CN109735839A - A kind of method that fatigue crack is repaired in cold spraying - Google Patents
A kind of method that fatigue crack is repaired in cold spraying Download PDFInfo
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- CN109735839A CN109735839A CN201910032805.7A CN201910032805A CN109735839A CN 109735839 A CN109735839 A CN 109735839A CN 201910032805 A CN201910032805 A CN 201910032805A CN 109735839 A CN109735839 A CN 109735839A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods that fatigue crack is repaired in cold spraying, are mainly used for the initial stage of crack Propagation.Main five steps included below: the bright and clean processing of steel structure surface, steel construction Crack tip surface sand-blasting improves roughness processing, weak defects are handled after steel construction Crack tip surface sand-blasting, the surface cold spraying metal particles deposition coating reparation of fatigue of steel structures Crack tip, the smooth polishing of cold spraying depositing coating.Certain thickness is deposited in steel structure surface by coating, the fracture toughness of component is improved, crack growth rate is reduced, so that steel structure member fatigue life be enable to extend.Repairing effect is good in a particular embodiment, easy to operate, environmental pollution is small, low energy consumption, with economic benefit obviously more.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of methods of Structural Metallic Fatigue crack forming mechanism, and in particular to a kind of fatigue of steel structures crackle expansion
The restorative procedure of exhibition.
Background technique
It for a long time, is based on structural mechanics and the mechanics of materials to the calculation method of structure or component in engineering.
They usually all assume that material is uniform non-individual body, does not account for the crackle and defect of objective reality, as long as working when calculating
Stress is no more than allowable stress, and it is safe for being considered as structure, otherwise is exactly unsafe.Working stress according to load condition,
Component geometric dimension is calculated, and allowable stress is then selected according to operating condition and material properties.
For defect that may be present in practical structures and other consider less than factor, be all placed in safety coefficient and examine
Consider.Safety coefficient does not consider a possibility that other failure modes, such as brittle fracture or fast fracture.People once generally recognized
To select higher safety coefficient to be just avoided that this low stress fracture.However, in practice it has proved that really not so, material, which exists, to be lacked
Sunken or crackle structure or component, will occur to fail comprehensively in the case where stress value is far below design stress.Such example
It is sub very much, thus shaken the sense of security of above-mentioned traditional design thought, make the importance it was recognized that crack forming mechanism.
Steel structure member understands germinating and extension due to fatigue crack and brittle failure occurs when bearing cyclic load,
This brittle failure phenomenon generation is not plastically deformed significantly suddenly, it would be possible to cause serious casualties, economic loss and evil
Bad social influence, and can not carry out replacing the component to crack in time due to expense and duration and normal use etc.,
And then it needs to repair the fatigue crack for causing brittle failure.Currently, there are many methods for the reparation and crack arrest of fatigue crack.Drilling
Crack arrest method is that " steel structure strengthening technology specification " suggests the method used, and as the emergency means of fatigue crack crack arrest, drilling stops
Method is split generally to implement at the scene, and the tip of fatigue crack is often difficult to be accurately positioned at the scene, if bore position is inclined slightly
Afterwards, fail to remove crack tip, at this point, fatigue crack is similar to the short crack of notch germinating, can extend at faster speed.Together
When, it drills and weakens the problem of section can make the reduction of component static strength, bring other；Crackle soldering method will deteriorate in the welding process
The fracture toughness of steel in weld metal and heat affected area makes the region have biggish welding residual stress, and in weld seam
Stomata, be mingled with, the welding defects such as crackle may cause the germinating and extension of new fatigue crack；Steel plate reinforcement method will be in two sides
It is arranged symmetrically, otherwise, the moment-out-plane that load eccentricity generates reinforces the stress concentration at position by deteriorating；Permeate completion method
Due to the unstability of practical filling process, repairing effect has uncertainty.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the above-mentioned prior art, provides a kind of cold spraying and repair fatigue crack
Method, being capable of effective repaired steel-structure fatigue crack by this method.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of method that fatigue crack is repaired in cold spraying, includes the following steps:
Step 1 is surface-treated steel construction Crack tip, keeps steel structure surface bright, no indentation；
Step 2 carries out steel construction Crack tip surface to improve roughness processing；
Step 3 carries out weak defects processing to steel construction Crack tip surface；
Step 4 splits fatigue of steel structures in fatigue of steel structures Crack tip surface cold spraying metal particles deposition coating
Sharp leading edge surface is repaired.
The detailed process of the step 1 are as follows: crack tip region is first subjected to surfacing and grinding process, then is removed
The greasy dirt and/or rusty stain of steel structure surface, until surface-brightening, no indentation.
In the step 2, sandblasting is carried out to steel construction Crack tip surface, to propose the high roughness in surface.
The sand grains of sandblasting used is Brown Alundum, dustless diamond dust or white fused alumina；The sand grains water content of the use of sandblasting <
2%；The sand grains partial size of sandblasting used is 0.05mm-0.15mm；When sandblasting, the compressed air of use is through cooling water and grease
Separator is handled；For 0.2MPa-0.65MPa, air pressure luffing is 0.05MPa- for the air compressor machine air pressure of sandblasting used
0.1MPa。
When sandblasting, nozzle to steel construction matrix surface vertical range is 10-20mm, injection direction and steel construction matrix surface
Normal angle is 30 ° -10 °.
In the step 2, steel construction Crack tip surface is carried out after improving roughness processing, before so that steel construction is split point
Edge surface roughness reaches 20-30 μm.
The detailed process of step 3 are as follows: to the component ultrasonic cleaning of steel structure surface sandblasting, remove weak of surface
Then grain keeps steel structure surface dry with blowing.
In the step 4, using partial size for 15 ± 5 μm of aluminium powder, the copper powder that partial size is 15 ± 5 μm or partial size is 10 ± 5
μm comminuted steel shot fatigue of steel structures Crack tip surface carry out cold spraying.
In the step 4, when cold spraying, main atmospheric pressure is 0.5-1.0MPa, powder feeding rate 10-18g/min, spraying
It is 10-20mm away from substrate distance, spraying movement speed is 5-20mm/s, and gas heating temperature is 200-500 DEG C.
Further include step 5, will sink in step 4 in the metallic particles that the surface cold spraying of fatigue of steel structures Crack tip is formed
Product coating polishing is smooth, to eliminate stress concentration.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
The method that fatigue crack is repaired in cold spraying of the present invention is first surface-treated steel construction Crack tip, makes steel knot
Structure surface-brightening, no indentation；Then steel construction Crack tip surface is carried out improving roughness processing；Then point is split to steel construction
Leading edge surface carries out weak defects processing, improves bond strength；Then in fatigue of steel structures Crack tip surface cold spraying metal
Particle depositing coating repairs fatigue of steel structures Crack tip surface；By above-mentioned technical proposal it can be seen that the present invention is
A kind of spraying technology based entirely on gas dynamics, particle heating temperature is low, causes plasticity by adia-batic shear instability
Rheology deposits on steel structure surface repairs fatigue crack, and the coating of spraying has not oxidizable, scaling loss, covert, tissue change
Phenomena such as, the residual stress of coating is mainly compression, can offset the effect of external load, improves the service life of crack extesion.And
And spray efficiency is high, source consumption is low, material resource recoverable, non-environmental-pollution, easy to operate, safe, therefore the present invention is
A kind of green fatigue crack restorative procedure.
Further, the metallic particles that method of the invention is also formed in the surface cold spraying of fatigue of steel structures Crack tip is heavy
Product coating polishing is smooth, and the bumps that layer surface is deposited after spraying are carried out grinding processing with irregular, can eliminate stress concentration,
And the surface after repairing extends Crack Growth Fatigue Life.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is cold spraying schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is standard unilateral gap Three Points Bending Specimen cold spraying rear front view of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is standard unilateral gap Three Points Bending Specimen cold spraying lateral side view of the present invention；
Fatigue test loading figure after Fig. 4 standard unilateral gap Three Points Bending Specimen cold spraying of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is that the standard unilateral gap Three Points Bending Specimen after the embodiment of the present invention 1 is repaired is placed on MTS electro-hydraulic servo testing
Machine carries out the obtained fatigue crack length a of fatigue test with the change curve of fatigue load cycle-index N；
Fig. 6 is that the standard unilateral gap Three Points Bending Specimen after the embodiment of the present invention 2 is repaired is placed on MTS electro-hydraulic servo testing
Machine carries out the obtained fatigue crack length a of fatigue test with the change curve of fatigue load cycle-index N；
Fig. 7 is that the present invention repairs flow chart.
In figure, 1- powder feeder, 2- Laval nozzle, 3- substrate, 4- gas heater, 5- cold spraying coating, 6- is unilateral to be lacked
Schistostoma line, the top 7- load pressure head, the bottom 8- support roller, 9- weighted platform.
Specific embodiment
It is next with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples that the present invention is described further.
As shown in figure 5, the method that fatigue crack is repaired in cold spraying of the invention, is mainly used for the initial of crack Propagation
Stage, specifically includes the following steps:
Step 1: steel construction Crack tip is surface-treated, surface treatment process are as follows: to steel structure member Crack Tip
End regions carry out surfacing and grinding process, and greasy dirt, the rusty stain of steel structure surface are removed with absolute alcohol or degreaser, until
Surface-brightening, without indentation.
Step 2: to steel construction Crack tip surface sand-blasting, to improve roughness.It is hard using sand grains, have corner angle dry
(water content < 2%), without soil and other impurity, the sand-blasting abrasives such as Brown Alundum, dustless diamond dust or white fused alumina are can be used in sand grains.
The partial size of sand grains is advisable with 0.05mm-0.15mm, and sandblasting has to pass through cooling device with compressed air and oil water separator is handled,
Air compressor machine air pressure is 0.2MPa-0.65MPa when sandblasting, and air pressure luffing is 0.05MPa-0.1MPa.Nozzle is vertical to matrix surface
Distance is advisable for 10-20mm, and injection direction, which is 30 ° -10 ° with matrix surface normal angle, to be advisable.If there is bolt on steel construction
Hole, it is necessary to bolt hole be protected with screw rod, prevent the screw thread in sand grains damage bolt hole.
Step 3: the weak defects after steel construction Crack tip surface sand-blasting are handled.To steel structure surface sandblasting
Component ultrasonic cleaning, remove surface weakness particle, improve bond strength, then make dry tack free with hair dryer.
Step 4: in fatigue of steel structures Crack tip surface cold spraying metal particles deposition coating, fatigue of steel structures is split
Sharp leading edge surface is repaired.In the process of fatigue of steel structures Crack tip surface cold spraying metal particles deposition coating are as follows: ginseng
According to Fig. 1, under the operation of six axis full-automatic mechanical arms, to take body of passively supplying gas by partial size be 15 ± 5 μm of aluminium powders, partial size be 15 ±
5 μm of copper powders or partial size are 10 ± 5 μm of comminuted steel shots, by powder feeder 1 in high pressure gas (such as helium, nitrogen by gas heater 4
Gas) under acceleration, the surface of steel construction matrix 3 is deposited on by Laval nozzle 2, form cold spraying coating 5, cold spraying coating
5 thickness is determined by requirement, is preferably not less than 3mm, is repaired to the fatigue crack on steel construction matrix 3.
In step 4, main parameters ranges are as follows:
Step 5: cold spraying coating 5 is polished flat.By after spraying 5 surface of cold spraying coating bumps and it is irregular into
Row grinding processing is eliminated stress and is concentrated, and cold spraying coating 5 determines after polishing with a thickness of by requirement, is preferably not less than 2mm.
And the surface after repairing extends Crack Growth Fatigue Life.
Embodiment 1
Fatigue test is carried out by production standard unilateral gap Three Points Bending Specimen, such as Fig. 2~Fig. 4.Firstly, to sample table
Face successively uses the sand paper of 100 mesh, 500 mesh, 1000 mesh and 1500 mesh to polish, then alcohol washes, sandblasting, by 15 ± 5 μm of partial size
Aluminium powder be sent into Laval nozzle 2 by accelerating after gas heater 4 in high pressure gas by powder feeder 1, aluminium powder is deposited on substrate 3
Surface, which completes to repair, to be reinforced.The design parameter that cold spraying uses: main force air pressure 1.0MPa, powder feeding rate 15g/min are sprayed away from base
Plate distance 12mm, spray movement speed 15mm/s, 300 DEG C of gas heating temperature.Cold spraying aluminized coating is with a thickness of 3mm, with 3000
Mesh sand paper is polishing to 2mm.Then, the standard unilateral gap Three Points Bending Specimen after cold spraying being repaired is placed on MTS electro-hydraulic servo
Testing machine carries out fatigue test and obtains the related data such as fatigue load cycle-index N and crack extending length a, passes through data processing
The change curve such as Fig. 5 of drafting fatigue crack length a with fatigue load cycle-index N, the tired longevity after steel substrate cold spraying aluminium
Life N doubles left and right.
Embodiment 2
Fatigue test is carried out by production standard unilateral gap Three Points Bending Specimen, such as Fig. 2~Fig. 4.Firstly, to sample table
Face successively uses the sand paper of 100 mesh, 500 mesh, 1000 mesh and 1500 mesh to polish, then alcohol washes, will with emergy blasting treatment
15 ± 5 μm of partial size of A5052 aluminium closes powder and is accelerated to be sent into Lavalle spray after high pressure gas is by gas heater 4 by powder feeder 1
Pipe 2, aluminium powder, which is deposited on 3 surface of substrate and completes to repair, to be reinforced.The design parameter that cold spraying uses: main force air pressure 1.0MPa, powder feeding
Rate 16g/min, spraying spray movement speed 10mm/s away from substrate distance 15mm, and 350 DEG C of gas heating temperature.Cold spraying aluminium
Coating layer thickness 3mm is polishing to 2mm with 3000 mesh sand paper.Then, the standard unilateral gap three-point bending examination after cold spraying being repaired
Sample is placed on MTS electro-hydraulic servo testing machine and carries out fatigue test to obtain fatigue load cycle-index N and crack extending length a etc. related
Data draw fatigue crack length a with change curve such as Fig. 6 of fatigue load cycle-index N, in steel substrate by data processing
Fatigue life N improves a lot after cold spraying A5052 aluminium alloy.
The present invention deposits certain thickness in steel structure surface by coating, improves the fracture toughness of component, reduces crackle and expands
Rate is opened up, so that steel structure member fatigue life be enable to extend.In a particular embodiment repairing effect it is good, it is easy to operate,
Environmental pollution is small, low energy consumption, with economic benefit obviously more.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method that fatigue crack is repaired in cold spraying, which comprises the steps of:
Step 1 is surface-treated steel construction Crack tip, keeps steel structure surface bright, no indentation；
Step 2 carries out steel construction Crack tip surface to improve roughness processing；
Step 3 carries out weak defects processing to steel construction Crack tip surface；
Step 4, in fatigue of steel structures Crack tip surface cold spraying metal particles deposition coating, before splitting point to fatigue of steel structures
It is repaired on edge surface.
2. the method that fatigue crack is repaired in a kind of cold spraying according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 1
Detailed process are as follows: crack tip region is first subjected to surfacing and grinding process, then remove steel structure surface greasy dirt and/or
Rusty stain, until surface-brightening, no indentation.
3. the method that fatigue crack is repaired in a kind of cold spraying according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 2
In, sandblasting is carried out to steel construction Crack tip surface, to propose the high roughness in surface.
4. the method that fatigue crack is repaired in a kind of cold spraying according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the use of sandblasting
Sand grains is Brown Alundum, dustless diamond dust or white fused alumina；Sand grains water content < 2% of the use of sandblasting；The sand grains grain of the use of sandblasting
Diameter is 0.05mm-0.15mm；When sandblasting, the compressed air of use is handled through cooling water and oil water separator；Sandblasting
For 0.2MPa-0.65MPa, air pressure luffing is 0.05MPa-0.1MPa for the air compressor machine air pressure used.
5. the method that fatigue crack is repaired in a kind of cold spraying according to claim 3, which is characterized in that when sandblasting, nozzle
It is 10-20mm to steel construction matrix surface vertical range, injection direction and steel construction matrix surface normal angle are 30 ° -10 °.
6. the method that fatigue crack is repaired in a kind of cold spraying according to claim 3, which is characterized in that step 3 it is specific
Process are as follows: the component of steel structure surface sandblasting is cleaned by ultrasonic, surface weakness particle is removed, then makes steel construction table with blowing
Face is dry.
7. the method that fatigue crack is repaired in a kind of cold spraying according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 2
In, steel construction Crack tip surface is carried out after improving roughness processing, steel construction Crack tip surface roughness is made to reach 20-
30μm。
8. the method that fatigue crack is repaired in a kind of cold spraying according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 4
In, use partial size for 15 ± 5 μm aluminium powder, the copper powder that partial size is 15 ± 5 μm or partial size be 10 ± 5 μm comminuted steel shot it is tired in steel construction
Labor Crack tip surface carries out cold spraying.
9. the method that fatigue crack is repaired in a kind of cold spraying according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the step 4
In, when cold spraying, main atmospheric pressure is 0.5-1.0MPa, powder feeding rate 10-18g/min, and spraying is 10- away from substrate distance
20mm, spraying movement speed are 5-20mm/s, and gas heating temperature is 200-500 DEG C.
10. the method that fatigue crack is repaired in a kind of cold spraying according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include step
Five, will be smooth in the metal particles deposition coating polishing of fatigue of steel structures Crack tip surface cold spraying formation in step 4, with
Stress is eliminated to concentrate.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110926975A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-03-27 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳飞机设计研究所 | Detection method for three-dimensional additive repair quality |
| CN110952083A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-04-03 | 广东省新材料研究所 | Preparation method of large-thickness printing roller copper coating |
| CN111036520A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-04-21 | 大连长丰实业总公司 | Method for in-situ reinforced repairing of airplane landing gear beam cracks |
| CN111441045A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-07-24 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Electron beam deposition nozzle and method |
| CN112522695A (en) * | 2020-10-06 | 2021-03-19 | 湖北超卓航空科技股份有限公司 | Method for repairing fatigue crack by cold spraying |
| CN112643033A (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-04-13 | 合肥通用机械研究院有限公司 | Additive manufacturing and repairing method for build-up welding cracks of hydrogenation reactor |
| CN114318328A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-04-12 | 国营芜湖机械厂 | Large steel component vertical surface in-situ repair equipment and repair method |
| CN115505918A (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2022-12-23 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Method for repairing fatigue crack of aeronautical structural part |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111036520A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-04-21 | 大连长丰实业总公司 | Method for in-situ reinforced repairing of airplane landing gear beam cracks |
| CN110952083A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-04-03 | 广东省新材料研究所 | Preparation method of large-thickness printing roller copper coating |
| CN110926975A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-03-27 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳飞机设计研究所 | Detection method for three-dimensional additive repair quality |
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| CN111441045B (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2024-03-22 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Electron beam deposition spray head and method |
| CN112522695A (en) * | 2020-10-06 | 2021-03-19 | 湖北超卓航空科技股份有限公司 | Method for repairing fatigue crack by cold spraying |
| CN112522695B (en) * | 2020-10-06 | 2023-02-28 | 湖北超卓航空科技股份有限公司 | Method for repairing fatigue crack by cold spraying |
| CN112643033A (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-04-13 | 合肥通用机械研究院有限公司 | Additive manufacturing and repairing method for build-up welding cracks of hydrogenation reactor |
| CN114318328A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-04-12 | 国营芜湖机械厂 | Large steel component vertical surface in-situ repair equipment and repair method |
| CN115505918A (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2022-12-23 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Method for repairing fatigue crack of aeronautical structural part |
| CN115505918B (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2024-06-04 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Repairing method for fatigue crack of aviation structural part |
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