CN114948856A - 一种妇科抗菌凝胶及其在治疗顽固性外阴白斑上的应用 - Google Patents
一种妇科抗菌凝胶及其在治疗顽固性外阴白斑上的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种妇科抗菌凝胶及其在治疗顽固性外阴白斑上的应用,涉及抗菌凝胶加工技术领域。所述妇科抗菌凝胶包括水凝胶材料和蛋白基纳米颗粒复合得到,其中水凝胶材料为采用酪蛋白联合丝胶蛋白后混合海藻酸钠与纳米氧化锌再进行酶促反应进行胶凝获得,所述蛋白基纳米颗粒为小麦醇溶蛋白、乳清蛋白混合壳聚糖接枝后再混合硫酸软骨素和重组人干扰素α‑2b制备得到。本发明克服了现有技术的不足,采用凝胶制剂和纳米颗粒复合,实现多重的给药效果,延长抑菌止痒的治疗时间,并且还能够对外阴白斑起到良好的缓解和治疗效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及抗菌凝胶加工技术领域,具体涉及一种妇科抗菌凝胶及其在治疗顽固性外阴白斑上的应用。
背景技术
由于生理结构的原因,女性的甚至系统在日常生活中更容易感染细菌和病菌从而患上疾病,在健康的情况下女性阴道中寄居有需氧菌和厌氧菌形成正常的阴道菌群,当受到外界刺激活着本身生理变化,阴道与菌群之间的生态平衡打破,也是造成女性生殖系统疾病的重要原因。
现有的常见女性生理疾病大多为细菌感染阴道,其中包括细菌性阴道病、念珠菌性阴道炎、滴虫性阴道炎、老年性阴道炎、幼女性阴道炎等,其中在感染者的阴道分泌物中提取出较高的白色念珠菌、大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌,而临床上对这些症状的治疗大多是采用洗剂或者激素类擦拭药物来抑菌消炎,这样的治疗手段虽然见效快,但是存在停用复发和治疗不彻底的问题。
妇科凝胶是一种妇科药品,为凝胶剂,其能够有效治疗各种妇科阴道炎、宫颈炎等,其对多种细菌也具有较好的抑制作用,但是现有的妇科凝胶的杀菌原理大多是复配一些灭菌药物(激素类)或者采用金属离子和多糖进行抑菌,但是由于实际治疗过程中患处部位的特殊性,一般在凝胶给药后长时间对患处的抑菌效果会逐渐降低,且对于阴道疾病中瘙痒的并发症的抑制和缓解的效果也会逐渐降低,重复给药操作的话又会提升治疗过程的复杂性,降低了实际治疗的药物使用感受。
发明内容
针对现有技术不足,本发明提供一种妇科抗菌凝胶及其在治疗顽固性外阴白斑上的应用,采用凝胶制剂和纳米颗粒复合,实现多重的给药效果,延长抑菌止痒的治疗时间,并且还能够对外阴白斑起到良好的缓解和治疗效果。
为实现以上目的,本发明的技术方案通过以下技术方案予以实现:
一种妇科抗菌凝胶,所述妇科抗菌凝胶包括水凝胶材料和蛋白基纳米颗粒,其中水凝胶材料为采用酪蛋白联合丝胶蛋白后混合海藻酸钠与纳米氧化锌再进行酶促反应进行胶凝获得,所述蛋白基纳米颗粒为小麦醇溶蛋白、乳清蛋白混合壳聚糖接枝后再混合硫酸软骨素和重组人干扰素α-2b制备得到。
优选的,所述妇科抗菌凝胶的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)蛋白成分预处理:选用10mmol/L且pH为6.5的磷酸盐缓冲液,将乳清蛋白按照料液比6∶64.8混合缓冲液配置成混合溶液,再按照质量比25∶70.8的质量比将壳聚糖和混合溶液混合后磁力搅拌充分溶解,再于80℃温度下水浴保温20min,得预处理溶液备用;
(2)混合溶液的制备:将上述预处理液、小麦醇溶蛋白、硫酸软骨素按照质量比95.8∶4∶0.2备料,先将小麦醇溶蛋白加入上述预处理液中磁力搅拌均匀后再加入硫酸软骨素,再调节pH至5.5,得混合溶液备用;
(3)纳米颗粒制备:将重组人干扰素α-2b按照质量比0.1∶10加入上述混合溶液中磁力搅拌,后进行超声混合,再减压旋蒸,最后低温冻干,得蛋白基纳米颗粒备用;
(4)酪蛋白联合丝胶蛋白:按照质量比2∶1∶10∶2对酪蛋白、丝胶蛋白、三乙醇胺溶液、海藻酸钠进行备料,且三乙醇胺溶液的pH为9,将酪蛋白混合丝胶蛋白加入三乙醇胺溶液中混合溶解,后磁力搅拌再加入海藻酸钠,60℃水浴保温搅拌,得共混液备用;
(5)胶凝:按照质量比0.03∶0.01∶0.4∶1对纳米氧化锌、谷氨酰胺转氨酶、蛋白基纳米颗粒和共混液进行备料,将共混液加入纳米氧化锌磁力搅拌均匀后再加入谷氨酰胺转氨酶和上述蛋白基纳米颗粒,充分搅拌均匀,得妇科抗菌凝胶。
所述妇科抗菌凝胶能够有效治疗和缓解顽固性外阴白斑。
本发明提供一种妇科抗菌凝胶及其在治疗顽固性外阴白斑上的应用,与现有技术相比优点在于:
(1)本发明采用水凝胶材料和蛋白基纳米颗粒复合制备抗菌凝胶,在实际的临床给药过程中,水凝胶材料与患处接触时先对患进行瘙痒缓解,后蛋白基纳米颗粒持续进行抗菌缓解,有效保证整体治疗的长效性。
(2)本发明水凝胶材料中采用酪蛋白联合丝胶蛋白后混合海藻酸钠与纳米氧化锌再进行酶促反应进行胶凝,其不仅仅能够通过纳米氧化性进行有效的杀菌,同时通过蛋白材料提升生物相容性,促进患处黏膜的生长,保证治疗效果。
(3)本发明蛋白基纳米颗粒在本身具有良好的生物相容性的基础上,通过微球机构达到缓释给药的效果,通过重组人干扰素α-2b和硫酸软骨素的复配以及水凝胶的混合起到良好的抑菌效果,并能够对顽固性的外阴白斑起到良好的治疗和缓解作用。
附图说明:
图1为本发明实施例和对比例凝胶混合培养细胞的相对活性;
图2为本发明实施例和对比例种材料对大肠杆菌的长效抗菌效果示意图;
图3为本发明实施例和对比例种材料对金黄色葡萄杆菌的长效抗菌效果示意图;
图4为本发明实施例和对比例种材料对白色念珠菌的长效抗菌效果示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面结合本发明实施例对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1:
妇科抗菌凝胶的制备:
(1)取60g的乳清蛋白加入到648ml的10mmol/L且pH为6.5的磷酸盐缓冲液中,混合后再加入250g的壳聚糖,室温下磁力搅拌10h,后水浴加热至80℃保温搅拌20min,后降温至常温得预处理溶液;
(2)将40g小麦醇溶蛋白加入到上述预处理溶液中,磁力搅拌2h,后加入2g硫酸软骨素,调节pH至5.5,混合均匀得混合溶液;
(3)将1g重组人干扰素α-2b加入到上述混合溶液中,磁力搅拌6h,后采用100W的超声混合15min,减压旋蒸至原有体积的的1/4后,置于-50℃的温度下低温冻干,后升温至4℃储存,得蛋白基纳米颗粒;
(4)将20g酪蛋白和10g丝胶蛋白混合加入100ml pH为9的三乙醇胺溶液中,混合磁力搅拌2h再加入20g海藻酸钠,升温至60℃温度下水浴保温搅拌20min,得共混液;
(5)将3g纳米氧化锌加入100ml的共混液中磁力搅拌1h后再加入1g的谷氨酰胺转氨酶和40g的蛋白基纳米颗粒,混合搅拌4h,得妇科抗菌凝胶,于2-4℃温度下储存。
对比例:
抗菌凝胶的制备:
(1)将20g酪蛋白和10g丝胶蛋白混合加入100ml pH为9的三乙醇胺溶液中,混合磁力搅拌2h再加入20g海藻酸钠,升温至60℃温度下水浴保温搅拌20min,得共混液;
(5)将3g纳米氧化锌、2g硫酸软骨素、1g重组人干扰素α-2b加入到100ml的共混液中磁力搅拌1h后再加入1g的谷氨酰胺转氨酶和40g的蛋白基纳米颗粒,混合搅拌4h,得妇科抗菌凝胶,于2-4℃温度下储存。
检测:
1、对上述实施例和对比例的抗菌凝胶进行细胞相容性检测:
分别取2g上述实施例和对比例所制得的抗菌凝胶于紫外环境中进行灭菌30min后,将复苏并传代稳定的NIH-3T3细胞均匀的接种按照4×103个/孔培养板中并置于37℃,5%的CO2培养箱中过夜使细胞贴壁生长,将上述各组灭菌后的凝胶加入到2ml的杜尔贝科改良伊格尔(DMEM)培养基中设为实验组,37℃浸提24h,后采用0.22μm的滤膜过滤得水凝胶滤液,将上述NIH-3T3细胞和水凝胶滤液加入到DMEM培养基中(设置对照组采用DMEM替换水凝胶滤液),培养一段时间后,用酶标仪检测450nm处吸光度值(OD),采用下方式一计算细胞相对活性:
其中:OD1为实验组吸光度值;OD0为背景吸光度值;ODc为对照组吸光度值。
检测实施例和对比例在培养1/3/5天后的细胞活性,具体结果如图1所示,即本申请实施例和对比例均具有良好的生物相容性。
2、溶胀性检测:
常温下,称取实施例或对比例中干燥的水凝胶,置于蒸馏水以及不同pH条件下的PBS缓冲溶液中浸泡,至恒重后取出除去表面残留水分。且溶胀率按照下方式二进行计算:
其中:SR为水凝胶的溶胀率;W1为干燥的水凝胶重量;W2为浸泡取出后恒重的水凝胶重量。
具体结果如下表1所示:
表1
组别 | W1 | W2 | SR |
实施例 | 10.0g | 17.8g | 78% |
对比例 | 10.0g | 17.1g | 71% |
由上表可知,本发明具有良好的溶胀率。
3、抗菌性检测:
将大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、白色念珠菌分别接种与pH为7的PBS溶液中,置于37℃温度下培养18h,稀释后得到各组1×106CFU/ml的菌液,将滤纸片浸泡在各组水凝胶中30min,后取出除去多余水凝胶,将稀释后的各组菌液分别取0.1ml注入琼脂培养基中,并将滤纸贴到琼脂培养基上,后37℃温度下培养24h、48h、72h,后计算各个菌种培养的抑菌圈宽度,结果如图2、图3、图4所示;
由图2、图3、图4可知采用凝胶制剂和纳米颗粒复制备的水凝胶能够有效保证抗菌效果的同时延长抗菌时间。
4、临床治疗细菌性阴道炎检测:
选取2019年8月-2020年3月病理检查确诊细菌性阴道炎的患者102人,其中患者年龄在22-52岁之间,平均年龄为32岁,(纳入标准:①经妇科检查符合BV诊断标准;②对本研究药物无过敏反应;排除标准:近2周内使用过抗菌药物的患者),采用上述实施例所制得水凝胶为实验组药物,选用甲硝唑阴道泡腾片(湖北东信药业有限公司生产)为对照组药物;
将上述患者随机分为两组,每组51人,分别采用上述实验组药物和对照组药物进行治疗,且实验组药物的治疗方式为每晚临睡前洗净外阴后,将水凝胶约3g涂抹至患处,一周为一个疗程,连续治疗两个疗程,对照组的治疗方式为每晚临睡前洗净外阴后,将药栓放入阴道后穹隆处,一次一片,一周为一个疗程,连续治疗两个疗程(治疗结束后两组患者症状均得到缓解)。
计算平均每组临床症状消失时间(黏膜充血、外阴瘙痒及外阴灼痛),结果如下表2所示:
表2
由上表可知,本实施例中制得的水凝胶能够快速缓解和治疗细菌性阴道炎。
对上述患者治疗前和治疗2个疗程后分别进行炎症因子水平比较,即分别抽取治疗前后患者的空腹肘静脉血来测定各组患者中IL-1β、MCP-1、TGF-β1水平,具体结果如下表3所示:
表3
由上表可知,实施例所制凝胶能够有效起到消炎作用,对阴道炎起到良好的治疗效果。
5、上述临床治疗细菌性阴道炎过程中,实验组病例中有18名患者患有外阴白斑(其中6名患者为外阴白斑的患龄大于3年,为顽固性外阴白斑),在采用实施例制得的水凝胶治疗阴道炎过程中外阴白斑得到缓解,则针对这一现象,选取2020年6月-2020年10月病理检查确诊外阴白斑的患者76名(其中患龄>3年的为25人),将上述患者随机分为两组,平均每组38人,一组患者设为实验组(患龄>3年的人数为13人)采用实施例水凝胶每晚临睡前洗净外阴后,将水凝胶约3g涂抹至患处,一周为一个疗程,连续治疗四个疗程;另一组设为对照组,采用丁酸氢化可的松乳膏治疗(天津金耀药液有限公司生产)每晚临睡前洗净外阴后,将丁酸氢化可的松乳膏约2g涂抹至患处,一周为一个疗程,连续治疗四个疗程,按照以下标准判断治疗效果:
治愈:瘙痒完全消失,患处皮肤黏膜呈现正常颜色,黏膜变软且皮肤恢复弹性;缓解:瘙痒症状得到控制,患处皮肤相较于治疗前颜色和弹性更接近正常;无效:患处皮肤基本无改变。
具体的治疗效果如下表4所示:
表4
组别 | 治愈 | 缓解 | 无效 |
实施例 | 14 | 23 | 1 |
对照组 | 6 | 29 | 3 |
且对于患龄>3年的患者,采用实施例中的水凝胶治疗四个疗程后后其中三人基本痊愈,另10人也得到了缓解,而采用丁酸氢化可的松乳膏治疗的对照组中患龄>3年的患者无一人治愈,且9人得到缓解,另3人基本治疗无效,即实施例所制备的水凝胶对顽固性外阴白斑具有良好的治疗效果。
需要说明的是,在本文中,诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来,而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且,术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含,从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素,而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素,或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下,由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素,并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种妇科抗菌凝胶,其特征在于,所述妇科抗菌凝胶包括水凝胶材料和蛋白基纳米颗粒,其中水凝胶材料为采用酪蛋白联合丝胶蛋白后混合海藻酸钠与纳米氧化锌再进行酶促反应进行胶凝获得,所述蛋白基纳米颗粒为小麦醇溶蛋白、乳清蛋白混合壳聚糖接枝后再混合硫酸软骨素和重组人干扰素α-2b制备得到。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种妇科抗菌凝胶,其特征在于:所述妇科抗菌凝胶的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)蛋白成分预处理:将乳清蛋白采用缓冲液配置成混合溶液,后加入壳聚糖磁力搅拌充分溶解,后水浴保温,得预处理溶液备用;
(2)混合溶液的制备:将上述预处理液加入小麦醇溶蛋白磁力搅拌均匀后再加入硫酸软骨素,后调节pH至5.5,得混合溶液备用;
(3)纳米颗粒制备:将重组人干扰素α-2b加入上述混合溶液中磁力搅拌,后进行超声混合,再减压旋蒸,最后低温冻干,得蛋白基纳米颗粒备用;
(4)酪蛋白联合丝胶蛋白:将酪蛋白混合丝胶蛋白加入三乙醇胺溶液中混合溶解,后磁力搅拌再加入海藻酸钠水浴保温搅拌,得共混液备用;
(5)胶凝:将上述共混液加入纳米氧化锌磁力搅拌均匀后再加入谷氨酰胺转氨酶和上述蛋白基纳米颗粒,充分搅拌均匀,得妇科抗菌凝胶。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种妇科抗菌凝胶,其特征在于:所述步骤(1)中缓冲液为10mmol/L且pH为6.5的磷酸盐缓冲液。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种妇科抗菌凝胶,其特征在于:所述步骤(1)中充分溶解后水浴保温的温度为80℃,保温时间为20min。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种妇科抗菌凝胶,其特征在于:所述步骤(2)中混合溶液中缓冲液、乳清蛋白、壳聚糖、小麦醇溶蛋白、硫酸软骨素的质量比为64.8∶6∶25∶4∶0.2。
6.根据权利要求2所述的一种妇科抗菌凝胶,其特征在于:所述步骤(3)中重组人干扰素α-2b的加入质量与混合溶液的的比值为0.1∶10。
7.根据权利要求2所述的一种妇科抗菌凝胶,其特征在于:所述步骤(4)中酪蛋白、丝胶蛋白、三乙醇胺溶液、海藻酸钠的质量比为2∶1∶10∶2,且三乙醇胺溶液的pH为9。
8.根据权利要求2所述的一种妇科抗菌凝胶,其特征在于:所述步骤(4)中水浴保温搅拌的温度为60℃。
9.根据权利要求2所述的一种妇科抗菌凝胶,其特征在于:所述步骤(5)中纳米氧化锌、谷氨酰胺转氨酶、蛋白基纳米颗粒和共混液的质量比为0.03∶0.01∶0.4∶1。
10.一种如权利要求1所述的妇科抗菌凝胶在治疗治疗顽固性外阴白斑上的应用。
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