CN115073706A - 一种增强型etpu及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种增强型etpu及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN115073706A CN115073706A CN202111231808.7A CN202111231808A CN115073706A CN 115073706 A CN115073706 A CN 115073706A CN 202111231808 A CN202111231808 A CN 202111231808A CN 115073706 A CN115073706 A CN 115073706A
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- etpu
- polyol
- enhanced
- parts
- chain extender
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Abstract
本发明涉及IPC C08G18/00技术领域,尤其涉及一种增强型ETPU及其制备方法和应用。按照重量份计,其原料包括多元醇型聚合物68‑84份,多官能度异氰酸酯20‑48份,扩链剂5‑12份,助剂3‑10份。本发明提供了一种增强型ETPU,采用特定聚合物多元醇和异氰酸酯、扩链剂和催化剂等物质共同作用,配合特定的一步法发泡工艺,赋予ETPU优异的机械强度,透气性和发泡效果,所得到的的ETPU材料尤其适用于在鞋材领域推广。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及IPC C08G18/00技术领域,尤其涉及一种增强型ETPU及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
聚氨酯弹性材料因能够兼具高弹性和高强度,被广泛应用于建筑,医疗器械,航空航天,日化用品等多个领域。由于聚氨酯弹性材料具有优异的缓冲、轻质、耐磨等特征,在日化用品(尤其是鞋材)的材料选择中备受青睐。发泡聚氨酯弹性体(ETPU)为提供新型高性能、低成本鞋材材料提供了一种全新思路。
中国专利CN201810898475.5公开了一种用于制作发泡鞋材的聚氨酯弹性体及其制备方法,按照A组分为聚醚多元醇,B组分为异氰酸酯与聚醚多元醇反应得到的预聚物,然后将A、B组分混合、发泡,得到低硬度和高粘性的鞋材制品。但是多步制备发泡聚氨酯的工艺繁琐,不适宜大批量日用材料的生产。
中国专利CN201911171775.4公开了一种一步法制备轻质聚氨酯半硬泡的连续生产方法,采用水平连续半高压聚氨酯发泡设备,将聚醚多元醇组合物,阻燃剂,开孔剂和扩链剂混合反应,得到具有吸音效果和韧性的聚氨酯半硬泡。一步法制备的聚氨酯的发泡效果不易控制,该现有技术未对发泡材料的透气性、孔径均匀程度进行探究,仍未解决一步法制备聚氨酯应用于鞋材的技术问题。
发明内容
本发明通过提供一种增强型ETPU,解决了现有技术中多步法发泡制备聚氨酯ETPU的工艺繁琐,一步法制备ETPU的发泡产物不易控制,泡孔不均的技术问题,实现了一种兼具支撑性和柔韧性、发泡均匀、工艺简便的增强型ETPU。
本发明第一方面提供了一种增强型ETPU。一种增强型ETPU,按照重量份计,其原料包括多元醇型聚合物68-84份,多官能度异氰酸酯20-48份,扩链剂5-12份,助剂3-10份。
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述多元醇型聚合物包括聚乙二醇,聚乙二醇己二酸酯,聚己内酯多元醇,聚碳酸酯多元醇,二聚酸聚酯多元醇,聚乳酸多元醇,聚己二酸丁二醇酯,聚醚多元醇中的一种或多种的组合。
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述多元醇型聚合物为聚醚多元醇和聚己内酯多元醇,聚醚多元醇和聚己内酯多元醇的重量比为(2-5):(0.5-1)。
进一步优选,所述聚醚多元醇的羟值为16-78mgKOH/g,平均分子量为1000-20000,粘度为142-1360mPa.s。
更进一步优选,所述聚醚多元醇由第一聚醚多元醇和第二聚醚多元醇组成,第一聚醚多元醇和第二聚醚多元醇的重量比为(3-6):1。
优选的,所述第一聚醚多元醇的羟值为28mgKOH/g,平均分子量为4000,粘度(25℃)为971mPa.s;来源于美国陶氏,型号为VORANOL 2140。
优选的,所述第二聚醚多元醇的羟值为56mgKOH/g,平均分子量为2000,粘度(25℃)为370mPa.s;来源于美国陶氏,型号为VORANOL 2000LM。
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述聚己内酯多元醇的羟值为30-120mgKOH/g,平均分子量为1000-3000,粘度(75℃)为276-560mPa.s。
优选的,所述聚己内酯多元醇的羟值为56mgKOH/g,平均分子量为2000,粘度(75℃)为376mPa.s,来源于日本大赛璐,型号为PCL220。
发泡聚氨酯(ETPU)通过优化TPU弹性体的结构,得到热塑性高弹性高分子材料,因具有较好的耐磨性、回弹性能,成为日化用品(尤其是鞋材)的热门材料选择。但是聚氨酯的合成及发泡通常需要经过多步反应并配合预聚体法或半预聚体法得到,合成过程的繁琐性局限了ETPU的应用。本发明在探究过程中发现,采用重量比为(2-5):(0.5-1)的聚醚多元醇和聚己内酯多元醇共同作用,与异氰酸酯作用能够得到交联稳固的聚氨酯,进一步发现选择特定物性参数的聚醚多元醇和聚己内酯多元醇时,多元醇型聚合物与异氰酸酯的反应过程较为平稳,能够实现一步发泡得到ETPU,较大程度上提升了反应的可控性。
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述多官能度异氰酸酯包括HDI、MDI、IPDI、TDI、PAPI中的一种或多种的组合。
进一步优选,所述多官能度异氰酸酯具体为MDI(二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯),优选为L-MDI(液态MDI)。
采用一步法合成ETPU时,链增长、聚合物交联和泡孔生长在极短的时间尺度下完成,对原料的要求较高,且发泡过程中气体的逸出和气壁的保持难以控制,现有技术中产生的泡孔通常不够均匀分散,最终得到的ETPU容易出现针孔、发泡线痕等缺陷。本发明在探究过程中发现,多官能度异氰酸酯的选择直接影响着聚氨酯的发泡性能,常规的TDI的反应效率低,且气味较大,不适宜在批量日用品材料技术中应用。采用MDI能够合成结构规整的聚氨酯发泡体,优选的,当MDI为液态MDI时,得到的ETPU具有均匀致密的泡孔结构,形成的材料兼具较好的透气性和承载强度。
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述扩链剂包括乙二醇,丙三醇,丁二醇,一缩二乙二醇,对苯二酚二羟乙基醚,三羟甲基丙烷,1,4-环己二醇,二乙醇胺,二亚甲基苯基二醇,二乙基甲苯二胺,缩水甘油烯丙基醚中的一种或多种的组合。
进一步优选,所述扩链剂包括一缩二乙二醇和对苯二酚二羟乙基醚,一缩二乙二醇和对苯二酚二羟乙基醚的摩尔比为(6-9):1。
本发明选择摩尔比为(6-9):1的一缩二乙二醇和对苯二酚二羟乙基醚作为扩链剂,能够以竞争反应机制提升体系中异氰酸酯和聚醇的反应活性,促进聚氨酯聚合物中柔性链段结构和刚性链段相嵌连,形成的聚氨酯在一步发泡过程中,泡孔的收缩被显著抑制,材料的尺寸稳定性提升,通过特定结构扩链剂的引入,使聚合物分子链的旋转空间位垒适宜,聚氨基甲酸酯的支撑性能和滑移性能得到平衡,赋予ETPU稳固的支撑效果和一定的柔韧性,在应用于鞋材时为足部提供保护力和舒适感。
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述助剂包括催化剂,稳泡剂;催化剂,稳泡剂的重量比为1:(2-6)。
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述催化剂包括胺类催化剂和/或金属类催化剂。
作为胺类催化剂的实例,包括但不限于N,N-二甲基环己胺,双(2-二甲氨基乙基)醚、N,N,N',N'-四甲基亚烷基二胺,N-乙基吗啉,三乙胺,三乙醇胺,N,N-二甲基苄胺,N,N’-二甲基吡啶。
作为金属类催化剂的实例,所述金属类催化剂包括但不限于二月桂酸二丁基锡,异辛酸亚锡,异辛酸锌,新癸酸锌。
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述稳泡剂具体为硅系化合物,十二烷基二甲基氧化胺,烷基醇酰胺,聚丙烯酰胺,聚乙烯醇中的一种或多种的组合。
为了优化发泡过程,调节配方相容性,进一步优选,所述稳泡剂为硅系化合物;例如迈图硅油L-580;迈图硅油L-580的粘度(25℃)为100cSt。
本发明第二方面提供了一种增强型ETPU的制备方法和应用,所述增强型ETPU的制备步骤包括:按照配方量将多元醇型聚合物,多官能度异氰酸酯,扩链剂,助剂投入料罐中,混合均匀,转移至双螺杆挤出机中,在120-185℃挤出造粒,得到发泡基料;将发泡基料投入发泡釜中,通入气体发泡剂,在80-130℃作用0.5-24h,得到发泡坯料,将发泡坯料转移至模具中进行模压定型,得到成品。
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述气体发泡剂包括氮气,空气或二氧化碳;优选为超临界流体二氧化碳。本发明发现,采用超临界流体二氧化碳对特定多元醇型聚合物与异氰酸酯的反应产物进行发泡,能够一步法得到发泡性能优异,泡孔均匀,回弹性和支撑性优异的增强型ETPU。
本发明第三方面提供了一种增强型ETPU在鞋材中的应用。
有益效果:
本发明提供了一种增强型ETPU,采用特定聚合物多元醇和异氰酸酯、扩链剂和催化剂等物质共同作用,配合特定的一步法发泡工艺,赋予ETPU优异的机械强度,透气性和发泡效果,所得到的的ETPU材料尤其适用于在鞋材领域推广。
具体实施方式
实施例1.
本实施例提供了一种增强型ETPU,按照重量份计,其原料包括多元醇型聚合物76份,多官能度异氰酸酯34份,扩链剂8份,助剂6.4份。
所述多元醇型聚合物为聚醚多元醇和聚己内酯多元醇,聚醚多元醇和聚己内酯多元醇的重量比为4:0.8。
所述聚醚多元醇由第一聚醚多元醇和第二聚醚多元醇组成,第一聚醚多元醇和第二聚醚多元醇的重量比为4.5:1。
所述第一聚醚多元醇的羟值为28mgKOH/g,平均分子量为4000,粘度(25℃)为971mPa.s;来源于美国陶氏,型号为VORANOL 2140。
所述第二聚醚多元醇的羟值为56mgKOH/g,平均分子量为2000,粘度(25℃)为370mPa.s;来源于美国陶氏,型号为VORANOL 2000LM。
所述聚己内酯多元醇的羟值为56mgKOH/g,平均分子量为2000,粘度(75℃)为376mPa.s,来源于日本大赛璐,型号为PCL220。
所述多官能度异氰酸酯为L-MDI(液态MDI),官能度为3,来源于济宁诚泰化工有限公司。
所述扩链剂包括一缩二乙二醇和对苯二酚二羟乙基醚,一缩二乙二醇和对苯二酚二羟乙基醚的摩尔比为8:1。
所述助剂包括催化剂,稳泡剂;催化剂,稳泡剂的重量比为1:5。
所述催化剂为金属类催化剂。
所述金属类催化剂为二月桂酸二丁基锡和异辛酸锌,二月桂酸二丁基锡和异辛酸锌的重量比为6:1。
所述稳泡剂为硅系化合物;具体为迈图硅油L-580;迈图硅油L-580的粘度(25℃)为100cSt。
本实施例第二方面提供了一种增强型ETPU的制备方法,所述增强型ETPU的制备步骤包括:按照配方量将多元醇型聚合物,多官能度异氰酸酯,扩链剂,助剂投入料罐中,混合均匀,转移至双螺杆挤出机中,在135℃挤出造粒,得到发泡基料;将发泡基料投入发泡釜中,通入气体发泡剂,在105℃作用3h,得到发泡坯料,将发泡坯料转移至模具中进行模压定型,得到成品。
所述气体发泡剂为超临界流体二氧化碳。
本实施例第三方面提供了所述增强型ETPU在鞋材中的应用。
实施例2.
本实施例提供了一种增强型ETPU,按照重量份计,其原料包括多元醇型聚合物76份,多官能度异氰酸酯34份,扩链剂8份,助剂6.4份。
所述多元醇型聚合物为聚醚多元醇和聚己内酯多元醇,聚醚多元醇和聚己内酯多元醇的重量比为4:0.8。
所述聚醚多元醇由第一聚醚多元醇和第二聚醚多元醇组成,第一聚醚多元醇和第二聚醚多元醇的重量比为5.6:1。
所述第一聚醚多元醇的羟值为28mgKOH/g,平均分子量为4000,粘度(25℃)为971mPa.s;来源于美国陶氏,型号为VORANOL 2140。
所述第二聚醚多元醇的羟值为56mgKOH/g,平均分子量为2000,粘度(25℃)为370mPa.s;来源于美国陶氏,型号为VORANOL 2000LM。
所述聚己内酯多元醇的羟值为56mgKOH/g,平均分子量为2000,粘度(75℃)为376mPa.s,来源于日本大赛璐,型号为PCL220。
所述多官能度异氰酸酯为L-MDI(液态MDI),官能度为3,来源于济宁诚泰化工有限公司。
所述扩链剂包括一缩二乙二醇和对苯二酚二羟乙基醚,一缩二乙二醇和对苯二酚二羟乙基醚的摩尔比为8:1。
所述助剂包括催化剂,稳泡剂;催化剂,稳泡剂的重量比为1:5。
所述催化剂为金属类催化剂。
所述金属类催化剂为二月桂酸二丁基锡和异辛酸锌,二月桂酸二丁基锡和异辛酸锌的重量比为6:1。
所述稳泡剂为硅系化合物;具体为迈图硅油L-580;迈图硅油L-580的粘度(25℃)为100cSt。
本实施例第二方面提供了一种增强型ETPU的制备方法,所述增强型ETPU的制备步骤包括:按照配方量将多元醇型聚合物,多官能度异氰酸酯,扩链剂,助剂投入料罐中,混合均匀,转移至双螺杆挤出机中,在135℃挤出造粒,得到发泡基料;将发泡基料投入发泡釜中,通入气体发泡剂,在105℃作用3h,得到发泡坯料,将发泡坯料转移至模具中进行模压定型,得到成品。
所述气体发泡剂为超临界流体二氧化碳。
本实施例第三方面提供了所述增强型ETPU在鞋材中的应用。
实施例3.
本实施例提供了一种增强型ETPU,按照重量份计,其原料包括多元醇型聚合物76份,多官能度异氰酸酯34份,扩链剂8份,助剂6.4份。
所述多元醇型聚合物为聚醚多元醇和聚己内酯多元醇,聚醚多元醇和聚己内酯多元醇的重量比为3:1。
所述聚醚多元醇由第一聚醚多元醇和第二聚醚多元醇组成,第一聚醚多元醇和第二聚醚多元醇的重量比为4.5:1。
所述第一聚醚多元醇的羟值为28mgKOH/g,平均分子量为4000,粘度(25℃)为971mPa.s;来源于美国陶氏,型号为VORANOL 2140。
所述第二聚醚多元醇的羟值为56mgKOH/g,平均分子量为2000,粘度(25℃)为370mPa.s;来源于美国陶氏,型号为VORANOL 2000LM。
所述聚己内酯多元醇的羟值为56mgKOH/g,平均分子量为2000,粘度(75℃)为376mPa.s,来源于日本大赛璐,型号为PCL220。
所述多官能度异氰酸酯为L-MDI(液态MDI),官能度为3,来源于济宁诚泰化工有限公司。
所述扩链剂包括一缩二乙二醇和对苯二酚二羟乙基醚,一缩二乙二醇和对苯二酚二羟乙基醚的摩尔比为8:1。
所述助剂包括催化剂,稳泡剂;催化剂,稳泡剂的重量比为1:5。
所述催化剂为金属类催化剂。
所述金属类催化剂为二月桂酸二丁基锡和异辛酸锌,二月桂酸二丁基锡和异辛酸锌的重量比为6:1。
所述稳泡剂为硅系化合物;具体为迈图硅油L-580;迈图硅油L-580的粘度(25℃)为100cSt。
本实施例第二方面提供了一种增强型ETPU的制备方法,所述增强型ETPU的制备步骤包括:按照配方量将多元醇型聚合物,多官能度异氰酸酯,扩链剂,助剂投入料罐中,混合均匀,转移至双螺杆挤出机中,在135℃挤出造粒,得到发泡基料;将发泡基料投入发泡釜中,通入气体发泡剂,在105℃作用3h,得到发泡坯料,将发泡坯料转移至模具中进行模压定型,得到成品。
所述气体发泡剂为超临界流体二氧化碳。
本实施例第三方面提供了所述增强型ETPU在鞋材中的应用。
对比例1.
本实施例提供了一种增强型ETPU,具体实施方式同实施例1;不同点在于,所述多元醇型聚合物为聚醚多元醇,未加入聚己内酯多元醇。
对比例2.
本实施例提供了一种增强型ETPU,具体实施方式同实施例1;不同点在于,第一聚醚多元醇和第二聚醚多元醇的重量比为1:1。
对比例3.
本实施例提供了一种增强型ETPU,具体实施方式同实施例1;不同点在于,所述扩链剂为丙三醇。
性能测试方法
1.断裂伸长率
参考ASTM D3574测定实施例1-3和对比例1-3的增强型ETPU的断裂伸长率。
2.透气性
参照JIS K 6400透气率A方法测定实施例1-3和对比例1-3的增强型ETPU的透气率;样品厚度为10mm。
定义透气率>160L/min为透气性优,透气率≤160L/min为透气性差。
3.发泡效果
观察实施例1-3和对比例1-3的SEM图像,每个样品的SEM图像上随机选择10个泡孔,计算泡孔直径的相对标注偏差RSD,RSD越小说明泡孔越均匀,发泡效果越好。
性能测试数据
表1.性能测试结果
断裂伸长率% | 透气性 | RSD% | |
实施例1 | 534 | 优 | 4.8 |
实施例2 | 521 | 优 | 6.1 |
实施例3 | 510 | 优 | 8.1 |
对比例1 | 488 | 差 | 10.3 |
对比例2 | 436 | 差 | 12.6 |
对比例3 | 473 | 差 | 9.4 |
Claims (10)
1.一种增强型ETPU,其特征在于,按照重量份计,其原料包括多元醇型聚合物68-84份,多官能度异氰酸酯20-48份,扩链剂5-12份,助剂3-10份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种增强型ETPU,其特征在于,所述多元醇型聚合物包括聚乙二醇,聚乙二醇己二酸酯,聚己内酯多元醇,聚碳酸酯多元醇,二聚酸聚酯多元醇,聚乳酸多元醇,聚己二酸丁二醇酯,聚醚多元醇中的一种或多种的组合。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种增强型ETPU,其特征在于,所述多元醇型聚合物为聚醚多元醇和聚己内酯多元醇,聚醚多元醇和聚己内酯多元醇的重量比为(2-5):(0.5-1)。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的一种增强型ETPU,其特征在于,所述多官能度异氰酸酯包括HDI、MDI、IPDI、TDI、PAPI中的一种或多种的组合。
5.根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的一种增强型ETPU,其特征在于,所述扩链剂包括乙二醇,丙三醇,丁二醇,一缩二乙二醇,对苯二酚二羟乙基醚,三羟甲基丙烷,1,4-环己二醇,二乙醇胺,二亚甲基苯基二醇,二乙基甲苯二胺,缩水甘油烯丙基醚中的一种或多种的组合。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种增强型ETPU,其特征在于,所述扩链剂包括一缩二乙二醇和对苯二酚二羟乙基醚,一缩二乙二醇和对苯二酚二羟乙基醚的摩尔比为(6-9):1。
7.根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的一种增强型ETPU,其特征在于,所述助剂包括催化剂,稳泡剂;催化剂,稳泡剂的重量比为1:(2-6)。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种增强型ETPU,其特征在于,所述稳泡剂具体为硅系化合物,十二烷基二甲基氧化胺,烷基醇酰胺,聚丙烯酰胺,聚乙烯醇中的一种或多种的组合。
9.一种根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的一种增强型ETPU的制备方法,其特征在于,所述增强型ETPU的制备步骤包括:按照配方量将多元醇型聚合物,多官能度异氰酸酯,扩链剂,助剂投入料罐中,混合均匀,转移至发泡装置中,通入气体发泡剂,在85-110℃作用0.5-24h,得到成品。
10.一种根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的增强型ETPU在鞋材中的应用。
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Denomination of invention: An enhanced ETPU and its preparation method and application Granted publication date: 20231222 Pledgee: Industrial Bank Co.,Ltd. Shanghai Hongkou sub branch Pledgor: SHANGHAI LEJOIN HIGH-MOLECULAR MATERIAL CO.,LTD. Registration number: Y2024310000964 |