CN110926975B - Detection method for three-dimensional additive repair quality - Google Patents
Detection method for three-dimensional additive repair quality Download PDFInfo
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- CN110926975B CN110926975B CN201911251940.7A CN201911251940A CN110926975B CN 110926975 B CN110926975 B CN 110926975B CN 201911251940 A CN201911251940 A CN 201911251940A CN 110926975 B CN110926975 B CN 110926975B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/32—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/40—Investigating hardness or rebound hardness
- G01N3/42—Investigating hardness or rebound hardness by performing impressions under a steady load by indentors, e.g. sphere, pyramid
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/20—Metals
- G01N33/204—Structure thereof, e.g. crystal structure
- G01N33/2045—Defects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0073—Fatigue
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Abstract
The application provides a detection method for three-dimensional additive repair quality, which comprises the following steps: preparing an accompanying test piece, wherein the accompanying test piece and the component to be repaired have the same crack structure and are prepared by the same material and process; before spraying and repairing the component to be repaired, spraying and repairing the accompanying test piece to obtain a pre-repairing accompanying test piece, and after spraying and repairing the component to be repaired, spraying and repairing the accompanying test piece to obtain a repaired accompanying test piece; carrying out metallographic examination and fatigue test on the accompanying test piece before repair and the accompanying test piece after repair; if the metallographic examination and/or the fatigue test of at least one test piece in the test pieces before and after repair do not meet the requirements, the three-dimensional additive repair quality of the component to be repaired is unqualified; and if the metallographic examination and the fatigue test of the accompanying test piece before and after repair meet the requirements, the three-dimensional additive repair quality of the component to be repaired is qualified.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of fatigue strength tests, and particularly relates to a method for detecting three-dimensional additive repair quality.
Background
The main bearing component of the airplane body is easy to generate fatigue cracks due to large bearing load, and the flight safety is directly endangered once the main bearing component is damaged. The member has a complex structure, a narrow construction passage and is often in a fuel environment, and the limitation on the repair means of cracks is severe. The traditional bolt connection reinforcement and glue joint reinforcement repair modes, friction stir welding and the like are difficult to be sufficient. The method is based on a jet flow principle, and high-speed particle powder jet flow is formed by driving sprayed particle powder through high-pressure gas and is collided with a component to be repaired to generate severe plastic deformation, so that a deposition layer (a sprayed body) is formed on the surface of the component to be repaired.
Due to the fact that the material increase repairing process is complex, the range of related raw materials is wide, and uncertainty exists in the influence on repairing quality. Parameters that can affect repair quality are currently known to include particle powder quality, adjuvant quality, carrier gas quality, ambient temperature/humidity, equipment status, spray gun quality, and spray process parameters, among others. After the additive repairing, the influence of the factors cannot be effectively solved by the conventional nondestructive testing method. Therefore, a detection method capable of determining the quality of additive repair is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a method for detecting the quality of three-dimensional additive repair, so as to solve or reduce at least one problem in the background art.
The technical scheme provided by the application is as follows: a method of detecting quality of three-dimensional additive repair, the method comprising:
preparing an accompanying test piece, wherein the accompanying test piece and the component to be repaired have the same crack structure and are prepared by the same material and process;
before spraying and repairing the component to be repaired, spraying and repairing the accompanying test piece to obtain a pre-repair accompanying test piece, and after spraying and repairing the component to be repaired, spraying and repairing the accompanying test piece to obtain a repaired accompanying test piece;
carrying out metallographic examination and fatigue test on the accompanying test piece before and after repair;
if the metallographic examination and/or the fatigue test of at least one of the test piece before and after repair and the test piece after repair do not meet the requirements, the three-dimensional additive repair quality of the component to be repaired is unqualified; and if the metallographic examination and the fatigue test of the accompanying test piece before and after repair meet the requirements, the three-dimensional additive repair quality of the component to be repaired is qualified.
In the preferred embodiment of the present application, before the detection of the accompanying test piece, the method further comprises the powder inspection used for spraying, wherein the powder inspection comprises the detection of chemical components, powder particle sizes and particle size distribution, powder shapes and microhardness, and does not use the spraying powder which does not meet the requirements.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the spray repair thickness accompanying the test piece is not less than 5 mm.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the metallographic examination accompanying the test piece comprises:
no inclusion and crack exist in the spraying body, and the porosity is not more than a first value; the interface of the spraying body and the substrate of the accompanying test piece is not stripped or layered, and the interface pollution degree is not more than a second value; the vickers hardness value range is within a predetermined range.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the first value is 1%.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the second value is 10%.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the predetermined range is 130 to 145.
The method for detecting the three-dimensional additive repair quality has the characteristics of simplicity and high efficiency, and can accurately evaluate the three-dimensional additive repair quality through minimum resource consumption.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions provided in the present application, the drawings will be briefly described below. It is to be understood that the drawings described below are merely exemplary of some embodiments of the application.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional additive repair of the present application.
FIG. 2 is a graph of 1% porosity at 200 times magnification according to an embodiment of the present application.
FIG. 3 shows the interface contamination level at 200 times magnification according to an embodiment of the present application.
Wherein, 1-the substrate accompanying the test piece or the component to be repaired, 2-the upper side spray body after spray processing, 3-the lower side spray body after spray processing, and 4-the crack.
Detailed Description
In order to make the implementation objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.
In order to solve the problems pointed out in the background art, the application provides a method for detecting the three-dimensional additive repair quality, which can accurately evaluate the three-dimensional additive repair quality.
The detection method for the three-dimensional additive repair quality comprises the following steps:
first, powder detection before use
And (3) detecting chemical components, powder granularity and granularity distribution, powder shape, microhardness and the like of the sprayed powder by sampling, and ensuring the quality of the powder to be kept consistent.
In this embodiment, the member to be repaired is a 7-series aluminum alloy, and 7075 aluminum alloy powder is used for spraying. Every 25kg of 7075 aluminum alloy powder is randomly sampled and checked for one part before use, and the mass is not less than 50 g. The method comprises the following steps of detecting chemical components, powder granularity, granularity distribution, powder shape, microhardness and the like of the aluminum alloy powder:
1) the chemical components of the powder meet the 7075 aluminum alloy material standard, and the 7075 component meets the GB/T3190 standard;
2) the indexes of the powder particle size and the distribution D10, D50 and D90 thereof meet the design requirements;
3) the microhardness index meets the design requirement;
4) the powder is spherical or approximately spherical (aspect ratio is not more than 2), and the content is not less than 97%;
5) the powder appearance should not have obvious oxidation color particles and should not have visible inclusions;
6) 1 group of test pieces are sprayed on each 25kg of 7075 aluminum alloy powder before use for static test, the number of the test pieces is not less than 5, and the tensile strength is not lower than the specified tensile strength.
And when the inspection items all meet the requirements, the quality consistency of the powder of the batch is inspected to be qualified, and the powder can be used for three-dimensional additive repair. If any index is not qualified, the quality consistency test of the batch of powder is unqualified and the batch of powder cannot be used.
Second, detection of test pieces before additive repair
The method comprises the steps of preparing an accompanying test piece by using the same batch of main/auxiliary materials and the same equipment and the same process parameters for a product or a component to be repaired before three-dimensional additive repair, and inspecting the accompanying test piece, wherein the inspection items comprise metallographic inspection and fatigue test.
2.1) metallographic examination
And (3) carrying out metallographic examination by using a sample block made of the same material as the part to be repaired, and spraying by adopting the same process parameters as those of the sample block on the airplane, wherein the spraying thickness is not less than 5 mm. As shown in fig. 1, the area near the crack 4 on the base 1 is sprayed, and after spraying, a sprayed body 2/3 (a plane is formed after machining) is formed on the upper and lower surfaces thereof, and after spraying, the accompanying test piece is cut with reference to the relevant standard to perform a metallographic examination.
The detection of metallographic examination satisfies the following:
the sprayed body has no inclusion and crack, and the porosity is not more than 1% (the form is shown in figure 2); the interface between the sprayed body and the substrate is not peeled or layered, and the interface pollution degree is not more than 10 percent (the form is shown in figure 3); and (5) checking the hardness, wherein the Vickers hardness value range is 130-145.
2) Fatigue test
The accompanying test piece is made of the same material as the component to be repaired, a 1mm multiplied by 3mm wedge-shaped stress concentration area is formed in the middle of the accompanying test piece, and cracks with specified lengths can be naturally generated by loading periodic fatigue loads through a testing machine.
And (3) carrying out spraying repair on the accompanying test piece by using the same equipment and the same process parameters for the main/auxiliary materials in the same batch.
And (4) continuing performing a fatigue test according to a specified load spectrum, and judging that the test piece is qualified before additive repair along with the test before the spraying body does not crack and does not peel off the matrix before reaching a specified cycle number, so that formal additive repair work on structural damage can be carried out.
Third, accompanying test piece detection after additive repair
And (3) after the crack damage area of the component to be repaired is sprayed and repaired, preparing the accompanying test piece again by using the same main/auxiliary materials and the same equipment in the same batch and using the same process parameters, and repeating the second step of work.
And if the condition that the requirements are not met exists, judging that the quality of the component to be repaired after spraying repair is unqualified. The spraying body judged to be unqualified is cleaned, and the matrix cannot be damaged in the cleaning process. And after the cleaning, the additive repair can be carried out again.
It should be noted that, in order to recheck the spraying quality, the main/auxiliary materials used for spraying should be kept for future reference, which specifically includes:
1) the brown corundum used for sand blowing is not less than 10kg to be remained in each repair batch;
2)7075 aluminum alloy powder, wherein each batch of repair should be retained at not less than 2 kg;
3) the remained main/auxiliary raw materials should be sealed and stored in a constant temperature and constant humidity environment.
The detection method for the three-dimensional additive repair quality has the characteristics of simplicity and high efficiency, and can accurately evaluate the three-dimensional additive repair quality through minimum resource consumption.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present application should be covered within the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. A method for detecting quality of three-dimensional additive repair, the method comprising:
preparing an accompanying test piece, wherein the accompanying test piece and the component to be repaired have the same crack structure and are prepared by the same material and process;
before spraying and repairing the component to be repaired, spraying and repairing the accompanying test piece to obtain a pre-repair accompanying test piece, and after spraying and repairing the component to be repaired, spraying and repairing the accompanying test piece to obtain a repaired accompanying test piece;
carrying out metallographic examination and fatigue test on the accompanying test piece before repair and the accompanying test piece after repair;
if the metallographic examination and/or the fatigue test of at least one of the accompanying test piece before and after repair does not meet the requirements, the three-dimensional additive repair quality of the component to be repaired is unqualified; and if the metallographic examination and the fatigue test of the accompanying test piece before and after repair meet the requirements, the three-dimensional additive repair quality of the component to be repaired is qualified.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising, prior to inspecting the companion test piece, inspecting the powder used for spraying, wherein the powder inspection comprises chemical composition, powder particle size and particle size distribution, powder shape, microhardness testing, and wherein no unsatisfactory spray powder is used.
3. The inspection method according to claim 1, wherein the spray repair thickness accompanying the test piece is not less than 5 mm.
4. The inspection method of claim 3, wherein the metallographic examination of the accompanying test piece includes:
no inclusion and crack exist in the sprayed body, and the porosity is not more than a first value; the interface of the spraying body and the substrate of the accompanying test piece is not stripped or layered, and the interface pollution degree is not more than a second value; the vickers hardness values range within a predetermined range.
5. The detection method according to claim 4, wherein the first value is 1%.
6. The detection method according to claim 4, wherein the second value is 10%.
7. The detection method according to claim 4, wherein the predetermined range is 130 to 145.
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| CN201911251940.7A CN110926975B (en) | 2019-12-09 | 2019-12-09 | Detection method for three-dimensional additive repair quality |
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| CN201911251940.7A CN110926975B (en) | 2019-12-09 | 2019-12-09 | Detection method for three-dimensional additive repair quality |
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| CN110926975A CN110926975A (en) | 2020-03-27 |
| CN110926975B true CN110926975B (en) | 2022-07-15 |
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