CN101092658A - Method for prolonging service life of key parts and components of production equipment of chain cage machine - rotary kiln ball lumps - Google Patents
Method for prolonging service life of key parts and components of production equipment of chain cage machine - rotary kiln ball lumps Download PDFInfo
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- CN101092658A CN101092658A CN 200710025288 CN200710025288A CN101092658A CN 101092658 A CN101092658 A CN 101092658A CN 200710025288 CN200710025288 CN 200710025288 CN 200710025288 A CN200710025288 A CN 200710025288A CN 101092658 A CN101092658 A CN 101092658A
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Abstract
This invention relates to a method for prolonging the service life of key components of long-chain grate machine-rotary kiln pellet production apparatus. The method comprises: performing laser cladding/hardening treatment on the surfaces of the components by using laser thermal effect to improve surface hardness, performing salt bath treatment on the surfaces of the components by using QPQ process to form a compact bath treatment hardening layer with high friction resistance, and performing laser shock reinforcement on the surfaces of the components by using laser shock technique to form a stress layer with high amplitude residual pressure, which can effectively improve the surface mechanical properties of the components, and largely improve the anti-fatigue service life and anti-stress corrosion performance of the component. The method can improve the mechanical strength of key components so that they are hard at the surface and tough inside.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to component manufacturing of metallurgical equipment and laser special processing technology field, refer in particular to a kind of method that prolongs service life of key parts and components of production equipment of chain cage machine-rotary kiln ball lumps, be used to improve the laser-impact composite life-prolonging technique of key parts and components of production equipment of chain cage machine-rotary kiln ball lumps wear resistance and thermal fatigue life, both be applicable to the part based on the high temperature wear inefficacy such as grate plate, shovel flitch, side plate, improved its wear resistance; Also be applicable to the part based on thermal fatigue destruction such as little axle, sprocket wheel, chain link, improve its thermal fatigue life.
Background technology
Grate kiln-central cooler is one of important smelting iron and steel furnace charge production technique, its working temperature is from room temperature to 1050 ℃ gradient temperature field, the operation that moves in circles in the alternating temperature-changing field of grate bed and transport sector component requires high to related components material thermal fatigue property; The high-temperature zone component are in the medium-term and long-term work in the high-temperature field that is up to 1050 ℃, and are harsh to the high temperature abrasion resistance performance and the antioxidant property requirement of related components material.At present, usually adopt high temperature steel to make correlated parts, but its high temperature abrasion resistance and thermal fatigue remain the key factor that influences the part heat life, have to satisfy grate kiln-central cooler new process of production to requirement to its key components and parts material property as the consumable accessory periodic replacement.
Drying grate from normal temperature to the pyritous environment back and forth during operation work, with normal temperature down the equipment of work require different at design aspect.Bed and the transport sector component operation that moves in circles in the alternating temperature-changing field of combing of drying grate key component is because the effect in temperature field will enough be paid attention to expansion, stress problem when correlated parts is designed.Key components and partss such as the little axle in the drying grate, slide rail are consumable accessorys, and its main failure forms is a wear out failure, and the failure mode of chain link, grate plate, side plate is the heat fatigure failure of shaking.Temperature causes the generation and the variation of thermal stresses and thermal strain in 20～900 ℃ of scopes drastic changeization of having to go to the toilet in its operational process, and every cycle operation one-period, workpiece all stand once to compress and the stretching plastic deformation because of the effect of thermal stresses everywhere.In this chilling and shock heating environment, the inner fine cracks that exists of component, be mingled with, defective such as segregation, under the pulsating stress effect, be easy to develop into crackle.
The present invention combines reiforcing laser impact technology and " QPQ " salt bath Combined Processing, laser melting and coating technique, form laser-impact composite life-prolonging method, working condition requirement according to part, part is adopted the molten Combined Processing of laser melting coating+QPQ salt+laser impact intensified processing, make its surface structure densification, form high hardness and high-amplitude residual compressive stress, the heat-resistant piece material has good wear resistance, anti-stress corrosion performance and thermal fatigue resistance simultaneously like this, and has the good wear performance.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of laser-impact composite life-prolonging technique that improves key parts and components of production equipment of chain cage machine-rotary kiln ball lumps wear resistance and thermal fatigue life.It at first utilizes laser thermal effect to carry out piece surface laser melting coating hardening treatment, improve material surface hardness, utilizing " QPQ " technology to carry out the piece surface salt bath again handles, make piece surface form one deck and have the fine and close salt bath hardened layer of antifriction performance, at last, utilize laser impact technology to carry out laser impact intensified to piece surface, form high amplitude residual compressive stress layer, improve the mechanical property on heat-resistant piece surface effectively, particularly increase substantially the thermal fatigue life and the anti-stress corrosion performance of material.Handle the physical strength that can comprehensively improve key components and parts by the inventive method, make key components and parts interior tough outer hard.
The invention provides the system that the laser-impact complex intensifying prolongs grate kiln-central cooler key component wear resistance and thermal fatigue life that is used for, this device is combined by laser melting coating curing system, abrasive machining device, QPQ salt bath apparatus and laser impact intensified device.
The laser melting coating curing system is made up of superpower infrared laser, power supply and Controlling System, multiaxis compound motion worktable.Grinding attachment is selected external grinding, internal grinding, plane grinding and tool-grinding machine grinding by the structural shape according to part.Laser impact intensified device is made up of the workplatform of the laser generator, laser power supply and the Controlling System that link to each other successively, control software, multiaxis compound motion.
A kind of method that prolongs service life of key parts and components of production equipment of chain cage machine-rotary kiln ball lumps is characterized in that:
(1) laser melting coating hardening treatment: what at first iron nickel chromium triangle silicon boron alloy powder Fe60 is placed in advance the key parts and components of production equipment of chain cage machine-rotary kiln ball lumps surface treats the cladding position, adopt high-power laser beam irradiation scanning fusing then, laser beam power＞2000W, irradiation speed is 4.5mm/s, irradiation time 2-3 second, moment is little molten with key parts and components of production equipment of chain cage machine-rotary kiln ball lumps surface, makes piece surface prefabricated or send the metal-powder of putting to melt fully synchronously automatically with laser beam simultaneously.Rapid solidification after the laser beam flying, the fine and close coating of acquisition and basic metallurgical binding makes drying grate key component local hardening thickness reach 2-5mm, thereby recovers the characteristics such as geometrical dimension, surface strengthening, enhancing hardness, corrosion-resistant degree and fastness to rubbing of key component.
Laser Cladding Treatment has solved in the hot procedures such as traditional electric welding, argon arc welding a series of technical barriers such as inevitably thermal distortion, thermal fatigue damage, has also solved the contradiction of coating and substrate combinating strength difference in the cold working processes such as traditional plating, spraying simultaneously.
(2) the surface correct grinding is handled: the purpose of grinding is to remove metamorphic layer.In the grinding process, cut out smear metal by the minute abrasive of a large amount of amorphous anterior angles.Therefore, grinding force is less, and the smear metal of generation is tiny bits end.After the grinding, get rusty, workpiece is done dewatering, eliminating impurity and antirust processing again in order to prevent workpiece.
(3) surperficial salt bath is handled: when salt bath is handled, can come the controlling index of selected temperature, soaking time and composition, the type of cooling that workpiece is come out of the stove according to workpiece material and service condition, thereby make drying grate key component wear resistance improve by surperficial salt bath processing, and improve its surperficial antifriction quality.
(4) laser impact intensified processing, improve surface compress residual stresses, make key component thermal fatigue wear-out life improve: to utilize laser pulse width to act on the key parts and components of production equipment of chain cage machine-rotary kiln ball lumps surface for the high power pulsed laser of nanosecond, laser pulse width was 20 nanoseconds, and laser power answers＞10
9W/cm
2, particularly there is the local emphasis fatigue of stress concentration to distinguish, as hole, groove, fillet, weld seam and fastening piece, impact about 2-3 time according to strengthening needs.
Utilize high power pulsed laser (＞10
9W/cm
2) act on the high-pressure shocking wave that the key component metal material surface is brought out, the hardness and the fatigue strength of drying grate key component material are greatly improved, be particularly suitable for handling the tired district of the local emphasis with stress concentration, as hole, groove, fillet, weld seam and fastening piece etc.The laser-impact processing has noncontact, characteristics such as heat affected zone can accurately be controlled and not have to stiffened region, comprises the inapparent material of some thermal effectivenesses, can both carry out effective intensive treatment.
This technology is mainly used in various steel, iron and the ferrous based powder metallurgical drying grate key component part that requires high abrasion, anti-high erosion, fatiguability, little distortion.It usually is used for replacing thermal treatment and surface strengthening technologies such as carburizing and quenching, high-frequency quenching, ionitriding, tufftride, and, fatigue performance wear-resisting to improve are particularly with solving a hardening deforming difficult problem.Equally, also can be used to surfacecti proteons such as replacement is turned blue, chromium plating, nickel plating,, reduce production costs greatly so that increase substantially the corrosion stability of part.
Advantage of the present invention is as follows:
(1) the key component substrate temperature is low in the laser processing procedure, the laser-impact processing no big thermal distortion in back; Laser cladding layer and matrix are metallurgical binding, and bonding strength is not less than more than 90% of former base material; Key component material surface in laser processing procedure is little molten, and little crucible zone is 0.05-0.1mm, and the matrix heat affected zone is little; Cladding layer and matrix all do not have thick cast structure, cladding layer and Interface Microstructure densification thereof, and crystal is tiny, does not have defectives such as hole, slag inclusion, crackle;
(2) distortion of material surface is very little after this Combined Processing, does not influence material heart portion performance.After the Combined Processing indeformable substantially, the outward appearance of workpiece evenly, beautiful, can be used as product and finally handle.
(3) this patent of invention process program is simple, practical, jig Design is reasonable, it is convenient to use, low cost of manufacture, the part dismounting is easy, highly versatile, result of use is good, both can effectively guarantee the workpiece processing quality, and can improve work efficiency again, be suitable for the batch process of drying grate key component large diameter thin wall class part.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: laser melting coating+QPQ+ is laser impact intensified, improves chain grate machine link material wear resistance, improves material fatigue life.
Adopt preset laser cladding that the cladding of chain grate machine chain link is handled earlier, self-fluxing alloyed powder is elected the iron nickel chromium triangle silicon boron alloy powder Fe60 of high rigidity as, its principal feature is to contain boron and silicon, thereby has a performance of self-deoxidation and slag making, alloy is when remelting, boron and silicon in the alloy are oxidized, form film at clad surface.In the laser cladding process self-fluxing alloyed powder is placed in advance the cladding position on base material (chain grate machine chain link) surface, adopt laser beam irradiation scanning fusing then, self-fluxing alloyed powder adds with the powdered form, laser beam power is 2200W, laser beam irradiation speed is 4.5mm/s, 2 seconds of irradiation time, the both sides weak part of scanning fusing chain link.The main technique flow process of laser melting coating is: base material cladding surface preparation, and----preheating--laser fusion---postheat treatment obtains drying grate key component local hardening thickness and reaches 2.75mm to preset self-fluxing alloyed powder.
QPQ handles, and the QPQ technical process is: oil removing → preheating → QPQ nitrogenize → QPQ oxidation → polishing → cooling → cleaning.For drying grate material link material, after the QPQ art breading, surface abrasion resistance reaches 13 times of conventional quenching; Corrosion stability is higher more than 20 times than hard chrome plating, is higher than nickel plating far away, reaches the level of three layers of compound plating of copper nickel chromium triangle, even also higher than some stainless corrosion stability.
In adopting laser impact intensified process, laser output wavelength is 1.054 μ m, the pulse width (FWHM) of output laser is 20ns, pulsed laser energy is about 23J, the both sides weak part of shock peening chain link through after laser impact intensified, finds that drying grate chain link thermal fatigue life has prolonged many, cycle index during crack initiation is extended to about 30000 times by 11300 times original circulations, thereby has greatly improved fatigue lifetime.
Embodiment two: laser melting coating+laser impact intensified, improving grate plate material at high temperature wear out failure is main chain grate plate, improves its wear resistance.In the running of chain grate plate, exist friction to produce the phenomenon that temperature raises; The lighter has insufficient lubrication and wearing and tearing aggravation, can cause burn when serious, phenomenon such as stuck, grate plate material for drying grate, its high-temperature wear behavior is higher, in the present embodiment, employing laser melting coating+laser impact intensified, its implementing process is similar to Example 1, and different is to save QPQ to handle, and self-fluxing alloyed powder is elected the iron nickel chromium triangle silicon boron alloy powder Fe60 of high rigidity as, after the process Laser Cladding Treatment, grate plate surface abrasion resistance thickness reaches about 3mm, and the crack initiation cycle index is brought up to about 27800 times, makes the rolling bearing temperature rise reduce 50-90 ℃, wear rate increases with the increase of pressure hardly, presents poor trend.After the inventive method processing, wear resistance at elevated temperature has improved 2.78 times.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of method that prolongs service life of key parts and components of production equipment of chain cage machine-rotary kiln ball lumps comprises following steps:
(1) laser melting coating hardening treatment: what at first iron nickel chromium triangle silicon boron alloy powder Fe60 is placed in advance the key parts and components of production equipment of chain cage machine-rotary kiln ball lumps surface treats the cladding position, adopts high-power laser beam irradiation scanning fusing then;
(2) laser impact intensified processing: utilize laser pulse width to act on the tired district of local emphasis that key parts and components of production equipment of chain cage machine-rotary kiln ball lumps has stress concentration for the high power pulsed laser of nanosecond.
2, the method for prolongation service life of key parts and components of production equipment of chain cage machine-rotary kiln ball lumps according to claim 1 is characterized in that: laser beam power＞2000W in the step 1, irradiation speed is 4.5mm/s, irradiation time 2-3 second.
3, the method for prolongation service life of key parts and components of production equipment of chain cage machine-rotary kiln ball lumps according to claim 1 is characterized in that: laser pulse width was 20 nanoseconds in the step 2, laser power＞10
9W/cm
2, impact 2-3 time.
4, the method for prolongation service life of key parts and components of production equipment of chain cage machine-rotary kiln ball lumps according to claim 1 is characterized in that: carry out carrying out laser impact intensified processing again after surface correct grinding processing, the processing of surperficial salt bath after step 1 laser melting coating hardening treatment.
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| CN102676750A (en) * | 2012-05-09 | 2012-09-19 | 江苏大学 | Method and device for compositely modifying medical titanium alloy by laser gas nitriding and impacting |
| CN102703897A (en) * | 2012-07-03 | 2012-10-03 | 昆明理工大学 | Method and device for manufacturing Fe60 composite modified coating by subsidiary laser cladding in rotating magnetic field |
| CN102886606A (en) * | 2012-10-16 | 2013-01-23 | 江苏大学 | Method and device for remanufacturing sheet metal welding piece by utilizing laser |
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| CN106191422A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-12-07 | 广东工业大学 | The method and apparatus that the wheel strengthening of automobile booster Cast aluminium alloy gold leaf is lengthened the life |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102676750A (en) * | 2012-05-09 | 2012-09-19 | 江苏大学 | Method and device for compositely modifying medical titanium alloy by laser gas nitriding and impacting |
| CN102703897A (en) * | 2012-07-03 | 2012-10-03 | 昆明理工大学 | Method and device for manufacturing Fe60 composite modified coating by subsidiary laser cladding in rotating magnetic field |
| CN102886606A (en) * | 2012-10-16 | 2013-01-23 | 江苏大学 | Method and device for remanufacturing sheet metal welding piece by utilizing laser |
| CN103103523A (en) * | 2013-03-01 | 2013-05-15 | 江苏大学 | Method for preparing laser thermal composite induction nanoparticle reinforcement laminated film |
| CN103103523B (en) * | 2013-03-01 | 2015-08-05 | 江苏大学 | The preparation method of laser heating power co-induction nano-particle reinforcement laminated film |
| CN105239080A (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2016-01-13 | 广东工业大学 | Stress control 3D printing reproducing device and reproducing method |
| CN105964986A (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2016-09-28 | 安徽鑫宏机械有限公司 | Casting method for tungsten-titanium alloy surface modified composite valve body |
| CN106191422A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-12-07 | 广东工业大学 | The method and apparatus that the wheel strengthening of automobile booster Cast aluminium alloy gold leaf is lengthened the life |
| CN109112258A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2019-01-01 | 南通大学 | A kind of easy cavitation zone laser compound processing method of mud pump blade |
| CN114959245A (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-08-30 | 沈阳工业大学 | Process method for improving surface hardness and wear resistance of G13Cr4Mo4Ni4V steel by using laser impact |
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