CN104947035A - Method for enabling metal surface to penetrate nano powder by laser-induced impact - Google Patents
Method for enabling metal surface to penetrate nano powder by laser-induced impact Download PDFInfo
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- CN104947035A CN104947035A CN201510346479.9A CN201510346479A CN104947035A CN 104947035 A CN104947035 A CN 104947035A CN 201510346479 A CN201510346479 A CN 201510346479A CN 104947035 A CN104947035 A CN 104947035A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal material surface treatment, and particularly relates to a method for enabling a metal surface to penetrate nano powder by laser-induced impact. The method comprises the following steps: coating on the surface of an absorption layer to form a nano particle coating layer, and covering the nano particle coating layer on a working end surface of a target material; applying a restraint layer on the absorption layer; enabling a to-be-treated substrate metal surface to face towards a laser beam, firstly carrying out pre-penetration treatment and then carrying out penetration treatment on the to-be-treated substrate metal surface; and enabling the substrate metal surface obtained by cleaning to penetrate into nano particles, thereby improving the hardness of the substrate metal surface. The method is simple in operation process, and is a metal surface treatment technology which is low in cost, efficient and green. According to the method, element components of the metal substrate surface are improved, the elements of the metal surface are re-distributed, and lattice distortion, dislocation and grain refinement are caused, so that the strength and the hardness of the metal surface are improved, and thus, the abrasion-resistance of a metal component is improved and a fatigue life of the metal component is prolonged.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of metal material surface treatment, be specifically related to a kind of induced with laser and impact the method making metallic surface permeate nanometer powder.
Background technology
Surface integrity control techniques normally severe service components manufacture last procedure, be also a most key procedure.Its objective is the surface quality and mechanical property thereof that improve large-scale precision part, thus make part reach the use properties of expection.Large-scale precision part not only requires dimensional precision, form accuracy, surfaceness etc., also final mechanical property and the chemical property of precision component is required, comprise fatigue resistance, hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance etc., and finally affect assembling and the use properties of part.And be improve part mechanics/chemical property, in succession develop the surface reinforcing methods such as mechanic shot peening, ultrasonic shot peening, mechanical stitch, tungsten alloys, made the surface of part and subsurface produce uniform compressive stress layer, improve the surface microstructure of part.These technology are usually used in the surface strengthening of the precision component such as engine blade, blisk at aerospace field, become the irreplaceable method improving such piece surface mechanics and chemical property.But these methods also also exist various problem, as shot-peening nanometer is implanted, need in advance nanometer to be produced micron particle group, then be sprayed on surface of test piece by cold spray-coating method to ensure to form enough large bonding force between micron particle group and test specimen, avoid coming off in shot-peening process, operating process is complicated, and can only for the small size plane of rule, and strict to Specimen Shape size requirements.
Summary of the invention
For prior art Problems existing, the invention provides a kind of induced with laser and impact the method making metallic surface permeate nanometer powder, object realizes nano particle to infiltrate metallic substrate surface, significantly improves the surface hardness of matrix metal material surface, fatigue lifetime and wearability.
The technical scheme realizing the object of the invention is carried out according to following steps:
(1) in clean room, form the thick nano particle coat of 0.1mm in the surface-coated of absorption layer, above-mentioned absorption layer is covered the operative end surface of target;
(2) operative end surface being coated with the target of absorption layer is installed on the table, absorption layer applies the restraint layer that a layer thickness is 1-3mm;
(3) by pending substrate metal surface towards laser beam, take laser pulse width as 20-40ns, optical maser wavelength is 1064nm, laser beam spot sizes is 2-5mm, laser energy is 1-5J, laser beam that repetition rate is 2Hz carries out pre-osmotic treated, wherein overlapping rate is 10%, infiltration 1-2 time;
(4) after laser pre-treated, adjustment laser technical parameters: laser pulse width is 10-20ns, optical maser wavelength is 1064nm, laser beam spot sizes is 2-5mm, laser energy is 2-10J, repetition rate is 1Hz, carry out osmotic treated, wherein overlapping rate is 30%, infiltration 2-4 time;
(5) after substrate metal laser, remove the absorption layer of target material surface, substrate metal after osmotic treated is put into supersonic cleaning machine, be equipped with in supersonic cleaning machine that temperature is 18 ~ 22 DEG C, volumetric concentration is the alcohol of 75%, ultrasonic frequency is 35-55kHz, cleaning 10-15min, then deionized water rinsing is utilized, finally dry 5min with the loft drier of 100 DEG C, nano particle is infiltrated on substrate metal surface, and hardness is improved.
Described absorption layer is black belt.
It is cut a rectangle hole in the sheet plastic centre that 0.1mm is thick that the described surface-coated at absorption layer forms the thick nano particle coat concrete grammar of 0.1mm, absorption layer is placed on below sheet plastic, at the uniform coated with nano particle in rectangle hole place, redundance is cleaned out, makes absorption layer surface form the thick particle coated layer of 0.1mm.
Described restraint layer is transparent glass or deionized water, when restraint layer is transparent glass, requires closed seamless gap of fitting between glass and absorption layer, when restraint layer is deionized water, requires that the course of processing is without wave and splashing.
One times of the laser energy that the laser energy that described substrate metal surface penetration process uses uses for the pre-treatment of substrate metal surface penetration, pulsewidth is pretreated half, and namely energy density improves 4 times.
Compared with prior art, feature of the present invention and beneficial effect are:
Induced with laser of the present invention impacts the method making metallic surface permeate nanometer powder, is a kind of novel surface modification technology,
Its mechanism is as shown in accompanying drawing Fig. 2, specifically utilize the laser irradiation metallic surface of the high-energy-density of short pulse, bring out the formation of laser induced plasma, blasting property of the absorption layer absorbing laser energy vaporization that metallic surface is pasted, and absorbing laser energy form high temperature, the plasma body of high pressure, under the constraint of restraint layer, plasma body forms high strength pressure permeated wave, this permeated wave pressure is up to several GPa, the threshold value of permeated wave is much larger than the dynamic yield stress of material, act on metallic surface and propagate to metal inside, plasma penetration wave pressure makes nano particle form ion instantaneously simultaneously, under the effect of powerful permeated wave, realize nano particle at normal temperatures and infiltrate metallic substrate surface, make material surface that strong viscous deformation occur, change crystalline structure and the distribution of orientations on substrate metal surface, make lattice generation occupy-place and the replacement of metallic surface, change metallic surface elemental composition, the element redistribution of metallic surface, cause lattice distortion, dislocation and grain refining, thus improve intensity and the hardness of metallic surface, and then improve the wear-resistant and fatigue lifetime of metal parts.
The object of the substrate metal cleaning in the present invention after surface penetration process is for ensureing that on body material, residual organic matter matter and physics are not inlayed.
Operating procedure of the present invention is simple, be a kind of low cost, efficient, green metal surface treatment technology.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that induced with laser of the present invention impacts the process flow sheet making metallic surface permeate the method for nanometer powder;
Fig. 2 is that induced with laser of the present invention impacts the mechanism schematic diagram making metallic surface permeate the method for nanometer powder;
Wherein: 1: laser beam; 2: restraint layer; 3: absorption layer; 4: nano particle coat; 5: substrate metal.
Embodiment
The laser beam of black belt in the embodiment of the present invention to 1064nm is opaque, can absorbing laser energy when laser beam irradiation is on black tape surface, the plasma body of instantaneous high-temperature high pressure is produced between adhesive tape and matrix metal, and effectively can prevent laser beam burn substrate material surface, as 3M471 adhesive tape and the 3M425 adhesive tape of 3M company.
Clean room in the embodiment of the present invention is ten thousand grades of clean rooms, is also called dust free chamber or clean room, according to GB/T16292-1996, to be that dust (>=0.5 μm) is maximum allow for 350 to air purity index, 000 number/cubic meter, the floating bacterium of trip is 100/cubic metre, and settling bacteria is 3/ware.
Embodiment 1
Substrate metal in the present embodiment is: 6082 aluminium alloys (200mm × 100mm × 3mm), and through carrying out mechanical polishing, then use the alcohol washes surface of 75%, dry for standby, nano particle is nickelalloy;
The present embodiment carries out according to following steps:
(1) in clean room, form the thick nano particle coat of 0.1mm in the surface-coated of absorption layer, above-mentioned absorption layer is covered the operative end surface of target;
(2) operative end surface being coated with the target of absorption layer is installed on the table, absorption layer applies the restraint layer that a layer thickness is 1mm;
(3) by pending substrate metal surface towards laser beam, take laser pulse width as 20ns, optical maser wavelength is 1064nm, laser beam spot sizes is 5mm, laser energy is 1J, laser beam that repetition rate is 2Hz carries out pre-osmotic treated, wherein overlapping rate is 10%, permeates 1 time;
(4) after laser pre-treated, adjustment laser technical parameters: laser pulse width is 10ns, optical maser wavelength is 1064nm, laser beam spot sizes is 5mm, laser energy is 2J, repetition rate is 1Hz, carries out osmotic treated, and wherein overlapping rate is 30%, permeates 3 times;
(5) after substrate metal laser, remove the absorption layer of target material surface, substrate metal after osmotic treated is put into supersonic cleaning machine, be equipped with in supersonic cleaning machine that temperature is 18 DEG C, volumetric concentration is the alcohol of 75%, ultrasonic frequency is 45kHz, cleaning 12min, then deionized water rinsing is utilized, finally dry 5min with the loft drier of 100 DEG C, nano particle is infiltrated on substrate metal surface, and hardness is improved.
Preparation microhardness, fatigue lifetime and wear-resistant standard test specimen, carry out relevant Mechanics Performance Testing, as shown in table 1, its abrasion resistance properties improves 13% compared with unprocessed metallic substrate surface.
Embodiment 2
Substrate metal in the present embodiment is TC4 titanium alloy (100mm × 100mm × 2mm), and through carrying out mechanical polishing, then use the alcohol washes surface of 75%, dry for standby, nano-metal particle is wolfram varbide;
The present embodiment carries out according to following steps:
(1) in clean room, form the thick nano particle coat of 0.1mm in the surface-coated of absorption layer, above-mentioned absorption layer is covered the operative end surface of target;
(2) operative end surface being coated with the target of absorption layer is installed on the table, absorption layer applies the restraint layer that a layer thickness is 2mm;
(3) by pending substrate metal surface towards laser beam, take laser pulse width as 40ns, optical maser wavelength is 1064nm, laser beam spot sizes is 3mm, laser energy is 5J, laser beam that repetition rate is 2Hz carries out pre-osmotic treated, wherein overlapping rate is 10%, permeates 2 times;
(4) after laser pre-treated, adjustment laser technical parameters: laser pulse width is 20ns, optical maser wavelength is 1064nm, laser beam spot sizes is 3mm, laser energy is 10J, repetition rate is 1Hz, carries out osmotic treated, and wherein overlapping rate is 30%, permeates 4 times;
(5) after substrate metal laser, remove the absorption layer of target material surface, substrate metal after osmotic treated is put into supersonic cleaning machine, be equipped with in supersonic cleaning machine that temperature is 20 DEG C, volumetric concentration is the alcohol of 75%, ultrasonic frequency is 55kHz, cleaning 10min, then deionized water rinsing is utilized, finally dry 5min with the loft drier of 100 DEG C, nano particle is infiltrated on substrate metal surface, and hardness is improved.
Preparation microhardness, fatigue lifetime and wear-resistant standard test specimen, carry out relevant Mechanics Performance Testing, as shown in table 2.
Embodiment 3
Substrate metal in the present embodiment is: 6082 aluminium alloys (200mm × 100mm × 3mm), and through carrying out mechanical polishing, then use the alcohol washes surface of 75%, dry for standby, nano particle is nickelalloy;
The present embodiment carries out according to following steps:
(1) in clean room, form the thick nano particle coat of 0.1mm in the surface-coated of absorption layer, above-mentioned absorption layer is covered the operative end surface of target;
(2) operative end surface being coated with the target of absorption layer is installed on the table, absorption layer applies the restraint layer that a layer thickness is 3mm;
(3) by pending substrate metal surface towards laser beam, take laser pulse width as 30ns, optical maser wavelength is 1064nm, laser beam spot sizes is 2mm, laser energy is 3J, laser beam that repetition rate is 2Hz carries out pre-osmotic treated, wherein overlapping rate is 10%, permeates 1 time;
(4) after laser pre-treated, adjustment laser technical parameters: laser pulse width is 15ns, optical maser wavelength is 1064nm, laser beam spot sizes is 2mm, laser energy is 6J, repetition rate is 1Hz, carries out osmotic treated, and wherein overlapping rate is 30%, permeates 2 times;
(5) after substrate metal laser, remove the absorption layer of target material surface, substrate metal after osmotic treated is put into supersonic cleaning machine, be equipped with in supersonic cleaning machine that temperature is 22 DEG C, volumetric concentration is the alcohol of 75%, ultrasonic frequency is 35kHz, cleaning 15min, then deionized water rinsing is utilized, finally dry 5min with the loft drier of 100 DEG C, nano particle is infiltrated on substrate metal surface, and hardness is improved.
Preparation microhardness, fatigue lifetime and wear-resistant standard test specimen, carry out relevant Mechanics Performance Testing, as shown in table 3.
Plasma penetration wave pressure nanoparticle metal after above embodiment 1-3 process is infiltrated and does microhardness testing and fatigue life test.
Microhardness testing: adopt FM-300 type digital micro-analysis hardness tester to measure the microhardness distribution of test specimen laser penetration strengthening portion faces, setting magnitude of load is 0.1N, and protecting the lotus time is 10s, 5 points surveyed by each sample, average, envrionment temperature 22 ± 2 DEG C, ambient moisture 40-60%.
Prolongs life is tested: adopt XDL-5000N protracted test machine, Aluminum Alloy Room Temperature draws pulling fatigue experimental, and tensile stress is 140MPa, and loading frequency is, often organizes experiment test 10 groups, envrionment temperature 22 ± 2 DEG C, ambient moisture 40-60%.; Titanium alloy normal temperature draws pulling fatigue experimental, and tensile stress is 270MPa, and loading frequency is often organize experiment test 10 groups, envrionment temperature 22 ± 2 DEG C, ambient moisture 40-60%.
Above-described embodiment 1-3 plasma penetration wave pressure nanoparticle metal infiltration surface microhardness and life-span are as shown in table 1 ~ 3.
The contrast in table 1 embodiment 1 microhardness and life-span
| Sequence number | Microhardness (HV) | Life-span |
| Before non-osmotic treated | 236 | 1.8×10 6 |
| Laser penetration | 252 | 1.2×10 7 |
| Embodiment 1 | 278 | 6.2×10 7 |
The contrast in table 2 embodiment 2 microhardness and life-span
| Sequence number | Microhardness (HV) | Life-span (h) |
| Before non-osmotic treated | 321 | 2.1×10 6 |
| Laser penetration | 336 | 1.8×10 7 |
| Embodiment 2 | 352 | 5.7×10 7 |
The contrast in table 3 embodiment 3 microhardness and life-span
| Sequence number | Microhardness (HV) | Life-span (h) |
| Before non-osmotic treated | 236 | 1.8×10 6 |
| Laser penetration | 263 | 1.3×10 7 |
| Embodiment 3 | 282 | 6.3×10 7 |
Known from the testing data of table 1 ~ 3, matrix metal is after laser penetration, and microhardness is significantly improved, and work-ing life also significantly improves.
Claims (5)
1. induced with laser impacts the method making metallic surface permeate nanometer powder, it is characterized in that carrying out according to following steps:
(1) in clean room, form the thick nano particle coat of 0.1mm in the surface-coated of absorption layer, above-mentioned absorption layer is covered the operative end surface of target;
(2) operative end surface being coated with the target of absorption layer is installed on the table, absorption layer applies the restraint layer that a layer thickness is 1-3mm;
(3) by pending substrate metal surface towards laser beam, take laser pulse width as 20-40ns, optical maser wavelength is 1064nm, laser beam spot sizes is 2-5mm, laser energy is 1-5J, laser beam that repetition rate is 2Hz carries out pre-osmotic treated, wherein overlapping rate is 10%, infiltration 1-2 time;
(4) after laser pre-treated, adjustment laser technical parameters: laser pulse width is 10-20ns, optical maser wavelength is 1064nm, laser beam spot sizes is 2-5mm, laser energy is 2-10J, repetition rate is 1Hz, carry out osmotic treated, wherein overlapping rate is 30%, infiltration 2-4 time;
(5) substrate metal is after laser penetration process, remove the absorption layer of target material surface, substrate metal after osmotic treated is put into supersonic cleaning machine, be equipped with in supersonic cleaning machine that temperature is 18 ~ 22 DEG C, volumetric concentration is the alcohol of 75%, ultrasonic frequency is 35-55kHz, cleaning 10-15min, then deionized water rinsing is utilized, finally dry 5min with the loft drier of 100 DEG C, nano particle is infiltrated on substrate metal surface, and hardness is improved.
2. a kind of induced with laser according to claim 1 impacts the method making metallic surface permeate nanometer powder, it is characterized in that described absorption layer is black belt.
3. a kind of induced with laser according to claim 1 impacts the method making metallic surface permeate nanometer powder, it is characterized in that the described surface-coated at absorption layer forms the thick nano particle coat concrete grammar of 0.1mm is cut a rectangle hole in the sheet plastic centre that 0.1mm is thick, absorption layer is placed on below sheet plastic, at the uniform coated with nano particle in rectangle hole place, redundance is cleaned out, makes absorption layer surface form the thick particle coated layer of 0.1mm.
4. a kind of induced with laser according to claim 1 impacts the method making metallic surface permeate nanometer powder, it is characterized in that described restraint layer is transparent glass or deionized water, when restraint layer is transparent glass, require to fit between glass and absorption layer closed seamless gap, when restraint layer is deionized water, require that the course of processing is without wave and splashing.
5. a kind of induced with laser according to claim 1 impacts the method making metallic surface permeate nanometer powder, it is characterized in that one times of the laser energy that the laser energy that described substrate metal surface penetration process uses uses for the pre-treatment of substrate metal surface penetration, pulsewidth is pretreated half, and namely energy density improves 4 times.
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Cited By (10)
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| CN105463179A (en) * | 2015-11-22 | 2016-04-06 | 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 | Metal surface nanometer powder permeating method based on laser induction shock waves |
| CN108269683A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-07-10 | 宁波金鸡强磁股份有限公司 | A kind of method for improving neodymium iron boron magnetic body magnetic property |
| CN109079316A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2018-12-25 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of labeling method based on laser-impact |
| CN109207910A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-01-15 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of method for carburizing based on laser-impact |
| CN109805480A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2019-05-28 | 唐山宇慈生物科技有限公司 | Impact-resistant complex fiber material of high-elasticity ventilating quick-drying and preparation method thereof |
| CN110643991A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2020-01-03 | 西安天瑞达光电技术股份有限公司 | Metal material surface treatment method |
| CN111962058A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-11-20 | 江苏大学 | Method and device for implanting nano diamond particles on surface of alloy steel at high temperature |
| CN112195474A (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2021-01-08 | 上海新能量纳米科技股份有限公司 | Metal surface modification process and application thereof |
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Cited By (12)
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| CN105463179A (en) * | 2015-11-22 | 2016-04-06 | 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 | Metal surface nanometer powder permeating method based on laser induction shock waves |
| CN109805480A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2019-05-28 | 唐山宇慈生物科技有限公司 | Impact-resistant complex fiber material of high-elasticity ventilating quick-drying and preparation method thereof |
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| CN109079316A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2018-12-25 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of labeling method based on laser-impact |
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| CN111962058A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-11-20 | 江苏大学 | Method and device for implanting nano diamond particles on surface of alloy steel at high temperature |
| CN112195474A (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2021-01-08 | 上海新能量纳米科技股份有限公司 | Metal surface modification process and application thereof |
| CN112195474B (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2022-11-11 | 上海新能量纳米科技股份有限公司 | Metal surface modification process and application thereof |
| CN112317450A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-02-05 | 天津大学 | Ultrasonic fixed-point cleaning device and method based on photoacoustic jet flow effect |
| CN115058584A (en) * | 2022-05-13 | 2022-09-16 | 西安交通大学 | Device and method for assisting laser temperature strengthening by metal particles |
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