CN102642177A - Processing method of alloy surface micro-cracks - Google Patents
Processing method of alloy surface micro-cracks Download PDFInfo
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- CN102642177A CN102642177A CN2012101376658A CN201210137665A CN102642177A CN 102642177 A CN102642177 A CN 102642177A CN 2012101376658 A CN2012101376658 A CN 2012101376658A CN 201210137665 A CN201210137665 A CN 201210137665A CN 102642177 A CN102642177 A CN 102642177A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a processing method of alloy surface micro-cracks. The aimed micro-crack size range is that the depth is smaller than 0.8 mm, the width is smaller than 0.2 mm, and the length is smaller than 2 mm. A compressive stress layer is formed on the periphery of the alloy surface cracks by using liquid shot-peening repair method, so that micro-cracks with lower depth are eliminated directly, the size of cracks with deeper depth become small, closure effects are produced, spreading rate of the surface micro-cracks is effectively reduced, the surface rigidity and toughness are increased, and components serve continuously; and deformation of alloy after processing is small, and the surface fineness is high. The method is applied in the repair of alloy surface micro-cracks, the operation of the device is flexible, and the process is simple; and limits to workpiece size, operation site and space are small, the processing efficiency is high, energy is saved, and the method is clean and pollution-free.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to flight-line maintenance and metal component surface recovery technique, relate in particular to the repair process method of a kind of alloy components or material surface micro-crack.
Background technology
The service life of hardware is the major issue that industrial quarters is paid close attention to all the time with the safety of being on active service.And hardware since processing and manufacturing or the influence (alternate load, impact, temperature difference etc.) that in use receives external environment be easy to produce micro-crack at metal surface; When micro-crack extension will form macroscopic cracking to a certain degree the time, and finally cause component failure and possibly cause security incident.Therefore to containing that the micro-crack hardware is repaired or crack size being controlled at all the time the service life that then can prolong hardware in the scope of permission, have important economic value and social benefit.The processing method that crackle appears in the metal current material surface adopts the method for repair by welding usually, though this method usage range is wide, and complex process, cost is high.In addition; Because the effect meeting of the high-temperature fusion in the repair by welding process produces residual tension at material surface; Cause member to repair in the back military service process and still can produce new crackle again; The heat input that for example vacuum brazing, electric arc and plasma arc are welded in the repair process is bigger, all produces fire check easily in the heat affected area, and electron beam welding is restricted because needing complicated vacuum system again.
With the titanium alloy is example, because titanium alloy material costs an arm and a leg and difficulty of processing is big, the important structure part that is generally used for being on active service under the severe rugged environment; The service life of titanium alloy member and material is an industrial quarters with the safety of being on active service, especially the major issue paid close attention to all the time of fields such as Aero-Space, naval vessel manufacturing, instrument and meter.With Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy (being called for short TC4) is example; TC4 uses titanium alloy the most widely; TC4 titanium alloy member or material receive the effect of external environment condition in processing and manufacturing or use, like alternate load, shock loading, temperature fluctuation etc., be easy at its top layer generation micro-crack; When micro-crack extension will form macroscopic cracking to a certain degree the time, and then cause component failure and possibly cause security incident.Therefore, to the TC4 titanium alloy member that contains micro-crack or material is repaired or crack size is controlled at all the time the service life that then can prolong hardware in the scope of permission, have important economic value and social benefit.
Chinese invention patent CN101403114 " a kind of surface crack renovation method for key elements of chain grate " adopts lf and laser-impact to handle the method that combines and repairs crackle; This method belongs to high-technology field; Used laser equipment is relatively more expensive; Be applicable to a small amount of processing of key components and parts, economic and practical inadequately for the reparation of large tracts of land, large-scale component, can not satisfy industrial popularity and scale and use.Chinese invention patent CN201239828 " steel pipe internal-surface crackle prosthetic device " adopts and the top layer to be had the method that the metal cutting of crackle falls eliminates crackle; This method is owing to machine away layer of metal; Will certainly influence the dimensional accuracy of workpiece; And can produce tension in the metal surface, and can not avoid the appearance of new crackle, so cutting the method for eliminating crackle, this employing only is applicable to the indivedual fields low to the workpiece size required precision.In addition, the mode that Chinese invention patent CN1857850 " a kind of method of repairing Metal Crack " adopts and sews and mend, inlays, reaming combines is repaired crackle, but this method has some requirements to the metal surface flatness, and renovation technique is comparatively complicated.
Summary of the invention
To the limitation of existing alloy components or material surface micro-crack processing method, the present invention is intended to disclose the processing method of a kind of alloy components or material surface micro-crack, and it is directed against the degree of depth less than 0.8mm; Width is less than 0.2mm, and length is adopted the method that the liquid shot-peening is repaired less than the micro-crack of 2mm; Form a compressive stress layer in said metal surface crackle neighboring area; Make the more shallow micro-crack of the degree of depth directly be eliminated, the darker crack size of the degree of depth becomes tiny, produces closed effect; Particularly special is; It is nanocrystalline to form one deck on the alloy material surface after adopting this method to handle; Improved hardness, toughness and the crack extended capability of material surface greatly, thereby significantly hindered further expanding of crackle, made that member or material can continue to be on active service.
Technical solution of the present invention is achieved in that
A kind of processing method of alloy surface micro-crack comprises following treatment step:
(1) confirm the micro-crack characteristic: confirm the position and the size of alloy material top layer crackle through the nondestructive inspection method of testing, determine whether to satisfy following dimensional requirement: promptly the micro-crack degree of depth is less than 0.8mm, and width is less than 0.2mm, and length is less than 2mm;
Said nondestructive inspection method of testing comprises ultrasonic examination, x-ray flaw detection, magnetic powder inspection and eddy current inspection.
(2) clean: the micro-crack zone, top layer for satisfying the aforementioned dimensions scope is cleaned, and removes the residue in micro-crack zone;
(3) the liquid shot-peening is repaired: the blasting media that adopts liquid and bullet to mix, carry out the liquid bead to the surface in micro-crack zone;
Said liquid is water, or oil, or is mixed with the water or the oil of sustained release agent;
Said bullet is ceramic pellet or glass ball or cast steel ball or corundum bullet, and the bullet granularity is 0.07～0.8mm;
The mill liquor ratio is that the mass ratio of liquid and bullet is (10 ~ 18): 1.
Concrete, in the technology that said liquid shot-peening is repaired, injection air pressure is 0.3 ~ 0.7MPa, and the inject process time is 20 ~ 300s, and jet length is 10 ~ 20cm, and spray angle is 70 ° ~ 90 °.
Device therefor is the liquid compressed air shotblasting machine.
The conventional dry blasting technology is the tiny bullet striking work surface at room temperature that utilizes high velocity jet, makes surface layer material under recrystallization temperature, produce bullet, plastic deformation, presents the distribution of desirable institutional framework and residual compressive stress.The dried relatively shot-peening of liquid shot-peening is a kind of novel blasting technology; Its operation principle is: bullet is placed water, wet goods liquid medium; Make feed power with the mill liquid pump; Compressed air do to quicken power, and the mill liquid high velocity jet that bullet and liquid mixing is formed through spray gun makes the workpiece surface crackle be able to reparation to pending surface of the work.The more traditional dried shot-peening of liquid shot-peening has been compared plurality of advantages: on the one hand; Because the liquid shot-peening places water, wet goods liquid with bullet, said liquid can form one deck liquid film at metal material surface, to get rid of the dry friction phenomenon; Relax the impact of bullet to the metal surface; It is more even that contact load is distributed, and formed metal material is compared its surface roughness value with the dried shot-peening of employing and obviously reduced, and surface quality is better; On the other hand, because highly pressurised liquid has replaced pressure-air, pill can be avoided dust pollution and can reduce the shot-peening noise with liquids recovery.
A particularly outstanding effect of the present invention is embodied in: adopting liquid ball blasting method according to the invention to alloy, after handling, (is below the gas pressure 0.7MPa under common shot peening strength and pressure; Below the shot-peening speed 180m/s, the shot-peening time be tens seconds to a few minutes) down alloy surface crystal grain refine to nanoscale from micron order, promptly reached with pressure and had only the high energy shot-peening usually and (refer to utilize the projectile particle of high-speed motion to clash into metal material surface with the intensity of common shot-peening; So that the surface produces intense plastic strain; Form nanostructured layers, common relatively shot-peening significant prolongation of shot-peening time, its shot-peening time is several hours usually; Even be tens hours; Jet velocity is close with common shot-peening or adopt high-speed shot blasting, and speed generally is no more than 300m/s, and the bullet size is close with common shot-peening) effect that just can reach; Practiced thrift the processing time greatly, reduced processing cost.
In addition, processing method of the present invention helps improving the durability of pill and nozzle.
Thus it is clear that, adopt the liquid blasting technology alloy surface cracks reason to be kept on the one hand the advantage of dried blasting technology; The effect that could realize with the high energy shot-peening when adopting common shot-peening pressure to realize common dried shot-peening on the other hand promptly forms nanocrystalline at metal surface.In addition,, kept fluid pressure invariable owing to adopt the liquid shot-peening, therefore material surface handle quality and stable aspect all superior than dried ball blasting method.
Given this, the liquid shot-blast process is applied in the processing of alloy surface micro-crack, its technique effect is given prominence to:
At first, the alloy surface micro-crack produces closed effect, reduces crack growth rate; Thereby alloy mechanical property is improved; Prolong service life, cost savings: utilize the liquid shot-blast process to form a compressive stress layer in the neighboring area of the metal surface crackle that meets the certain size requirement, its degree of depth is 0.2mm～0.5mm; The maximum residual stress value-600MPa ~-900MPa, and be positioned at the top layer of material; Because compressive residual stress can make micro-crack produce closed effect; Reduce scope and the stress ratio R of crackle expansion effective stress intensity factor K; Thereby reduce the spreading rate of crackle; Make to contain the micro-crack member and continue to be on active service satisfying under the service condition, can also improve the critical effective stress and germinating position of new crack initiation in addition, thereby avoid or delay new micro-crack producing.Simultaneously, because the bump of bullet under the hydrodynamic lubrication, the alloy material top layer produces serious distortion of lattice, and the remarkable refinement of crystal grain refine to nanoscale from micron order, can greatly improve the resistance of top layer to micro-crack extension, thereby the case hardness of making and toughness increase.
Secondly; Obtain better surface quality: because bullet hardness is big, percentage of damage is low, polishing; And the lubrication of water or oil is arranged, less to the damage that material surface causes, can directly clear up the more shallow crackle of the degree of depth of oxide skin, burr and the appearance of material surface; Thereby make workpiece deformation little, surface smoothness is high.
Moreover comprehensive benefit is better: the present invention adopts the liquid compressed air shotblasting machine that the alloy surface micro-crack is handled, the equipment flexible operation, and technology is simple; Few for restrictions such as workpiece size and operation field and spaces, treatment effeciency is high, and energy savings, cleanliness without any pollution.
The specific embodiment
Certain model turbine blade, its material are the TC4 titanium alloy, because long service receives the influence of sand and dust in alternate load and the air, fatigue crack occurs at blade surface.The length that detects the blade surface micro-crack through Olympus 5800 supersonic detectors after the vanes removing surface is 1.5mm, and width is 0.1mm, and the degree of depth is 0.45mm; After with alcohol slit region being cleaned, blade is handled through liquid shot-peening restorative procedure.The equipment that the liquid shot-peening adopts is JY-120WB type liquid compressed air shotblasting machine; Blasting media is water and ceramic pellet; Concrete operating process is following: the test specimen after the cleaning is installed on the anchor clamps, is 10:1 according to the mass ratio of water and ceramic pellet, and adds certain sustained release agent; The adjustment spray gun is 15cm apart from the distance of test specimen, and nozzle is perpendicular to the test specimen surface.Then anchor clamps are removed, opened air compressor machine, adjustment air pressure is to 0.4MPa.After all are ready, begin test specimen is carried out bead, injecting time is 54s, and spray angle is 70 °.
The blade surface micro-crack carries out Non-Destructive Testing to its surface again after the liquid bead, detect its mechanics of surface performance, and contrasts with processing is preceding.The result finds that having formed good residual compressive stress in blade table slabbing line neighboring area distributes, and maximum residual stress reaches-750MPa, and is positioned at the top layer of blade; The residual compressive stress layer depth is about 0.4mm, and crizzle diminishes, attenuates, and has produced good closed effect; Effectively hindered the expansion of crackle; Satisfy the blade instructions for use, make blade continue to be on active service, thereby reduced production cost.
Claims (2)
1. the processing method of an alloy surface micro-crack, less than 0.8mm, width is less than 0.2mm to the degree of depth, and length is characterized in that less than the alloy surface micro-crack of 2mm:
Adopt the liquid shot-blast process that said micro-crack is repaired; The blasting media that promptly adopts liquid and bullet to mix carries out the liquid bead to the surface in micro-crack zone;
Said liquid is water, or oil, or is mixed with the water or the oil of corrosion inhibiter;
Said bullet is ceramic pellet or glass ball or cast steel ball or corundum bullet, and the bullet granularity is 0.07～0.8mm;
The mass ratio that its mill liquor ratio is liquid and bullet is (10 ~ 18): 1.
2. the processing method of alloy surface micro-crack as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Injection air pressure is 0.3 ~ 0.7MPa, and the inject process time is 20 ~ 300s, and jet length is 10 ~ 20cm, and spray angle is 70 ° ~ 90 °.
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| CN2012101376658A CN102642177A (en) | 2012-05-04 | 2012-05-04 | Processing method of alloy surface micro-cracks |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102922430A (en) * | 2012-11-18 | 2013-02-13 | 田欣利 | Method for improving grinding rupture strength of engineering ceramic by shot peening of elastic coating |
| CN103143902A (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2013-06-12 | 洛阳新火种节能技术推广有限公司 | Process of precision casting K242 alloy positioning sector |
| CN105039958A (en) * | 2015-07-13 | 2015-11-11 | 西安航天动力测控技术研究所 | Technique for improving color uniformity of alloy steel bluing coating effectively |
| CN106737212A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-05-31 | 江苏毅合捷汽车科技股份有限公司 | A kind of automobile turbocharger of high-efficiency environment friendly remanufactures blasting craft |
| CN106755945A (en) * | 2017-01-03 | 2017-05-31 | 安徽工业大学 | A kind of method and device for changing crack propagation path based on laser shock wave technology |
| CN109487183A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-03-19 | 同济大学 | A kind of wet blasting surface modifying method suitable for aluminium lithium alloy |
| CN110016629A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2019-07-16 | 同济大学 | A kind of wet blasting surface modifying method suitable for titanium alloy |
| CN111687755A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2020-09-22 | 加特可株式会社 | Method for setting shot blasting conditions |
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| JP2000317838A (en) * | 1999-05-07 | 2000-11-21 | Suncall Corp | Surface treatment method for spring |
| JP2003053533A (en) * | 2001-08-09 | 2003-02-26 | Toshiba Corp | Method of repairing structure and repair welding equipment |
| CN1664156A (en) * | 2005-03-22 | 2005-09-07 | 天津大学 | Method for enhancing performance of tungsten carbide base carbide alloy by liquid shot blasting |
| CN101698924A (en) * | 2009-09-29 | 2010-04-28 | 昆山新浦瑞金属材料有限公司 | Steel shot used for cleaning and strengthening surface of metal and preparation method thereof |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2000317838A (en) * | 1999-05-07 | 2000-11-21 | Suncall Corp | Surface treatment method for spring |
| JP2003053533A (en) * | 2001-08-09 | 2003-02-26 | Toshiba Corp | Method of repairing structure and repair welding equipment |
| CN1664156A (en) * | 2005-03-22 | 2005-09-07 | 天津大学 | Method for enhancing performance of tungsten carbide base carbide alloy by liquid shot blasting |
| CN101698924A (en) * | 2009-09-29 | 2010-04-28 | 昆山新浦瑞金属材料有限公司 | Steel shot used for cleaning and strengthening surface of metal and preparation method thereof |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102922430A (en) * | 2012-11-18 | 2013-02-13 | 田欣利 | Method for improving grinding rupture strength of engineering ceramic by shot peening of elastic coating |
| CN103143902A (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2013-06-12 | 洛阳新火种节能技术推广有限公司 | Process of precision casting K242 alloy positioning sector |
| CN105039958A (en) * | 2015-07-13 | 2015-11-11 | 西安航天动力测控技术研究所 | Technique for improving color uniformity of alloy steel bluing coating effectively |
| CN106737212A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-05-31 | 江苏毅合捷汽车科技股份有限公司 | A kind of automobile turbocharger of high-efficiency environment friendly remanufactures blasting craft |
| CN106755945A (en) * | 2017-01-03 | 2017-05-31 | 安徽工业大学 | A kind of method and device for changing crack propagation path based on laser shock wave technology |
| CN106755945B (en) * | 2017-01-03 | 2018-06-08 | 安徽工业大学 | A kind of method and device for changing crack propagation path based on laser shock wave technology |
| CN109487183A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-03-19 | 同济大学 | A kind of wet blasting surface modifying method suitable for aluminium lithium alloy |
| CN111687755A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2020-09-22 | 加特可株式会社 | Method for setting shot blasting conditions |
| CN110016629A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2019-07-16 | 同济大学 | A kind of wet blasting surface modifying method suitable for titanium alloy |
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Application publication date: 20120822 |