CN115039833B - Preparation method of non-icing bacterial enzyme synergistic fermentation yellow storage straw feed at-10 DEG C - Google Patents
Preparation method of non-icing bacterial enzyme synergistic fermentation yellow storage straw feed at-10 DEG C Download PDFInfo
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
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- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 241000194108 Bacillus licheniformis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 241001468157 Lactobacillus johnsonii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 240000006024 Lactobacillus plantarum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000013965 Lactobacillus plantarum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229940072205 lactobacillus plantarum Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 101710130006 Beta-glucanase Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 101710121765 Endo-1,4-beta-xylanase Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 108010029541 Laccase Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 108010059820 Polygalacturonase Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 108010093305 exopolygalacturonase Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 229940127219 anticoagulant drug Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000013325 dietary fiber Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019629 palatability Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000186660 Lactobacillus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
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- 235000021050 feed intake Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940039696 lactobacillus Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002906 microbiologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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Abstract
A preparation method of non-icing bacterial enzyme synergistic fermentation yellow storage straw feed at-10 ℃ relates to a preparation method of yellow storage feed, and aims to solve the technical problem that the yellow storage feed is frozen at-low temperature in winter so as to influence fermentation. The method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing corn straw and a composite antifreezing starter to obtain a raw material; then the raw materials are placed in a silage bag for light-proof fermentation, wherein the composite antifreezing starter is prepared by uniformly mixing microbial agent, active enzyme, urea solution and sugar; the microbial agent is prepared by mixing bacillus subtilis subspecies, bacillus licheniformis, lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus johnsonii; the active enzyme is prepared by mixing cellulase, laccase, xylanase, pectinase and beta-glucanase; the urea solution has a mass percentage concentration of 30-35%. The yellow storage feed prepared by the method is not frozen and fully fermented, and can be used in the field of winter feed preparation in cold areas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a yellow storage feed technology, in particular to a technology for preparing yellow storage straw feed by synergistic fermentation of non-icing bacterial enzymes at minus 10 ℃.
Background
Corn stalk is one of the dominant resources in northeast China, and its yield is about 48% of the total yield of China. However, the comprehensive utilization rate of the corn stalks is less than 70 percent due to factors such as insufficient technical means, unreasonable planning and the like. In recent years, along with the continuous development of scientific technology, the field of straw five is broken through continuously, and the comprehensive utilization rate of corn straw is also improved steadily. In particular, the requirements and demands for improving the quality of meat in the living standard of people are also increasing, and ruminant meat can just meet as a source of high-quality meat food. Therefore, this has also prompted the development of large-scale and intensive ruminant farming. The roughage has irreplaceable special physiological needs for ruminants, and further reflects urgent demands of the development of ruminant farming on roughages, and the straw forage has the advantages of low cost, wide sources and large quantity, and is an important measure for developing the grass and livestock industry and improving the ecological environment.
The yellow storage technology is an important measure for not only preserving the nutrient substances of forage grass, but also improving the digestibility, palatability and feed intake of the forage. However, the high cellulose contained in the straw limits the digestibility of animals, and particularly, lignin is combined with cellulose and hemicellulose to form a mosaic structure which is difficult to dissociate. It is still difficult to achieve the ideal feeding effect after simple yellow storage. Therefore, by adding silage microbial additives or biological enzyme preparations which are specially aimed at cellulose degradation or lactic acid production and the like, the palatability of the yellow-stored straws is low and the digestion utilization rate is remarkably improved. However, in northeast areas, corn stalks can be used for deep autumn and winter in northeast areas when being harvested and dried in the air, and the average temperature in winter in the northeast areas is about minus 10 ℃, so that the activities of microorganisms and biological enzymes are greatly reduced, and finally, the quality of the yellow rice is not guaranteed. Moreover, the grass-eating livestock breeding facilities such as cattle and sheep and the like and forage grass storage places in northeast are open and have no heat preservation facilities. Therefore, the yellow storage fodder in northeast winter can be frozen into ice lump, and can not be fed at all, and meanwhile, due to the freezing, anaerobic fermentation microorganisms such as lactobacillus and the biological enzyme of the corn stalk are difficult to play in the yellow storage process, so that the quality of the fermented fodder is poor. If the problem of icing of the straw feed in winter can be solved, the problem of shortage of high-quality coarse feed for cattle and sheep in winter in northeast can be solved, and the growth performance of cattle and sheep in winter and the survival rate of calving by lambing can be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method of yellow storage straw feed by synergistic fermentation of non-frozen bacterial enzymes at-10 ℃ in order to solve the technical problem that the yellow storage feed is frozen at-low temperature in winter so as to influence fermentation. According to the invention, the urea solution is added to corn stalks, the microbial preparation and the biological enzyme preparation are added, and the urea solution is added, so that not only is the nitrogen source of the feed increased, but also the freezing prevention of the feed at minus 10 ℃ is ensured, and the optimal activity of microorganisms and enzymes under the low-temperature condition is maintained, so that the fermentation quality of the yellow storage feed is promoted, and the practical problem that the freezing of the feed at minus Wen Huangzhu in winter is influenced is solved.
The preparation method of the non-icing bacterial enzyme synergistic fermentation yellow storage straw feed at the temperature of minus 10 ℃ comprises the following steps:
1. uniformly mixing corn straw and a composite antifreezing starter to obtain a raw material; wherein the composite antifreezing starter is prepared from microbial agent, active enzyme, urea solution and sugar according to the mass ratio of (1-3): 1: (1-2): (1-2) uniformly mixing; the microbial agent is prepared from bacillus subtilis subspecies, bacillus licheniformis, lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus johnsonii according to the mass ratio of (1.5-2.4): 1: (3.2-4.5): (4.3-5.5) and mixing the materials according to the proportion; the active enzyme is prepared from cellulase, laccase, xylanase, pectase and beta-glucanase according to the mass ratio of (1-3): (1-3): (1-2): 1: mixing the components (1-2); the urea solution is 30-35% of the urea solution in percentage by mass;
2. and (3) adjusting the raw materials obtained in the step (A) to 50-65% of water content by mass percent, compacting, placing in a silage bag, evacuating, sealing, and fermenting for 30-45 days at the temperature of more than or equal to-10 ℃ in a dark place to obtain the silage.
Further, the bacillus subtilis subspecies are subjected to domestication and ancestral returning verification at a low temperature of-15 ℃ to 15 ℃, and purified bacillus subtilis subspecies GIM1.372, and the strain is from the Guangdong province microorganism strain collection (GDMCC).
Further, the bacillus licheniformis is the bacillus licheniformis GIM1.182 which is subjected to domestication and ancestral verification at the low temperature of-15 ℃ and purified, and the strain is from the Guangdong province microorganism strain collection (GDMCC).
Further, the lactobacillus plantarum is lactobacillus plantarum GIM1.648 which is subjected to domestication and ancestral verification at a low temperature of-15 ℃ and purified, and the strain is from the Guangdong province microorganism strain collection (GDMCC).
Further, the Lactobacillus johnsonii is Lactobacillus johnsonii GIM1.730 which is domesticated and ancestral verified at a low temperature of-15 ℃ and purified, and the strain is from the Guangdong province microbiological strain collection center (GDMCC).
Further, the corn stalk is cut into sections of 1 cm-3 cm.
Further, the mass ratio of the composite antifreezing ferment to the corn straw in the first step is (0.2-0.6): 1000.
further, the sugar in step one is sucrose.
The invention prepares the composite antifreezing starter by adding a proper amount of urea solution and mixing the urea solution, microbial agent, sugar and active enzyme, overcomes the problem that the corn straw yellow-stored microbial agent and the active enzyme are inhibited in a low-temperature state, ensures that microorganisms can effectively decompose and utilize nutrient components in straw to produce lactic acid, and achieves the function of degrading lignin by matching with the targeting effect of the active enzyme. The content of acid washing fiber, neutral washing cellulose, lignin and hemicellulose in the yellow storage feed produced by the method is further reduced, more nutrient components such as soluble sugar and lactic acid are produced, the in-vitro digestibility of dry matters, crude protein, neutral washing fiber and acid washing fiber of the yellow storage feed is also remarkably improved, and finally the phenomenon that the yellow storage feed is frozen at low temperature in winter is effectively prevented.
The invention ensures that microorganisms and biological enzymes can still exert the maximum activity in anaerobic environment under the low-temperature environment by the bacteria-enzyme synergistic fermentation and urea ammoniation technology, realizes that the yellow-stored straw feed does not freeze in winter, improves the digestibility and nitrogen content of the straw, and simultaneously achieves the anti-freezing effect, and can be used in the field of winter feed preparation in cold regions.
Detailed Description
The following examples are used to demonstrate the benefits of the present invention.
Example 1: the preparation method of the yellow storage straw feed comprises the following steps:
1. firstly, preparing a mixture of bacillus subtilis subspecies, bacillus licheniformis, lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus johnsonii according to the mass ratio of 2:1:4.5:5.3, uniformly mixing bacillus subtilis subspecies, bacillus licheniformis, lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus johnsonii to obtain a microbial agent; wherein the bacillus subtilis subspecies are purified bacillus subtilis subspecies GIM1.372 through domestication and ancestor verification at the low temperature of-15 ℃ to 15 ℃; the bacillus licheniformis is the bacillus licheniformis GIM1.182 which is subjected to domestication and ancestral verification at the low temperature of-15 ℃ and purified; the lactobacillus plantarum is the lactobacillus plantarum GIM1.648 which is subjected to domestication and ancestral verification at the low temperature of-15 ℃; the lactobacillus johnsonii is lactobacillus johnsonii GIM1.730 which is subjected to domestication and ancestral verification at the low temperature of-15 ℃ and is purified; bacillus subtilis subspecies subtilis GIM1.372, bacillus licheniformis GIM1.182, lactobacillus plantarum GIM1.648 and Lactobacillus johnsonii GIM1.730 are all from the Guangdong province microbiological culture Collection center (GDMCC);
and then the mass ratio of cellulase, laccase, xylanase, pectase and beta-glucanase is 1:1:1:1:1, uniformly mixing cellulase, laccase, xylanase, pectinase and beta-glucanase to obtain active enzyme;
the microbial agent, active enzyme, urea solution with the mass percentage concentration of 32% and sucrose are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:1:1:1, uniformly mixing to obtain a composite antifreezing starter;
cutting corn straw into sections of 2cm, and uniformly mixing the composite antifreezing starter and the corn straw according to the mass ratio of the composite antifreezing starter to the corn straw of 0.4:1000 to obtain a No. 1 raw material;
2. adding water into the raw material 1 obtained in the step one, adjusting the water content to 55% by mass percent, then filling the raw material into an ensilage bag, vacuumizing until the gauge pressure of a vacuum gauge is minus 0.02MPa, sealing, and fermenting for 45 days at minus 10 ℃, minus 15 ℃ and minus 20 ℃ in a dark place respectively to obtain silage which is marked as C1-10, C1-15 and C1-20.
Example 2: the difference between this example and example 1 is that in the first step, the preparation method of the composite antifreezing starter is: the microbial agent, active enzyme, urea solution with the mass percentage concentration of 32% and sucrose are mixed according to the mass ratio of 2:1:1:1, uniformly mixing to obtain a composite antifreezing starter; the yellow silage obtained in the same manner as in example 1 was designated as C2-10, C2-15 and C2-20 feeds.
Example 3: the present example was different from example 1 in that the mass percentage concentration of the urea solution in step one was 22%, and the other materials were the same as in example 1, and the yellow silage obtained was designated as C3-10, C3-15, and C3-20 feeds.
Example 4: the difference between this example and example 2 is that in step one, the mass percentage concentration of urea solution is 22%, and the other materials are the same as in example 2, and the obtained silage is denoted as C4-10, C4-15, and C4-20 feeds.
Example 5: the difference between this example and example 1 is that in step one, the mass percentage concentration of the urea solution is 42%, and the other materials are the same as in example 1, and the yellow fodder obtained is denoted as C5-10, C5-15, and C5-20 fodder.
Example 6: the difference between this example and example 2 is that in step one, the mass percentage concentration of the urea solution is 42%, and the other materials are the same as in example 2, and the obtained silage is denoted as C6-10, C6-15, and C6-20 feeds.
The six groups of feeds prepared in examples 1 to 6 were subjected to apparent determination as to whether or not the feeds were frozen, and then the crude protein content, pH value, lactic acid content, acidic washing fiber content, neutral washing cellulose content and acidic lignin content of the feeds were tested, and at the same time, a proper amount of feed samples were taken for rumen liquid external digestion for 48 hours, and the test results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 results of performance test of each feed prepared in example 1
The test results were analyzed as follows:
at minus 15 ℃ and minus 20 ℃, adding a composite ferment prepared from a microbial agent, active enzyme and a 22% urea solution or a 32% urea solution or a 42% urea solution subzero low-temperature anticoagulant, and then freezing in yellow storage.
At the temperature of minus 10 ℃, after the composite ferment prepared from the microbial agent, the active enzyme and the minus low-temperature anticoagulant of the 22 percent urea solution or the 42 percent urea solution is added, the icing phenomenon appears in the yellow stock, and after the composite ferment prepared from the microbial agent, the active enzyme and the 32 percent urea solution is added, the icing phenomenon does not appear in the yellow stock.
Therefore, the compound starter prepared from the microbial agent, the active enzyme and the 32% urea solution can effectively solve the important problems that the yellow storage fodder at minus 10 ℃ is seriously frozen and the cultivation production is influenced under the condition of minus 10 ℃.
Adding microbial agent, active enzyme, 32% urea solution and sugar according to the mass ratio of 1:1:1:1 to prepare the composite starter, wherein the pH value of the C1-10 feed is 4.56, and the microbial agent, the active enzyme, the 32% urea solution and the sugar are added according to the mass ratio of 2:1:1:1 are uniformly mixed to prepare the C2-10 feed of the composite starter, the pH value of the feed is 4.04, and compared with the C1 feed, the pH value of the feed is obviously reduced by 0.52 (P is less than 0.05).
Adding microbial agent, active enzyme, 32% urea solution and sugar according to the mass ratio of 1:1:1:1, uniformly mixing to prepare the C1-10 feed neutral washing fiber content of the composite starter, wherein the content of the neutral washing fiber is 56.44%, and the microbial agent, the active enzyme, the 32% urea solution and the sugar are added according to the mass ratio of 2:1:1:1 are uniformly mixed to prepare the compound starter, the neutral washing fiber content of the C2-10 feed is 50.17 percent, and compared with the C1-10 feed, the neutral washing fiber content of the compound starter is obviously reduced by 6.27 percent (P is less than 0.05).
Adding microbial agent, active enzyme, 32% urea solution and sugar according to the mass ratio of 1:1:1:1 to prepare the compound starter, wherein the content of the acid washing fiber of the C1-10 feed is 46.48 percent, and the microbial agent, the active enzyme, the 32 percent urea solution and the sugar are added according to the mass ratio of 2:1:1:1 are uniformly mixed to prepare the compound starter, the content of the acid washing fiber of the C2-10 feed is 40.99 percent, and compared with the C1-10 feed, the content of the acid washing fiber of the C2-10 feed is obviously reduced by 5.49 percent (P is less than 0.05).
Adding microbial agent, active enzyme, 32% urea solution and sugar according to the mass ratio of 1:1:1:1, uniformly mixing to prepare the C1-10 feed acidic washing lignin of the composite starter, wherein the content of the acidic washing lignin is 6.49%, and adding a microbial agent, active enzyme, 32% urea solution and sugar according to the mass ratio of 2:1:1:1 are uniformly mixed to prepare the compound starter, the content of the acid washing lignin of the C2-10 feed is 3.79 percent, and compared with the C1-10 feed, the content of the acid washing lignin of the C2-10 feed is obviously reduced by 2.70 percent (P is less than 0.05).
Adding microbial agent, active enzyme, 32% urea solution and sugar according to the mass ratio of 1:1:1:1, uniformly mixing to prepare the C1-10 feed with the soluble sugar content of 11.07 percent, and adding a microbial agent, active enzyme, 32 percent urea solution and sugar according to the mass ratio of 2:1:1:1 are uniformly mixed to prepare the compound starter, the content of soluble sugar in the C2-10 feed is 15.67 percent, and compared with the C1-10 feed, the content of soluble sugar in the compound starter is obviously reduced by 4.60 percent (P is less than 0.05).
Adding microbial agent, active enzyme, 32% urea solution and sugar according to the mass ratio of 1:1:1:1 are uniformly mixed to prepare the compound starter, wherein the content of the lactic acid in the C1-10 feed is only 2.07 percent, and the compound starter has lower in-vitro dry matter digestibility, in-vitro crude protein digestibility, in-vitro neutral washing fiber digestibility and in-vitro acid washing fiber digestibility. Adding microbial agent, active enzyme, 32% urea solution and sugar according to the mass ratio of 2:1:1:1, the content of the lactic acid in the C2-10 feed which is uniformly mixed to prepare the compound starter can reach 3.23 percent, and the digestibility of dry matters, crude proteins, neutral washing fibers and acidic washing fibers in vitro are obviously improved.
This is because even at a temperature of-10 ℃, after the concentration of a suitable microbial agent is matched with sugar, active enzyme and 32% urea solution, the microorganism can still maintain the maximum activity and exert a larger functional effect in a low-temperature and anaerobic state, and the nutrients in sugar and straw and provided water are utilized to quickly enter a fermentation mode to generate more lactic acid, so that the pH is remarkably reduced. And the high-efficiency active enzyme is combined, so that the thick cell wall of the straw is degraded more effectively, the content of cellulose such as acidic washing fiber, neutral washing fiber and the like in the straw is further reduced, and more beneficial substance soluble sugar is generated. Finally, the in vitro dry matter digestibility of the corn straw yellow storage feed and the in vitro digestibility of nutrient components such as crude protein, neutral washing fiber, acid washing fiber and the like are obviously improved.
Claims (1)
1. The preparation method of the non-icing bacterial enzyme synergistic fermentation yellow storage straw feed at the temperature of minus 10 ℃ is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1. firstly, preparing a mixture of bacillus subtilis subspecies, bacillus licheniformis, lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus johnsonii according to the mass ratio of 2:1:4.5:5.3, uniformly mixing bacillus subtilis subspecies, bacillus licheniformis, lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus johnsonii to obtain a microbial agent; wherein the bacillus subtilis subspecies are purified bacillus subtilis subspecies GIM1.372 through domestication and ancestor verification at the low temperature of-15 ℃ to 15 ℃; the bacillus licheniformis is the bacillus licheniformis GIM1.182 which is subjected to domestication and ancestral verification at the low temperature of-15 ℃ and purified; the lactobacillus plantarum is the lactobacillus plantarum GIM1.648 which is subjected to domestication and ancestral verification at the low temperature of-15 ℃; the lactobacillus johnsonii is lactobacillus johnsonii GIM1.730 which is subjected to domestication and ancestral verification at the low temperature of-15 ℃ and is purified; bacillus subtilis subspecies subtilis GIM1.372, bacillus licheniformis GIM1.182, lactobacillus plantarum GIM1.648 and Lactobacillus johnsonii GIM1.730 are all from the Guangdong province microbiological culture Collection center (GDMCC);
and then the mass ratio of cellulase, laccase, xylanase, pectase and beta-glucanase is 1:1:1:1:1, uniformly mixing cellulase, laccase, xylanase, pectinase and beta-glucanase to obtain active enzyme;
the microbial agent, active enzyme, urea solution with the mass percentage concentration of 32% and sucrose are mixed according to the mass ratio of 2:1:1:1, uniformly mixing to obtain a composite antifreezing starter;
cutting corn straw into sections of 2cm, and uniformly mixing the composite antifreezing starter and the corn straw according to the mass ratio of the composite antifreezing starter to the corn straw of 0.4:1000 to obtain a No. 1 raw material;
2. and (3) adding water into the raw material 1 obtained in the step one, adjusting the water content to 55% by mass, putting the raw material into an ensilage bag, vacuumizing until the gauge pressure of a vacuum gauge is minus 0.02MPa, sealing, and fermenting in a dark place at the temperature of minus 10 ℃ for 45 days to obtain the yellow storage feed.
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