CN105862028A - Laser repair remanufacture method of automobile engine crankshaft - Google Patents
Laser repair remanufacture method of automobile engine crankshaft Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105862028A CN105862028A CN201610252689.6A CN201610252689A CN105862028A CN 105862028 A CN105862028 A CN 105862028A CN 201610252689 A CN201610252689 A CN 201610252689A CN 105862028 A CN105862028 A CN 105862028A
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- Prior art keywords
- laser
- crankshaft
- automobile engine
- engine crankshaft
- cladding
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D10/00—Modifying the physical properties by methods other than heat treatment or deformation
- C21D10/005—Modifying the physical properties by methods other than heat treatment or deformation by laser shock processing
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
A laser repair remanufacture method of an automobile engine crankshaft relates to the technical fields of machine manufacture and material treatment, processing and application. First, laser cladding treatment is carried out on the damage zone of the crankshaft, and cladding is supplied in a manner of preset laser cladding. Then, the surface of the damage zone of the crankshaft is coated with an absorbing layer, and laser shock treatment is carried out on the damage zone of the crankshaft under the protection of a constrained layer. In the invention, the wear resistance, corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance of a metal surface are improved, the fatigue strength of materials is greatly improved, the service life of the materials is greatly prolonged, the fretting fatigue resistance of the crankshaft surface is effectively improved, the occurrence of fatigue cracks is inhibited, and the expansion rate of the fatigue cracks is reduced. Therefore, the treatment method greatly improves the wear resistance, corrosion resistance and fatigue strength of the materials, thereby prolonging the working life of the automobile engine crankshaft.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to machine-building and material processing applied technical field, refer in particular to the laser repairing reproducing method of a kind of automobile engine crankshaft.
Background technology
Laser melting coating is a kind of Surface hardened layer process technology, and it utilizes high energy laser beam to melt clad material, and forms thick for 50 μm the thinnest, low dilution rate ~ 2mm pore-free, flawless on base material, the cladding layer being well combined with base material.This technology can be applied to large-area modification by the mutual overlapped coverage of single track.Its unique function is can the multiple alloy material of cladding and applicable process small surfaces territory.Laser melting coating under relatively low cost conditions, can significantly improve the surface property of material, expands its scope of application and field, extends its service life.
In advanced manufacturing technology, laser shocking processing technology is as the Typical Representative of high energy beam, it it is a kind of manufacturing process with good prospect, its principle is that the shock wave of high-energy short-pulse laser induction interacts with material, form plastic deformation layer at metal material surface produce the crystal such as twin and form superfine little dislocation substructure, material surface is made to form the biggest residual compressive stress, so that the performances such as the fatigue strength of metal material, hardness are improved, especially fatigue life.This technology is widely applied in all trades and professions such as mechanical engineering, boats and ships, aviation, microelectronics, and this technology is mainly used in the aspects such as material modification, metal impact strengthening and shaping, and Non-Destructive Testing at present.
Engine has decisive influence as the core component of whole automobile, operational reliability and serviceability to automobile.Bent axle is the parts that automobile engine stress is concentrated most, stressing conditions is the most complicated, is also the parts being easiest to generation problem, and the quality of bent axle directly determines the quality that engine is overall.The failure mode of bent axle mainly shows as journal wear and fatigue fracture.In high-speed rotation, owing to bearing the common effect of alternating bending and alternating torsion load, each critical section of bent axle is especially between axle journal and crank at knuckle, and frequent stress is concentrated and caused crankshaft breakdown.Therefore, the reliability and security that improve engine entirety are had very important significance by fatigue strength and the life-span of improving bent axle.
At present, Engine Industry corporate boss fillet rolling to be taked and shot peening strengthening carry out intensive treatment to bent axle, improve fatigue strength and the safe operating life of bent axle.But fillet rolling is owing to being limited by crankshaft processing technology, each axle journal fillet is difficult to coincide with roller, often results in gnaw at fillet and cuts, and after rolling, crankshaft deformation is relatively big, poor effect.Shot peening strengthening can be prevented effectively from above-mentioned situation and occur, but shot-peening process is relatively big to the surface roughness affect of bent axle, and the residual compressive stress that shot-peening is formed typically only has 0.1 ~ 0.8mm.
The Chinese patent of Patent No. CN200810015524.2 discloses the nitridation of a kind of normalized nodular cast iron crankshaft, sinks and cut fillet rolling and reinforcing technology.This technique is that main bearing journal and connecting rod neck carry out fillet is heavy to be cut, then nitrogenizes, and by the control to nitriding furnace atmosphere, makes crankshaft journal and radiused surface form nitriding layer, then utilizes rolling wheel to roll the fillet after heavy cutting.This reinforcement process, can be effectively improved tired moment of flexure and the crankshaft journal wearability of bent axle, but this technique is complex, and after rolling, crankshaft deformation is relatively big, and poor effect affects the service life of bent axle.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to propose a kind of overcome above reparation defect, can comprehensively improve the laser repairing reproducing method of the mechanical performance of automobile engine crankshaft.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is: the laser repairing reproducing method of a kind of automobile engine crankshaft, comprises the following steps: A: automobile engine crankshaft surface is carried out Non-Destructive Testing, determines the damage zone of bent axle；B: the damage zone of automobile engine crankshaft is carried out laser melting coating；C: apply absorbed layer on automobile engine crankshaft damage zone surface, then under the protection of restraint layer, the damage zone of bent axle is carried out laser-impact process.
In such scheme, after damage zone first being carried out sanding and polishing by step B and cleaning totally, then carry out laser melting coating, to prevent impurity from producing secondary cracks or hole in fusing into cladding layer, do not reach the purpose of the working life extending bent axle.
In such scheme, in step B, the supply mode of cladding is preset laser cladding.
In such scheme, YAG pulse laser selected by laser instrument for laser melting coating, and the technological parameter of described YAG pulse laser is: the power bracket of laser is 1000W～1500W, and sweep speed scope is 2～30mm/s, the apparent mass making cladding layer is optimal, and flawless and hole produce.
In such scheme, the cladding layer thickness that laser melting coating is formed is 0.2～1.0mm.This is owing to cladding layer is that the laser beam utilizing high-energy-density is by cladding powder consolidation together with crankshaft surface thin layer, the coating of formation metallurgical binding.Cladding layer thickness is the scope of 0.2～1.0mm, and its wearability and non-oxidizability can play the effect preferably protecting bent axle far above original base layer, to extend the working life of bent axle.
In such scheme, the laser instrument processed for laser-impact uses CO2Laser instrument, in order to reach the shortest time needed for bent axle generation local plastic deformation, ensures that material occurrence dynamics is plastically deformed, there is residual compressive stress in ductile bed, material dislocation density is extended, and makes material yield strength improve, so that the life-span of material is extended, described CO2The technological parameter of laser instrument is: output wavelength is 10.6 μm, and pulse energy is 35J～50J.
In such scheme, described absorbed layer is the pitch-dark coating of ethyl silicate.The pitch-dark coating of ethyl silicate be the material using organic solvent configuration synthesis as laser absorption coating, can effectively absorb laser energy, improve laser-impact effect, case hardness is greatly improved, thus significantly improves the wearability of material, increases the fatigue life of material.
In such scheme, described restraint layer is water or glass.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: by the combination by laser melting coating Yu reiforcing laser impact technology, it is to avoid the problems such as in Conventional processing methods, crankshaft surface roughness increases, crankshaft deformation is relatively big after rolling, poor effect.The present invention first carries out laser melting coating reparation to automobile engine crankshaft, makes cladding layer material and matrix form good metallurgical binding, improves the wear-resisting, anti-corrosion of metal surface and oxidation resistance, significantly improve fatigue strength and the service life of material.The present invention carries out laser impact intensified process to cladding layer again, produces amplitude residual compressive stress at crankshaft surface, is effectively improved the fretting fatigue drag of crankshaft surface, the germinating of suppression fatigue crack, reduces the spreading rate of fatigue crack.The most this processing method will make the wearability of material, corrosion stability and fatigue strength be greatly improved, and then extends the service life of automobile engine crankshaft.This technique is applicable to the modification of all kinds of mechanical engine crankshaft surface and repairs.Its more specifically advantage is as follows: 1, repairing effect is more preferable: laser melting coating impact Combined Processing can not only the crackle of effective restoring automobile engine crankshaft, and the depth of residual stress of laser-impact formation is about 10 times that mechanic shot peening is formed, the fatigue life being remarkably improved automobile engine crankshaft reaches more than 3 times.2, the scope of application is wider: for certain matrix material, and suitable cladding powder can be selected to repair.Laser melting coating combines laser-impact composite treatment technology and can repair arbitrary shape, arbitrary surface, and other restorative procedures have its limitation.3, the deformation on laser melting coating impact composite treatment technology repair materials surface is the least, does not affect structural member core performance.4, laser melting coating impact composite treatment technology repairs simple and fast, and efficiency is high, greatly reduces maintenance cost.5, the laser melting coating impact composite treatment technology feature of environmental protection is excellent: do not have any pollution.Avoid using melt down, the way of recycling such as smelting time secondary pollution to environment, be green reproducing method.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the bent axle surface hardness distribution map after carrying out laser melting coating and laser-impact in the present embodiment.
Detailed description of the invention
Renovation technique: be that QT700 ductile iron crankshaft is repaired to material.
First bent axle is carried out oil removing, rust cleaning, and clean with alcohol washes, then bent axle is carried out surface nondestructive detection, be accurately positioned damage location.Then damage location residue is removed, after defect is thoroughly removed totally, bent axle damage location is carried out sanding and polishing, then confirms that damage is the most peace and quiet with PT flaw detection.Processed good bent axle is fixed on workbench, is located and fixes to clamp with fixture afterwards.
Regulation workbench, makes to treat that cladding bent axle is in suitable Working position with coaxial work head, regulation for the technological parameter of the YAG pulse laser of laser melting coating is: laser power is 1500W, and spot diameter is 5mm, and sweep speed is 5mm/s, and overlapping rate is 30%.Cladding powder uses and is combined preferable iron(-)base powder with substrate alloy, and granularity is 325 mesh.Damage location is carried out laser melting coating reparation, regulates workbench by numerical control operating platform, make the region that bent axle is repaired by certain complete required laser melting coating of track motion scan.
The cladding layer thickness that laser melting coating is formed is 0.2～1.0mm.
After cladding layer cools down, use alcohol washes crankshaft surface, coat ethyl silicate after drying pitch-dark, bent axle is put on workbench again, clamped with fixture after having good positioning.Regulation workbench, makes bent axle be in suitable Working position, controls CO now by central control processor2Laser controller and light beam conversion and adjusting means regulate CO2Laser parameter: pulsed laser energy is 35J～50J, the pulsed laser energy within 50J just can meet requirement of experiment, then increases cost higher than 50J.But pulse energy cannot be below 35J, as less than 35J, then material is not susceptible to dynamic plasticity deformation, does not reaches the requirement increased the service life.Output wavelength is 10.6 μm, and spot diameter is 5mm, for restraint layer, coated areas is carried out laser impact intensified process with water, then pitch-dark with the ethyl silicate of alcohol washes impact zone.
The result: the bent axle surface hardness distribution map after laser melting coating as shown in Figure 1 and laser-impact.
Therein two each and every one curves are respectively as follows: untreated (base material) surface hardness of crankshaft surface and the relation away from top layer distance, crankshaft surface surface hardness and away from top layer distance relation after laser-impact processes.
As seen from Figure 1: being significantly improved by the bent axle hardness of laser melting coating of the present invention and laser impact intensified reparation, the microhardness of cementation zone may be up to 590 HV, case depth is about 1.0 mm, wearability and antifraying property and is significantly improved.This is significant to improving automobile engine crankshaft material property.
Claims (7)
1. the laser repairing reproducing method of an automobile engine crankshaft, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
1) automobile engine crankshaft surface is carried out Non-Destructive Testing, determine the damage zone of bent axle；
2) damage zone of automobile engine crankshaft being carried out Laser Cladding Treatment, the supply mode of cladding is preset laser cladding；
3) apply absorbed layer on automobile engine crankshaft damage zone surface, then under the protection of restraint layer, the damage zone of cutter is carried out laser-impact process.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: carry out Laser Cladding Treatment after damage zone being carried out sanding and polishing and cleaning totally.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the technological parameter for the YAG pulse laser of laser melting coating is: the power bracket of laser is 1000W～1500W, and sweep speed scope is 2～30mm/s.
4. according to the method described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that: the cladding layer thickness that laser melting coating is formed is 0.2～1.0mm.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: when described laser-impact processes, CO2The technological parameter of laser instrument is: output wavelength is 10.6 μm, and pulse energy is 35J～50J.
6. according to compounding method described in claim 1 or 5, it is characterised in that the described pitch-dark coating of absorbed layer ethyl silicate.
7. according to compounding method described in claim 1 or 5, it is characterised in that described restraint layer is water or glass.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610252689.6A CN105862028A (en) | 2016-04-22 | 2016-04-22 | Laser repair remanufacture method of automobile engine crankshaft |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610252689.6A CN105862028A (en) | 2016-04-22 | 2016-04-22 | Laser repair remanufacture method of automobile engine crankshaft |
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| CN105862028A true CN105862028A (en) | 2016-08-17 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610252689.6A Pending CN105862028A (en) | 2016-04-22 | 2016-04-22 | Laser repair remanufacture method of automobile engine crankshaft |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107541726A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2018-01-05 | 江苏大学 | A kind of laser repairing and the compounding method for strengthening slit region |
| CN111088488A (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2020-05-01 | 东华大学 | 3D printing method based on laser cladding and laser shock |
| CN114622198A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-06-14 | 上海吴泾第二发电有限责任公司 | Power station generator rotor shaft neck damage laser cladding repair method and application |
| CN115041819A (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2022-09-13 | 华南理工大学 | Method for improving fatigue performance of welded joint |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101109083A (en) * | 2007-08-20 | 2008-01-23 | 沈阳大陆激光成套设备有限公司 | Laser cladding repair technique for engine crankshaft |
| CN103695939A (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2014-04-02 | 江苏万力机械股份有限公司 | Laser repairing remanufacturing method of ultra-large cutting equipment cutter |
-
2016
- 2016-04-22 CN CN201610252689.6A patent/CN105862028A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101109083A (en) * | 2007-08-20 | 2008-01-23 | 沈阳大陆激光成套设备有限公司 | Laser cladding repair technique for engine crankshaft |
| CN103695939A (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2014-04-02 | 江苏万力机械股份有限公司 | Laser repairing remanufacturing method of ultra-large cutting equipment cutter |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 任旭东等: "QT700球墨铸铁曲轴的激光冲击强化试验", 《江苏大学学报》 * |
| 石美玉: "《汽车制造工艺学》", 30 November 2014, 北京：人民交通出版社股份有限公司 * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107541726A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2018-01-05 | 江苏大学 | A kind of laser repairing and the compounding method for strengthening slit region |
| CN111088488A (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2020-05-01 | 东华大学 | 3D printing method based on laser cladding and laser shock |
| CN114622198A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-06-14 | 上海吴泾第二发电有限责任公司 | Power station generator rotor shaft neck damage laser cladding repair method and application |
| CN115041819A (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2022-09-13 | 华南理工大学 | Method for improving fatigue performance of welded joint |
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Application publication date: 20160817 |
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