CN114984910B - 一种voc气体过滤器用复合活性炭膜 - Google Patents
一种voc气体过滤器用复合活性炭膜 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种VOC气体过滤器用复合活性炭膜，涉及过滤器耗材技术领域，解决现有活性炭过滤材料吸附量小，使用寿命短，无固定结构，不利于微型精密气体检测设备的结构设计和封装装配的技术问题，组成该复合活性炭膜的原料的百分比为：活性炭粉80‑90％，粘接剂10‑15％，粘结助剂0‑5％，活性灰粉在溶剂中分散均匀制成活性炭浆料，通过擀制、刮涂、喷涂方式制成膜片，施以压力压实，真空烘干后，即得复合活性炭膜；本发明经多层叠加，再施以热压，可制成结构稳定、密度较高且透气性良好的复合活性炭膜，并且可持续催化氧化被吸附的VOC及毒害性气体分子，加快对VOC及毒害性气体分子的催化氧化。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及过滤器耗材技术领域，更具体的是涉及一种VOC气体过滤器用复合活性炭膜。
背景技术
在一些用于检测CO、H2、CH4等气体的检测设备或检测元器件的应用中，时常会伴随着诸如SO2、H2S、NO2、有机硅等毒害性气体，抑或是存在乙醇、甲醛等VOC杂质气体干扰；这时候我们需要对毒害性气体和杂质气体进行过滤和消除；现有应用于气体传感器等微型设备的过滤材料主要有两种，一种是以活性炭为主的吸附材料，一种是以活性分子筛、氧化铝等多孔吸附剂为基材的吸附材料；但这些材料在遇到较高浓度目标气体时难以实现良好的吸附效率，且吸附达饱和后便会失效；此外，由于气体传感器体积小，过滤材料总体积受到限制，难以通过使用更多过滤材料来增强过滤效果；具体表现为：现有活性炭过滤材料蓬松，密度低，吸附量小，过滤效果不完全，不适用于高精度气体检测设备；有吸附上限，针对一些常见的有机蒸气使用寿命短，且传统活性分子筛类吸附剂材料状态分散，无固定结构，不利于微型精密气体检测设备的结构设计和封装装配。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于：为了解决现有活性炭过滤材料吸附量小，使用寿命短，无固定结构，不利于微型精密气体检测设备的结构设计和封装装配的技术问题，本发明提供一种VOC气体过滤器用复合活性炭膜。
本发明采用的技术方案如下：一种VOC气体过滤器用复合活性炭膜，组成该复合活性炭膜的原料的百分比为：活性炭粉80-90％，粘接剂10-15％，粘结助剂0-5％，其中，活性灰粉用乙醇分散，乙醇用量为活性炭的1.4-1.6倍，粘结剂用水和乙醇1：1混合溶液分散，溶剂总量为粘结剂原液的4.8-5.2倍，粘结助剂用水和NMP1:4混合溶液分散，溶剂总量为固含量的4倍，上述粘结剂分散液、粘结助剂分散液依次混入活性炭分散液中，分散后的活性灰粉在溶剂中分散均匀制成活性炭浆料，通过擀制、刮涂、喷涂方式制成膜片，施以压力压实，真空烘干后，即得复合活性炭膜，同等厚度下，单位面积含碳量是市售活性炭纤维布的3倍，是蓬松状活性炭纤维毡(棉)的5-10倍。同时也获得了更大的吸附量；当原料里不使用粘结助剂制得的复合活性炭膜，适用于对吸附量要求稍小或过滤器空间狭小的应用场景，单层使用；当原料里使用粘结助剂制得的复合活性炭膜，适用于多层叠加。
组成该复合活性炭膜的原料还包括纳米金属氧化物，在活性炭浆料中参入占总固含量10-30％的纳米金属氧化物，制得持续催化氧化浆料，通过擀制、刮涂、喷涂方式制成膜片，施以压力压实，真空烘干后即得复合活性炭膜，将该复合活性炭膜在5％H2、95％N2混合气氛中200℃活化30mi n；可持续催化氧化被吸附的VOC及毒害性气体分子，氧化产物为对可燃气体传感器不敏感的小分子(比如CH3COOH、SO2、CO2、H2O等)。
所述纳米金属氧化物为氧化锰、氧化铜、氧化镉、氧化镍中的一种。
所述组成该复合活性炭膜的原料还包括导电炭黑，将持续催化氧化浆料参入占总固含量5％的导电炭黑，导电炭黑与金属氧化物在胶粘剂作用下复合形成微型原电池系统，使VOC气体分子的催化氧化反应转化为电化学反应，反应活化能降低，加快对VOC及毒害性气体分子的催化氧化。
所述导电炭黑的质量比为1-5％wt。
所述复合活性炭膜设置有1-10层，复合活性炭膜经多层叠加，再施以热压成型，可制成结构稳定、密度较高且透气性良好的活性炭过滤器用的复合活性炭膜，可实现更完全的杂质气体吸附。
所述复合活性炭膜3层叠加，再施以热压成型，经济实用，能满足较多应用场景的需求。
所述纳米金属氧化物配比为总固含量的20％。
所述活性炭粉为10-50μm微米级活性炭粉。
综上所述，由于采用了上述技术方案，本发明的有益效果是：
本发明经多层叠加，再施以热压，可制成结构稳定、密度较高且透气性良好的复合活性炭膜，同等厚度下，单位面积含碳量是市售活性炭纤维布的3倍，是蓬松状活性炭纤维毡(棉)的5-10倍，同时也获得了更大的吸附量，可实现更完全的杂质气体吸附；并且可持续催化氧化被吸附的VOC及毒害性气体分子，加快对VOC及毒害性气体分子的催化氧化。
附图说明
本发明将通过例子并参照附图的方式说明，其中：
图1是本发明VOC气体过滤变化示意图；
图2是本发明复合活性炭膜与过滤器分开状态结构示意图；
图3是本发明复合活性炭膜与过滤器闭合状态状态剖视结构示意图；
图4是本发明2000ppm乙醇干扰曲线图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。通常在此处附图中描述和示出的本发明实施例的组件可以以各种不同的配置来布置和设计。
因此，以下对在附图中提供的本发明的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本发明的范围，而是仅仅表示本发明的选定实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
如图1-3所示，本实施例提供一种VOC气体过滤器用复合活性炭膜，组成该复合活性炭膜的原料的百分比为：活性炭粉80％，粘接剂15％，粘结助剂5％，其中，活性灰粉用乙醇分散，乙醇用量为活性炭的1.5倍，粘结剂用水和乙醇1：1混合溶液分散，溶剂总量为粘结剂原液的5倍，粘结助剂用水和NMP1:4混合溶液分散，溶剂总量为固含量的4倍，上述粘结剂分散液、粘结助剂分散液依次混入活性炭分散液中，分散后的活性灰粉在溶剂中分散均匀制成活性炭浆料，通过擀制、刮涂、喷涂方式制成膜片，施以压力压实，真空烘干后，即得复合活性炭膜，同等厚度下，单位面积含碳量是市售活性炭纤维布的3倍，是蓬松状活性炭纤维毡(棉)的5-10倍；同时也获得了更大的吸附量；适用于多层叠加。
实施例2
组成该复合活性炭膜的原料的百分比为：活性炭粉90％，粘接剂10％，其余同实施例1，适用于对吸附量要求稍小或过滤器空间狭小的应用场景，单层使用。
实施例3
组成该复合活性炭膜的原料的百分比为：活性炭粉64％，粘接剂12％，粘结助剂4％，纳米金属氧化物20％，制得持续催化氧化浆料，通过擀制、刮涂、喷涂方式制成膜片，施以压力压实，真空烘干后即得复合活性炭膜，将该复合活性炭膜在5％H2、95％N2混合气氛中200℃活化30mi n；可持续催化氧化被吸附的VOC及毒害性气体分子，氧化产物为对可燃气体传感器不敏感的小分子(比如CH3COOH、SO2、CO2、H2O等)，其余同实施例1。
实施例4
组成该复合活性炭膜的原料的百分比为：活性炭粉60.8％，粘接剂11.4％，粘结助剂3.8％，纳米金属氧化物19％，导电炭黑5％，其余同实施例3，导电炭黑与金属氧化物在胶粘剂作用下复合形成微型原电池系统，使VOC气体分子的催化氧化反应转化为电化学反应，反应活化能降低，加快对VOC及毒害性气体分子的催化氧化。
实施例5
在实施例2的基础上，所述复合活性炭膜设置有1层。
实施例6
在实施例4的基础上，所述复合活性炭膜设置有3层，复合活性炭膜经3层叠加，再施以热压成型。
实施例7
在实施例3的基础上，所述复合活性炭膜设置有4层，复合活性炭膜经4层叠加，再施以热压成型。
实施例8
在实施例1的基础上，所述复合活性炭膜设置有5层，复合活性炭膜经5层叠加，再施以热压成型。
本发明实施例6的效果对比数据为：过滤器装载本发明3层叠加效果的复合活性炭膜后，我司一氧化碳电化学传感器的抗乙醇干扰性能远远高于同业国际竞品和国内竞品；具体数据如下表所示：
以上数据测试方案参照国标GB15322.2-2019第4.25条，该组数据2000ppm乙醇干扰曲线图如图4所示。
Claims (5)
1.一种VOC气体过滤器用复合活性炭膜，其特征在于，该复合活性炭膜的原料的百分比为：活性炭粉80-90%，粘接剂10-15%，粘结助剂0-5%，其中，粘结助剂不为0；活性炭粉用乙醇分散，乙醇用量为活性炭的1.4-1.6倍，粘结剂用水和乙醇1：1混合溶液分散，溶剂总量为粘结剂原液的4.8-5.2倍，粘结助剂用水和NMP1:4混合溶液分散，溶剂总量为固含量的4倍，上述粘结剂分散液、粘结助剂分散液依次混入活性炭分散液中，分散均匀制成活性炭浆料；
组成该复合活性炭膜的原料还包括纳米金属氧化物，在活性炭浆料中掺入占总固含量10-30%的纳米金属氧化物，制得持续催化氧化浆料，通过擀制、刮涂、喷涂方式制成膜片，施以压力压实，真空烘干后即得复合活性炭膜，将该复合活性炭膜在5%H2、95%N2混合气氛中200℃活化30min；
所述组成该复合活性炭膜的原料还包括导电炭黑，将持续催化氧化浆料掺入占总固含量5%的导电炭黑；
所述复合活性炭膜设置有3-10层，复合活性炭膜经多层叠加，再施以热压成型。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种VOC气体过滤器用复合活性炭膜，其特征在于，所述纳米金属氧化物为氧化锰、氧化铜、氧化镉、氧化镍中的一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种VOC气体过滤器用复合活性炭膜，其特征在于，所述导电炭黑的质量比为1-5%wt。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种VOC气体过滤器用复合活性炭膜，其特征在于，所述纳米金属氧化物配比为总固含量的20%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种VOC气体过滤器用复合活性炭膜，其特征在于，所述活性炭粉为10-50μm微米级活性炭粉。
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