CN115075007A - 一种高抗菌涤纶混纺织物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种高抗菌涤纶混纺织物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本申请涉及涤纶混纺织物的技术领域,具体公开了一种高抗菌涤纶混纺织物及其制备方法。高抗菌涤纶混纺织物包括以下重量份的原料:涤纶纤维10‑30份、棉纤维25‑50份、竹纤维15‑25份、抗菌纤维12‑24份,其中,抗菌纤维为载银纳米羟基磷灰石对PET切片共混纺丝制得;其制备方法为:将涤纶纤维、竹纤维加捻形成经线,将棉纤维、抗菌纤维加捻形成纬线,将经线和纬线组合织成坯布;将坯布放在抗菌液中浸泡,取出后,烘干,制得涤纶混纺织物。本申请的高抗菌涤纶混纺织物,通过原料之间的协同作用,具有提高涤纶混纺织物抗菌性的优点。
Description
技术领域
本申请涉及涤纶混纺织物技术领域,尤其是涉及一种高抗菌涤纶混纺织物及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着科学技术的发展,纺织科技也在不断发展。人们对织物的要求也越来越高,人们对织物的要求由原来的耐穿结实向美观、舒适、多样化发展,涤纶混纺织物就是其中的一种。
涤纶混纺织物是指构成织物的原料采用两种或两种以上不同种类的纤维,一般有涤纶、涤棉等化学纤维和其他的棉、丝、麻等天然纤维混合纺纱制成,是为了降低织物成本,在穿着上也更能满足人们的不同需求。
目前,涤纶混纺织物能够满足人们的美观舒适的要求,但是,由于织物多数时需要与外界环境和人体接触,外界环境中存在着许多细菌等微生物,人体的汗液、皮脂分泌物中为细菌等微生物的生长提供了合适的环境,可能会造成微生物在织物上生长繁殖,甚至对人们的身体健康造成不利影响。
发明内容
为了提高涤纶混纺织物的抗菌性,本申请提供一种高抗菌涤纶混纺织物及其制备方法。
第一方面,本申请提供一种高抗菌涤纶混纺织物,采用如下技术方案:
一种高抗菌涤纶混纺织物,其包括以下重量份的原料:涤纶纤维10-30份、棉纤维25-50份、竹纤维15-25份、抗菌纤维12-24份,其中,抗菌纤维为载银纳米羟基磷灰石与PET切片共混纺丝制得。
通过采用上述技术方案,本申请的高抗菌涤纶混纺织物,通过各原料之间的协同作用,提高了织物对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、白色链球菌的抑菌率,其中,大肠杆菌的抑菌率为89.6-99.8%,金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率为90.2-99.5%,白色链球菌的抑菌率为80.0-88.9%。
涤纶纤维和棉纤维为主要成分,能够使织物保持柔软舒适的状态。竹纤维不仅能够使织物触感柔软、肤感舒爽,而且竹纤维中具有竹醌,具有天然的抗菌抑菌的特性,对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、白色念珠菌等均有抑制作用,应用在织物的原料中,能够增强织物的抗菌性。
抗菌纤维为载银纳米羟基磷灰石与PET切片共混纺丝制得,纳米羟基磷灰石具有比较大的比表面积和表面能,具有很强的吸附作用。银离子具有抗菌作用,能够负载在纳米羟基磷灰石上,提高银离子的分散性,从而便于发挥银离子的抗菌作用。银离子具体的抗菌机理如下:银离子是作为阳离子吸附并进入细菌的细胞膜内,和细胞内酵素反应,引起蛋白质代谢失调,导致新陈代谢障碍,细胞分裂机能停止,致使细菌死亡,从而达到抗菌的作用。通过竹纤维与银离子之间的协同作用,进一步提高了织物的抗菌性。
作为优选:其包括以下重量份的原料:涤纶纤维15-25份、棉纤维30-45份、竹纤维18-22份、抗菌纤维16-20份。
通过采用上述技术方案,通过对涤纶纤维、棉纤维、竹纤维、抗菌纤维的掺量进行优化,便于提高织物的抗菌性。
作为优选:所述抗菌纤维采用以下方法制备:
S1:将纳米羟基磷灰石放入N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中混合均匀,加入硝酸银,超声分散,得到载银纳米羟基磷灰石;
S2:将载银纳米羟基磷灰石与PET切片混合均匀,熔融纺丝,制得抗菌纤维。
进一步的,所述抗菌纤维采用以下方法制备:
S1:将纳米羟基磷灰石放入N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中混合,搅拌10-20min,加入硝酸银,超声分散20-40min,得到载银纳米羟基磷灰石;
S2:将载银纳米羟基磷灰石与PET切片混合,搅拌20-30min,在260-280℃的温度下熔融,纺丝,制得抗菌纤维;
其中,每1g纳米羟基磷灰石中N,N-二甲基甲酰胺的添加量为8-12mL。
通过采用上述技术方案,首先使银离子负载在纳米羟基磷灰石上,然后再将载银纳米羟基磷灰石与PET切片共混纺丝,制得抗菌纤维,有助于银离子分散均匀,进一步提高织物的抗菌性。
作为优选:步骤S1中的纳米羟基磷灰石和硝酸银的重量配比为1:(0.6-0.8)。
作为优选:步骤S2中的PET切片和载银纳米羟基磷灰石的重量配比为1:(0.4-0.6)。
通过采用上述技术方案,通过对纳米羟基磷灰石和硝酸银、载银纳米羟基磷灰石和PET切片的重量配比进行限定,使抗菌纤维更能够发挥抗菌作用,便于提高织物的抗菌性。
作为优选:所述纳米羟基磷灰石在使用前采用以下方法进行预处理:将纳米羟基磷灰石放入水中,加入六偏磷酸钠,超声分散,过滤固体物,并洗涤,烘干后得到预处理后的纳米羟基磷灰石。
进一步的,所述纳米羟基磷灰石在使用前采用以下方法进行预处理:将纳米羟基磷灰石放入水中,加入六偏磷酸钠,超声分散20-40min,过滤固体物,并用水洗涤3-5次,烘干后得到预处理后的纳米羟基磷灰石;
其中,每1g纳米羟基磷灰石中水的添加量为6-8mL,纳米羟基磷灰石和六偏磷酸钠的重量配比为1:(1-1.2)。
通过采用上述技术方案,纳米羟基磷灰石具有高比表面能,容易产生自身团聚,利用六偏磷酸钠对纳米羟基磷灰石进行预处理,能够减少纳米羟基磷灰石的比表面能,减少团聚,提高分散性。
第二方面,本申请提供一种高抗菌涤纶混纺织物的制备方法,采用如下技术方案:
一种高抗菌涤纶混纺织物的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1:将涤纶纤维、竹纤维加捻形成经线,将棉纤维、抗菌纤维加捻形成纬线,将经线和纬线组合织成坯布;
S2:将坯布放在抗菌液中浸泡,取出后,烘干,制得涤纶混纺织物;
其中,每1g坯布中抗菌液的添加量为8-12mL。
通过采用上述技术方案,首先将涤纶纤维、竹纤维、棉纤维、抗菌纤维制成坯布,然后将坯布放在抗菌液中浸泡,进一步增强织物的抗菌作用。
作为优选:所述抗菌液为茶多酚和壳聚糖的混合溶液。
进一步的,所述抗菌液采用以下方法制备:将茶多酚和壳聚糖放入水中,搅拌15-20min,得到抗菌液;
其中,茶多酚和壳聚糖的总重量、水重量的配比为1:(4-6)。
作为优选:所述茶多酚和壳聚糖的重量配比为1:1。
通过采用上述技术方案,茶多酚具有抗菌的作用,茶多酚具有凝结蛋白质的作用,能够与细菌细胞内的蛋白质结合而导致细菌死亡,从而起到抗菌的作用。壳聚糖表面具有正电荷,能够和细菌表面的负电荷发生作用,渗透至细菌内部,影响细菌细胞蛋白质的合成,从而起到抗菌的作用。通过茶多酚和壳聚糖之间的协同作用,进一步提高了织物的抗菌性。
综上所述,本申请包括以下至少一种有益技术效果:
1、由于本申请中采用载银纳米羟基磷灰石和PET共混纺丝制成的抗菌纤维,利用银离子的抗菌作用,提高了织物的抗菌性,可使大肠杆菌的抑菌率达到99.8%,金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率达到99.5%,白色链球菌的抑菌率达到88.9%。
2、本申请中优选采用茶多酚和壳聚糖的混合溶液作为抗菌液,且将由涤纶纤维、棉纤维、竹纤维、抗菌纤维制成的坯布放入抗菌液中浸泡,赋予织物双重的抗菌作用,进一步增强了织物的抗菌性。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体内容对本申请作进一步详细说明。
原料
PET切片熔点265-280℃。
制备例
制备例1
一种抗菌纤维,其采用以下方法制备:
S1:将20kg纳米羟基磷灰石放入N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中混合,搅拌15min,加入12kg硝酸银,超声分散30min,得到载银纳米羟基磷灰石;
S2:将4kg载银纳米羟基磷灰石与10kgPET切片混合,搅拌25min,在270℃的温度下熔融,纺丝,制得抗菌纤维;
其中,每1g纳米羟基磷灰石中N,N-二甲基甲酰胺的添加量为10mL。
制备例2
一种抗菌纤维,其和制备例1的区别之处在于,步骤S1中硝酸银的添加量不同,制备例2中的硝酸银的添加量为14kg。
制备例3
一种抗菌纤维,其和制备例1的区别之处在于,步骤S1中硝酸银的添加量不同,制备例2中的硝酸银的添加量为16kg。
制备例4
一种抗菌纤维,其和制备例2的区别之处在于,步骤S2中载银纳米羟基磷灰石的添加量不同,制备例4中的载银纳米羟基磷灰石的添加量为5kg。
制备例5
一种抗菌纤维,其和制备例2的区别之处在于,步骤S2中载银纳米羟基磷灰石的添加量不同,制备例4中的载银纳米羟基磷灰石的添加量6kg。
制备例6
一种抗菌纤维,其和制备例4的区别之处在于,步骤S2中的载银纳米羟基磷灰石在使用之前采用以下方法进行预处理:将纳米羟基磷灰石放入水中,加入六偏磷酸钠,超声分散30min,过滤固体物,并用水洗涤5次,烘干后得到预处理后的纳米羟基磷灰石;
其中,每1g纳米羟基磷灰石中水的添加量为7mL,纳米羟基磷灰石和六偏磷酸钠的重量配比为1:1.1。
制备例7
一种抗菌液,其采用以下方法制备:
将5kg茶多酚和5kg壳聚糖放入50kg水中,搅拌18min,得到抗菌液;
实施例
实施例1
一种高抗菌涤纶混纺织物,其原料配比见表1所示。
一种高抗菌涤纶混纺织物的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1:将涤纶纤维、竹纤维加捻形成经线,将棉纤维、采用制备例1制备得到的抗菌纤维加捻形成纬线,将经线和纬线组合织成坯布;
S2:将坯布放在采用制备例7制备得到的抗菌液中浸泡30min,取出后,烘干,制得涤纶混纺织物;每1g坯布中抗菌液的添加量为10mL。
实施例2-5
一种高抗菌涤纶混纺织物,其和实施例1的区别之处在于,织物的原料配比不同,其原料配比见表1所示。
表1实施例1-5织物中各原料掺量(单位:kg)
实施例6-8
一种高抗菌涤纶混纺织物,其和实施例5的区别之处在于,织物的原料配比不同,其原料配比见表2所示。
表2实施例6-8织物中各原料掺量(单位:kg)
实施例9
一种高抗菌涤纶混纺织物,其和实施例7的区别之处在于,织物原料中的抗菌纤维的来源不同,实施例9中的抗菌纤维采用制备例2制备得到。
实施例10
一种高抗菌涤纶混纺织物,其和实施例7的区别之处在于,织物原料中的抗菌纤维的来源不同,实施例10中的抗菌纤维采用制备例3制备得到。
实施例11
一种高抗菌涤纶混纺织物,其和实施例7的区别之处在于,织物原料中的抗菌纤维的来源不同,实施例11中的抗菌纤维采用制备例4制备得到。
实施例12
一种高抗菌涤纶混纺织物,其和实施例7的区别之处在于,织物原料中的抗菌纤维的来源不同,实施例12中的抗菌纤维采用制备例5制备得到。
实施例13
一种高抗菌涤纶混纺织物,其和实施例7的区别之处在于,织物原料中的抗菌纤维的来源不同,实施例13中的抗菌纤维采用制备例6制备得到。
对比例
对比例1
一种高抗菌涤纶混纺织物,其和实施例1的区别之处在于,织物原料中的竹纤维等量替换为棉纤维。
对比例2
一种高抗菌涤纶混纺织物,其和实施例1的区别之处在于,织物原料中的抗菌纤维等量替换为棉纤维。
对比例3
一种高抗菌涤纶混纺织物,其和实施例1的区别之处在于,织物的制备方法中未将坯布在抗菌液中浸泡。
性能检测试验
对实施例1-13和对比例1-3中的高抗菌涤纶混纺织物进行下述性能检测:
大肠杆菌的抑菌率、金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率、白色链球菌的抑菌率:依据GB/T20944.3-2008《纺织品抑菌性能的评价第3部分:振荡法》对涤纶混纺织物进行抑菌率的检测,检测结果如表3所示;其中,大肠杆菌的原始菌落总数为1.85×106CFU/g,金黄色葡萄球菌原始菌落总数为1.90×106CFU/g,白色链球菌原始菌落总数为1.85×106CFU/g。
表3检测结果
从表3中可以看出,本申请的高抗菌涤纶混纺织物,通过各原料之间的协同作用,提高了织物对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、白色链球菌的抑菌率,其中,大肠杆菌的抑菌率为89.6-99.8%,金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率为90.2-99.5%,白色链球菌的抑菌率为80.0-88.9%。
结合实施例1和对比例1-2可以看出,实施例1中的织物对大肠杆菌的抑菌率为89.6%、对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率为90.2%、对白色链球菌的抑菌率为80.0%,优于对比例1-2,表明织物的原料中加入竹纤维、抗菌纤维更为合适,更能够提高织物的抑菌率。
结合实施例1和对比例3可以看出,实施例1中的织物对大肠杆菌的抑菌率为89.6%、对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率为90.2%、对白色链球菌的抑菌率为80.0%,优于对比例3,表明织物的制备方法中经过抗菌液浸泡更为合适,能够提高织物对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、白色链球菌的抑菌率。
结合实施例1-5可以看出,实施例5中的织物对大肠杆菌的抑菌率为96.8%、对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率为97.1%、对白色链球菌的抑菌率为85.5%,优于其他实施例,表明实施例5中的抗菌纤维的添加量更为合适,更能够提高织物对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、白色链球菌的抑菌率。
结合实施例6-8可以看出,织物中除抗菌纤维外其他原料的掺量变化对织物抗菌作用的影响不大。
结合实施例7、实施例9-13可以看出,实施例13中的织物对大肠杆菌的抑菌率为99.8%、对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率为99.5%、对白色链球菌的抑菌率为88.9%,优于其他实施例,表明抗菌纤维采用制备例6制备得到更为合适,且对载银纳米羟基磷灰石进行改性,提高分散性,便于银离子发挥作用,进一步提高了织物对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、白色链球菌的抑菌率。
上述具体实施方式的实施例均为本申请的较佳实施例,并非依此限制本申请的保护范围,故:凡依本申请的结构、形状、原理所做的等效变化,均应涵盖于本申请的保护范围之内。
Claims (9)
1.一种高抗菌涤纶混纺织物,其特征在于:其包括以下重量份的原料:涤纶纤维10-30份、棉纤维25-50份、竹纤维15-25份、抗菌纤维12-24份,其中,抗菌纤维为载银纳米羟基磷灰石与PET切片共混纺丝制得。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高抗菌涤纶混纺织物,其特征在于: 其包括以下重量份的原料:涤纶纤维15-25份、棉纤维30-45份、竹纤维18-22份、抗菌纤维16-20份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种高抗菌涤纶混纺织物,其特征在于:所述抗菌纤维采用以下方法制备:
S1:将纳米羟基磷灰石放入N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中混合均匀,加入硝酸银,超声分散,得到载银纳米羟基磷灰石;
S2:将载银纳米羟基磷灰石与PET切片混合均匀,熔融纺丝,制得抗菌纤维。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种高抗菌涤纶混纺织物,其特征在于:步骤S1中的纳米羟基磷灰石和硝酸银的重量配比为1:(0.6-0.8)。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种高抗菌涤纶混纺织物,其特征在于:步骤S2中的PET切片和载银纳米羟基磷灰石的重量配比为1:(0.4-0.6)。
6.根据权利要求3所述的一种高抗菌涤纶混纺织物,其特征在于:所述纳米羟基磷灰石在使用前采用以下方法进行预处理:将纳米羟基磷灰石放入水中,加入六偏磷酸钠,超声分散,过滤固体物,并洗涤,烘干后得到预处理后的纳米羟基磷灰石。
7.一种如权利要求1-6任一所述的高抗菌涤纶混纺织物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
S1:将涤纶纤维、竹纤维加捻形成经线,将棉纤维、抗菌纤维加捻形成纬线,将经线和纬线组合织成坯布;
S2:将坯布放在抗菌液中浸泡,取出后,烘干,制得涤纶混纺织物。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种高抗菌涤纶混纺织物的制备方法,其特征在于:所述抗菌液为茶多酚和壳聚糖的混合溶液。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种高抗菌涤纶混纺织物的制备方法,其特征在于:所述茶多酚和壳聚糖的重量配比为1:1。
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