CN108838904A - A method of reducing structural metallic materials joint made by flame welding residual stress - Google Patents
A method of reducing structural metallic materials joint made by flame welding residual stress Download PDFInfo
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- CN108838904A CN108838904A CN201810747439.9A CN201810747439A CN108838904A CN 108838904 A CN108838904 A CN 108838904A CN 201810747439 A CN201810747439 A CN 201810747439A CN 108838904 A CN108838904 A CN 108838904A
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- gas
- residual stress
- weld seam
- metallic materials
- particle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
- B24C1/10—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for compacting surfaces, e.g. shot-peening
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B9/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor
- B24B9/02—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of materials specific to articles to be ground
- B24B9/04—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of materials specific to articles to be ground of metal, e.g. skate blades
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C5/00—Devices or accessories for generating abrasive blasts
- B24C5/02—Blast guns, e.g. for generating high velocity abrasive fluid jets for cutting materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C7/00—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts
- B24C7/0046—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts the abrasive material being fed in a gaseous carrier
Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of method for reducing structural metallic materials joint made by flame welding residual stress, hit simultaneously using heat gas and high-velocity particles stream weld metal zone and its near, by generating compression in joint surface, improves stress distribution, improve joint fatigue intensity and service life.Particle size is hit mostly between 10-100 μm, and the acceleration of particle can realize that gas pressure is generally 1.5-3.5MPa, and particle speed can reach 400-1000m/s by high pressure compressed gas (helium, nitrogen or compressed air).Furthermore it can according to need and gas is preheated, preheating temperature is generally 200-600 DEG C.Method high speed particle is hit and the combination of hot gas shock effect, can be effectively reduced or eliminate component residual tension, improves joint mechanical property, member for prolonging service life.The present invention is other than being used to regulate and control the residual stress of structural metallic materials joint made by flame welding, it may also be used for the various welding point residual stress distributions for improving other materials, to improve the security reliability of connector.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to structural metallic materials interconnection technique fields, and in particular to a kind of reduction structural metallic materials fusion welding
The method of head residual stress.
Background technique
Numerous industrial circles such as aerospace, petrochemical industry, automobile ship, pressure vessel, can be related to metal structure material
Expect interconnection technique.In welding, local heating expansion in weld metal zone cannot freely be extended by the constraint from weld seam compared with distal part,
So that weld metal zone is pressurized and generates plastic deformation；In subsequent cooling procedure, weld metal zone shrink, and by from weld metal zone compared with distal part
Constraint cannot freely shorten, thus postwelding generate residual tension.The presence of residual tension can not only reduce holding for component
Loading capability, can also precision to component and dimensional stability cause to significantly affect, meanwhile, residual tension is also to cause stress rotten
Lose the principal element of cracking.Therefore, it is necessary to take necessary measure to reduce or eliminate residual stress.
Reducing or eliminating postwelding residual stress mainly uses following methods at present：
(1) hammering method：Using the position of steel hammer hammering workpiece residual stress concentrations, answer workpiece surface by the pressure hammered
Power and local plastic deformation occurs, to reduce residual stress peak value, improve and balanced workpiece residual stress distribution.But the party
The control of hitting dynamics is more difficult when method operates, and dynamics is excessive to be easy to cause processing hardening and weld cracking.
(2) heat treating process：It is heated by butt-welding fitting entirety or part to reduce stress, reducing effect depends primarily on
Heating temperature, soaking time, weldment ingredient and tissue, cooling velocity etc..This method time-consuming is more, and is not suitable for larger part.
(3) vibratory drilling method：It is excited by vibration source and generates resonance, make to generate micro-plastic deformation inside metal structure to reduce
Stress.This method device therefor is simple, and processing cost is low, and the time is short.But not being recommended to use is preventing fracture and stress corrosion
On the structural member of failure.
(4) shot-peening method：Workpiece surface is bombarded using pellet and is implanted into residual compressive stress, improves workpiece fatigue strength.The party
Method is low in cost, easy to operate, but workpiece surface roughness can be made to increase, and corrosion resistance is deteriorated, and working environment is severe, unit
Yield is relatively low.
(5) disclosing application No. is 200910024032.4 patent a kind of reduces residual stress of ferromagnetic metal material
Method achievees the effect that reduce residual stress by pulse current and pulse magnetic field treatment ferromagnetic metal material, but the party
Method is only applicable to ferrimagnet, for nonferromugnetic material, cannot achieve the purpose for reducing residual stress.
(6) application No. is 93101690.8 patents to disclose a kind of dynamic control thin-plate element welding residual stress and change
The technology of shape.In the welding process of thin-plate element, after being atomized cooling medium using high pressure gas, follow welding heat source to still
Weld seam in the condition of high temperature carries out P-Coercive chilling.Exhaust tube by surrounding cooling medium nozzle is situated between cooling in time
The steam of matter and remaining cooling medium are drained, and can control the internal stress and deformation of welding section.But this method to weld seam into
When row forces chilling, it is easy to generate hardened structure in weld metal zone, or even crack, deteriorates joint performance.
(7) application No. is 201210248669.3 patent disclose it is a kind of using multi-pass welding interlayer welding waste heat it is auxiliary
The method for helping vibration to reduce thick plates residual stress.By shake before scanning, under subresonance frequency adjust exciting force obtain to
The intrinsic frequency of welder's part.After being soldered one layer, oscillating aging is carried out according to determining intrinsic frequency in the case where welding waste heat state
It handles to reduce the residual stress of slab weldment.But this method is not especially bright for the reduction of thin plate postwelding residual stress
It is aobvious, and it is directed to different materials, intrinsic frequency will be first determined before weldering, reduce production efficiency.
(8) it discloses a kind of holding intensity of aluminum alloy application No. is 201510295203.2 patent and reduces quenching remnants and answer
The ageing hot processing method of power.Will solid solution, after quenched aluminium alloy directly carries out level-one artificial aging, then to carry out second level artificial
Timeliness；Level-one timeliness is that aluminium alloy is carried out at least artificial aging in short-term three times, is come out of the stove air-cooled；Improve each artificial aging in short-term
Heating rate generates the stress field opposite with quenching state and answers to offset remnants to obtain the temperature field opposite with quenching process
Power.This method is particularly suitable for larger thickness, forging of regular shape and plate.But aluminium alloy is repeatedly made by heat during being somebody's turn to do
With easily causing microstructure coarsening.
(9) application No. is 201610180639.1 patents to disclose a kind of externally-applied magnetic field device control argon tungsten-arc welding
(TIG) system of connector residual stress.The electricity that longitudinal magnetic field acts on TIG weld is specifically generated by externally-applied magnetic field generating device
Arc, the charged particle in electric arc rotate under the action of externally-applied magnetic field to electric arc edge, and electric arc becomes bell shape from cone, electricity
Arc energy and current density become bimodal shape distribution, so as to cause the reduction of welding temperature field gradient, the distribution of welding residual stress
Improve.But this method is only applicable to TIG weld connector, and the stress distribution of other Solid-State Welding connectors can not be regulated and controled.
Summary of the invention
Technical problems to be solved：
In order to avoid the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention proposes that a kind of reduction structural metallic materials joint made by flame welding is remaining
The method of stress, in particular to using the high-velocity particles stream with certain temperature hit weld metal zone and its near, by connector
Surface generates compression, improves stress distribution, improves joint fatigue intensity and service life, while not will increase the surface of workpiece
Roughness.This method operating procedure is simple and convenient, have many advantages, such as low cost, short route, efficiently it is convenient, be easy to large-scale industry
Change application.
The technical scheme is that：A method of reducing structural metallic materials joint made by flame welding residual stress, feature
It is：Concrete operation step is as follows,
Step 1：Face of weld is pre-processed：First with sand paper polishing metal material weld seam and pending area, to
Remove impurity；Then the weld seam of metal material and the greasy dirt of pending area are removed with acetone or alcohol；
Step 2：Metallic is packed into powder feeder, the metal particle size is between 10-100 μm；
Step 3：High-pressure air source is connected, the acceleration gas pressure being passed through is 1.5-3.5MPa, and gas will be accelerated to pass through high pressure
Gas source a part is passed through the powder feeder, for pushing the metallic, so that its speed is reached 400-1000m/s, is formed high
Fast particle flux；Another part is passed through gas heater, and gas temperature is heated to 200-600 DEG C；
Step 4：Metal material is subjected to clamping by mechanical arm or mechanical device, it then will be described using processing rifle
Acceleration gas after high-velocity particles stream and heating sprays simultaneously, hits the weld seam and pending area of metal material；
Step 5：Decide whether to repeat the above steps by stress mornitoring result.
A further technical scheme of the invention is that：The acceleration gas is helium, nitrogen or compressed air.
A further technical scheme of the invention is that：The metallic is Cu, Ni, W or stainless steel.
Beneficial effect
According to an embodiment of the invention, this method is hit using high-velocity particles stream and the combination of hot gas shock effect, weld seam
And it after pending area is hit by high-velocity particles under the action of impacting with hot gas, is plastically deformed, stress obtains certain journey
Degree release, can be effectively reduced or eliminate component residual tension；The load bearing ability of component gets a promotion, and improves weld seam power
Performance is learned, fatigue strength increases substantially, and stress corrosion cracking is eased, member for prolonging service life.
Metallic selects size between 10-100 μm, in the weld seam on high-velocity particles stream striking work surface and to be processed
It will not influence its roughness when region, while being easy to deposit when metallic formation high-velocity particles stream striking work surface, can mention
High weld seam and pending area corrosion resistance；Method and process of the invention is simple compared with the existing technology, using processing rifle by institute
State high-velocity particles stream and heating after acceleration gas and meanwhile spray, hit the weld seam and pending area of metal material, a step can
Being completed at the same time reduces residual stress and raising corrosion resistance.The acceleration gas pressure being passed through is that 1.5-3.5MPa makes metallic
When formation speed is 400-1000m/s high-velocity particles stream, workpiece weld seam and pending area is enabled to be plastically deformed, together
When in weld seam and pending area generate compression, and then be effectively reduced or eliminate component residual tension.When gas temperature plus
When heat arrives 200-600 DEG C, high-velocity particles stream may be implemented in the good deposition of workpiece surface to be processed, while the temperature is to workpiece
Surface to be treated can generate certain annealing effect, which is also beneficial to the release of workpiece surface residual tension to be processed.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the principle of the present invention figure；
Fig. 2 is the working principle diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Description of symbols：1. powder feeder, 2. high-pressure air sources；3. gas heater；4. substrate；5. high-velocity particles stream；6.
Handle rifle, 7. pending areas, 8. weld seams.
Specific embodiment
The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary, it is intended to be used to explain the present invention, and cannot understand
For limitation of the present invention.
One, embodiment (one)：
The processing method of the present embodiment includes the following steps：
(1) 2219 aluminium alloy plates (300mm × 150mm × 8mm) VPTIG weld seam is beaten with the sand paper of 70#-400#
Mill, is degreased with acetone or alcohol, and pending area is that entire weld seam and weld seam two sides extend at 20mm to base material respectively；
(2) parameter selection：Metallic is Cu particle, and gas pressure 2.6MPa, preheating temperature is 400 DEG C, accelerates gas
Body selects nitrogen；
(3) Cu particle is packed into powder feeder, connects high-pressure air source, nitrogen pressure reaches 2.6MPa, nitrogen is passed through high pressure
Gas source a part is passed through the powder feeder, for pushing Cu particle, so that its speed is reached 400-1000m/s, forms high-velocity particles
Stream；Another part is passed through gas heater, after gas temperature is heated to 400 DEG C；
(4) sample is carried out by clamping by mechanical arm or mechanical device, then uses processing rifle by the high-velocity particles
Acceleration gas after stream and heating sprays simultaneously, hits the weld seam and pending area of metal material；
(5) circulation aforesaid operations are primary.
The result shows that：The peak stress of substrate is 152MPa when as-welded, hits the effect with hot gas impact in high-velocity particles
Under, the stress distribution of substrate is improved, maximum stress 25MPa, and more presentation compressive stress states around weld seam.
Two, embodiment (two)：
The processing method of this embodiment example includes the following steps：
(1) 2219 aluminium alloy plates (300mm × 150mm × 8mm) VPTIG weld seam is beaten with the sand paper of 70#-400#
Mill, is degreased with acetone or alcohol, and pending area is that the entire weld seam of tow sides and weld seam two sides are prolonged to base material respectively
It stretches at 20mm；
(2) parameter selection：Metallic is Cu particle, and gas pressure 2.0MPa, preheating temperature is 200 DEG C, accelerates gas
Body selects nitrogen；
(3) Cu particle is packed into powder feeder, connects high-pressure air source, nitrogen pressure reaches 2.0MPa, nitrogen is passed through high pressure
Gas source a part is passed through the powder feeder, for pushing Cu particle, so that its speed is reached 400-1000m/s, forms high-velocity particles
Stream；Another part is passed through gas heater, and gas temperature is heated to 200 DEG C；
(4) sample is carried out by clamping by mechanical arm or mechanical device, then uses processing rifle by the high-velocity particles
Acceleration gas after stream and heating sprays simultaneously, hits the weld seam and pending area of metal material；
(5) circulation aforesaid operations are primary.
The result shows that：The peak stress of substrate is 160MPa when as-welded, hits the effect with hot gas impact in high-velocity particles
Under, the stress distribution of substrate is improved, and front maximum stress is 18MPa, and reverse side maximum stress is 6MPa, and more around weld seam
Compressive stress state is presented.
Three, embodiment (three)：
The processing method of this embodiment example includes the following steps：
(1) it is polished with the sand paper of 70#-400# 2024 aluminium alloy plates (300mm × 150mm × 4mm) TIG weld seam,
It is degreased with acetone or alcohol, pending area is that entire weld seam and weld seam two sides extend at 20mm to base material respectively；
(2) parameter selection：Metallic is aluminium oxide particles, and gas pressure 2.6MPa, preheating temperature is 300 DEG C, is added
Fast gas selects nitrogen；
(3) aluminium oxide particles are packed into powder feeder, connect high-pressure air source, nitrogen pressure reaches 2.6MPa, nitrogen is passed through
High-pressure air source a part is passed through the powder feeder, for pushing aluminium oxide particles, so that its speed is reached 400-1000m/s, is formed
High-velocity particles stream；Another part is passed through gas heater, and gas temperature is heated to 300 DEG C；
(4) sample is carried out by clamping by mechanical arm or mechanical device, then uses processing rifle by the high-velocity particles
Acceleration gas after stream and heating sprays simultaneously, hits the weld seam and pending area of metal material；
(5) aforesaid operations are recycled twice.
The result shows that：As-welded peak stress is 103MPa, under the action of high-velocity particles hit and impact with hot gas, sample
Stress distribution is improved, maximum stress 8MPa, and more presentation compressive stress states around weld seam.
Four, embodiment (four)：
The processing method of this embodiment example includes the following steps：
(1) with the sand paper of 70#-400# to Q235 plate (300mm × 150mm × 4mm) gas metal-arc welding (MIG)
Weld seam is polished, and is degreased with acetone or alcohol, and pending area is that entire weld seam and weld seam two sides are prolonged to base material respectively
It stretches at 20mm；
(2) parameter selection：Metallic is stainless steel particle, and gas pressure 3.0MPa, preheating temperature is 200 DEG C, is added
Fast gas selects nitrogen；
(3) stainless steel particle is packed into powder feeder, connects high-pressure air source, nitrogen pressure reaches 3.0MPa, nitrogen is passed through
High-pressure air source a part is passed through the powder feeder, for pushing aluminium oxide particles, so that its speed is reached 400-1000m/s, is formed
High-velocity particles stream；Another part is passed through gas heater, and gas temperature is heated to 200 DEG C；
(4) sample is carried out by clamping by mechanical arm or mechanical device, then uses processing rifle by the high-velocity particles
Acceleration gas after stream and heating sprays simultaneously, hits the weld seam and pending area of metal material；
(5) circulation aforesaid operations are primary.
The result shows that：As-welded peak stress is 186MPa, under the action of high-velocity particles hit and impact with hot gas, sample
Stress distribution is improved, maximum stress 23MPa, and more presentation compressive stress states around weld seam.
Five, embodiment (five)：
The processing method of the present embodiment includes the following steps：
(1) 2219 aluminium alloy plates (300mm × 150mm × 8mm) VPTIG weld seam is beaten with the sand paper of 70#-400#
Mill, is degreased with acetone or alcohol, and pending area is that entire weld seam and weld seam two sides extend at 20mm to base material respectively；
(2) parameter selection：Metallic is Cu particle, and gas pressure 2.6MPa, preheating temperature is 600 DEG C, accelerates gas
Body selects nitrogen；
(3) Cu particle is packed into powder feeder, connects high-pressure air source, nitrogen pressure reaches 2.6MPa, nitrogen is passed through high pressure
Gas source a part is passed through the powder feeder, for pushing Cu particle, so that its speed is reached 400-1000m/s, forms high-velocity particles
Stream；Another part is passed through gas heater, and gas temperature is heated to 600 DEG C；
(4) sample is carried out by clamping by mechanical arm or mechanical device, then uses processing rifle by the high-velocity particles
Acceleration gas after stream and heating sprays simultaneously, hits the weld seam and pending area of metal material；
(5) circulation aforesaid operations are primary.
The result shows that：The peak stress of substrate is 140MPa when as-welded, hits the effect with hot gas impact in high-velocity particles
Under, the stress distribution of substrate is improved, maximum stress 38MPa, and stress distribution is more uniform, gentle.
Although the embodiments of the present invention has been shown and described above, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example
Property, it is not considered as limiting the invention, those skilled in the art are not departing from the principle of the present invention and objective
In the case where can make changes, modifications, alterations, and variations to the above described embodiments within the scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of method for reducing structural metallic materials joint made by flame welding residual stress, it is characterised in that：Concrete operation step is as follows,
Step 1：Face of weld is pre-processed：First with sand paper polishing metal material weld seam and pending area, to remove
Impurity；Then the weld seam of metal material and the greasy dirt of pending area are removed with acetone or alcohol；
Step 2：Metallic is packed into powder feeder, the metal particle size is between 10-100 μm；
Step 3：High-pressure air source is connected, the acceleration gas pressure being passed through is 1.5-3.5MPa, and gas will be accelerated to pass through high-pressure air source
A part is passed through the powder feeder, for pushing the metallic, so that its speed is reached 400-1000m/s, forms high speed grain
Subflow；Another part is passed through gas heater, and gas temperature is heated to 200-600 DEG C；
Step 4：Metal material is subjected to clamping by mechanical arm or mechanical device, then uses processing rifle by the high speed
Acceleration gas after particle flux and heating sprays simultaneously, hits the weld seam and pending area of metal material；
Step 5：Decide whether to repeat the above steps by stress mornitoring result.
2. reducing the method for structural metallic materials joint made by flame welding residual stress according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Acceleration gas is helium, nitrogen or compressed air.
3. reducing the method for structural metallic materials joint made by flame welding residual stress according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Metallic is Cu, Ni, W or stainless steel.
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| CN110421045A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-11-08 | 大冶市同创不锈钢金属材料有限公司 | A kind of sheet stamping device and process for stamping |
| CN112757168A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-05-07 | 浙江来福谐波传动股份有限公司 | High-speed kinetic energy microparticle composite shot blasting surface strengthening process |
| CN112935256A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-06-11 | 四川大学 | Method for modifying non-ferromagnetic powder sintered metal parts based on pulsed magnetic field |
| CN113239477A (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-08-10 | 四川大学 | Application of cyclic hardening model based on welding line dislocation entanglement in fatigue life prediction of welding joint |
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| CN113239477A (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-08-10 | 四川大学 | Application of cyclic hardening model based on welding line dislocation entanglement in fatigue life prediction of welding joint |
| CN113239477B (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2023-05-02 | 四川大学 | Application of cyclic hardening model based on dislocation entanglement of weld joint in fatigue life prediction of welded joint |
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