CN114959245A - Process method for improving surface hardness and wear resistance of G13Cr4Mo4Ni4V steel by using laser impact - Google Patents
Process method for improving surface hardness and wear resistance of G13Cr4Mo4Ni4V steel by using laser impact Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 78
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 11
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- 241001270131 Agaricus moelleri Species 0.000 claims 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D10/00—Modifying the physical properties by methods other than heat treatment or deformation
- C21D10/005—Modifying the physical properties by methods other than heat treatment or deformation by laser shock processing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
- C21D1/773—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material under reduced pressure or vacuum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/04—Hardening by cooling below 0 degrees Celsius
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of laser processing, and particularly relates to a process method for improving the surface hardness and the wear resistance of G13Cr4Mo4Ni4V steel by using laser impact. Adopting pulse laser with different laser power densities to impact the surface of G13Cr4Mo4Ni4V steel; measuring the surface hardness of G13Cr4Mo4Ni4V steel before and after impact by using an HV1000A microhardness meter; the influence of laser impact on the frictional wear performance of G13Cr4Mo4Ni4V steel was verified by a reciprocating frictional wear tester. The results show that: the G13Cr4Mo4Ni4V steel sample subjected to laser impact has the surface hardness improved by about 25HV, the wear resistance is remarkably strengthened, and the wear loss of the sample subjected to impact with the optimal parameters is reduced by 94.47%. The optimal technological parameters of the G13Cr4MoNi4V steel impacted by the laser are obtained, and the surface hardness and the wear resistance of the sample impacted by the parameters are greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of laser shock strengthening, and particularly relates to a process method for improving the surface hardness and the wear resistance of G13Cr4Mo4Ni4V steel by using laser shock.
Background
It is known that the performance of bearing materials is an important factor for determining the quality of bearings, and 8Cr4Mo4V steel has high strength and high temperature resistance, but has poor fracture toughness and is prone to fatigue cracking. In turn, hard-outer and tough-inner G13Cr4Mo4Ni4V carburized bearing steel was developed, but because carbide particles in the carburized layer are fine in size, the surface hardness is lower than that of 8Cr4Mo4V steel, and the wear resistance is slightly poor. The laser shock strengthening technology is a new surface strengthening technology, the surface layer material is subjected to plastic deformation by the mechanical effect of the laser shock strengthening technology, and the laser shock strengthening technology introduces the work hardening effect, and is suitable for improving the surface hardness and the wear resistance of the G13Cr4Mo4Ni4V carburizing bearing steel.
In recent years, the laser shock peening technology is developed rapidly, the technology not only can enable the surface layer of the metal material to generate favorable residual compressive stress, but also can enable the crystal grains of the surface layer of the metal material to be refined to generate a large number of microstructure structures such as dislocation, twin crystal and the like, so that the fatigue strength and the wear resistance of the surface layer of the material are effectively improved, and meanwhile, the laser shock peening technology has the characteristics of non-contact, convenience in operation, strong controllability, wide application range and the like, so that the laser shock peening technology has a good application prospect in the field of rolling bearings.
As a second generation aviation bearing steel, G13Cr4Mo4Ni4V is widely used in the manufacture of aviation bearings, and because the surface hardness and wear resistance thereof need to be further improved, and in view of the superiority of the laser shock peening technology, it is important to select a laser shock peening method for improving the surface hardness and wear resistance of G13Cr4Mo4Ni4V steel.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a process for improving the surface hardness and wear resistance of G13Cr4Mo4Ni4V steel by laser shock, so as to solve the problems of insufficient surface hardness and wear resistance of the conventional G13Cr4Mo4Ni4V steel bearing ring.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a process method for improving the surface hardness and the wear resistance of G13Cr4Mo4Ni4V steel by using laser impact comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: carrying out a heat treatment process on the sample;
step two: polishing the 10 × 10 × 10 block sample subjected to the heat treatment process (vacuum gas quenching and tempering) in the step one until the roughness is consistent;
step three: pasting a black absorption layer on the sample;
step four: clamping a test sample on a special test fixture, and performing laser shock peening treatment;
step five: measuring the surface hardness and the wear resistance of the sample subjected to the laser shock peening treatment;
step six: measuring the wear resistance of the sample subjected to laser shock peening treatment;
further, in the first step, the quenching temperature in the heat treatment process is 1070-. Carrying out primary cold treatment before each tempering, wherein the cold treatment temperature is-75 ℃ to-65 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 2-3 h; vacuum degree before vacuum gas quenching and heating is lower than 5 multiplied by 10 -2 Pa。
Further, in the third step, the absorption layer is any one of 2100FRTV black adhesive tape, black paint or aluminum foil, and the absorption layer is required to be tightly attached to a workpiece, and has no bubbles, impurities and the like.
Further, in the fourth step, 1.974GW/cm is used 2 -3.333GW/cm 2 The laser power density of the water film is 1-2mm to impact the surface of the sample in a large area.
Furthermore, in the fourth step, the energy distribution of the laser adopts flat top distribution, the light spot is a square light spot with the size of 4mm multiplied by 4mm, and the light spot adopts the lap joint rate of 50% -75%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and beneficial effects.
1. The invention uses 1.974GW/cm through 50% -75% overlap joint 2 -3.333GW/cm 2 The laser power density is used for impacting, so that the large-area laser impact effect is more uniform, the impact effect is obviously enhanced by the method, and the surface hardness and the wear resistance of the G13Cr4Mo4Ni4V bearing steel are obviously improved.
2. The invention increases the absorption utilization rate of laser energy by closely sticking the black absorption protective layer.
3. The invention uses 1.974GW/cm 2 -3.333GW/cm 2 The laser power density of the laser beam impacts the surface of the sample in a large area, so that the hardness and the wear resistance of the surface of the sample are increased, the ablation phenomenon is avoided, the thickness of the water film is 1-2mm, the explosion shock wave is restrained, and the peak pressure and the duration time of the shock wave in the target direction are increased.
4. The invention adopts laser energy beams distributed on a flat top and 50-75% of lap joint rate to impact the surface of a sample, so that the hardness and the wear resistance of the surface of the sample are uniformly increased.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the impingement path of the process of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a graph of the 50% overlap ratio of the process of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph of the surface hardness of examples 1-4 of the process of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph of the post-impact wear resistance of examples 1-4 of the process of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a graph of comparative examples 1-2 surface hardness results for the process of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a graph of the wear resistance after impact for comparative examples 1-2 in the process of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a graph of the wear resistance after impact for comparative examples 3-4 in the process of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
A process method for improving the surface hardness and the wear resistance of G13Cr4Mo4Ni4V steel by using laser impact comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing 15 samples of 10mm multiplied by 10mm to carry out a heat treatment process, wherein the quenching temperature in the heat treatment process is 1070-1090 ℃, the heat preservation time is 30-35 min, the temperature of the third tempering treatment is 540-560 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1.5-3.5 h. Carrying out primary cold treatment before each tempering, wherein the cold treatment temperature is-75 ℃ to-65 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 2-3 h; vacuum degree before vacuum gas quenching and heating is lower than 5 multiplied by 10 -2 Pa。
Step two: and (3) grinding the 10mm × 10mm × 10mm block-shaped test sample 15 blocks subjected to the heat treatment process in the step one by using 240, 600, 1000 and 2000-mesh sand paper until the roughness is consistent, wherein the test samples are respectively numbered A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, B2, C1, C2, C3, D1, D2, D3, E1, E2 and E3, and the test samples are divided into five groups A, B, C, D, E.
Step three: B. c, D, E black absorbing layers are respectively adhered, the absorbing layer is 2100FRTV black adhesive tape or black paint or aluminum foil (absorbing energy and preventing laser from ablating the surface of the workpiece), and the adhering absorbing layer is required to be tightly adhered to the workpiece without bubbles, impurities and the like.
Step four: clamping B, C, D, E groups of samples on a special test fixture, setting laser parameters, and respectively using 1.974GW/cm 2 -3.333GW/cm 2 The laser power density of the laser is used for impacting a sample in a large area, the lapping rate is 50% -75%, the energy distribution of a laser adopts flat top distribution, the thickness of a water film is 1-2mm, and the impact path is shown in figure 1.
Step five: moving the mechanical arm to a clamping position, taking down the workpiece, removing the absorption layer, micro-polishing for 5-10 mu m, then placing the ferrule in the ultrasonic cleaner again, cleaning for 5-10min, taking out and drying. And testing the surface hardness of the non-impacted sample and the sample after impact of different parameters, recording the hardness value, and comparing the surface hardness change of the sample after laser impact.
Step six: the samples were weighed 5-10 times before the frictional wear test, the initial weight was recorded (four significant digits were retained), then mounted onto a reciprocating frictional wear tester fixture, and the vertical test force was set: 1kN, reciprocating times: 3600 times, time: 3600s, frequency: 1Hz, amplitude: 5mm, adopting the special oil lubrication of the aviation bearing, ultrasonically cleaning again after the friction wear test is finished, blow-drying, weighing again, and recording the experimental data.
Example 1.
The method comprises the following steps: preparing 6 samples of 10mm multiplied by 10mm to carry out a heat treatment process, wherein the quenching temperature in the heat treatment process is 1090 ℃, the heat preservation time is 35min, the temperature of the three-time tempering treatment is 540 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2 h. Before each tempering, primary cold treatment is needed, the cold treatment temperature is-75 ℃, and the heat preservation is carried out for 2.5 hours. Vacuum degree before vacuum gas quenching and heating is 5 multiplied by 10 -2 Pa。
Step two: and (3) polishing the 10mm × 10mm × 10mm block-shaped test sample subjected to the heat treatment process (vacuum gas quenching and tempering) in the step one by adopting 240, 600, 1000 and 2000-mesh sand paper until the roughness is consistent, wherein the test sample is respectively numbered as A1, A2, A3, B1, B2 and B2.
Step three: the group A is not subjected to laser shock process treatment, the group B is pasted with a black absorption layer, the absorption layer adopts 2100FRTV type black adhesive tape (the function of absorbing energy and preventing laser from ablating the surface of a workpiece), and the pasting of the absorption layer requires close fitting of the workpiece, no bubble, no impurity and the like.
Step four: clamping the group B samples in the step three on a special test fixture, setting laser parameters, adjusting the thickness of the water film to be 2mm, and using 1.974GW/cm 2 Laser power density of (a) to impact a sample over a large area, the spot overlap ratio was 50% (impacting 9 spots on one face) of the impact path, as shown in figure 1, 50% overlap ratio, as shown in figure 2.
Step five: moving the mechanical arm to a clamping position, taking down the workpiece, removing the absorption layer, micro-polishing for 10 mu m, putting the ferrule in the ultrasonic cleaner again, cleaning for 10min, taking out and drying. Testing the surface hardness of the non-impact test sample and the test samples after impact with different parameters, recording the hardness value, and comparing the surface hardness change of the test samples after laser impact, wherein the hardness of the non-impact test sample is 728.18HV, 1.974GW/cm 2 The surface hardness of the test piece after impact with the laser power density of (2) was 730.88HV, as shown in FIG. 3.
Step six: and (4) clamping and weighing the sample obtained in the fifth step for 10 times by using a pair of tweezers, recording the initial weight (keeping four effective digits), then installing the sample on a reciprocating friction and wear tester clamp, and setting a vertical test force: 1kN, reciprocating times: 3600 times, time: 3600s, frequency: 1Hz, amplitude: 5mm, adopting special oil lubrication for aviation bearings, ultrasonically cleaning again after the friction wear test is finished, blow-drying, weighing again, and recording experimental data, wherein the abrasion loss of the un-impacted sample is 0.00595g, and the abrasion loss is 1.974GW/cm 2 The laser power density of (2) was 0.00133g for the abrasion loss of the large area impact specimen, as shown in FIG. 4.
Example 2.
The method comprises the following steps: preparing 6 samples of 10mm multiplied by 10mm to carry out a heat treatment process, wherein the quenching temperature in the heat treatment process is 1090 ℃, the heat preservation time is 35min, the temperature of the three-time tempering treatment is 540 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2 h. Before each tempering, primary cold treatment is needed, the cold treatment temperature is-75 ℃, and the heat preservation is carried out for 2.5 hours. Vacuum degree before vacuum gas quenching and heating is 5 multiplied by 10 -2 Pa。
Step two: and (3) polishing the 10mm × 10mm × 10mm block-shaped test sample subjected to the heat treatment process (vacuum gas quenching and tempering) in the step one by adopting 240, 600, 1000 and 2000-mesh sand paper until the roughness is consistent, wherein the test sample is respectively numbered as A1, A2, A3, C1, C2 and C3.
Step three: the group A is not subjected to laser shock process treatment, the group C is respectively pasted with black absorbing layers, the absorbing layers adopt 2100FRTV type black adhesive tapes (the functions of absorbing energy and preventing laser from ablating the surface of a workpiece), and the pasting of the absorbing layers requires close fitting of the workpiece, no bubbles, no impurities and the like.
Step four: clamping the group C samples in the step II on a special test fixture, setting laser parameters, adjusting the thickness of the water film to be 2mm, and respectively using 2.5GW/cm 2 Laser power density of (a) to impact a sample over a large area, the spot overlap ratio was 50% (impacting 9 spots on one face) of the impact path, as shown in figure 1, 50% overlap ratio, as shown in figure 2.
Step five: moving the mechanical arm to a clamping position, taking down the workpiece, removing the absorption layer, micro-polishing for 10 mu m, putting the ferrule in the ultrasonic cleaner again, cleaning for 10min, taking out and drying. The surface hardness of the non-impact sample and the sample after impact with different parameters are tested, the hardness value is recorded, and the surface hardness change of the sample after laser impact is compared, so that the result is 2.5GW/cm 2 The surface hardness of the test piece after impact with the laser power density of (2) was 740.7HV, as shown in FIG. 3.
Step six: the A, C two groups of samples were weighed 10 times with tweezers, and after recording the initial weight (keeping four significant digits), the samples were mounted on a reciprocating friction wear tester fixture, and the vertical test force was set: 1kN, reciprocating times: 3600 times, time: 3600s, frequency: 1Hz, amplitude: 5mm, adopting special oil lubrication for aviation bearings, ultrasonically cleaning again after the friction wear test is finished, blow-drying, weighing again, and recording experimental data, wherein the result is 2.5GW/cm 2 The abrasion loss of the sample after impact with the laser power density of (2) was 0.00021g, as shown in FIG. 4.
Example 3.
The method comprises the following steps: preparing 6 samples of 10mm multiplied by 10mm to carry out a heat treatment process, wherein the quenching temperature in the heat treatment process is 1090 ℃, the heat preservation time is 35min, the temperature of the three-time tempering treatment is 540 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2 h. Before each tempering, primary cold treatment is needed, the cold treatment temperature is-75 ℃, and the heat preservation is carried out for 2.5 hours. Vacuum degree before vacuum gas quenching and heating is 5 multiplied by 10 -2 Pa。
Step two: and (3) polishing the 10mm × 10mm × 10mm block-shaped test sample subjected to the heat treatment process (vacuum gas quenching and tempering) in the step one by adopting 240, 600, 1000 and 2000-mesh sand paper until the roughness is consistent, wherein the test sample is respectively numbered as A1, A2, A3, D1, D2 and D3.
Step three: the group A is not subjected to laser shock process treatment, the group D is respectively pasted with black absorbing layers, the absorbing layers adopt 2100FRTV type black adhesive tapes (the functions of absorbing energy and preventing laser from ablating the surface of a workpiece), and the pasting of the absorbing layers requires close fitting of the workpiece, no air bubbles, no impurities and the like.
Step four: clamping the group D samples in the step on a special test fixture, setting laser parameters, adjusting the thickness of the water film to be 2mm, and respectively using 2.632GW/cm 2 Laser power density of (a) to impact a sample over a large area, the spot overlap ratio was 50% (impacting 9 spots on one face) of the impact path, as shown in figure 1, 50% overlap ratio, as shown in figure 2.
Step five: moving the mechanical arm to a clamping position, taking down the workpiece, removing the absorption layer, micro-polishing for 10 mu m, putting the ferrule in the ultrasonic cleaner again, cleaning for 10min, taking out and drying. The surface hardness of the non-impact sample and the surface hardness of the sample after impact with different parameters are tested, the hardness value is recorded, and the surface hardness change of the sample after laser impact is compared, so that the result is 2.632GW/cm 2 The surface hardness of the test piece after impact is 735.36HV, as shown in figure 3.
Step six: the A, D two groups of samples were weighed 10 times with tweezers, and after recording the initial weight (keeping four significant digits), the samples were mounted on a reciprocating friction wear tester fixture, and the vertical test force was set: 1kN, reciprocating times: 3600 times, time: 3600s, frequency: 1Hz, amplitude: 5mm, adopting special oil lubrication for aviation bearings, ultrasonically cleaning again after the friction wear test is finished, blow-drying, weighing again, and recording experimental data to obtain 2.632GW/cm 2 The abrasion loss of the sample after impact with the laser power density of (2) was 0.00038g, as shown in FIG. 4.
Example 4.
The method comprises the following steps: preparing 6 samples of 10mm multiplied by 10mm to carry out a heat treatment process, wherein the quenching temperature in the heat treatment process is 1090 ℃, the heat preservation time is 35min, the temperature of the three-time tempering treatment is 540 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2 h. Before each temperingPrimary cold treatment is needed, the temperature of the cold treatment is-75 ℃, and the heat is preserved for 2.5 hours. Vacuum degree before vacuum gas quenching and heating is 5 multiplied by 10 -2 Pa。
Step two: and (3) polishing the 10mm × 10mm × 10mm block-shaped test sample subjected to the heat treatment process (vacuum gas quenching and tempering) in the step one by adopting 240, 600, 1000 and 2000-mesh sand paper until the roughness is consistent, wherein the test sample is respectively numbered as A1, A2, A3, E1, E2 and E3.
Step three: the group A is not subjected to laser shock process treatment, the group E is respectively pasted with black absorbing layers, the absorbing layers adopt 2100FRTV type black adhesive tapes (the functions of absorbing energy and preventing laser from ablating the surface of a workpiece), and the pasting of the absorbing layers requires close fitting of the workpiece, no air bubbles, impurities and the like.
Step four: clamping the group E samples in the step II on a special test fixture, setting laser parameters, adjusting the thickness of the water film to be 2mm, and respectively using 3.333GW/cm 2 The laser power density of (a) was used to impact the sample over a large area with a 50% spot overlap (9 spots on one face) impact path, as shown in figure 1, and a 50% overlap, as shown in figure 2.
Step five: moving the mechanical arm to a clamping position, taking down the workpiece, removing the absorption layer, micro-polishing for 10 mu m, putting the ferrule in the ultrasonic cleaner again, cleaning for 10min, taking out and drying. The surface hardness of the non-impact test sample and the test sample after impact of different parameters are tested, the hardness value is recorded, and the surface hardness change of the test sample after impact of laser is compared, so that the result is 2.5GW/cm 2 The surface hardness of the test piece after impact with the laser power density of (2) was 745.18HV, as shown in FIG. 3.
Step six: the A, E two groups of samples were weighed 10 times with tweezers, and after recording the initial weight (keeping four significant digits), the samples were mounted on a reciprocating friction wear tester fixture, and the vertical test force was set: 1kN, reciprocating times: 3600 times, time: 3600s, frequency: 1Hz, amplitude: 5mm, adopting special oil lubrication for aviation bearings, ultrasonically cleaning again after the friction wear test is finished, blow-drying, weighing again, and recording experimental data, wherein the result is 3.333GW/cm 2 The abrasion loss of the sample after impact with the laser power density of (2) was 0.00181g, as shown in FIG. 4.
Comparative example 1.
The method comprises the following steps: preparing 6 samples of 10mm multiplied by 10mm to carry out a heat treatment process, wherein the quenching temperature in the heat treatment process is 1090 ℃, the heat preservation time is 35min, the temperature of the three-time tempering treatment is 540 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2 h. Before each tempering, primary cold treatment is needed, the cold treatment temperature is-75 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2.5 hours. Vacuum degree before vacuum gas quenching and heating is 5 multiplied by 10 -2 Pa。
Step two: and (3) polishing the 10mm × 10mm × 10mm block-shaped test sample subjected to the heat treatment process (vacuum gas quenching and tempering) in the step one by adopting 240, 600, 1000 and 2000-mesh sand paper until the roughness is consistent, wherein the test sample is respectively numbered as A1, A2, A3, B1, B2 and B2.
Step three: the group A does not carry out laser shock process treatment, the group B is pasted with a black absorption layer, the absorption layer adopts 2100FRTV type black adhesive tape (the effects of absorbing energy and preventing laser from ablating the surface of a workpiece), and the pasting of the absorption layer requires close fitting with the workpiece, no bubble, no impurity and the like.
Step four: clamping the group B samples in the step III on a special test fixture, setting laser parameters, adjusting the thickness of the water film to be 2mm, and using 1.1904GW/cm 2 Laser power density of (a) to impact a sample over a large area, the spot overlap ratio was 50% (impacting 9 spots on one face) of the impact path, as shown in figure 1, 50% overlap ratio, as shown in figure 2.
Step five: moving the mechanical arm to a clamping position, taking down the workpiece, removing the absorption layer, micro-polishing for 10 mu m, putting the ferrule in the ultrasonic cleaner again, cleaning for 10min, taking out and drying. Testing the surface hardness of the non-impact test sample and the test samples after impact with different parameters, recording the hardness value, and comparing the surface hardness change of the test samples after laser impact, wherein the hardness of the non-impact test sample is 728.18HV, 1.1904GW/cm 2 The surface hardness of the test piece after impact with the laser power density of (2) was 728.3HV, as shown in FIG. 5.
Step six: and (4) clamping and weighing the sample obtained in the fifth step for 10 times by using tweezers, recording the initial weight (keeping four effective digits), then installing the sample on a reciprocating friction and wear tester clamp, and setting a vertical test force: 1kN, reciprocating times: 3600 times, time: 3600s, frequency: 1Hz, amplitude: 5mm, adopting special oil lubrication for aviation bearing, ultrasonic cleaning again after the friction and wear test is finished,Blow-drying, weighing again and recording experimental data, wherein the abrasion loss of the un-impacted sample is 0.00595g, 1.1904GW/cm 2 The laser power density of (2) was 0.00233g of wear on the large area impact specimen, as shown in FIG. 6.
Comparative example 2.
The method comprises the following steps: preparing 6 samples of 10mm multiplied by 10mm to carry out heat treatment process, wherein the quenching temperature in the heat treatment process is 1090 ℃, the heat preservation time is 35min, the temperature of the third tempering treatment is 540 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2 h. Before each tempering, primary cold treatment is needed, the cold treatment temperature is-75 ℃, and the heat preservation is carried out for 2.5 hours. Vacuum degree before vacuum gas quenching and heating is 5 multiplied by 10 -2 Pa。
Step two: and (3) polishing the 10mm × 10mm × 10mm block-shaped test sample subjected to the heat treatment process (vacuum gas quenching and tempering) in the step one by adopting 240, 600, 1000 and 2000-mesh sand paper until the roughness is consistent, wherein the test sample is respectively numbered as A1, A2, A3, B1, B2 and B2.
Step three: the group A is not subjected to laser shock process treatment, the group B is pasted with a black absorption layer, the absorption layer adopts 2100FRTV type black adhesive tape (the function of absorbing energy and preventing laser from ablating the surface of a workpiece), and the pasting of the absorption layer requires close fitting of the workpiece, no bubble, no impurity and the like.
Step four: clamping the group B samples in the step three on a special test fixture, setting laser parameters, adjusting the thickness of the water film to be 2mm, and using 3.417GW/cm 2 Laser power density of (a) to impact a sample over a large area, the spot overlap ratio was 50% (impacting 9 spots on one face) of the impact path, as shown in figure 1, 50% overlap ratio, as shown in figure 2.
Step five: moving the mechanical arm to a clamping position, taking down the workpiece, removing the absorption layer, micro-polishing for 10 mu m, putting the ferrule in the ultrasonic cleaner again, cleaning for 10min, taking out and drying. Testing the surface hardness of the non-impact test sample and the test samples after impact with different parameters, recording the hardness value, and comparing the surface hardness change of the test samples after laser impact, wherein the hardness of the non-impact test sample is 728.18HV, 3.417GW/cm 2 The surface hardness of the test piece after impact with the laser power density of (2) was 746.9HV, as shown in FIG. 5.
Step six: the sample obtained in step five was weighed 10 times with tweezers and the initial weight was recorded (four retained)Bit significant figure) to reciprocating type friction wear test machine anchor clamps on, set for perpendicular test force: 1kN, reciprocating times: 3600 times, time: 3600s, frequency: 1Hz, amplitude: 5mm, adopting special oil lubrication for aviation bearings, ultrasonically cleaning again after the friction wear test is finished, blow-drying, weighing again, and recording experimental data, wherein the abrasion loss of the un-impacted sample is 0.00595g, and the abrasion loss is 3.417GW/cm 2 The laser power density of (a) was 0.00258g for the abrasion loss of the large area impact specimen, as shown in FIG. 6.
Comparative example 3.
The method comprises the following steps: preparing 6 samples of 10mm multiplied by 10mm to carry out a heat treatment process, wherein the quenching temperature in the heat treatment process is 1090 ℃, the heat preservation time is 35min, the temperature of the three-time tempering treatment is 540 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2 h. Before each tempering, primary cold treatment is needed, the cold treatment temperature is-75 ℃, and the heat preservation is carried out for 2.5 hours. Vacuum degree before vacuum gas quenching and heating is 5 multiplied by 10 -2 Pa。
Step two: and (3) polishing the 10mm × 10mm × 10mm block-shaped test sample subjected to the heat treatment process (vacuum gas quenching and tempering) in the step one by adopting 240, 600, 1000 and 2000-mesh sand paper until the roughness is consistent, wherein the test sample is respectively numbered as A1, A2, A3, B1, B2 and B2.
Step three: the group A does not carry out laser shock process treatment, the group B is pasted with a black absorption layer, the absorption layer adopts 2100FRTV type black adhesive tape (the effects of absorbing energy and preventing laser from ablating the surface of a workpiece), and the pasting of the absorption layer requires close fitting with the workpiece, no bubble, no impurity and the like.
Step four: clamping the group B samples in the step three on a special test fixture, setting laser parameters, adjusting the thickness of the water film to be 2mm, and using 1.974GW/cm 2 Laser power density of (2) to impact a sample over a large area, with a spot overlap of 30% (impacting 9 spots on one face) impact path, as shown in figure 1.
Step five: moving the mechanical arm to a clamping position, taking down the workpiece, removing the absorption layer, micro-polishing for 10 mu m, putting the ferrule in the ultrasonic cleaner again, cleaning for 10min, taking out and drying. Testing the surface hardness of the non-impact test sample and the test samples after impact by different parameters, recording the hardness value, comparing the surface hardness change of the test samples after laser impact, wherein the hardness of the non-impact test sample is 728.18HV,1.974GW/cm 2 the surface hardness distribution of the sample after the laser power density of (2) was not uniform and was 728.9 and 730.88HV, respectively.
Step six: and (4) clamping and weighing the sample obtained in the fifth step for 10 times by using a pair of tweezers, recording the initial weight (keeping four effective digits), then installing the sample on a reciprocating friction and wear tester clamp, and setting a vertical test force: 1kN, reciprocating times: 3600 times, time: 3600s, frequency: 1Hz, amplitude: 5mm, adopting special oil lubrication for aviation bearings, ultrasonically cleaning again after the friction wear test is finished, blow-drying, weighing again, and recording experimental data, wherein the abrasion loss of the un-impacted sample is 0.00595g, and the abrasion loss is 1.974GW/cm 2 The laser power density of (a) was 0.00183g for the abrasion loss of the large area impact specimen, as shown in FIG. 7.
Comparative example 4.
The method comprises the following steps: preparing 6 samples of 10mm multiplied by 10mm to carry out a heat treatment process, wherein the quenching temperature in the heat treatment process is 1090 ℃, the heat preservation time is 35min, the temperature of the three-time tempering treatment is 540 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2 h. Before each tempering, primary cold treatment is needed, the cold treatment temperature is-75 ℃, and the heat preservation is carried out for 2.5 hours. Vacuum degree before vacuum gas quenching and heating is 5 multiplied by 10 -2 Pa。
Step two: and (3) polishing the 10mm × 10mm × 10mm block-shaped test sample subjected to the heat treatment process (vacuum gas quenching and tempering) in the step one by adopting 240, 600, 1000 and 2000-mesh sand paper until the roughness is consistent, wherein the test sample is respectively numbered as A1, A2, A3, B1, B2 and B2.
Step three: the group A is not subjected to laser shock process treatment, the group B is pasted with a black absorption layer, the absorption layer adopts 2100FRTV type black adhesive tape (the function of absorbing energy and preventing laser from ablating the surface of a workpiece), and the pasting of the absorption layer requires close fitting of the workpiece, no bubble, no impurity and the like.
Step four: clamping the group B samples in the step three on a special test fixture, setting laser parameters, adjusting the thickness of the water film to be 2mm, and using 1.974GW/cm 2 Laser power density of (a) to impact a sample over a large area, the spot overlap ratio was 80% (impacting 9 spots on one face) of the impact path, as shown in figure 1.
Step five: moving the mechanical arm to a clamping position, taking down the workpiece, removing the absorption layer, and micro-polishingAfter 10 mu m, the ferrule is placed in the ultrasonic cleaner again for cleaning for 10min, and the ferrule is taken out for drying. Testing the surface hardness of the non-impact test sample and the test samples after impact with different parameters, recording the hardness value, and comparing the surface hardness change of the test samples after laser impact, wherein the hardness of the non-impact test sample is 728.18HV, 1.974GW/cm 2 The surface hardness of the test piece after the laser power density of (2) was 731.2HV and 733.8HV, and the surface hardness distribution was not uniform.
Step six: and (4) clamping and weighing the sample obtained in the fifth step for 10 times by using a pair of tweezers, recording the initial weight (keeping four effective digits), then installing the sample on a reciprocating friction and wear tester clamp, and setting a vertical test force: 1kN, reciprocating times: 3600 times, time: 3600s, frequency: 1Hz, amplitude: 5mm, adopting special oil lubrication for aviation bearings, ultrasonically cleaning again after the friction wear test is finished, blow-drying, weighing again, and recording experimental data, wherein the abrasion loss of the un-impacted sample is 0.00595g, and the abrasion loss is 1.974GW/cm 2 The laser power density of (2) was 0.00156g in abrasion loss when it was applied to a large area of the test piece, as shown in FIG. 7.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, extension, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A process method for improving the surface hardness and the wear resistance of G13Cr4Mo4Ni4V steel by using laser shock is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: carrying out vacuum gas quenching and tempering heat treatment on the sample;
step two: polishing the 10mm multiplied by 10mm massive sample after the heat treatment process in the step one until the roughness is consistent;
step three: pasting a black absorption layer on the sample;
step four: clamping a test sample on a special test fixture, and performing laser shock peening treatment;
step five: and (5) measuring the surface hardness and the wear resistance of the sample after the laser shock peening treatment.
2. The process method for improving the surface hardness and the wear resistance of the G13Cr4Mo4Ni4V steel by using the laser shock as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step one, the quenching temperature in the heat treatment process is 1070-; vacuum degree before vacuum gas quenching and heating is lower than 5 multiplied by 10 -2 Pa。
3. The process method for improving the surface hardness and the wear resistance of the G13Cr4Mo4Ni4V steel by using the laser shock as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the third step, the absorption layer is made of any one of 2100FRTV black tape, black paint or aluminum foil, and the adhesion of the absorption layer requires close adhesion to a workpiece, no air bubbles, no impurities and the like.
4. The process for improving the surface hardness and the wear resistance of the G13Cr4Mo4Ni4V steel by laser shock peening as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, 1.974GW/cm is used 2 -3.333GW/cm 2 The laser power density of (2) is used for impacting the surface of the sample in a large area, and the thickness of the water film is 1-2 mm.
5. The process method for improving the surface hardness and the wear resistance of the G13Cr4Mo4Ni4V steel by using the laser impact according to claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, the energy distribution of the laser adopts a flat-top distribution, the light spot is a square light spot with the size of 4mm multiplied by 4mm, and the light spot adopts the lap joint rate of 50-75%.
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