CN114318328A - Large steel component vertical surface in-situ repair equipment and repair method - Google Patents
Large steel component vertical surface in-situ repair equipment and repair method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114318328A CN114318328A CN202111493842.1A CN202111493842A CN114318328A CN 114318328 A CN114318328 A CN 114318328A CN 202111493842 A CN202111493842 A CN 202111493842A CN 114318328 A CN114318328 A CN 114318328A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of laser cladding repair, in particular to a vertical plane in-situ repair device and a repair method for a large steel member, wherein the repair device comprises a mechanical arm; the left side surface and the right side surface of the box body are communicated, the left side surface is attached to a vertical damage surface of a to-be-repaired piece, the right side surface is provided with a rubber pad, a bin isolated from the outside is formed in the box body, and the end part of the mechanical arm penetrates through the rubber pad and extends into the box body; the laser is used for carrying out laser cladding repair and is arranged on the end part of the mechanical arm; and the cold spraying gun is used for cold spraying repair and is arranged on the end part of the mechanical arm. The cold spraying and laser cladding are integrated through the repair equipment, and the sealing performance of the bin is better ensured under the condition that the mechanical arm moves; the heat affected zone of the substrate on the vertical surface is reduced by cold spraying and laser cladding, so that the influence on the substrate on the vertical surface is reduced; and the cold spraying is repeated after the laser cladding, so that the internal stress is reduced, and the crack tendency caused by the laser cladding is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser cladding repair, in particular to equipment and a method for repairing a vertical surface of a large steel member in situ.
Background
The laser cladding technology can better repair the surface defects of the parts, recover the sizes of the parts and recover the performances of the parts to a certain extent by synchronously conveying or presetting materials (powder or wire materials) on the surfaces of the parts and performing high-energy density laser irradiation to melt surface materials to form a molten pool and rapidly cooling the molten pool to form a corresponding cladding layer.
Laser cladding techniques generally require horizontal placement of components for repair. Due to application and other related reasons, the placement position of part of large steel members cannot be changed, and only in-situ repair can be carried out. When the damaged surface is vertical, the most important problem of the laser cladding technology is that the whole repair process is influenced by gravity. By adopting the powder spreading mode, the powder can fall off on the vertical surface, and by adopting the synchronous powder feeding mode, the powder is more seriously splashed due to gravity, the defects of a cladding layer are more, and the repair performance is poorer.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problem, the invention provides equipment and a method for repairing a vertical surface of a large steel member in situ.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a large-scale steel component vertical surface in-situ remediation device comprises:
a mechanical arm;
the left side surface and the right side surface of the box body are communicated, the left side surface is attached to a vertical damage surface of a to-be-repaired piece, the right side surface is provided with a rubber pad, a bin isolated from the outside is formed in the box body, and the end part of the mechanical arm penetrates through the rubber pad and extends into the box body;
the laser is used for carrying out laser cladding repair and is arranged on the end part of the mechanical arm;
and the cold spraying gun is used for cold spraying repair and is arranged on the end part of the mechanical arm.
Preferably, the edges around the left side of the box body are provided with rubber rings.
Preferably, the front side of the box body is provided with a glass panel.
Preferably, the front side, the bottom surface, the top surface and the rear side of the box body are provided with exhaust valves.
Preferably, the lower part of the right side surface of the box body is provided with four air inlets, and the upper part of the right side surface of the box body is provided with an air outlet.
A repairing method using large steel component vertical plane in-situ repairing equipment comprises the following steps:
the left side face of the box body is tightly attached to a damaged area on the vertical face of the large steel member, an exhaust valve is closed, an air inlet is opened to input argon, the flow is 10-50L/min, the argon is exhausted from the exhaust port, and the air inlet time is 1 min;
secondly, closing the air inlet and the air outlet, starting the cold spraying gun, driving the cold spraying gun by the mechanical arm to perform cold spraying to the damaged area according to a preset path, simultaneously opening an exhaust valve to exhaust air in the box body, closing the cold spraying gun after the thickness of the coating reaches 50-200 mu m, and simultaneously closing the exhaust valve;
thirdly, opening an air inlet to input argon at the flow rate of 10-50L/min, and discharging the argon from an exhaust port for 1 min;
(IV) closing the air inlet and the air outlet, starting a laser, sweeping and spraying the coating by laser, and cooling to form a repairing layer;
fifthly, repeating the steps (a) to (four) to enable the repairing layer to be slightly thicker than the expected target, and finishing the cold spraying step;
and (VI) moving away the box body, and polishing the excessive repairing layers on the vertical surface of the large steel member to finish repairing.
As a further improvement of the repairing method in the invention, the process parameters of cold spraying in the step (II) are as follows: the spraying material is 420 stainless steel powder, the spraying gas is nitrogen, the spraying temperature is 500-750 ℃, and the spraying pressure is 2-4.5 MPa.
As a further improvement of the repair method in the invention, the laser cladding process parameters in the step (IV) are as follows: the laser power is 200-1000W, and the scanning speed is 400-4000 mm/min.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention integrates cold spraying and laser cladding through the repair equipment, and better ensures the sealing property of the bin under the condition of mechanical arm movement.
2. Argon is introduced to exhaust air before cold spraying, so that the formation of oxides in the laser cladding process is effectively reduced, and the repair layer has high repair quality.
3. Through cold spraying and laser cladding, a layer of spray coating which is well combined with the matrix and is compact can be formed in advance, so that the influence of gravity is overcome, the spray coating is attached to the matrix on the vertical surface, most energy can be absorbed in subsequent laser cladding, the heat affected zone of the matrix on the vertical surface is reduced, and the influence on the matrix on the vertical surface is reduced.
4. The cold spraying is repeated again after the laser cladding, so that the plastic toughness of the repaired layer is obviously increased, the internal stress is favorably reduced, the crack tendency caused by the laser cladding is reduced, the cold spraying process after the laser cladding plays a role in tempering every time, and the repaired vertical plane substrate does not need to be subjected to other heat treatment.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a repair apparatus of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a mechanical arm; 2. a box body; 3. a laser; 4. a cold spray gun; 5. a glass panel; 6. an exhaust valve; 7. a rubber ring; 8. an air inlet; 9. an exhaust port; 10. and (7) a rubber pad.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation features, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further explained in the following with the accompanying drawings and the embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the equipment for repairing the vertical surface of the large steel component in situ comprises a mechanical arm 1, a box body 2, a laser 3, a cold spraying gun 4, a glass panel 5, an exhaust valve 6, a rubber ring 7, an air inlet 8, an exhaust port 9 and a rubber pad 10.
Specifically, the left surface and the right surface of the box body 2 are communicated, the rubber ring 7 is arranged at the edge of the left surface of the box body 2, the rubber ring 7 is attached to a damage area on a vertical surface of a large steel member, a sealing effect is achieved, and a bin isolated from the outside is formed inside the box body 2.
The glass panel 5 is provided on the front side surface of the cabinet 2 for observing the inside of the cabinet 2.
The four exhaust valves 6 are correspondingly arranged on the front side, the bottom surface, the top surface and the rear side of the box body 2 respectively and used for exhausting.
The bottom of the box body 2 is provided with four support legs for supporting.
The air inlet 8 is equipped with four, and horizontal distribution is in the right flank lower part of box 2 side by side, gas vent 9 sets up on the right flank upper portion of box 2, rubber pad 10 sets up in the right flank middle part of box 2, and arm 1 is located the right side of box 2, and the tip of arm 1 passes rubber pad 10 and stretches into in the box 2, and the effect of rubber pad 10 lies in guaranteeing the inside leakproofness of box 2 promptly, can make arm 1 free motion again.
The laser 3 and the cold spraying gun 4 are correspondingly arranged on the end part of the mechanical arm 1 in the box body 2.
A repairing method using large steel component vertical plane in-situ repairing equipment comprises the following steps:
when repairing is started, the exhaust valve 6 is closed, argon is input from the air inlet 8, the flow is 10-50L/min, the gas is exhausted from the air outlet 9, and the air inlet time is 1 min. Because argon gas density is higher than the air, box 2 right flank lower part sets up air inlet 8, and upper portion sets up gas vent 9, is favorable to the discharge of air.
And (II) closing the air inlet 8 and the air outlet 9. Starting the cold spraying gun 4, driving the cold spraying gun 4 to carry out cold spraying on the damaged area on the vertical surface of the large steel component according to the preset path by the mechanical arm 1, wherein the technological parameters of the cold spraying are as follows: the spraying material adopts 420 stainless steel powder, the spraying gas adopts nitrogen, the spraying temperature is 500-750 ℃, and the spraying pressure is 2-4.5 MPa. And opening the four exhaust valves 6, exhausting the gas from the front surface, the bottom surface, the top surface and the back surface, and further exhausting the air in the bin.
The cold spraying in this step will form a denser cold sprayed coating that bonds well to the substrate. Before cold spraying, argon is introduced to exhaust air, so that the oxygen content in the gaps of the sprayed coating is reduced. After the thickness of the coating reaches 50-200 μm, the cold spray gun 4 is closed, and the exhaust valve 6 is closed.
And (III) opening the air inlet, inputting argon from the air inlet 8 at a flow rate of 10-50L/min, and exhausting the gas from the air outlet 9 for 1 min. Then, a laser 3 is opened, the laser sweeps and sprays the coating, and the laser cladding process parameters are as follows: the laser power is 200-1000W, and the scanning speed is 400-4000 mm/min. The coating and the matrix are both made of iron-based materials, the wettability is good, and the repairing layer and the matrix can achieve metallurgical bonding.
Air is well exhausted during laser cladding, argon and a small amount of residual nitrogen which are inert gases are mainly contained in the box body 2, and the formation of oxides in the laser cladding process is reduced, so that the repair layer has high repair quality. In addition, in the laser cladding process, due to the formation of a molten pool, the overflow of gas in the molten pool is facilitated under the action of Marangoni force, and a more compact repairing layer is formed after cooling.
And (IV) repeating the steps of cold spraying and laser cladding, and finally enabling the repairing layer to be slightly thicker than the expected target, wherein the step of cold spraying is taken as the finishing step. And (5) moving away the box body 2, and polishing the excessive repairing layers to finish repairing.
After each laser cladding, the repairing layer shrinks in volume in the process of changing from high temperature to room temperature to form surface tensile stress. And then cold spraying is carried out, and the powder particles impact the repair layer before high speed to form compressive stress, thereby being beneficial to the fatigue performance of the repaired sample. After laser cladding, solid solution can be formed due to rapid solidification, the repair layer has high hardness but poor ductility and toughness, and the temperature of subsequent cold spraying gas is 450-750 ℃, so that the temperature of the repair layer is increased, dislocation recovery and precipitation phase precipitation occur, solid solution strengthening is weakened, the ductility and toughness of the repair layer is obviously increased, the internal stress is reduced, and the crack tendency caused by laser cladding is reduced. The cold spraying process after each laser cladding plays a role in tempering, and the repaired layer does not need to be subjected to other heat treatment.
And cold spraying is carried out before laser cladding, a layer of compact spraying coating which is well combined with the matrix can be formed firstly, the action of gravity is overcome, the spraying coating is firmly fixed on the matrix, and in the laser cladding process, the compact spraying coating can absorb most of energy, so that the heat affected zone of the matrix is reduced, and the influence on the matrix is reduced.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a large-scale steel component perpendicular normal position repair equipment which characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
a robot arm (1);
the left side surface and the right side surface of the box body (2) are communicated, the left side surface is attached to a vertical damage surface of a to-be-repaired piece, the right side surface is provided with a rubber pad (10), a bin isolated from the outside is formed in the box body, and the end part of the mechanical arm (1) penetrates through the rubber pad (10) and extends into the box body (2);
the laser device (3) is used for carrying out laser cladding repair and is arranged on the end part of the mechanical arm (1);
and the cold spraying gun (4) is used for cold spraying repair and is arranged on the end part of the mechanical arm (1).
2. The vertical in-situ restoration device for the large steel component according to claim 1, wherein: the edge all around of the left side face of the box body (2) is provided with a rubber ring (7).
3. The vertical in-situ restoration device for the large steel component according to claim 1, wherein: the front side surface of the box body (2) is provided with a glass panel (5).
4. The vertical in-situ restoration device for the large steel component according to claim 1, wherein: the front side, the bottom, the top and the rear side of the box body (2) are all provided with an exhaust valve (6).
5. The vertical in-situ restoration device for the large steel component according to claim 1, wherein: the lower part of the right side surface of the box body (2) is provided with four air inlets (8), and the upper part is provided with an air outlet (9).
6. A repairing method using the vertical surface in-situ repairing equipment for the large steel component as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the left side surface of the box body (2) is tightly attached to a damaged area on the vertical surface of the large steel member, an exhaust valve (6) is closed, an air inlet (8) is opened to input argon, the flow is 10-50L/min, the argon is exhausted from an exhaust port (9), and the air inlet time is 1 min;
secondly, closing the air inlet (8) and the air outlet (9), starting the cold spraying gun (4), driving the cold spraying gun (4) to carry out cold spraying on the radial damaged area according to a preset path by the mechanical arm (1), simultaneously opening the exhaust valve (6) to exhaust air in the box body (2), closing the cold spraying gun (4) after the thickness of the coating reaches 50-200 mu m, and simultaneously closing the exhaust valve (6);
thirdly, opening an air inlet (8) to input argon, wherein the flow rate is 10-50L/min, discharging the argon from an air outlet (9), and the air inlet time is 1 min;
(IV) closing the air inlet (8) and the air outlet (9), starting the laser (3), performing laser sweeping spraying on the coating, and cooling to form a repairing layer;
fifthly, repeating the steps (a) to (four) to enable the repairing layer to be slightly thicker than the expected target, and finishing the cold spraying step;
and (VI) moving away the box body (2), and polishing the excessive repairing layers on the vertical surface of the large steel member to finish repairing.
7. The method for repairing the large steel member vertical surface in-situ repair equipment according to claim 6 is characterized in that: the process parameters of cold spraying in the step (II) are as follows: the spraying material is 420 stainless steel powder, the spraying gas is nitrogen, the spraying temperature is 500-750 ℃, and the spraying pressure is 2-4.5 MPa.
8. The method for repairing the large steel member vertical surface in-situ repair equipment according to claim 6 is characterized in that: the technological parameters of laser cladding in the step (four) are as follows: the laser power is 200-1000W, and the scanning speed is 400-4000 mm/min.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111493842.1A CN114318328A (en) | 2021-12-08 | 2021-12-08 | Large steel component vertical surface in-situ repair equipment and repair method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111493842.1A CN114318328A (en) | 2021-12-08 | 2021-12-08 | Large steel component vertical surface in-situ repair equipment and repair method |
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| CN114318328A true CN114318328A (en) | 2022-04-12 |
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| US4820900A (en) * | 1986-09-02 | 1989-04-11 | The Perkin-Elmer Corp. | Vacuum plasma spray system with sealed manipulator |
| CN208748201U (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2019-04-16 | 国营芜湖机械厂 | A kind of titanium alloy laser melting coating flexible gas protective device |
| CN109735839A (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2019-05-10 | 西安建筑科技大学 | A kind of method that fatigue crack is repaired in cold spraying |
| CN111005017A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-14 | 浙江工业大学 | Laser composite cold spraying in-situ nitridation strengthening method and cold spraying device |
| CN111225784A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2020-06-02 | 通用电气公司 | Movable molded assembly for use with additive manufacturing |
| CN113070490A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-07-06 | 华中科技大学 | Laser powder feeding and atmosphere repairing protection device |
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2021
- 2021-12-08 CN CN202111493842.1A patent/CN114318328A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4820900A (en) * | 1986-09-02 | 1989-04-11 | The Perkin-Elmer Corp. | Vacuum plasma spray system with sealed manipulator |
| CN111225784A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2020-06-02 | 通用电气公司 | Movable molded assembly for use with additive manufacturing |
| CN208748201U (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2019-04-16 | 国营芜湖机械厂 | A kind of titanium alloy laser melting coating flexible gas protective device |
| CN109735839A (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2019-05-10 | 西安建筑科技大学 | A kind of method that fatigue crack is repaired in cold spraying |
| CN111005017A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-14 | 浙江工业大学 | Laser composite cold spraying in-situ nitridation strengthening method and cold spraying device |
| CN113070490A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-07-06 | 华中科技大学 | Laser powder feeding and atmosphere repairing protection device |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 雷仕湛等: "《超音速火焰喷涂技术及应用》", 复旦大学出版社, pages: 400 - 402 * |
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