CN109943842A - The processing method and metal-base composites of material surface high hardness wear-resisting composite layer - Google Patents
The processing method and metal-base composites of material surface high hardness wear-resisting composite layer Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides the processing methods and metal-base composites of material surface high hardness wear-resisting composite layer, which comprises step S1: the hard particles of the selected metal material as matrix and implantation described matrix；Step S2: described matrix surface derusting is handled and is cleaned up；Step S3: the pre-heat treatment is carried out to described matrix surface；Step S4: accelerating the hard particles using high pressure gas, and the high pressure gas generates supersonic flow by Lavalle Laval nozzle, and the hard particles are sent into the supersonic flow from the axial direction of the Laval nozzle and obtain high-velocity particles stream；The high-velocity particles stream hits described matrix surface and is implanted into inside described matrix, and the high hardness wear-resisting composite layer that the hard particles are evenly distributed is made on described matrix surface.Processing method of the invention is efficient, inexpensive, simple, can effectively improve the wearability of metal base.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of material surface treatment, more particularly to adding for material surface high hardness wear-resisting composite layer
Work method and based on metal-base composites made from the processing method.
Background technique
With the fast development of science and technology, raising of the people to metal material surface characteristics widens its function, extends it
More stringent requirements are proposed for service life, especially under the conditions ofs high temperature, high pressure, high speed, heavy duty, corrosive medium etc..A large amount of gold
Belong to structural member failure damage be often caused by the service condition of not competent harshness in the surface of components, because fatigue, rub,
The problems such as abrasion, leads to its failure damage before reaching design service life far away, the halt production of complete equipment is eventually led to, to work
Industry production causes heavy economic losses.Therefore, it is necessary to carry out surface modification treatment to molding metal material, improve its superficiality
Can, its intensity, rub resistance, abrasion and corrosion resistance are further increased, and then realize the higher application value of metal material.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides the processing method and metal-base composites of material surface high hardness wear-resisting composite layer, processing side
Method is efficient, inexpensive, simple, can effectively improve the wearability of metal base.
To solve the above-mentioned problems, described the invention discloses the processing method of material surface high hardness wear-resisting composite layer
Method includes:
Step S1: the hard particles of the selected metal material as matrix and implantation described matrix；
Step S2: described matrix surface derusting is handled and is cleaned up；
Step S3: the pre-heat treatment is carried out to described matrix surface；
Step S4: accelerate the hard particles using high pressure gas, the high pressure gas is produced by Lavalle Laval nozzle
The hard particles are sent into the supersonic flow from the axial direction of the Laval nozzle and obtain high-velocity particles stream by raw supersonic flow；
The high-velocity particles stream hits described matrix surface and is implanted into inside described matrix, and the hard is made on described matrix surface
The high hardness wear-resisting composite layer that grain is evenly distributed.
Optionally, the metal material is pure Al alloys andMg alloys, aluminium alloy, titanium alloy or copper alloy；
The material of the hard particles is stainless steel, tungsten carbide wc, molybdenum Mo or tungsten W.
Optionally, the partial size of the hard particles is greater than 5 microns.
Optionally, the ratio of the hard particles hardness and described matrix hardness is greater than 1.5:1.
Optionally, include: to the step of described matrix surface progress the pre-heat treatment
The pre-heat treatment is carried out to described matrix surface using high frequency, heat transfer or heat radiation method.
Optionally, the pre-heat treatment temperature in described matrix surface is less than the recrystallization temperature of described matrix material.
Optionally, which comprises
The hard particles are accelerated to the speed greater than 200m/s using the high pressure gas.
Optionally, the high pressure gas includes at least one of nitrogen, argon gas or helium.
Optionally, the thickness of the high hardness wear-resisting composite layer is greater than 0.5mm.
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention also discloses metal-base composites, the metal-base composites is based on
Above-mentioned processing method is made, and the film on metal matrix composite surface has residual compressive stress layer.
Compared with prior art, the present invention includes the following advantages:
The present invention accelerates hard particles using high pressure gas, obtains high-velocity particles stream, using described in the shock of high-velocity particles stream
Hard particles are implanted into inside described matrix, the high hardness wear-resisting that the hard particles are evenly distributed are made with this by matrix surface
Composite layer is remarkably improved the wearability of metal material；
Processing method of the invention only 4 steps, entire processing flow is relatively simple, using such as air, or such as nitrogen, argon
The uncontaminated gases such as at least one of gas or helium are processed, and processing cost is lower and very environmentally friendly.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the step flow chart of the processing method of material surface high hardness wear-resisting composite layer of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of metal-base composites of the present invention；
Appended drawing reference of the invention includes:
1- matrix, 2- hard particles.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the foregoing objectives, features and advantages of the present invention clearer and more comprehensible, with reference to the accompanying drawing and specific real
Applying mode, the present invention is described in further detail.
Currently, the method for improving metal material surface wearability mainly includes at metal-base composites (MMCs) and surface
Reason method.
MMCs preparation method has in the prior art: powder metallurgy composite algorithm, including thermal sintering method, sintering base add modeling method
Shape method, casting solidification method of forming etc..It is above-mentioned using hard particles incorporation metallic matrix manufacture MMCs processing technology compared with
Be it is complicated and difficult, need to take a substantial amount of time and money, and be difficult to only obtain MMCs coating in substrate surface.
And common metal material surface treatment process, as differential arc oxidation, anodic oxidation, chemical conversion film process, plating,
Laser melting coating, vapor deposition and thermal spraying etc., although the wearability of metal material is improved, the thickness of film or coating
Mechanical performance will limit its application and these methods there are certain environment pollutions.Therefore, efficient, inexpensive, simple and ring is needed
The surface reinforcing method of guarantor improves the surface property of metal material, improves its wearability.
For the analysis of prior art problem, referring to Fig.1, invention shows material surface high hardness wear-resisting composite layers
The step flow chart of processing method, the method can specifically include following steps:
Step S1: the hard particles 2 of the selected metal material as matrix 1 and implantation described matrix 1；
The selected metal material as matrix 1 of the present invention can be fine aluminium, magnesium alloy, aluminium alloy, titanium alloy or copper alloy；
The material of the hard particles 2 is stainless steel, tungsten carbide wc, molybdenum Mo or tungsten W.
2 shape of hard particles is spherical, subsphaeroidal, polygonal or irregular shape, and 1 geomery of described matrix is unlimited
System.
The partial size of the hard particles 2 is greater than 5 microns.The ratio of 2 hardness of hard particles and 1 hardness of described matrix is big
In 1.5:1.Impact dynamics and impact effect when can guarantee that hard particles 2 are implanted into described matrix 1 with this.
Step S2: 1 surface derusting of described matrix is handled and is cleaned up；
Next, pre-processed to 1 surface of described matrix, pretreatment most significant steps be to 1 surface of described matrix into
Row processing of rust removing.
The step of processing of rust removing, can specifically include:
1 surface of described matrix is cleaned by ultrasonic using organic solvent；
Wherein, the organic solvent is acetone or dehydrated alcohol.
Processing of rust removing method of the invention organically combines organic solvent infusion method and ultrasonic cleaning, utilizes supersonic oscillations
Mechanical energy make to generate countless minute bubbles in organic solvent, these minute bubbles formation, growth and closure when generate it is powerful
Mechanical force is detached from the oxide skin of workpiece surface, corrosion dirt rapidly, to accelerate descaling process, improves the derusting speed of matrix 1
Degree and effect.
Step S3: the pre-heat treatment is carried out to 1 surface of described matrix；
In an alternate embodiment of the present invention, shows the step of the pre-heat treatment is carried out to 1 surface of described matrix and specifically may be used
To include:
The pre-heat treatment is carried out to 1 surface of described matrix using high frequency, heat transfer or heat radiation method.
Preferably, the heat source of the heat radiation method is laser or infrared.
The present invention may make 1 surface of matrix to soften, the implantation for subsequent hard particles 2 of being more convenient for by the pre-heat treatment.Specifically
When realization, described matrix surface the pre-heat treatment temperature is less than the recrystallization temperature of described matrix material.The pre-heat treatment and hard
The seeds implanted of grain 2 can be carried out almost simultaneously, that is, matrix 1 has been preheated before injecting, and matrix 1 preheats when seeds implanted carries out
Still carrying out.
Step S4: accelerate the hard particles 2 using high pressure gas, the high pressure gas passes through Lavalle Laval nozzle
Supersonic flow is generated, the hard particles 2 are sent into the supersonic flow from the axial direction of the Laval nozzle and obtain high-velocity particles
Stream；The high-velocity particles stream hits 1 surface of described matrix and is implanted into inside described matrix 1, is made described on 1 surface of described matrix
The high hardness wear-resisting composite layer that hard particles 2 are evenly distributed.
After 1 the pre-heat treatment of matrix, by hard particles 2 and matrix 1 it is compound before, first using the high pressure gas by institute
It states hard particles 2 and accelerates to speed greater than 200m/s.The present invention is implanted in matrix 1 after accelerating particle based on kinetic energy high speed
(similar bullet) is implanted into hard particles 2 on 1 surface of 60*60*20mm matrix, and whole process only needs 2 seconds, and matrix 1 can keep solid
State does not need melt processed.
In actual processing, air is can be used in above-mentioned high pressure gas, as the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the high pressure gas
Body includes at least one of nitrogen, argon gas or helium.Nitrogen, argon gas or helium belong to the inert gas of no color or smell, change
Property torpescence is learned, under usual state not in conjunction with other elements or compound, is not easy to generate chemical reaction in process,
Advantageously reduce manufacture difficulty.
Then, nozzle is inswept in 1 surface average rate of matrix, and high-velocity particles stream hits 1 surface of described matrix, this like-particles can
To be evenly distributed in 1 surface of matrix.The high-speed impact of hard particles 2 makes metallic substrate surface that severe plastic deformation occur,
Dislocation cross-slip, dislocation, which are climbed, and new crystal grain is grown up causes plastic history Dislocations density and dislocation to be rised in value, so that base
Material surface hardness greatly improves, and forms the high hardness wear-resisting composite layer that hard particles 2 are evenly distributed, the raising of hardness can
It is obviously improved the wearability of metal material, and crystal grain refinement is improved metal material mechanics performance.
In a preferred embodiment, the implantation depth for showing the hard particles 2 is greater than 0.5mm, is obtained
The high hardness wear-resisting composite layer thickness be greater than 0.5mm.
To sum up, compared to traditional MMCs processing method, the present invention creatively uses high pressure gas to accelerate hard particles 2,
High-velocity particles stream is obtained, 1 surface of described matrix is hit using high-velocity particles stream, hard particles 2 is implanted into inside described matrix 1,
The high hardness wear-resisting composite layer that the hard particles 2 are evenly distributed is made with this, is remarkably improved the wear-resisting of metal material
Property.Processing method of the invention only 4 steps, entire processing flow is relatively simple, using such as air, or as nitrogen, argon gas or
The uncontaminated gases such as at least one of helium are processed, and processing cost is lower and very environmentally friendly.
In addition, the present invention also shows metal-base composites, and the metal-base composites is based on Fig. 1's referring to Fig. 2
A kind of processing method of material surface high hardness wear-resisting composite layer is obtained, and the film on metal matrix composite surface has residual compressive stress
Layer.The thickness of the residual compressive stress layer is greater than 0.5mm.
Composite material produced by the present invention effectively combines shot peening strengthening and metal-base composites strengthening effect, so that metal
Severe plastic deformation occurs for substrate surface, and composite material and 1 microhardness of matrix greatly improve, and material surface is distributed higher magnitude
Residual compressive stress layer, the thickness of the residual compressive stress layer is greater than 0.5mm, which effectively increases Metal Substrate
The antisticking abrasion of composite material and antifatigue abrasion.
Next, in order to further verify exploitativeness of the invention, using Examples 1 to 6 to technical side of the invention
Case is illustrated.
Embodiment 1:
Step 1: pure aluminum material is chosen as matrix 1, and the hard particles 2 for being implanted into described matrix 1 can be selected:
Or the tungsten carbide wc that partial size is 5~70 microns；
Or the tungsten W particle that partial size is 5~60 microns；
Step 2: ultrasonic cleaning processing being carried out to pure aluminum substrate 1 with dehydrated alcohol before experiment.
Step 3: the pre-heat treatment, preheating temperature 100 being carried out to matrix 1 before experiment and in experiment with electric heating device
℃。
Step 4: selecting nitrogen as gas is accelerated, wherein accelerating gas pressure is 2MPa, gas temperature is 100 DEG C.
(1) when the hard particles of selection 2 are tungsten carbide wc, processing method can are as follows:
Using high pressure nitrogen as accelerating gas to accelerate WC particle, high pressure nitrogen generates Supersonic by Laval nozzle
WC particle is sent into the supersonic flow from the axial direction of the nozzle and obtains WC high-velocity particles stream by speed stream；WC high-velocity particles stream is hit
1 surface of pure aluminum substrate is hit, is implanted into inside pure aluminum substrate 1, obtains WC/Al composite material in homogeneous thickness.
Composite coating microscopic appearance is characterized using TESCAN scanning electron microscope (SEM), finds WC/Al composite layer
Thickness is about 0.5mm.Using Japanese KYOWA production friction wear testing machine to the polishing machine of WC/Al composite layer into
Row test, as a result, it has been found that the abrasion of WC/Al composite material is slight, mild wear occurs for the WC particle only protruded on a small quantity；And not
The pure aluminum substrate 1 of processing is worn extremely serious, and strong plastic deformation has occurred in matrix 1, occur on wear surface a large amount of ditch dug with a plows and
Phenomenon is curled in serious corrugation.Show that the implantation of hard WC particle effectively improves the wearability of pure aluminum substrate 1.
(2) when the hard particles of selection 2 are tungsten W particle, processing method can are as follows:
Using high pressure nitrogen as accelerating gas to accelerate tungsten W particle, high pressure nitrogen generates Supersonic by Laval nozzle
Tungsten W particle is sent into the supersonic flow from the axial direction of the nozzle and obtains tungsten high-velocity particles stream by speed stream；Tungsten high-velocity particles stream is hit
1 surface of pure aluminum substrate is hit, is implanted into inside pure aluminum substrate 1, obtains W/Al composite material in homogeneous thickness.
W/Al composite material microscopic appearance is characterized using TESCAN scanning electron microscope (SEM), finds W/Al composite wood
Thickness of feed layer is about 0.7mm；Using HXD-1000TMC/LCD full-automatic microhardness test system and test W/Al composite material
Microhardness, discovery W/Al composite layer hardness are greater than 300HV.The friction wear testing machine pair produced using Japanese KYOWA
The polishing machine of W/Al composite layer is tested, as a result, it has been found that the abrasion of W/Al composite material is slight, only a small amount of protrusion
Tungsten particle wear；And untreated pure aluminum substrate 1 is worn extremely serious, strong plastic deformation has occurred in matrix 1, mill
Occur ditch dug with a plow on damage face, scale off, avulsion sign.Show that the implantation of hard tungsten particle can effectively improve the resistance to of pure aluminum substrate 1
Mill property.
Embodiment 2:
Step 1: pure aluminum material is chosen as matrix 1, and the hard particles 2 for being implanted into described matrix 1 can be selected:
The spherical 316L stainless steel that partial size is 10~50 microns；
Or the tungsten carbide wc that partial size is 5~70 microns；
Or the molybdenum Mo that partial size is 5~60 microns；
Step 2: ultrasonic cleaning processing being carried out to pure aluminum substrate 1 with dehydrated alcohol before experiment.
Step 3: the pre-heat treatment, heating spot of the laser on matrix being carried out to matrix 1 before experiment and in experiment with laser
Point effective area is 3mm2, energy density 300mW/cm2, particle injects metal material surface region and laser heating dot weight
Folded, movement speed is identical as Laval nozzle movement speed.
Step 4: selecting nitrogen as gas is accelerated, wherein accelerating gas pressure is 3MPa, gas temperature is 500 DEG C.
(1) when the hard particles of selection 2 are stainless steel, processing method can are as follows:
Using high pressure nitrogen as accelerating gas to accelerate the stainless steel particles of 316L, high pressure nitrogen passes through Laval nozzle
Supersonic flow is generated, the stainless steel particles of 316L are sent into the supersonic flow from the axial direction of the nozzle and obtain stainless steel high speed grain
Subflow；Stainless steel high-velocity particles stream hits 1 surface of pure aluminum substrate, is implanted into inside pure aluminum substrate 1, obtains in homogeneous thickness
316L/Al composite material.
316L/Al composite material microscopic appearance is characterized using TESCAN scanning electron microscope (SEM), finds 316L/Al
Composite layer thickness is about 1.1mm；Using HXD-1000TMC/LCD full-automatic microhardness test system and test 316L/Al
The microhardness of composite material, discovery 316L/Al composite layer hardness are greater than 450HV.The friction produced using Japanese KYOWA
Abrasion tester tests the polishing machine of 316L/Al composite layer, as a result, it has been found that the abrasion of 316L/Al composite material
Slightly, the stainless steel particle only protruded on a small quantity is worn, and the very narrow depth of polishing scratch is only 4 microns, almost can be ignored；
And untreated pure aluminum substrate 1 is worn extremely serious, matrix 1 has occurred strong plastic deformation, occurs a large amount of ploughs on wear surface
Phenomenon is curled in ditch and serious corrugation, and wherein wear scar width is 1604 microns, and Wear track depth is 84 microns.Show hard stainless steel
The implantation of particle can effectively improve the wearability of pure aluminum substrate 1.
(2) when the hard particles of selection 2 are tungsten carbide wc, processing method can are as follows:
Using high pressure nitrogen as accelerating gas to accelerate WC particle, high pressure nitrogen generates Supersonic by Laval nozzle
WC particle is sent into the supersonic flow from the axial direction of the nozzle and obtains WC high-velocity particles stream by speed stream；WC high-velocity particles stream is hit
1 surface of pure aluminum substrate is hit, is implanted into inside pure aluminum substrate 1, obtains WC/Al composite material in homogeneous thickness.
Composite coating microscopic appearance is characterized using TESCAN scanning electron microscope (SEM), finds WC/Al composite layer
Thickness is about 1.3mm.Using Japanese KYOWA production friction wear testing machine to the polishing machine of Mo/Al composite layer into
Row test, as a result, it has been found that the abrasion of WC/Al composite material is slight, mild wear, polishing scratch occur for the WC particle only protruded on a small quantity
Depth width almost can be ignored；And untreated pure aluminum substrate 1 is worn extremely serious, strong modeling has occurred in matrix 1
Property deformation, occur a large amount of ditch dug with a plows on wear surface and phenomenon curled in serious corrugation, wherein wear scar width is 1604 microns, and polishing scratch is deep
Degree is 84 microns.Show that the implantation of hard WC particle effectively improves the wearability of pure aluminum substrate 1.
(3) when the hard particles of selection 2 are molybdenum Mo, processing method can are as follows:
Using high pressure nitrogen as accelerating gas to accelerate Mo particle, high pressure nitrogen generates Supersonic by Laval nozzle
The Mo particle is sent into the supersonic flow from the axial direction of the nozzle and obtains Mo high-velocity particles stream by speed stream；Mo high-velocity particles
Stream hits 1 surface of pure aluminum substrate, is implanted into inside pure aluminum substrate 1, obtains Mo/Al composite material in homogeneous thickness.
Mo/Al composite material microscopic appearance is characterized using TESCAN scanning electron microscope (SEM), discovery Mo/Al is compound
Layer thickness is about 1.2mm.Abrasion using the friction wear testing machine of Japanese KYOWA production to Mo/Al composite layer
Performance is tested, as a result, it has been found that the abrasion of Mo/Al composite material is slight, the Mo particle only protruded on a small quantity is worn, mill
Trace depth width almost can be ignored；And untreated pure aluminum substrate 1 is worn extremely serious, matrix 1 has occurred strong
It is plastically deformed, occurs a large amount of ditch dug with a plows on wear surface and phenomenon is curled in serious corrugation, wherein wear scar width is 1604 microns, polishing scratch
Depth is 84 microns.Show that the implantation of hard Mo particle can effectively improve the wearability of pure aluminum substrate 1.
Embodiment 3:
Step 1: magnesium alloy materials are chosen as matrix 1, and the hard particles 2 for being implanted into described matrix 1 can be selected:
The spherical 316L stainless steel that partial size is 10~50 microns；
Or the tungsten carbide wc that partial size is 5~70 microns；
Or the molybdenum Mo that partial size is 5~60 microns；
Step 2: ultrasonic cleaning processing being carried out to magnesium alloy substrate 1 with acetone solvent before experiment.
Step 3: the pre-heat treatment, preheating temperature 300 being carried out to matrix 1 before experiment and in experiment with electric heating device
℃。。
Step 4: selecting nitrogen as gas is accelerated, wherein accelerating gas pressure is 3MPa, temperature is 500 DEG C
(1) when the hard particles of selection 2 are stainless steel, processing method can are as follows:
Using high pressure nitrogen as accelerating gas to accelerate the stainless steel particles of 316L, high pressure nitrogen passes through Laval nozzle
Supersonic flow is generated, the stainless steel particles of 316L are sent into the supersonic flow from the axial direction of the nozzle and obtain stainless steel high speed grain
Subflow；Stainless steel high-velocity particles stream hits 1 surface of magnesium alloy substrate, is implanted into inside magnesium alloy substrate 1, and it is uniform to obtain thickness
316L/Mg composite material.
316L/Mg composite material microscopic appearance is characterized using TESCAN scanning electron microscope (SEM), finds 316L/Mg
Composite layer thickness is about 1.0mm；Using HXD-1000TMC/LCD full-automatic microhardness test system and test 316L/Mg
The microhardness of composite material, discovery 316L/Mg composite layer hardness are greater than 450HV.The friction produced using Japanese KYOWA
Abrasion tester tests the polishing machine of 316L/Mg composite layer, as a result, it has been found that the abrasion of 316L/Mg composite material
Slightly, the stainless steel particle only protruded on a small quantity is worn, and the very narrow depth of polishing scratch is only 10 microns, can almost be ignored not
Meter；And untreated magnesium alloy substrate 1 wears extremely serious, matrix 1 has occurred strong plastic deformation, the ditch dug with a plow of generation it is wide and
It is deep, and a large amount of wear debris are adhered to worn-out surface, wherein wear scar width is 1720 microns, and Wear track depth is 77 microns.Show
The implantation of hard stainless steel particle can effectively improve the wearability of magnesium alloy substrate 1.
(2) when the hard particles of selection 2 are tungsten carbide wc, processing method can are as follows:
Using high pressure nitrogen as accelerating gas to accelerate WC particle, high pressure nitrogen generates Supersonic by Laval nozzle
WC particle is sent into the supersonic flow from the axial direction of the nozzle and obtains WC high-velocity particles stream by speed stream；WC high-velocity particles stream is hit
1 surface of magnesium alloy substrate is hit, is implanted into inside magnesium alloy substrate 1, obtains WC/Mg composite material in homogeneous thickness.
Composite coating microscopic appearance is characterized using TESCAN scanning electron microscope (SEM), finds WC/Mg composite layer
Thickness is about 1.2mm.Using Japanese KYOWA production friction wear testing machine to the polishing machine of WC/Mg composite layer into
Row test, as a result, it has been found that the abrasion of WC/Mg composite material is slight, mild wear, polishing scratch occur for the WC particle only protruded on a small quantity
Depth width almost can be ignored；And untreated magnesium alloy substrate 1 wears extremely serious, matrix 1 has occurred strong
Plastic deformation, the ditch dug with a plow of generation is wide and deep, and a large amount of wear debris are adhered to worn-out surface, and wherein wear scar width is 1720 micro-
Rice, Wear track depth are 77 microns.Show that the implantation of hard WC particle effectively improves the wearability of magnesium alloy substrate 1.
(3) when the hard particles of selection 2 are molybdenum Mo, processing method can are as follows:
Using high pressure nitrogen as accelerating gas to accelerate Mo particle, high pressure nitrogen generates Supersonic by Laval nozzle
The Mo particle is sent into the supersonic flow from the axial direction of the nozzle and obtains Mo high-velocity particles stream by speed stream；Mo high-velocity particles
Stream hits 1 surface of magnesium alloy substrate, is implanted into inside magnesium alloy substrate 1, obtains Mo/Mg composite material in homogeneous thickness.
Mo/Mg composite material microscopic appearance is characterized using TESCAN scanning electron microscope (SEM), discovery Mo/Mg is compound
Layer thickness is about 1.1mm.Abrasion using the friction wear testing machine of Japanese KYOWA production to Mo/Mg composite layer
Performance is tested, as a result, it has been found that the abrasion of Mo/Mg composite material is slight, the Mo particle only protruded on a small quantity is worn, mill
Trace depth width almost can be ignored；And untreated magnesium alloy substrate 1 wears extremely serious, matrix 1 has occurred strongly
Plastic deformation, the ditch dug with a plow of generation is wide and deep, and a large amount of wear debris is adhered to worn-out surface.Show the implantation of hard Mo particle
The wearability of magnesium alloy substrate 1 can be effectively improved.
Embodiment 4:
Step 1: aluminum alloy materials are chosen as matrix 1, and the hard particles 2 for being implanted into described matrix 1 can be selected:
The spherical 316L stainless steel that partial size is 10~50 microns；
Or the tungsten carbide wc that partial size is 5~70 microns；
Or the tungsten W particle that partial size is 5~60 microns.
Step 2: ultrasonic cleaning processing being carried out to alloy matrix aluminum 1 with dehydrated alcohol before experiment.
Step 3: the pre-heat treatment, heating spot of the laser on matrix being carried out to matrix 1 before experiment and in experiment with laser
Point effective area is 3mm2, energy density 300mW/cm2, particle injects metal material surface region and laser heating dot weight
Folded, movement speed is identical as Laval nozzle movement speed.
Step 4: selecting nitrogen as gas is accelerated, wherein accelerating gas pressure is 3.5MPa, temperature is 500 DEG C.
(1) when the hard particles of selection 2 are stainless steel, processing method can are as follows:
Using high pressure nitrogen as accelerating gas to accelerate the stainless steel particles of 316L, high pressure nitrogen passes through Laval nozzle
Supersonic flow is generated, the stainless steel particles of 316L are sent into the supersonic flow from the axial direction of the nozzle and obtain stainless steel high speed grain
Subflow；Stainless steel high-velocity particles stream hits 1 surface of alloy matrix aluminum, is implanted into inside alloy matrix aluminum 1, and it is uniform to obtain thickness
316L/Al composite material.
316L/Al composite material microscopic appearance is characterized using TESCAN scanning electron microscope (SEM), finds 316L/Al
Composite layer thickness is about 0.8mm；Using HXD-1000TMC/LCD full-automatic microhardness test system and test 316L/Al
The microhardness of composite material, discovery 316L/Al composite layer hardness are greater than 450HV.The friction produced using Japanese KYOWA
Abrasion tester tests the polishing machine of 316L/Al composite layer, as a result, it has been found that the abrasion of 316L/Al composite material
Slightly, the stainless steel particle only protruded on a small quantity is worn；And untreated alloy matrix aluminum 1 wears extremely serious, matrix 1
Strong plastic deformation has occurred, occurs ditch dug with a plow on wear surface, scale off, avulsion sign.Show hard stainless steel particle
Implantation can effectively improve the wearability of alloy matrix aluminum 1.
(2) when the hard particles of selection 2 are tungsten carbide wc, processing method can are as follows:
Using high pressure nitrogen as accelerating gas to accelerate WC particle, high pressure nitrogen generates Supersonic by Laval nozzle
WC particle is sent into the supersonic flow from the axial direction of the nozzle and obtains WC high-velocity particles stream by speed stream；WC high-velocity particles stream is hit
1 surface of alloy matrix aluminum is hit, is implanted into inside alloy matrix aluminum 1, obtains WC/Al composite material in homogeneous thickness.
Composite coating microscopic appearance is characterized using TESCAN scanning electron microscope (SEM), finds WC/Al composite layer
Thickness is about 1.0mm；Using Japanese KYOWA production friction wear testing machine to the polishing machine of WC/Al composite layer into
Row test, as a result, it has been found that the abrasion of WC/Al composite material is slight, mild wear occurs for the WC particle only protruded on a small quantity,；And not
The alloy matrix aluminum 1 of processing wears extremely serious, and strong plastic deformation has occurred in matrix 1, occurs ditch dug with a plow, sheet on wear surface
It peels off, avulsion sign.Show that the implantation of hard WC particle effectively improves the wearability of alloy matrix aluminum 1.
(3) when the hard particles of selection 2 are tungsten W particle, processing method can are as follows:
Using high pressure nitrogen as accelerating gas to accelerate W particle, high pressure nitrogen generates supersonic speed by Laval nozzle
The W particle is sent into the supersonic flow from the axial direction of the nozzle and obtains W high-velocity particles stream by stream；W high-velocity particles stream is hit
1 surface of alloy matrix aluminum is implanted into inside alloy matrix aluminum 1, obtains W/Al composite material in homogeneous thickness.
W/Al composite material microscopic appearance is characterized using TESCAN scanning electron microscope (SEM), finds W/Al composite wood
Thickness of feed layer is about 1.1mm.The polishing machine of composite coating is surveyed using the friction wear testing machine that Japanese KYOWA is produced
Examination, as a result, it has been found that the abrasion of W/Al composite material is slight, the W particle only protruded on a small quantity is worn, and Wear track depth width is several
It can be ignored；And untreated alloy matrix aluminum 1 wears extremely serious, strong plastic deformation has occurred in matrix 1, mill
Occur ditch dug with a plow on damage face, scale off, avulsion sign.Show that the implantation of hard W particle can effectively improve the resistance to of alloy matrix aluminum 1
Mill property.
Embodiment 5:
Step 1: Cu alloy material is chosen as matrix 1, and the hard particles 2 for being implanted into described matrix 1 can be selected:
The spherical martensitic stain less steel that partial size is 10~50 microns；
Step 2: ultrasonic cleaning processing being carried out to copper alloy matrix 1 with dehydrated alcohol before experiment.
Step 3: the pre-heat treatment being carried out to matrix 1 before experiment and in experiment with surface high frequency heating laser mode, is preheated
Temperature is 400 DEG C out.
Step 4: selecting nitrogen as gas is accelerated, wherein accelerating gas pressure is 3MPa, temperature is 600 DEG C.
(1) when the hard particles of selection 2 are spherical martensitic stain less steel, processing method can are as follows:
Using high pressure nitrogen as accelerating gas to accelerate martensitic stain less steel particle, high pressure nitrogen is sprayed by Laval
Mouth generates supersonic flow, and stainless steel particles are sent into the supersonic flow from the axial direction of the nozzle and obtain stainless steel high-velocity particles
Stream；Stainless steel high-velocity particles stream hits 1 surface of copper alloy matrix, is implanted into inside copper alloy matrix 1, obtains in homogeneous thickness
Skin layer composite material.
Composite material microscopic appearance is characterized using TESCAN scanning electron microscope (SEM), finds stainless steel/Cu composite wood
Thickness of feed layer is about 0.6mm；Using the friction wear testing machine of Japanese KYOWA production to stainless steel/Cu composite layer mill
Damage performance is tested, as a result, it has been found that the abrasion of composite material is slight, the stainless steel particle only protruded on a small quantity is worn；And
Untreated copper alloy matrix 1 wears extremely serious, and strong plastic deformation has occurred in matrix 1, and ditch dug with a plow is deep and thick on wear surface,
Fray is uneven, and localized delamination is serious.Show that the implantation of hard stainless steel particle can effectively improve the resistance to of copper alloy matrix 1
Mill property.
Embodiment 6:
Step 1: titanium alloy material is chosen as matrix 1, and the hard particles 2 for being implanted into described matrix 1 can be selected:
The tungsten W particle that partial size is 5~60 microns.
Step 2: ultrasonic cleaning processing being carried out to titanium alloy substrate 1 with dehydrated alcohol before experiment.
Step 3: the pre-heat treatment, heating spot of the laser on matrix being carried out to matrix 1 before experiment and in experiment with laser
Point effective area is 5mm2, energy density 500mW/cm2, particle injects metal material surface region and laser heating dot weight
Folded, movement speed is identical as Laval nozzle movement speed.
Step 4: selecting nitrogen as gas is accelerated, wherein accelerating gas pressure is 3.5MPa, temperature is 500 DEG C.
It is implanted into the titanium alloy substrate 1 using the tungsten W particle that partial size is 5~60 microns, processing method can are as follows:
Using high pressure nitrogen as accelerating gas to accelerate W particle, high pressure nitrogen generates supersonic speed by Laval nozzle
The W particle is sent into the supersonic flow from the axial direction of the nozzle and obtains W high-velocity particles stream by stream；W high-velocity particles stream is hit
1 surface of titanium alloy substrate is implanted into inside titanium alloy substrate 1, obtains W/Ti composite material in homogeneous thickness.
W/Ti composite material microscopic appearance is characterized using TESCAN scanning electron microscope (SEM), finds W/Ti composite wood
Thickness of feed layer is about 0.5mm.The polishing machine of composite coating is surveyed using the friction wear testing machine that Japanese KYOWA is produced
Examination, as a result, it has been found that the abrasion of W/Ti composite material is slight, the W particle only protruded on a small quantity is worn, and Wear track depth width is several
It can be ignored；And untreated 1 serious wear of titanium alloy substrate, it is identical that abrading motion direction is resulted from wear surface
Ditch dug with a plow, part ditch dug with a plow adjacent material protuberance, produces obvious plastic deformation.Show that the implantation of hard W particle can be effective
Improve the wearability of titanium alloy substrate 1.
All the embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, the highlights of each of the examples are with
The difference of other embodiments, the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other.
Above to the processing method and metal-based compound material of material surface high hardness wear-resisting composite layer provided by the present invention
Material, is described in detail, and used herein a specific example illustrates the principle and implementation of the invention, above
The explanation of embodiment is merely used to help understand method and its core concept of the invention；Meanwhile for the general skill of this field
Art personnel, according to the thought of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application range, in conclusion this
Description should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (10)
1. the processing method of material surface high hardness wear-resisting composite layer, which is characterized in that the described method includes:
Step S1: the hard particles of the selected metal material as matrix and implantation described matrix；
Step S2: described matrix surface derusting is handled and is cleaned up；
Step S3: the pre-heat treatment is carried out to described matrix surface；
Step S4: accelerate the hard particles using high pressure gas, the high pressure gas generates super by Lavalle Laval nozzle
The hard particles are sent into the supersonic flow from the axial direction of the Laval nozzle and obtain high-velocity particles stream by sonic flow；It is described
High-velocity particles stream hits described matrix surface and is implanted into inside described matrix, and the hard particles point are made on described matrix surface
The uniform high hardness wear-resisting composite layer of cloth.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein
The metal material is pure Al alloys andMg alloys, aluminium alloy, titanium alloy or copper alloy；
The material of the hard particles is stainless steel, tungsten carbide wc, molybdenum Mo or tungsten W.
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the partial size of the hard particles is greater than 5 microns.
4. the method according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the hard particles hardness and described matrix hardness
Greater than 1.5:1.
5. the method according to claim 1, wherein the step of carrying out the pre-heat treatment to described matrix surface packet
It includes:
The pre-heat treatment is carried out to described matrix surface using high frequency, heat transfer or heat radiation method.
6. the method according to claim 1, wherein described matrix surface the pre-heat treatment temperature is less than described matrix
The recrystallization temperature of material.
7. the method according to claim 1, wherein the described method includes:
The hard particles are accelerated to the speed greater than 200m/s using the high pressure gas.
8. the method according to claim 1, wherein the high pressure gas includes in nitrogen, argon gas or helium
It is at least one.
9. the method according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the high hardness wear-resisting composite layer is greater than
0.5mm。
10. metal-base composites, which is characterized in that the metal-base composites is based on any described in claim 1~9
One method is made, and the film on metal matrix composite surface has residual compressive stress layer.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110952083A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-04-03 | 广东省新材料研究所 | Preparation method of large-thickness printing roller copper coating |
| CN114107857A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-01 | 西北有色金属研究院 | High-temperature high-pressure shot peening strengthening method for improving ablation resistance of surface of refractory metal electrode |
| CN115627471A (en) * | 2022-10-09 | 2023-01-20 | 武汉理工大学 | Preparation method of tungsten carbide reinforced coating on metal surface |
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| CN101660033A (en) * | 2008-08-27 | 2010-03-03 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for nano reconstruction of surface texture of metal roller |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101660033A (en) * | 2008-08-27 | 2010-03-03 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for nano reconstruction of surface texture of metal roller |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110952083A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-04-03 | 广东省新材料研究所 | Preparation method of large-thickness printing roller copper coating |
| CN114107857A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-01 | 西北有色金属研究院 | High-temperature high-pressure shot peening strengthening method for improving ablation resistance of surface of refractory metal electrode |
| CN114107857B (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-04-26 | 西北有色金属研究院 | High-temperature high-pressure shot peening strengthening method for improving ablation resistance of surface of refractory metal electrode |
| CN115627471A (en) * | 2022-10-09 | 2023-01-20 | 武汉理工大学 | Preparation method of tungsten carbide reinforced coating on metal surface |
| CN115627471B (en) * | 2022-10-09 | 2024-10-18 | 武汉理工大学 | Preparation method of tungsten carbide reinforced coating on metal surface |
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