow control valve, 47, liquid supplementing pipe, 5, seed taking mechanism, 51, seed taking motor, 52, spoon rack, 521, mounting bayonet, 53, strainer, 531, mounting handle, 532, spoon body 533, clamping block, 6, coating mechanism, 61, coating motor, 62, material turning frame, 63, ash bucket, 7, seed guiding pipe, 8, liquid outlet, 10 and ultrasonic sensor.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below by way of exemplary embodiments. It is to be understood that elements, structures and features of one embodiment may be beneficially incorporated in other embodiments without further recitation.
It should be noted that: unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein should be given the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. As used in the specification and claims of this application, the terms "a," "an," and "the" and similar referents are not to be construed to limit the scope of at least one. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, indicates that elements or items listed thereafter or equivalents thereof may be substituted for elements or items thereof in addition to those listed thereafter or equivalents thereof without departing from the scope of the word "comprising" or "comprising".
As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a rivers formula potato seeder, including centrifugal sequencing mechanism 2, rivers seed delivery mechanism 3 and circulation rivers mechanism 4, wherein centrifugal sequencing mechanism 2 sets up at the feed end of rivers seed delivery mechanism 3, the splendid attire has circulation soak in the centrifugal sequencing mechanism 2, when centrifugal sequencing mechanism 2 rotated, can produce certain centrifugal force, the seed potato can be gradually along centrifugal sequencing mechanism 2's interior conical surface from bottom to top under centrifugal force and soak buoyancy's combined action, simultaneously under the liquid flow guide of rivers seed delivery mechanism 3, move to centrifugal sequencing mechanism 2 and rivers seed delivery mechanism 3 intercommunication mouth department seed potato, accomplish the sequencing by centrifugal sequencing mechanism 2 department entering rivers seed delivery mechanism 3, circulation rivers mechanism 4 is used for providing circulation liquid flow for rivers seed delivery mechanism 3.
As shown in fig. 4, the centrifugal sorting mechanism 2 includes a base 23, a housing 21 and a centrifugal disc 22 rotatably disposed in the housing 21, wherein the bottom of the centrifugal disc 22 is fixedly connected with a driven wheel assembly, the housing 21 is fixed on the base 23, a base of a centrifugal motor 24 is fixed on the outer side wall of the housing 21, a driving wheel 25 of the centrifugal motor 24 is connected with a driven wheel 27 through a belt 26 or a chain, the driven wheel 27 is fixedly connected with the centrifugal disc 222 through a connecting shaft, and the centrifugal motor 24 drives the centrifugal disc 22 to rotate, so that the centrifugal disc 22 moves relative to the housing 21.
The utility model provides a casing 21 includes first barrel 211, second barrel 212 and toper baffle 213 from bottom to top in proper order, first barrel 211 is a cylinder section of thick bamboo, second barrel 212 is a toper section of thick bamboo, the lower extreme of toper section of thick bamboo and the upper end butt joint of first barrel 211, the last port diameter of toper section of thick bamboo is greater than lower port diameter, the inner wall of toper section of thick bamboo links up with the upper edge cooperation of centrifugal disk 22, thereby form complete toper face, this toper face is the inner wall that is used for planting potato under centrifugal force and liquid flow buoyancy, can climb along the toper face from bottom to top, set up the purpose of toper section of thick bamboo structure, be guaranteeing to plant the potato and go up while, slow down effectively and plant the potato and remove to the ascending speed afterwards, plant the potato is gradually accelerated in centrifugal disk 22, when getting into the inner wall section of second barrel 212, the seed piece can slow down gradually, the seed potato is stopped after meeting toper baffle 213, its ascending speed has been weakened to very little at this moment, can not bump with toper baffle 213, can effectively prevent seed potato from damaging, this conical section of thick bamboo, the top end 213 is arranged under the effect of conical 213, can not be stopped by the diameter by the cone-shaped baffle 213 and the diameter is not met by the cone-shaped baffle 213, and the diameter is so that the diameter is stopped by the diameter is not met by the cone-shaped to the diameter is down to the diameter of cone-shaped. The gap 2131 for discharging the seed potatoes is formed at the joint of the conical baffle 213 and the seed conveying channel 31, the gap 2131 is used for realizing the communication between the centrifugal sorting mechanism 2 and the water flow seed conveying mechanism 3, the rotation speed of the centrifugal disc 22 can ensure that the seed potato blocks are discharged from the gap 2131 under the action of centrifugal force, the upward speed of the seed potatoes is related to the rotation speed of the centrifugal disc 22, and when the seed potatoes pass through the side wall of the conical barrel in the set preferred rotation speed range of the centrifugal disc 22, the upward speed of the seed potatoes just weakens to be capable of being discharged from the position with the gap 2131 into the seed conveying channel 31 for sorting.
In this scheme, be used for splendid attire soak in the casing 21, centrifugal dish 22 rotatable mounting is in casing 21, centrifugal dish 22 is the cone structure, and when centrifugal dish 22 rotated, be used for driving the seed potato in the centrifugal dish 22 and follow centrifugal dish 22 inside from bottom to top. Due to the effect of centrifugal force, the soaking liquid can flow upwards along the side wall in the rotation process of the centrifugal disc 22 and finally flows out from the opening 2131, and the loss of the soaking liquid in the shell 21 is reduced, so that the shell 21 is further provided with a liquid supplementing pipe 47 for supplementing the soaking liquid into the shell 21 through the circulating water flow mechanism 4. The soaking solution in the scheme can adopt water or water solution dissolved with potassium permanganate, and adopts the water solution with about 0.1-0.5% of potassium permanganate, and has the advantages of realizing sterilization and disinfection of the seed potatoes in the sowing process, simplifying the sowing operation flow, and simultaneously sequencing and pushing the seed potatoes before sowing through liquid flow so as to prevent damage of the seed potatoes.
The seed box 1 is arranged on one side above the shell 21, the seed box 1 is used for containing seed potatoes and supplying the seed potatoes into the centrifugal sorting mechanism 2, the bottom of the seed box 1 is an inclined surface with a certain gradient, seed potatoes at dead corners inside the seed box 1 can be effectively prevented from being accumulated and are favorable for discharging seeds, the side wall, close to the lowest side of the inclined surface of the bottom plate, is provided with a seed discharging plate 11, the upper edge of the seed discharging plate 11 is provided with a hinge shaft, the seed discharging plate 11 is rotatably connected with the side wall of the seed box 1 through the hinge shaft, one end of the hinge shaft is fixedly connected with a driving shaft of the seed discharging motor 12, the seed discharging plate 11 is driven to be opened and closed through the reciprocating rotation of the seed discharging motor 12, when the seed discharging plate 11 is opened, the seed potatoes automatically enter the centrifugal sorting mechanism 2, the seed discharging plate 11 controls the opening and closing time interval of the seed discharging plate 11 according to the sowing speed of the seed potatoes, and the seed potatoes can be supplied into the centrifugal sorting mechanism 2 in a fixed time interval through manual control. An ultrasonic sensor 10 is fixedly arranged at the opening of the seed box 1 and is used for measuring the accumulation height of the seed potato blocks in the seed box 1 so as to timely supplement the seed potato blocks in the seed box 1.
In the scheme, the water flow seed conveying mechanism 3 comprises a seed conveying channel 31, the inlet end of the seed conveying channel 31 is in butt joint with a notch 2131 of the shell 21, the seed conveying channel 31 comprises a bottom plate and baffle plates which are arranged on two sides of the bottom plate in parallel, and a plurality of groups of liquid flow impact ports 311 are formed in pairs in the length direction of the baffle plates and are used for discharging water flow so as to convey seed potatoes in the seed conveying channel 31 to the rear procedure side; the outlet end bottom plate of the seed conveying channel 31 is provided with a liquid outlet 8, and the liquid outlet 8 is used for discharging liquid flow.
In this embodiment, the seed feeding channel 31 may be implemented as follows: the first embodiment is: the bottom plate of the seed conveying channel 31 is arranged horizontally, 3 liquid flow impact ports 311 which are arranged in pairs (6 in total) are arranged on the side plates of the seed conveying channel 31, seed potatoes are driven to be sequenced and moved through the impact of liquid flow, and the second implementation mode is that: the bottom plate of seed delivery passageway 31 is the slope setting, and the entrance side is higher than the exit side, and has the inclination that is less than 5, is provided with 3 on the curb plate of seed delivery passageway 31 and constitutes the liquid stream impact mouth 311 to setting up, orders the removal through the impact of rivers and order the seed potato, for first embodiment, this kind of embodiment is because the bottom plate exists certain slope, does benefit to the seed potato more to the exit side removal of seed delivery passageway 31. The third embodiment is that the seed delivering channel 31 includes an inclined section and a horizontal section, an inclined angle of 0-5 ° is formed from the inlet side to the outlet side of the inclined section, the inlet side is higher than the outlet side, so that the seed potato slides from the inlet side to the outlet side more easily, meanwhile, the horizontal section is located at the outlet side of the inclined section, the horizontal section is essentially a seed taking platform, so that a certain resistance is formed to the seed potato, a smooth lining with an arc surface can be provided in the seed delivering channel 31 in the above three modes, the purpose of providing the lining is to increase the smoothness of the bottom of the seed delivering channel, so that the friction force between the seed potato and the bottom plate is further reduced, preferably, a deceleration strip is provided on the bottom plate of the horizontal section of the third embodiment, the seed potato moves to the bottom plate waiting for the seed taking mechanism 5 to take the seed potato and seed, the bottom plate of the horizontal section is provided with a liquid outlet 8 and a liquid outlet grid, the liquid outlet grid is mounted at the liquid outlet 8, and the circulating liquid flow enters the circulating water flow mechanism 4 through the liquid outlet 8.
The embodiment further comprises a circulating water flow mechanism 4, the circulating water flow mechanism 4 comprises a liquid storage tank 41, a circulating pump 42, a circulating main pipe 43 and circulating branches 44, the circulating water flow mechanism 4 is driven by the circulating pump 42, the liquid storage tank 41 is positioned below the seed conveying channel 31, an outlet of the liquid storage tank 41 is connected with the circulating pump 42, an outlet of the circulating pump 42 is connected with the circulating main pipe 43, an outlet of the circulating main pipe 43 is divided into a plurality of circulating branches 44 which are arranged in pairs, in the scheme, the circulating main pipe 43 divides the 6 circulating branches 44 and one liquid supplementing pipe 47, a liquid flow control valve 46 is arranged on each circulating branch 44, a liquid level meter is arranged on the liquid storage tank 41 and used for detecting the liquid level in the liquid storage tank 41, during sowing, the liquid level of the liquid storage tank 41 is taken away by seed potato epidermis to generate loss, so that the liquid level of the liquid storage tank 41 also lowers to a certain extent, and when the liquid level in the liquid storage tank 41 is lower than a set value, the liquid level in the liquid storage tank 41 needs to be supplemented. The tail end of the circulation branch 44 is correspondingly connected with the liquid flow impact port 311, so that impact liquid flow with certain pressure is provided for the seed conveying channel 31 sequentially through the liquid storage tank 41, the circulation pump 42, the circulation main pipe 43 and the circulation branch 44, and the impact liquid flow is used for providing a moving driving force for the seed potato in the seed conveying channel 31 to move forwards. The circulation header pipe 43 is provided with a circulation water main valve 45 for controlling the opening and closing of the circulation header pipe 43, and the impact water in the seed conveying channel 31 flows to the tail end liquid outlet 8 and then flows back into the liquid storage tank 41 through the liquid outlet channel.
In a preferred embodiment, automatic control valves are arranged on the circulation branches 44, the flow rate ratio of each circulation branch 44 is changed through the liquid flow control valve 46 of each circulation branch 44, so that the water outlet flow rate of each circulation branch 44 is controlled, the advancing speed of the potato seeds in the water flow seed conveying device 3 is finally controlled, and the circulation water flow mechanism 4 is matched with the seed taking mechanism 5 for use, so that the purpose of changing the sowing density can be achieved. When the travelling speed of the seeding device is required to be fixed, the following operations can be introduced to improve the seeding density: the opening of the liquid flow control valve 46 is adjusted to be larger to increase the liquid flow rate, and the rotation speed of the seed taking motor 51 is increased in a matched manner, so that the seeding density is improved, the opening of the control valve 46 is adjusted to be smaller to reduce the liquid flow rate, and the rotation speed of the seed taking motor 51 is reduced in a matched manner, so that the seeding density is reduced.
In this scheme, get kind of mechanism 5's effect is: seed potatoes in the seed conveying channel 31 are sequentially taken away and discharged into the seed guide pipe 7 through the seed taking mechanism 5, the seed taking mechanism 5 is arranged at the outlet end of the seed conveying channel 31, a liquid outlet 8 is formed in the bottom of the outlet end of the seed conveying channel 31, the seed taking mechanism 5 comprises a seed taking motor 51, a spoon frame 52 which is rotatably arranged on an output shaft of the seed taking motor 51, and a strainer 53 which is distributed on the periphery of the spoon frame 52, the spoon frame 52 is of a hollow shaft sleeve structure, a mounting bayonet 521 of the strainer 53 is circumferentially arranged on the spoon frame 52, the strainer 53 comprises a mounting handle 531 and a spoon body 532, one end of the mounting handle 531 is fixedly connected with the spoon body 532, a clamping block 533 matched with the mounting bayonet 521 is formed at the other end of the mounting handle 531, and draining holes are distributed on the spoon body 532, so that soaking liquid is filtered. The spoon body accommodating space of the single strainer 53 can just accommodate one seed potato block, and the seed taking motor 51 drives the spoon frame 52 to rotate, so that seed potatoes arranged in the seed conveying channel 31 are sequentially taken away through the strainer 53, and the single strainer 53 can just take one seed potato at a time and is fed into the seed guide tube 7.
According to the scheme, centrifugal force is generated in the rotation process of the conical structure centrifugal disc 22 of the centrifugal seed sowing mechanism 2, the density of seed potatoes is close to that of soaking liquid (aqueous solution of potassium permanganate), the seed potatoes gradually climb from bottom to top along the inner wall of the conical surface under the combined action of the centrifugal force and buoyancy along the conical inner disc surface of the centrifugal disc 22, when the interface between the centrifugal seed sowing mechanism 2 and the water flow seed conveying mechanism 3 is reached, the seed potatoes enter the conveying channel 31 to finish sorting under the guidance of the liquid flow of the water flow seed conveying mechanism 3, the liquid flow ejected through the liquid flow impact port 311 pushes the seed potatoes to gradually move towards the outlet side, the seed potatoes are subjected to the buoyancy of the liquid in the conveying channel 31, so that the seed potatoes can move towards the subsequent process under the action of small liquid flow impact force, the seed potatoes are sequentially fetched from the outlet end of the conveying channel 31 through the seed fetching mechanism 5, finally are discharged and sowed one by one through the seed guide tube 7, the seed potatoes are sterilized and disinfected in the soaking liquid in the whole conveying process, and are conveyed in the liquid flow, the impact force between the seed potatoes and equipment can be prevented due to the buoyancy of the liquid flow of the water flow conveying mechanism 3, the seed potatoes can be prevented from being damaged, the seed potatoes can be received through the liquid flow impact port 8 and the liquid flow through the liquid flow impact port 311, and the liquid flow is provided for the liquid flow through the liquid flow port 42.
This scheme is got kind of mechanism 5 and is still provided with cladding mechanism 6 with seed guide tube 7 junction, and the effect of cladding mechanism 6 is: before seed potato to be sowed is planted, a layer of ash material is wrapped, the main component of the ash material is plant ash, the plant ash is sieved to obtain the ash material, the seed potato blocks wrapped with the ash are favorable for the growth of the seed potato after being sowed, and can reduce plant diseases and insect pests and improve germination rate, and the seed potato seed sowing device has a certain yield increasing effect. The cladding mechanism 6 includes the ash bucket 63 that is used for splendid attire plant ash, the stirring frame 62 that sets up in ash bucket 63 and the cladding motor 61 that is used for driving stirring frame 62 upset, cladding motor 61 installs on the lateral wall of one side of ash bucket 63, stirring frame 62 and cladding motor 61's output pivot fixed connection, the strainer 53 of seed taking mechanism 5 is in the rotation in-process, discharge seed potato piece in proper order, and fall into stirring frame 62, after seed potato falls into stirring frame 62, glue through the gap of stirring frame 62 bottom and go up the ash, cladding motor 61 rotates and drives stirring frame 62 upset, thereby send into seed potato piece in the pipe 7, it is to point out that stirring frame 62's bottom is flexible material woven network structure, flexible material's network structure specifically can adopt following structure: the two ends of the belt strips are fixedly connected with the side frames of the material turning frame 62, gaps are formed between the adjacent belt strips, the width of each gap is suitable for preventing the potato seeds from leaking out, or the belt strips are woven into a grid-shaped structure with meshes, firstly, the potato seeds can be ensured to adhere to the ash materials in the ash bucket 63 through the gaps at the bottom of the material turning frame 62, and the potato seeds in the scheme are pushed to move in liquid flow, so that the ash materials are easier to adhere to the surface of the potato seeds and are not easy to fall off. The potato blocks filled with plant ash powder are poured into the seed guide pipe 7 under the drive of the coating motor 61, and the sowing process is completed. On the other hand, the bottom flexible material belt strips of the material turning frame 62 are utilized to form certain buffer for the falling of the seed potatoes, the flexible material at the bottom of the material turning frame 62 is easy to deform due to falling impact of the seed potatoes, and the seed potatoes are directly adhered to and contacted with ash materials in the ash hopper 61. In an embodiment not shown in the drawings, considering that when the material turning frame 62 is turned over, only the lower surface of the seed potato is in contact with the ash material in the ash bucket 61 in the whole process, so that the seed potato only covers the ash material on one side, but the upper surface of the seed potato cannot cover the ash material, in order to avoid this, the following structure may be provided: the side wall above the ash bucket 61 is provided with a plurality of ash discharge holes, the height of each ash discharge hole is higher than the upper edge of the ash bucket 61, the outer side wall of each ash discharge hole opposite to the ash bucket 61 is provided with an ash quantitative chamber, the other side wall corresponding to the ash discharge hole in each ash quantitative chamber is provided with an air hole, the top of each ash quantitative chamber is connected with a feed opening of an external ash bucket, a baffle is arranged between the feed opening and each ash quantitative chamber, under normal conditions, seed potatoes fall into the material turning frame 62, an air valve blows air through the air holes, ash is blown into the cladding mechanism 6 through the ash discharge holes, the upper surface of the seed potatoes is covered in the falling process of the ash, redundant ash falls into the ash bucket 63 for ash supplement, after the blowing is finished, the bottom baffle of the external ash bucket is automatically opened, and after a certain amount of ash is put into the ash quantitative chamber, the bottom baffle is closed for the next ash discharge operation.
In order to make the device have better effect, be close to intermediate position in ash bucket bottom and be provided with the inching switch that control cladding motor started for trigger the start-up of cladding motor, can adapt to automatically and adjust the operation speed of wrapping up in ash, cladding mechanism can set up following structure: comprises a cover body and a inching switch, wherein the cover body is positioned at the bottom center in the ash bucket, the cover body comprises a side surface enclosing baffle with a side surface closed and a top opened, the side surface enclosing baffle is fixed at the bottom of the ash bucket and is provided with a cavity for installing the inching switch, the inching switch is in signal connection with a controller so as to control an air valve covering a motor and an ash quantitative chamber to be connected with a power supply, a top block is correspondingly arranged on the lower end surface of a belt of a turnover frame, the top block is positioned at the center of the belt and corresponds to the cover body, a limit step is formed around the top block, so that the lower limit position of the top end of the top block entering the cover body can be limited, thereby forming protection for the inching switch, the top end corresponds to entering the cover body under the condition of a first position of the turnover frame, after seed potato falls down, the middle belt of the turnover frame is pressed due to the self weight of the seed potato, the top block is pressed against the inching switch, the rubber diaphragm is positioned above the inching switch and made of flexible materials such as rubber, the rubber diaphragm can not block the ejector block, and can also prevent ash from entering the side surface enclosing cavity, when the seed potato falls down, the air valve and the coating motor are powered on, the air valve blows air, ash powder will cover the upper surface of the seed potato, at the moment, the coating motor rapidly rotates to drive the material turning frame to pour the seed potato into the seed guiding tube, the rubber diaphragm shakes or pops the ash falling into the upper end surface of the rubber diaphragm under the self elastic action, the ash cannot be accumulated on the upper end surface of the diaphragm, a photoelectric sensor for detecting the seeding quantity can be arranged on the side wall between the seed taking mechanism and the coating mechanism, when the inching switch fails or is not normally touched in a set time, the signal is detected through the photoelectric sensor, the action of the coating motor and the air valve is controlled, the reliability of the device can be improved.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, but is intended to be limited to the following embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent changes and variations in the above-mentioned embodiments can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A rivers formula potato seeder, its characterized in that: the seed potato sorting device comprises a centrifugal sorting mechanism, a water flow seed conveying mechanism, a circulating water flow mechanism and a seed taking mechanism, wherein the centrifugal sorting mechanism is used for sequentially supplying seed potatoes to the water flow seed conveying mechanism after sorting, and the circulating water flow mechanism is used for supplying liquid flow for driving the seed potatoes to move for the water flow seed conveying mechanism;
the centrifugal sorting mechanism comprises a shell and a centrifugal disc, wherein the centrifugal disc is rotatably arranged in the shell and is used for containing soaking liquid, a notch for discharging seed potatoes is formed in the side wall of the shell, and the centrifugal disc is of a cone structure and is used for driving the seed potatoes in the centrifugal disc to move from bottom to top along the inner wall of the centrifugal disc when the centrifugal disc rotates;
in the centrifugal sorting mechanism, a shell comprises a first cylinder body and a second cylinder body, the first cylinder body is a cylindrical cylinder, the second cylinder body is a conical cylinder, the first end of the conical cylinder is butted above the cylindrical cylinder, and the inner wall of the conical cylinder is matched and connected with the inner conical surface of a centrifugal disk to form a complete conical surface for planting potatoes to ascend; the second end of the second cylinder body is provided with a conical baffle, the large-diameter end of the conical baffle is positioned below and is in butt joint with the port of the conical cylinder, the small-diameter end of the conical baffle is positioned above and is used as a reseeding port, and the joint of the conical baffle and the seed conveying channel is communicated through a gap;
the water flow seed conveying mechanism comprises a seed conveying channel, wherein the inlet end of the seed conveying channel is in butt joint with the opening of the shell, the seed conveying channel comprises a bottom plate and baffle plates positioned at two sides of the bottom plate, and a plurality of groups of liquid flow impact ports are formed in pairs along the length direction of the baffle plates and are used for discharging liquid flow so as to convey seed potatoes in the seed conveying channel to the subsequent process side; the outlet end of the seed conveying channel is provided with a liquid discharge channel, and the liquid discharge channel is used for refluxing the liquid flow discharged by the seed conveying channel;
the circulating water flow mechanism comprises a liquid storage tank and a circulating pump, the liquid storage tank is positioned below the seed conveying channel, the inlet of the liquid storage tank is communicated with the liquid discharge channel, the circulating pump is arranged at the outlet of the liquid storage tank, and the circulating pump is used for supplying the storage liquid of the liquid storage tank to the liquid flow impact port;
the seed taking mechanism is arranged at the outlet end of the seed conveying channel and is positioned above the liquid outlet of the seed conveying channel, the seed taking mechanism comprises a seed taking motor, a spoon frame and a strainer, the spoon frame is of a shaft sleeve structure and is fixed on a rotating shaft of the seed taking motor, the strainer is uniformly distributed and installed around the spoon frame, the seed taking motor drives the spoon frame and the strainer to rotate, and the strainer is used for taking seeds from the outlet end of the seed conveying channel and draining so as to sequentially send seed potatoes into the seed guiding pipe.
2. A water flow potato seeding apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the circulating pump is connected with a circulating main pipe, the outlet end of the circulating main pipe is divided into a plurality of circulating branches, each group of circulating branches is connected with a corresponding liquid flow impact port, and the circulating pump is used for providing impact liquid flow for the liquid flow impact port, and the impact liquid flow is used for pushing seed potatoes to move.
3. A water flow potato seeding apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein: and the circulating branch is provided with a liquid flow control valve for adjusting the opening and closing of the liquid flow impact port and the liquid flow.
4. A water flow potato seeding apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the outlet of the circulating main pipe is also provided with a liquid supplementing pipe which is used for supplementing the soaking liquid into the shell of the centrifugal sorting mechanism.
5. A water flow potato seeding apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the circumference of spoon frame is provided with the installation bayonet socket, the strainer includes installation handle and spoon body, the one end and the spoon body fixed connection of installation handle, the other end of installation handle be formed with installation bayonet socket complex fixture block, the last waterlogging caused by excessive rainfall hole that distributes of spoon body.
6. A water flow potato seeding apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: still include seed guide, seed guide is located gets kind of mechanism below, seed guide and the junction of getting kind of mechanism are provided with cladding mechanism, cladding mechanism is used for cladding the ash material on seed potato surface, cladding mechanism includes driving motor, turns over material frame and ash bucket, be used for holding the ash material in the ash bucket, turn over material frame bottom and be formed with the gap that is used for seed potato to glue the ash, turn over material frame and have two positions, in first position, turn over material frame and be horizontal state and arrange in the ash bucket for wait to load the seed potato that gets kind of mechanism and transport down, after seed potato is through turning over material frame bottom gap adhesion ash material, turn over the upset frame to the second position by driving motor, send into seed potato of adhesion ash material into seed guide and sow.
7. A water flow potato seeding apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: still include the seed case, the seed case is located the reseeding mouth department of centrifugal sequencing mechanism, seed incasement is used for splendid attire seed potato and supplies seed potato to centrifugal sequencing mechanism in, and the bottom of seed case is formed with the bottom slope of certain slope, is provided with the feed opening in the lowest department of bottom slope, and the feed opening passes through the control of unloading mechanism and opens and shuts, the control of unloading mechanism is including unloading the seed board and unloading the seed motor, unloads the articulated setting in feed opening department of seed board, unloads the seed motor and thereby the opening and close of control feed opening through driving unloading the rotation of seed board.
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