CN114984612B - Device and method for continuously and counter-currently extracting astragaloside - Google Patents
Device and method for continuously and counter-currently extracting astragaloside Download PDFInfo
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- CN114984612B CN114984612B CN202210549599.9A CN202210549599A CN114984612B CN 114984612 B CN114984612 B CN 114984612B CN 202210549599 A CN202210549599 A CN 202210549599A CN 114984612 B CN114984612 B CN 114984612B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- SMDOOINVMJSDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Astragaloside Natural products C1=C(O)C(OC)=CC(C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(O)C=C(O)C=C3O2)OC2C(C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(O)C(CO)O2)O)=C1 SMDOOINVMJSDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- QMNWISYXSJWHRY-XWJCTJPOSA-N astragaloside Chemical compound O1[C@H](C(C)(O)C)CC[C@]1(C)[C@@H]1[C@@]2(C)CC[C@]34C[C@]4(CC[C@H](O[C@H]4[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO4)O)C4(C)C)C4[C@@H](O[C@H]4[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O4)O)CC3[C@]2(C)C[C@@H]1O QMNWISYXSJWHRY-XWJCTJPOSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 235000006533 astragalus Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 241000045403 Astragalus propinquus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 61
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 229940107666 astragalus root Drugs 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 241001061264 Astragalus Species 0.000 claims description 21
- QMNWISYXSJWHRY-YLNUDOOFSA-N astragaloside IV Chemical compound O1[C@H](C(C)(O)C)CC[C@]1(C)[C@@H]1[C@@]2(C)CC[C@]34C[C@]4(CC[C@H](O[C@H]4[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO4)O)C4(C)C)[C@H]4[C@@H](O[C@H]4[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O4)O)C[C@H]3[C@]2(C)C[C@@H]1O QMNWISYXSJWHRY-YLNUDOOFSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- QMNWISYXSJWHRY-BCBPIKMJSA-N astragaloside IV Natural products CC(C)(O)[C@@H]1CC[C@@](C)(O1)[C@H]2[C@@H](O)C[C@@]3(C)[C@@H]4C[C@H](O[C@@H]5O[C@H](CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]5O)[C@H]6C(C)(C)[C@H](CC[C@@]67C[C@@]47CC[C@]23C)O[C@@H]8OC[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]8O QMNWISYXSJWHRY-BCBPIKMJSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- PFKIBRPYVNVMRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclosieversioside F Natural products CC(C)(O)C1COC(C)(C1)C2C(O)CC3(C)C4CC(OC5OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C5O)C6C(C)(C)C(CCC67CC47CCC23C)OC8OCC(O)C(O)C8O PFKIBRPYVNVMRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 210000004233 talus Anatomy 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013557 residual solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019206 astragalus extract Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001471 micro-filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001728 nano-filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005374 membrane filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/48—Fabaceae or Leguminosae (Pea or Legume family); Caesalpiniaceae; Mimosaceae; Papilionaceae
- A61K36/481—Astragalus (milkvetch)
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
- B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
- B30B9/04—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using press rams
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G33/00—Screw or rotary spiral conveyors
- B65G33/08—Screw or rotary spiral conveyors for fluent solid materials
- B65G33/14—Screw or rotary spiral conveyors for fluent solid materials comprising a screw or screws enclosed in a tubular housing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G33/00—Screw or rotary spiral conveyors
- B65G33/24—Details
- B65G33/26—Screws
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07J—STEROIDS
- C07J53/00—Steroids in which the cyclopenta(a)hydrophenanthrene skeleton has been modified by condensation with a carbocyclic rings or by formation of an additional ring by means of a direct link between two ring carbon atoms, including carboxyclic rings fused to the cyclopenta(a)hydrophenanthrene skeleton are included in this class
- C07J53/001—Steroids in which the cyclopenta(a)hydrophenanthrene skeleton has been modified by condensation with a carbocyclic rings or by formation of an additional ring by means of a direct link between two ring carbon atoms, including carboxyclic rings fused to the cyclopenta(a)hydrophenanthrene skeleton are included in this class spiro-linked
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D2011/002—Counter-current extraction
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Alternative & Traditional Medicine (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for continuously and counter-currently extracting astragaloside, which belong to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine extraction and comprise a fixing frame, wherein a top plate is fixedly arranged at the top of the fixing frame, a plurality of counter-currently extracting kettles for continuous extraction are fixedly arranged at the top of the fixing frame, ends at two ends of adjacent sides of the counter-currently extracting kettles are communicated through a continuous feeding pipe, and a distributing mechanism for dispersing input materials is fixedly arranged in an inner cavity of the counter-currently extracting kettles. According to the invention, the scraping rod and the distributing disc are matched to fully disperse materials, and the countercurrent extraction effect of the astragalus mongholicus stored in the distributing disc when the bottom steam rises is improved under the interception effect of the passing screen and the distributing disc, so that on one hand, the countercurrent extraction effect is effectively prevented from being influenced by material accumulation, on the other hand, the rapid continuous extraction of astragaloside is realized through a plurality of groups of countercurrent extraction kettles, and the extraction efficiency is effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of natural plant raw material extraction, and particularly relates to a device and a method for continuously countercurrent extracting astragaloside IV.
Background
The edible and medicinal values of the astragalus are very high, and the dosage concentration of the menstruum is mainly tested during the extraction of the astragaloside IV, and the repeated adjustment is needed to meet the requirement of a better extraction process.
The invention patent of Chinese patent document publication No. CN101781354B discloses a production method for preparing astragaloside IV, which comprises preparing astragalus extract by adopting a tank countercurrent extraction technology, centrifuging the extract at a high speed by adopting a centrifuge, collecting supernatant, carrying out microfiltration and ultrafiltration separation by adopting a corresponding microfiltration membrane and ultrafiltration membrane, and carrying out nanofiltration concentration on the separated liquid by adopting a nanofiltration membrane unit to obtain trapped fluid; drying the trapped fluid, wherein the dried product is an active ingredient enrichment of astragaloside IV; the invention adopts the countercurrent extraction technology to prepare the astragalus extract, so that the leaching rate of the active ingredients is high, the extraction efficiency is high, but in actual use, the dispersion effect of the astragalus raw material in the extraction process is poor, the full dispersion effect of the astragalus raw material is affected, the continuous production efficiency is low, and the use requirement can not be well met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at: in order to solve the problems that the dispersion effect of the astragalus raw material is poor, the full dispersion effect of the astragalus raw material is affected and the continuous production efficiency is low in the extraction process, the device and the method for continuously and counter-currently extracting astragaloside IV are provided.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The utility model provides a device of continuous countercurrent extraction astragaloside, includes the mount, mount top fixed mounting has the roof, the mount top sets firmly and installs a plurality of countercurrent extraction cauldron that are used for continuous extraction, and is linked together through continuous conveying pipe between the end at the adjacent one side both ends of a plurality of countercurrent extraction cauldron, countercurrent extraction cauldron inner chamber fixed mounting has the feed divider that is used for the dispersion to throw into the material, and fixed mounting has cloth actuating mechanism between a plurality of feed divider tops, cloth actuating mechanism fixed mounting is in the roof bottom, cloth actuating mechanism bottom sets firmly the discharge mechanism that is used for the slag tap, discharge mechanism sets firmly in countercurrent extraction cauldron inner chamber bottom, and is located countercurrent extraction cauldron one side fixed mounting of technology initial stage has the solvent pump, and is located countercurrent extraction cauldron one end intercommunication of technology end section and has the storage bucket.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
The feed divider comprises a plurality of vertically arranged feed divider disks, the feed divider disks are fixedly connected to one side of an inner cavity of the countercurrent extraction kettle, the inner cavities of the feed divider disks are rotationally connected with driving rods, a plurality of through grooves are formed in the tops of the feed divider disks in a surrounding mode at equal intervals, a feed passing screen is fixedly connected to the inside of each through groove, a plurality of feed leakage holes are formed in the tops of the feed passing screen, the tops of the feed divider disks are rotationally connected with scraping rods through bearings, the bottoms of the scraping rods are attached to the tops of the feed divider disks, the scraping rods are rotationally connected to the outside of the driving rods, the tops of the driving rods are fixedly connected with the bottoms of cloth driving motors, and the bottoms of the driving rods are rotationally connected with the discharging mechanism.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the cross section shape of the passing screen is arc-shaped, and the passing screen is a stainless steel screen.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
The discharging mechanism comprises a pressing plate, a screw rod seat is embedded at the top of the pressing plate, a reciprocating thread groove is formed in the inner cavity of the screw rod seat and the outer side wall of the bottom end of the driving rod, the screw rod seat is in threaded connection with a reciprocating thread groove, the screw rod seat is used for driving the screw rod seat to reciprocate to control pressing plate pressing slag, the outer side wall of the pressing plate is in sliding connection with a collecting hopper, the collecting hopper is fixedly arranged at the bottom side of the inner cavity of the countercurrent extraction kettle, and a kettle base is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity of the countercurrent extraction kettle.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
A discharge groove is arranged at the bottom of the collecting hopper, the cross section of the discharge groove is rectangular, the width of the inner cavity of the discharge groove is equal to the width of the pressing plate, an opening is arranged at one side of the discharge groove, and a discharge hole is formed in the opening position of one side of the outer wall of the countercurrent extraction kettle and the discharge groove, and a discharge cover plate is connected to the corresponding position of the outer wall of the countercurrent extraction kettle and the discharge hole through a hinge in a rotating manner.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the utility model discloses a reverse extraction kettle, including lamination board, telescopic link, extraction kettle inner chamber, back extraction kettle inner chamber, compression board top both sides all fixedly connected with telescopic link, telescopic link top fixed connection is in countercurrent extraction kettle inner chamber one side frame.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the countercurrent extraction kettle top is communicated with a feed hopper through a pipeline, the feed hoppers are embedded in the bottom of the top plate, the pipeline at the countercurrent extraction kettle top is communicated with a sealing plate, and the sealing plate is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the inner cavity of the countercurrent extraction kettle.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
The cloth actuating mechanism includes cloth driving motor, cloth driving motor fixed connection is in the roof bottom, cloth driving motor output shaft fixedly connected with transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft end is through pivot and bearing frame fixed connection in the roof bottom, and the transfer line lateral wall has set firmly a plurality of drive worms, and drive worm one side meshing has the transmission worm wheel, transmission worm wheel bottom fixedly connected with axis body, and axis body bottom fixed connection is in the actuating lever top for control scrapes the material of moving rod rotation.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the top plate top corresponds the position with the feeder hopper and has set firmly the cloth auger, and the discharge gate has been seted up to the corresponding position that cloth auger bottom side is located the feeder hopper, cloth auger one end intercommunication has the material loading auger, material loading auger front end top intercommunication has the charging hopper.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
A method for continuously countercurrent extracting astragaloside IV specifically comprises the following steps:
S1, feeding, namely placing the astragalus to be extracted into a feeding tank, feeding the astragalus into a top material distribution auger upwards through the work of the material distribution auger, and sequentially feeding the astragalus into a plurality of feed hoppers through a bottom discharge hole after the material distribution auger transversely conveys materials;
S2, carrying out primary extraction, wherein after the astragalus root enters a countercurrent extraction kettle through a feed hopper, a solvent pump at one side is sent into the countercurrent extraction kettle at the initial stage of the process through a solvent in the countercurrent extraction kettle, the solvent generates steam to move upwards under the heating effect of a jacket of the countercurrent extraction kettle, meanwhile, a cloth driving motor works and drives an output shaft to rotate so as to drive a transmission shaft to rotate, the transmission shaft rotates so as to drive a transmission worm at one side to rotate, the transmission worm rotates so as to drive a transmission worm wheel to rotate, the transmission worm wheel rotates so as to drive a bottom driving rod to rotate, the driving rod rotates so as to drive a scraping rod connected with the outside to rotate, the scraping rod rotates so as to scrape the astragalus root stored at the top of a material distribution disc, the astragalus root can fall into the material distribution disc at the bottom side after being scraped to the top of a filtering and the steam can be heated and moved upwards so as to extract astragaloside IV through contact exchange with the astragalus root discharged material;
s3, extracting and condensing, namely, after the steam moves to the top of the countercurrent extraction kettle, sending the steam into the countercurrent extraction kettle at the other side through a continuous feeding pipe at one side, and after the steam exchanges with the astragalus root again in the countercurrent extraction kettle with the extraction temperature increased, realizing continuous extraction, and sending a steam solvent after continuous extraction into a feeding pipe at one side after condensing through a subsequent pipeline, so as to finish continuous extraction of astragaloside;
S4, discharging waste residues, namely after the astragalus roots in the countercurrent extraction kettle are fully extracted, enabling the astragalus roots to enter a bottom layer collecting hopper under the continuous scraping action of a scraping rod, enabling a reciprocating thread at the bottom end to drive a screw rod seat to continuously reciprocate under the action of the thread of the screw rod seat when a driving rod rotates, enabling the screw rod seat to drive a pressing plate to move, fully extruding the astragalus root residues falling into a base hopper to remove internal residual solvents, and after the astragalus root residues are fully extruded, discharging the residues in the base hopper by opening a discharging cover plate on one side to be pumped and discharged, so that the discharging of the astragalus root residues is completed.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. According to the invention, after the astragalus root enters the countercurrent extraction kettle through the feed hopper, steam is generated to move upwards under the jacket heating effect of the countercurrent extraction kettle, the working output shaft of the cloth driving motor rotates to drive the transmission shaft to rotate to drive the transmission worm to rotate and the transmission worm gear to rotate, the transmission worm gear rotates to drive the bottom driving rod and the scraping rod to rotate, the scraping rod rotates to scrape the astragalus root accumulated at the top of the material distribution disk, the astragalus root can fall into the bottom material distribution disk after being scraped to the top of the filtering material screen, the heating and upward moving steam can exchange and extract astragaloside with the blanked astragalus root, the sufficient dispersion of materials is realized through the cooperation of the scraping rod and the material distribution disk, the countercurrent extraction effect of the astragalus root stored in the material distribution disk is improved under the interception effect of the material distribution screen and the material distribution disk, on one hand, the effect of material accumulation affecting the countercurrent extraction effect is effectively avoided, on the other hand, the rapid and continuous extraction of astragaloside is realized through a plurality of groups of countercurrent extraction kettles, and the extraction efficiency is effectively improved.
2. In the invention, after the astragalus root in the countercurrent extraction kettle is fully extracted, the astragalus root enters the bottom layer collecting hopper under the continuous scraping action of the scraping rod, when the driving rod rotates, the reciprocating thread at the bottom end can drive the screw rod seat to continuously reciprocate under the action of the thread of the screw rod seat, the screw rod seat drives the pressing plate to move, the astragalus root slag falling into the base hopper can be fully extruded to remove the internal residual solvent, and after the astragalus root slag is fully extruded, the base hopper can be rapidly discharged by opening the discharging cover plate at one side, so that the influence of the accumulation of the astragalus root slag in the countercurrent extraction kettle on the extraction effect can be effectively avoided.
3. According to the invention, through the designed feeding auger and the distribution auger, sequential feeding and distribution of the fed astragalus to a plurality of groups of countercurrent extraction kettles can be realized, the extraction efficiency can be effectively improved through the countercurrent extraction kettles arranged in a plurality of groups, meanwhile, through transverse feeding of the distribution auger, the fed astragalus can be fully received by the feed hopper, and the sufficient feeding of the astragalus in the countercurrent extraction kettle is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a continuous countercurrent extraction device for astragaloside IV;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an explosive resolution structure of a device for continuously countercurrent extracting astragaloside IV;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the explosive splitting structure of a countercurrent extraction kettle of the device for continuously countercurrent extracting astragaloside IV;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a countercurrent extraction kettle of a device for continuously countercurrent extracting astragaloside IV according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the transverse structure of a device for continuously and counter-currently extracting astragaloside IV;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the semi-sectional structure of a continuous countercurrent extraction device for astragaloside IV;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged schematic view of the part A of the device for continuously countercurrent extracting astragaloside IV according to the present invention;
fig. 8 is an enlarged schematic diagram of a part B of a device for continuously countercurrent extracting astragaloside according to the present invention.
Legend description:
1. a fixing frame; 2. feeding auger; 3. a cloth driving mechanism; 301. a cloth driving motor; 302. a transmission shaft; 303. a drive worm; 304. a drive worm wheel; 4. a countercurrent extraction kettle; 5. a material distributing mechanism; 501. a material distributing disc; 502. a material passing screen; 503. a scraping rod; 504. a driving rod; 6. a discharging mechanism; 601. pressing the plate; 602. a screw rod seat; 603. a telescopic rod; 604. a collecting hopper; 605. a discharge chute; 606. a kettle base; 7. a feed tank; 8. a cloth auger; 9. a solvent pump; 10. a top plate; 11. a feed hopper; 12. a discharging cover plate; 13. a charging bucket; 14. and (3) a continuous feeding pipe.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1-8, the present invention provides a technical solution: the device for continuously countercurrent extracting astragaloside comprises a fixing frame 1, a top plate 10 is fixedly arranged at the top of the fixing frame 1, a plurality of countercurrent extracting kettles 4 for continuous extraction are fixedly arranged at the top of the fixing frame 1, the ends of two adjacent sides of the countercurrent extracting kettles 4 are communicated through a continuous feeding pipe 14, a distributing mechanism 5 for dispersing input materials is fixedly arranged in an inner cavity of the countercurrent extracting kettles 4, a distributing driving mechanism 3 is fixedly arranged between the tops of the distributing mechanisms 5, the distributing driving mechanism 3 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the top plate 10, a discharging mechanism 6 for deslagging is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the distributing driving mechanism 3, the discharging mechanism 6 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity of the countercurrent extracting kettles 4, a solvent pump 9 is fixedly arranged on one side of the countercurrent extracting kettles 4 positioned at the initial stage of the process, and one end of the countercurrent extracting kettles 4 positioned at the final stage of the process is communicated with a storage bucket 13;
The feed divider 5 includes a plurality of vertical arrangement's feed divider 501, feed divider 501 fixed connection is in countercurrent extraction cauldron 4 inner chamber one side, and a plurality of feed divider 501 inner chamber rotation is connected with actuating lever 504, a plurality of logical grooves have been seted up around the equidistance in feed divider 501 top, and pass through inslot fixedly connected with and pass through material screen cloth 502, a plurality of weeping holes have been seted up at material screen cloth 502 top, feed divider 501 top is connected with through the bearing rotation and scrapes movable rod 503, scrape movable rod 503 bottom and feed divider 501 top laminating mutually, scrape movable rod 503 rotation and connect in the actuating lever 504 outside, actuating lever 504 top and cloth actuating motor 301 bottom fixed connection, the actuating lever 504 bottom rotates with discharge mechanism 6 to be connected, the cross section shape of passing material screen cloth 502 is the arc, and passes material screen cloth 502 is the stainless steel screen cloth.
The implementation mode specifically comprises the following steps: the cloth driving motor 301 works the output shaft to rotate and drives the transmission shaft 302 to rotate, the transmission shaft 302 rotates and drives one side of the transmission worm 303 to rotate, the transmission worm 303 rotates and drives the transmission worm wheel 304 to rotate, the transmission worm wheel 304 rotates and drives the bottom driving rod 504 to rotate, the driving rod 504 rotates and can drive the scraping rod 503 of external connection to rotate, the scraping rod 503 rotates and can scrape the astragalus root accumulated at the top of the material distributing disc 501, the astragalus root can fall into the bottom side material distributing disc 501 after being scraped to the top of the filtering material passing screen 502, the material passing screen 502 can partially block the astragalus root, and when the driving rod 504 rotates, the scraping rod 503 can scrape the astragalus root to stop in a stage mode after the astragalus root is fed, the stay time after the astragalus root is fed is prolonged, the stay requirement of extraction processing is met, and the follow-up discharging is not influenced.
Referring to fig. 2-3, the discharging mechanism 6 includes a pressing plate 601, a screw rod seat 602 is embedded at the top of the pressing plate 601, a reciprocating thread groove threaded connection is formed between an inner cavity of the screw rod seat 602 and an outer side wall of a bottom end of a driving rod 504, the screw rod seat 602 is used for driving the screw rod seat 602 to reciprocate to control the pressing plate 601 to press slag, an outer side wall of the pressing plate 601 is slidably connected with a collecting hopper 604, the collecting hopper 604 is fixedly installed at the bottom side of the inner cavity of the countercurrent extraction kettle 4, a kettle base 606 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the countercurrent extraction kettle 4, a discharging groove 605 is formed at the bottom of the collecting hopper 604, the cross section of the discharging groove 605 is rectangular, the width of the inner cavity of the discharging groove 605 is equal to the width of the pressing plate 601, an opening is formed at one side of the discharging groove 605, a discharging cover plate 12 is formed at the opening position of one side of the outer wall of the countercurrent extraction kettle 4, the discharging cover plate 12 is rotatably connected with the corresponding position of the discharging opening through a hinge, telescopic rod 603 is fixedly connected with two sides of the top of the pressing plate 601, and the telescopic rod 603 is fixedly connected in the frame of one side of the inner cavity of the countercurrent extraction kettle 4.
The implementation mode specifically comprises the following steps: through the reciprocal screw thread of design for actuating lever 504 external screw thread connection's lead screw seat 602 can carry out reciprocating motion when actuating lever 504 changes, thereby can make lead screw seat 602 drive the pressfitting board 601 that the bottom is connected and carry out reciprocating motion, guarantee the pressfitting treatment effect of pressfitting board 601, effectively avoid the residual of solvent in the waste residue, and discharge groove 605 one side opening can conveniently be with the discharge of waste residue material, improve the treatment effect, and the telescopic link 603 at pressfitting board 601 top can guarantee the stability that pressfitting board 601 removed, avoid lead screw seat 602 to take place to rotate because the frictional force when actuating lever 504 outside removes, improve the stability that pressfitting board 601 removed the pressfitting, and guarantee the abundant blanking of waste residue through the conical blanking district in top in the discharge groove 605 and handle.
Referring to fig. 1-2 and 7-8, the top of the countercurrent extraction kettle 4 is communicated with a feed hopper 11 through a pipeline, a plurality of feed hoppers 11 are embedded in the bottom of the top plate 10, the pipeline at the top of the countercurrent extraction kettle 4 is communicated with a sealing plate, the sealing plate is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the inner cavity of the countercurrent extraction kettle 4, the cloth driving mechanism 3 comprises a cloth driving motor 301, the cloth driving motor 301 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the top plate 10, an output shaft of the cloth driving motor 301 is fixedly connected with a transmission shaft 302, the tail end of the transmission shaft 302 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the top plate 10 through a rotating shaft and a bearing seat, a plurality of transmission worms 303 are fixedly arranged on the outer side wall of the transmission rod, one side of the transmission worm 303 is meshed with a transmission worm gear 304, the bottom of the transmission worm gear 304 is fixedly connected with a shaft body, the bottom of the shaft body is fixedly connected to the top of the driving rod 504 for controlling the scraping rod 503 to rotate, the cloth driving mechanism 3 comprises a cloth driving motor 301, the cloth driving motor 301 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the top plate 10, the output shaft 302 is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft 302, the tail end of the transmission shaft 302 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the top plate 10 through the rotating shaft 304, and the transmission shaft 303 is fixedly connected to the transmission worm 303, one side of the transmission worm is fixedly meshed with the transmission worm 503, and the transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the bottom of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the top of the transmission shaft.
The implementation mode specifically comprises the following steps: the driving motor can drive the multiple groups of transmission worm gears 304 through the cooperation of the single transmission shaft 302 and the transmission worm 303, so that the driving control in the multiple countercurrent extraction kettles 4 is favorably controlled, the transmission shaft 302 rotates more stably through the rotating shaft and the bearing seat, the shaking deviation of the transmission worm can be avoided, and the treatment effect is improved.
Working principle: when in use, the method for continuously countercurrent extracting the astragaloside IV comprises the following steps:
S1, feeding, namely placing the astragalus to be extracted into a feeding tank 7, feeding the astragalus into a top material distribution auger 8 upwards through the work of a feeding auger 2, and feeding the material distribution auger 8 into a plurality of feed hoppers 11 sequentially through a bottom discharge hole after transversely conveying the material;
S2, primary extraction, after astragalus enters the countercurrent extraction kettle 4 through the feed hopper 11, a solvent pump 9 at one side is fed into the countercurrent extraction kettle 4 at the initial stage of the process through the solvent in the countercurrent extraction kettle 4, the solvent generates steam to move upwards under the jacket heating effect of the countercurrent extraction kettle 4, meanwhile, a cloth driving motor 301 works and drives a transmission shaft 302 to rotate, the transmission shaft 302 rotates to drive a side transmission worm 303 to rotate, the transmission worm 303 rotates to drive a transmission worm wheel 304 to rotate, the transmission worm wheel 304 rotates to drive a bottom driving rod 504 to rotate, the driving rod 504 rotates to drive a scraping rod 503 connected with the outside to rotate, the scraping rod 503 rotates to scrape the astragalus which is accumulated at the top of a material distributing disc 501, the astragalus can fall into the material distributing disc 501 at the bottom after being scraped to the top of a filtering material screen 502, and the heating upwards moving steam can exchange and extract astragaloside IV through contact with the blanked astragalus;
S3, extracting and condensing, namely, after steam moves to the top of the countercurrent extraction kettle 4, the steam can be sent into the countercurrent extraction kettle 4 at the other side through the continuous feed pipe 14 at one side, and after the steam exchanges with the astragalus root again in the countercurrent extraction kettle 4 with the extraction temperature increased, continuous extraction is realized, and after the continuous extraction, the steam solvent is sent into the feed pipe at one side after being condensed through a subsequent pipeline, so that continuous extraction of astragaloside is completed;
S4, discharging waste residues, wherein after the astragalus membranaceus is fully extracted in the countercurrent extraction kettle 4, the astragalus membranaceus enters the bottom layer collecting hopper 604 under the continuous scraping action of the scraping rod 503, when the driving rod 504 rotates, the reciprocating thread at the bottom end can drive the screw rod seat 602 to continuously reciprocate under the action of the thread of the screw rod seat 602, the screw rod seat 602 drives the pressing plate 601 to move, the astragalus membranaceus residues falling into the base hopper can be fully extruded to remove the internal residual solvent, and after the astragalus membranaceus residues are fully extruded, the astragalus membranaceus residues in the base hopper can be discharged through pumping by opening the one-side discharging cover plate 12, so that the discharging of the astragalus membranaceus residues is completed.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The device for continuously and counter-currently extracting astragaloside comprises a fixing frame (1), wherein a top plate (10) is fixedly arranged at the top of the fixing frame (1), a plurality of counter-currently extracting kettles (4) for continuous extraction are fixedly arranged at the top of the fixing frame (1), two ends of adjacent sides of the counter-currently extracting kettles (4) are communicated through a continuous feeding pipe (14), a distributing mechanism (5) for dispersing input materials is fixedly arranged in an inner cavity of the counter-currently extracting kettles (4), a cloth driving mechanism (3) is fixedly arranged between the tops of the distributing mechanisms (5), the cloth driving mechanism (3) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the top plate (10), a discharging mechanism (6) for deslagging is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the cloth driving mechanism (3), the discharging mechanism (6) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity of the counter-currently extracting kettles (4), a solvent pump (9) is fixedly arranged at one side of the counter-currently extracting kettles (4) positioned at the initial stage of a process, and one end of the counter-currently extracting kettles (4) positioned at the final stage of the process is communicated with a storage tank (13);
The material distributing mechanism (5) comprises a plurality of vertically arranged material distributing discs (501), the material distributing discs (501) are fixedly connected to one side of an inner cavity of the countercurrent extraction kettle (4), the inner cavities of the material distributing discs (501) are rotationally connected with driving rods (504), a plurality of through grooves are formed in the tops of the material distributing discs (501) in a surrounding mode at equal intervals, material passing screens (502) are fixedly connected in the through grooves, a plurality of material leakage holes are formed in the tops of the material passing screens (502), scraping rods (503) are rotationally connected to the tops of the material distributing discs (501) through bearings, the bottoms of the scraping rods (503) are attached to the tops of the material distributing discs (501), the scraping rods (503) are rotationally connected to the outer portion of the driving rods (504), the tops of the driving rods (504) are fixedly connected with the bottoms of the material distributing driving motors (301), and the bottoms of the driving rods (504) are rotationally connected with the discharging mechanisms (6).
The discharging mechanism (6) comprises a pressing plate (601), a screw rod seat (602) is embedded at the top of the pressing plate (601), an inner cavity of the screw rod seat (602) is in threaded connection with a reciprocating thread groove formed in the outer side wall of the bottom end of a driving rod (504) and is used for driving the screw rod seat (602) to reciprocate to control the pressing plate (601) to press slag, a collecting hopper (604) is slidably connected with the outer side wall of the pressing plate (601), the collecting hopper (604) is fixedly arranged at the bottom side of the inner cavity of the countercurrent extraction kettle (4), and a kettle base (606) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity of the countercurrent extraction kettle (4);
a discharge groove (605) is formed in the bottom of the collecting hopper (604), the cross section of the discharge groove (605) is rectangular, the width of the inner cavity of the discharge groove (605) is equal to that of the pressing plate (601), an opening is formed in one side of the discharge groove (605), a discharge hole is formed in the outer wall of the countercurrent extraction kettle (4) and the position of the opening in one side of the discharge groove (605), and a discharge cover plate (12) is connected to the corresponding position of the outer wall of the countercurrent extraction kettle (4) and the discharge hole through a hinge in a rotating mode;
the two sides of the top of the pressing plate (601) are fixedly connected with telescopic rods (603), and the top ends of the telescopic rods (603) are fixedly connected in a frame at one side of an inner cavity of the countercurrent extraction kettle (4);
the cloth driving mechanism (3) comprises a cloth driving motor (301), the cloth driving motor (301) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the top plate (10), an output shaft of the cloth driving motor (301) is fixedly connected with a transmission shaft (302), the tail end of the transmission shaft (302) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the top plate (10) through a rotating shaft and a bearing seat, a plurality of transmission worms (303) are fixedly arranged on the outer side wall of the transmission rod, one side of the transmission worm (303) is meshed with a transmission worm wheel (304), the bottom of the transmission worm wheel (304) is fixedly connected with a shaft body, and the bottom of the shaft body is fixedly connected to the top of the driving rod (504) and used for controlling the scraping rod (503) to rotate to scrape materials;
One side of the solvent pump (9) is sent into the countercurrent extraction kettle (4) at the initial stage of the process through the solvent in the extraction solvent kettle, and the solvent moves upwards under the heating effect of the jacket of the countercurrent extraction kettle (4).
2. The apparatus for continuous countercurrent extraction of astragaloside IV according to claim 1, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the passing screen (502) is arc-shaped, and the passing screen (502) is a stainless steel screen.
3. The device for continuously and countercurrent extracting astragaloside IV according to claim 1, wherein the top of the countercurrent extracting kettle (4) is communicated with a feed hopper (11) through a pipeline, the feed hoppers (11) are embedded at the bottom of the top plate (10), the pipeline at the top of the countercurrent extracting kettle (4) is communicated with a sealing plate, and the sealing plate is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the inner cavity of the countercurrent extracting kettle (4).
4. The device for continuously and counter-currently extracting astragaloside IV according to claim 1, wherein a material distribution auger (8) is fixedly arranged at the corresponding position of the top plate (10) and the feeding hopper (11), a material outlet is formed in the corresponding position of the bottom side of the material distribution auger (8) on the feeding hopper (11), one end of the material distribution auger (8) is communicated with a material feeding auger (2), and the top of the front end of the material feeding auger (2) is communicated with a material feeding groove (7).
5. A method for continuously and counter-currently extracting astragaloside IV, which is characterized by being applied to the device for continuously and counter-currently extracting astragaloside IV according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and specifically comprising the following steps:
S1, feeding, namely placing the astragalus to be extracted into a feeding tank (7), feeding the astragalus into a top material distribution auger (8) upwards through the work of a feeding auger (2), and feeding the material distribution auger (8) into a plurality of feed hoppers (11) through a bottom discharge hole after transversely conveying the materials;
S2, primary extraction, after the astragalus root enters the countercurrent extraction kettle (4) through the feed hopper (11), a side solvent pump (9) sends solvent in the countercurrent extraction kettle (4) at the initial stage of the process through the solvent in the countercurrent extraction kettle, the solvent generates steam to move upwards under the heating effect of a jacket of the countercurrent extraction kettle (4), meanwhile, a cloth driving motor (301) works and drives a transmission shaft (302) to rotate, the transmission shaft (302) rotates to drive a side transmission worm (303) to rotate, the transmission worm (303) rotates to drive a transmission worm wheel (304) to rotate, the transmission worm wheel (304) rotates to drive a bottom driving rod (504) to rotate, the driving rod (504) rotates to drive a scraping rod (503) connected with the outside to rotate, the scraping rod (503) can scrape the astragalus root accumulated at the top of a material distributing disc (501) in a scraping manner, the astragalus root can fall into a material distributing disc (501) at the bottom after being scraped to the top of a filtering material screen (502), and the heating upwards moving steam can exchange and extract the astragaloside by contacting with the astragalus root of the blanking;
S3, extracting and condensing, namely, after steam moves to the top of the countercurrent extraction kettle (4), the steam can be sent into the countercurrent extraction kettle (4) at the other side through a continuous feed pipe (14) at one side, and after the steam exchanges with astragalus root again in the countercurrent extraction kettle (4) with the extraction temperature increased, continuous extraction is realized, and after the continuous extraction, a steam solvent is sent into a feed pipe at one side after being condensed through a subsequent pipeline, and continuous extraction of astragaloside is completed;
S4, discharging waste residues, wherein after the astragalus membranaceus is fully extracted in the countercurrent extraction kettle (4), the astragalus membranaceus enters the bottom layer collecting hopper (604) under the continuous scraping action of the scraping rod (503), when the driving rod (504) rotates, the reciprocating thread at the bottom end can drive the screw rod seat (602) to continuously reciprocate under the action of the thread of the screw rod seat (602), the screw rod seat (602) drives the pressing plate (601) to move, the astragalus membranaceus residues falling into the base hopper can be fully extruded to remove internal residual solvents, and after the astragalus membranaceus residues are fully extruded, the astragalus membranaceus residues in the base hopper can be discharged through the pumping by opening one side of the discharging cover plate (12), so that the discharging of the astragalus membranaceus residues is completed.
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