CN101914660B - Composite strengthening method combining electron beam irradiation treatment with liquid shot blasting - Google Patents
Composite strengthening method combining electron beam irradiation treatment with liquid shot blasting Download PDFInfo
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- CN101914660B CN101914660B CN2010102478378A CN201010247837A CN101914660B CN 101914660 B CN101914660 B CN 101914660B CN 2010102478378 A CN2010102478378 A CN 2010102478378A CN 201010247837 A CN201010247837 A CN 201010247837A CN 101914660 B CN101914660 B CN 101914660B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a composite strengthening method combining Electron beam irradiation treatment with liquid shot blasting, belonging to the field of metal material surface strengthening technologies. By the composite strengthening method which is characterized by adopting high current pulsed electron beams to treat the austenitic stainless steel surface and combining with the subsequent shot blasting strengthening, the organization structure and the stress state of the austenitic stainless steel surface can be changed. The technological parameters of the high current pulsed electron beam irradiation treatment are as follows: the accelerating voltage is 20-30 KV, the energy density of the pulsed beams is 3-6 J/cm<2>, the distance between the material surface and an anode is 15-25 cm, the pulse width is 3-6 mu s, the number of times of bombardment is 8-20, and the working vacuum degree is not less than 3*10<-3> Pa. Shot blasting media used by the liquid shot blasting strengthening are water and ceramic shots, the concentration of the media is 8:1 to 20:1, the air pressure is 0.3-1.0 MPa, the time of blasting treatment is 10-28 s, the blasting distance is 5-35 cm, and the blasting angle is 30-90 DEG. The invention has the advantages of energy saving, environment protection, high efficiency, small workpiece deformation and high surface finish quality.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the metal material surface strengthening technologies field, what relate to is the composite strengthening method that a kind of austenitic stainless steel surface electronic bundle radiation treatment combines the liquid shot-peening.
Background technology
Austenitic stainless steel is a most important steel grade in the stainless steel.Because austenitic stainless steel has excellent advantages such as oxidation-resistance, solidity to corrosion, weldableness, mechanical property and formability, so all be widely used in fields such as oil, chemical industry, electric power, space flight and aviation, medical science, weavings.But because its hardness is lower, wear resisting property is relatively poor, has had a strong impact on the work-ing life of austenitic stainless steel component of machine, and its use in some occasions is restricted.In addition, austenitic stainless steel all exists with the austenite structure state when under room temperature state, using, and can't carry out surface Hardening Treatment with traditional heat treatment technics such as quench, modified.
Electron beam processing is to utilize the electron beam of high-energy-density that material is handled.The electron beam process for modifying surface is the seventies of a new developing technology, because electron beam has high-energy-density, is easy to control and adjusting, advantage such as pollution-free, makes it in material surface is handled, be able to use.Electron beam treatment is that a kind of selective area is handled, and its working process is similar to electrons leaves welding.From the electronics of gun cathode surface emitting, through quickening the back workpiece surface that directly bombardment need processing, the energy transformation of moment and deposition sharply raise bill of material surface layer temperature; And matrix still keeps cold conditions; After the electron beam end of radiation, to the matrix diffusion, surface layer temperatures sharply descends the heat of heating region rapidly; Thereby in surface reforming layer, form specific heating, process of cooling, be similar to conventional heat treatment process.Can make the metallic surface form ultra-fine grained structure and metastable state tissue like this, the strain hardening brought out of thermal stresses in addition, thus can improve the hardness and the wear resistance of material.With the said process is the basis, through formation, energy amplitude and the spatial distribution of control incident beam, has just constituted unique technology of electron beam surface modification treatment.But its weak point is that the electron beam surface modification treatment can only change the microtexture and the structure of zone, the nearly top layer of material micron dimension, and to the not influence of dark zone near the top layer, reach is narrow; And can not produce residual compressive stress in the material surface zone distributes.
Shot-peening is the tiny bullet striking work surface at room temperature that utilizes high-velocity jet; Make surface layer material under recrystallization temperature, produce bullet, viscous deformation; Present ideal weave construction and residual compressive stress and distribute, thus a kind of surface treatment method of raising workpiece fatigue strength and stress corrosion resistant ability.Shot-peening is divided into does spray and liquid shot-peening, and the liquid shot-peening grows up on dried spray basis, begins in recent years to receive publicity.The principle of work of liquid blasting (also claiming wet abrasive blasting and water sandblast) is: it is that sand (abrasive material) is placed water, with mill liquid pump and pressurized air, will grind the liquid high-velocity jet to processed workpiece through spray gun.In liquid blasting, the mill liquid pump is a feed power, and pressurized air is for quickening power.Liquid blasting makes workpiece surface form one deck liquid film, to get rid of the metal to-metal contact phenomenon, relaxes the impact of bullet to the surface, and it is more even that contact load is distributed.Because highly pressurised liquid has replaced high-pressure air, pill can be avoided dust pollution and can reduce the shot-peening noise with liquids recovery, in addition, can also improve the wearing quality of pill and nozzle.The advantage that the liquid shot peening strengthening has kept dried spray to strengthen on the one hand is on the other hand again owing to keeping liquid pressure invariable, therefore all superior than dry shotcreting method aspect reinforcement quality and strengthening stability.Blasting media used herein in addition is a ceramic pellet, because ceramic pellet hardness is big, percentage of damage is low, and polishing, cleaning are acknowledged as the blasting media of clean environment firendly.Though the liquid shot peening strengthening can make the top layer produce certain stress distribution, it is in the effect that does not reach electron beam treatment aspect the heterogeneous microstructure that changes the nearly top layer of material, the crystal grain thinning far away.
So; The present invention combines electron beam irradiation treatment technology and liquid shot peening strengthening, and has produced the effect of " 1+1＞2 ", more effectively strengthening metal material; Improve its surperficial intensity, hardness and wear resistance, the fatigue lifetime that also can improve material simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide the composite strengthening method that a kind of austenitic stainless steel surface electronic bundle radiation treatment combines the liquid shot-peening.The present invention adopts the high-current pulsed electron beam technology to combine the surface recombination reinforcing technology of liquid shot-peening, is used for austenitic stainless steel is carried out surface strengthening.Main method of the present invention is at first carrying out electron beam irradiation to austenitic stainless steel, and then the liquid shot peening strengthening is carried out on the surface after electron beam irradiation handled.
The present invention realizes that the technical scheme that aforesaid method is taked is: before reinforcement, at first material is carried out cleaning surfaces and handle; Material surface is carried out pre-grinding, polishing, cleans and dries up, with high-current pulsed electron beam equipment it is carried out the high-current pulsed electron beam radiation treatment then, making the top layer obtain microtexture is superfine crystal particle and even nanocrystalline tissue; The processing parameter that adopts is: acceleration voltage 20KV～30KV; Beam energy density 3J/cm2～6J/cm2, pending surface and anodic distance are 15～25cm, PW is 3～6 μ s; The number of times of bombardment is 8～20 times, working vacuum degree>=3 * 10
-3Pa.Afterwards, material surface is carried out the liquid shot peening strengthening, equipment used is a liquid sandblasting machine; Make the austenitic stainless steel material top layer produce required stress and distribute, and further improve the surface quality of material, the processing parameter of employing is: the medium of shot-peening is water and ceramic pellet; Concentration of medium is 8: 1～20: 1, and air pressure is 0.3～1.0MPa, and the time of inject process is 10～28s; Jet length is 5～35cm, and spray angle is 30 °～90 °.
Effect of the present invention and benefit are:
The material surface residual compressive stress distributes rationally, and workpiece deformation is little, and surface smoothness is high.High-current pulsed electron beam is handled the back and in the depth range of 1～10 micron of material surface, is formed thin crystal layer, and integral body does not produce distortion; In material surface 200～500 micrometer depth scopes, form residual compressive stress behind the liquid shot-peening, and can improve the surface smoothness of workpiece.In addition, said surface recombination reinforcing technology also has conserve energy, and processing efficiency is high, cleanliness without any pollution, the advantage that surface strengthening is effective.The present invention has combined the advantage of high-current pulsed electron beam surface treatment and two kinds of technologies of liquid shot peening strengthening, has produced the effect of " 1+1＞2 ", is a kind of novel method that is suitable for strengthening the austenitic stainless steel surface.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is the technical scheme schema that the present invention adopts.
Accompanying drawing 2 is pulsed electron beam surface-treated principle schematic.
Embodiment
Be described in detail embodiment of the present invention below in conjunction with technical scheme and accompanying drawing.
At first the austenitic stainless steel material surface was advanced pre-grinding, polishing, cleaned and dried up, then it was installed on the high-current pulsed electron beam equipment.
In conjunction with accompanying drawing 2; The working process of paired pulses electron beam is set forth in detail: guaranteeing under the prerequisite of working depth; Promptly keep the energy needed peak value, pulsation ground control energy input, the heat transfer capacity from process zone in the unit time reduces; Enter into processing district heat on every side when electron beam stops to shine, can spread rapidly.Like this, not only can avoid too much power loss, can increase speed of cooling effectively simultaneously, reduce the scope of heat affected zone.Because electron beam can reduce until the generation of avoiding metallic vapor with the pulsation output of utmost point short period of time, steam disappears when continuing irradiation, and electron beam just can not produce scattering like this.In addition, pulsed mode also can be improved incident electron area of beam energy density distribution to a great extent, has cut off the low energy densities part effectively, therefore can guarantee to obtain the electron beam of high-energy-density.
The used equipment of high-current pulsed electron beam radiation treatment is Nadezhda-2 type high-current pulsed electron beam equipment, opening device, and the setting acceleration voltage is 28KV, energy density is 4J/cm
2, material and anodic distance are 20cm, and the width of pulse is 4.5 μ s, carries out the pulsed electron beam radiation treatment, and the number of times of bombardment is 10 times.The concrete working process of this equipment is: the vacuum tightness in the working spaces reaches 5 * 10
-3During the Pa left and right sides; The tripping pulse that is at first provided by sequential control circuit is opened the electric supply installation of externally-applied magnetic field coil; Through 3.2 or 3.8ms (depending on 2～3 of magneticfield coil quantity) after; Magneticstrength reaches its peak value, and (1000～12000e/kV), start working in the spark plasma source, produces the anode spark plasma through spark discharge.Through behind about 2～3 μ s, plasma body is full of electronics accelerating gap and drift space.At this moment, the electron accelerating voltage that high-voltage pulse generator is generated leads on negative electrode, produces the blast electron emission in the plasma diode, thereby generates high-current pulsed electron beam.To the transporting of electron beam, about diode line more than 90% passes through from anode hole, acts on the workpiece surface that is fixed on the working target, produces corresponding electron beam surface modification effect through plasma body.After specified time interval, begin the cycle operation of next pulse again.
After the isopulse electron beam treatment finished, at last to applying liquid shot peening strengthening in fact, the equipment that the liquid shot peening strengthening is adopted was JY-120WB type liquid sandblasting machine, and concrete operating process is:
At first will after the test specimen after the electron beam modification is handled is with alcohol wash, be installed on the special anchor clamps; Mass ratio according to water and ceramic pellet is 10: 1; Add certain sustained release dosage and be made into mill liquid, the adjustment spray gun is 20cm apart from the distance of test specimen, and nozzle is perpendicular to the test specimen surface.Then anchor clamps are removed, opened air compressor machine, adjustment air pressure is to 0.4MPa.After all are ready, begin just spray of test specimen, injecting time is 18 seconds, and spray angle is 90 °.
Claims (1)
1. an austenitic stainless steel surface electronic bundle radiation treatment combines the composite strengthening method of liquid shot-peening; Said method is at first the austenitic stainless steel material surface to be carried out pre-grinding, polishing, clean and dried up; Then it is carried out electron beam irradiation and handle, at last the liquid shot peening strengthening is carried out on the surface; It is characterized in that: said electron beam irradiation is handled used processing parameter and is: acceleration voltage 20KV～30KV, beam energy density 3J/cm
2～6J/cm
2, material surface and anodic distance are 15～25cm, and PW is 3～6 μ s, and the number of times of bombardment is 8～20 times, working vacuum degree>=3 * 10
-3Pa; The blasting media that said liquid shot peening strengthening is adopted is water and ceramic pellet; Concentration of medium is that the mass ratio of said water and ceramic pellet is 8: 1～20: 1, and air pressure is 0.3～1.0MPa, and the time of inject process is 10～28s; Jet length is 5～35cm, and spray angle is 30 °～90 °.
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| CN2010102478378A CN101914660B (en) | 2010-08-02 | 2010-08-02 | Composite strengthening method combining electron beam irradiation treatment with liquid shot blasting |
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| CN2010102478378A CN101914660B (en) | 2010-08-02 | 2010-08-02 | Composite strengthening method combining electron beam irradiation treatment with liquid shot blasting |
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| CN101914660B true CN101914660B (en) | 2012-02-29 |
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| TWI546137B (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2016-08-21 | 財團法人金屬工業研究發展中心 | Metal substrate processing method |
| CN103977985A (en) * | 2014-05-05 | 2014-08-13 | 大连理工大学 | Compound cleaning method for reproducing components |
| CN104593782A (en) * | 2015-03-03 | 2015-05-06 | 沈阳理工大学 | Method for preparing alumel by adopting electron beam irradiation |
| CN107043954A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-08-15 | 安徽宝恒新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of stainless steel surfaces modification processing method |
| CN110877283A (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2020-03-13 | 昆山金百辰金属科技有限公司 | Hub polishing process |
| CN114559057B (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2023-11-10 | 上海工程技术大学 | Composite device and method for improving fatigue performance of additive manufacturing metal component |
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| US20090314824A1 (en) * | 2007-01-26 | 2009-12-24 | Kazuo Sawaguchi | Metal surface treatment method |
| CN101392382B (en) * | 2008-10-15 | 2010-08-11 | 江苏大学 | Method and device for strengthening surface modification by combination of laser cladding and laser peening |
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Assignee: Dalian Hydraulic Component Co., Ltd. Assignor: Dalian University of Technology Contract record no.: 2012210000053 Denomination of invention: Composite strengthening method combining Electron beam irradiation treatment with liquid shot blasting Granted publication date: 20120229 License type: Common License Open date: 20101215 Record date: 20120322 |
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