CN114948781B - 白头翁皂苷组合物在制备防脱发产品中的应用 - Google Patents
白头翁皂苷组合物在制备防脱发产品中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114948781B CN114948781B CN202210620633.7A CN202210620633A CN114948781B CN 114948781 B CN114948781 B CN 114948781B CN 202210620633 A CN202210620633 A CN 202210620633A CN 114948781 B CN114948781 B CN 114948781B
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- saponin
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- pulsatilla
- alopecia
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种白头翁皂苷组合物在制备防脱发产品中的应用,包括:白头翁皂苷组合物包括重量比为3‑9:1的白头翁皂苷B4和白头翁皂苷B5。本发明利用丙酸睾酮溶液皮下注射制备小鼠脱发动物模型,探讨白头翁皂苷B4+B5提取物防脱发的作用及可能机制,为白头翁皂苷防脱发个人护理用品的开发提供理论依据。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及药物技术领域。更具体地说,本发明涉及一种白头翁皂苷组合物在制备防脱发产品中的应用。
背景技术
脱发是一种常见现象,分为生理性脱发和病理性脱发两种。生理性脱发指头发正常的脱落,而病理性脱发则是一种常见的毛发疾病。据不完全统计,目前中国约有2.5亿脱发人群,其中男女比例约为3:2,且脱发群体的年轻化趋势越发明显。脱发虽不属于严重疾病,但对人们的精神状态和心理健康会产生较大的影响。雄激素源脱发(AndrogeneticAlopecia,AGA)是脱发常见的诱因之一,以头皮油腻、瘙痒、头屑增多、脱发等为主要表现,男女均会发生;其发病机制与雄激素分泌、遗传以及精神紧张、疲劳、熬夜等不良生活习惯有关,其中雄激素为主要诱因。头部毛发生长严格地受雄激素的影响,雄性激素中的睾酮在毛囊处经5α-还原酶催化,变成活性更高的5α-二氢睾酮(DHT),并且这种变化是不可逆的。DHT是引起脱发的重要原因,它能与毛囊细胞内特定受体蛋白结合,将特定基因活化,诱导生成特定蛋白质,从而阻碍毛发生长,进而产生永久性脱发。白头翁皂苷是从毛茛科多年生草本植物白头翁中提取具有药理活性的五环三萜类皂苷,其中白头翁皂苷B4(AnemosideB4,B4)和白头翁皂苷B5(Hederasaponin C,HSC)是其主要有效成分,但目前白头翁防脱发作用尚不明确。
发明内容
本发明提供一种白头翁皂苷组合物在制备防脱发产品中的应用,其利用丙酸睾酮溶液皮下注射制备小鼠脱发动物模型,探讨白头翁皂苷B4+B5提取物防脱发的作用及可能机制,为白头翁皂苷防脱发个人护理用品的开发提供理论依据。
为了实现根据本发明的这些目的和其它优点,提供了一种白头翁皂苷组合物在制备防脱发产品中的应用,包括:白头翁皂苷组合物包括重量比为3-9:1的白头翁皂苷B4和白头翁皂苷B5。
优选的是,防脱发产品包括洗护产品和药物。
优选的是,所述防脱发产品含有所述白头翁皂苷组合物和辅料,白头翁皂苷B4、白头翁皂苷B5纯度不低于60%。
优选的是,洗护产品包括洗发水、护发素、护发精华液以及护发精油。
优选的是,所述药物含有治疗有效量的白头翁皂苷的盐酸盐、高氯酸盐、甲磺酸盐、磷酸盐、柠檬酸盐或硫酸盐和药学上可接受的载体。
优选的是,药学上可接受的载体包括稀释剂、增溶剂、潜溶剂、崩解剂、分散剂、润滑剂、矫味剂、抗氧剂、粘合剂、吸收剂、湿润剂、缓冲剂、交联剂。
优选的是,所述药物被制成药学上允许的剂型,所述剂型包括水剂、凝胶剂、油剂、粉剂、气雾剂、乳膏剂。
优选的是,取硬脂酸、单硬脂酸甘油酯、蓖麻油,于水浴中加热至70-85℃,搅拌其至完全融化,为油相;另取甘油、白头翁皂苷组合物和蒸馏水于水浴上加热至70-85℃,边搅拌边加入三乙醇胺,使白头翁皂苷组合物完全溶解,为水相;在不断搅拌下将油相以细流加入到水相中,并不断顺向搅拌至22-28℃,即得乳膏剂。
优选的是,白头翁皂苷组合物的给药剂量为不低于4mg/kg·d。
本发明至少包括以下有益效果:
第一、本发明利用丙酸睾酮溶液皮下注射制备小鼠脱发动物模型,探讨白头翁皂苷B4+B5提取物防脱发的作用及可能机制,为白头翁皂苷防脱发个人护理用品的开发提供理论依据;
第二、白头翁皂苷B4+白头翁皂苷B5具有清除DPPH自由基从而起到抗氧化的作用;并且体外能够抑制5α-还原酶活性,可以显著改善小鼠雄激素源性脱发现象,该实验结果更说明白头翁皂苷可应用于开发更安全更有效的防脱发相关产品具有广阔的市场前景。
本发明的其它优点、目标和特征将部分通过下面的说明体现,部分还将通过对本发明的研究和实践而为本领域的技术人员所理解。
附图说明
图1为本发明的白头翁皂苷对DPPH自由基清除作用;
图2为本发明的白头翁皂苷对5α-还原酶抑制作用。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步的详细说明,以令本领域技术人员参照说明书文字能够据以实施。
应当理解,本文所使用的诸如“具有”、“包含”以及“包括”术语并不排除一个或多个其它元件或其组合的存在或添加。
需要说明的是,下述实施方案中所述实验方法,如无特殊说明,均为常规方法,所述试剂和材料,如无特殊说明,均可从商业途径获得。
1材料
1.1实验动物
SPF级健康雄性BALB/C小鼠和SD大鼠,购买于北京维通利华实验动物技术有限公司,所有实验动物均饲养于可控环境中,室温18-24℃、湿度40%-50%,实验期间动物自由进食、饮水,昼夜节律正常。
1.2主要试剂
白头翁皂苷提取物,其中白头翁皂苷B4+白头翁皂苷B5(以下简称B4+HSC)的含量在60%以上,经测试重量比为4:1;米诺地尔搽剂(有效成分含量2%,四川美达康华康药业有限公司);非那雄胺片(杭州默沙东制药有限公司);睾酮、1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基本肼(DPPH,美国Sigma公司);NADPH、丙基羟苯酸酯、甲醇(色谱纯)、二氯甲烷(色谱纯)(国药集团化学试剂有限公司);丙酸睾酮注射液(宁波第二激素长);注射用大豆油(铁岭北亚药用油有限公司);ELISA试剂盒(酶免生物科技有限公司)。
1.3溶液配制
(1)丙酸睾酮溶液配制方法:将丙酸睾酮注射液和注射用大豆油按1:5(V/V)进行稀释,配制成浓度为5g/L/的丙酸睾酮溶液备用;
(2)B4+HSC、B4、B5乳膏配制:分别称取白头翁皂苷B4+HSC粉末、B4粉末或HSC粉末0.13g、硬脂酸2.4g、单硬甘油酯0.8g、蓖麻油、4.0g、甘油2.0g、三乙醇胺0.3mL、蒸馏水10mL。均匀混合得到B4乳膏、HSC乳膏、B4+HSC乳膏。
1.4主要仪器设备
1/1000精密天平(梅特勒-托利多仪器上海有限公司,型号:ME204E);低温高速离心机(Eppendorf公司,型号:5425R);高速低温组织研磨机(武汉赛维尔生物科技有限公司,型号:KZ-III-F)。
2动物造模及给药
2.1丙酸睾酮诱导小鼠脱发模型
将60只雄性BALB/C小鼠适应性喂养1周,随机分为6组,每组10只:空白对照组、模型对照组、B4乳膏组(20mg/kg)、HSC乳膏组(20mg/kg)、B4+HSC乳膏组(20mg/kg)、米诺地尔搽剂阳性药组(100mg/kg)。实验前将丙酸睾酮注射液和注射用大豆油按1:5(V/V)进行稀释,配制成5g/L的丙酸睾酮溶液备用。空白对照组小鼠在身体背部皮下注射注射用大豆油每日1次;其余各造模组(模型对照组、B4乳膏组、HSC乳膏组、B4+HSC乳膏组、米诺地尔搽剂阳性药组)小鼠背部皮下均注射丙酸睾酮溶液造模,剂量为5mg/kg,每日1次。造模同时各组小鼠背部毛发给予相应药物涂抹。米诺地尔搽剂阳性药组给予米诺地尔搽剂100mg;B4乳膏组、HSC乳膏组、B4+HSC乳膏组分别给予质量浓度为20mg/kg提取物乳膏涂抹100mg;空白对照组及模型对照组给予100mg空白基质,注射丙酸睾酮溶液和涂抹给药连续进行10周。
2.2检测指标
(1)观察每组小鼠的常规状态;
(2)从第5周开始至实验结束,每天收集各组小鼠脱落毛发,在固定时间段梳理每只小鼠背部毛发,脱落的毛发用镊子收集并称重,用于小鼠脱发程度的考察;
(3)实验结束,所有小鼠眼眶后取血,ELISA检测血清中睾酮、雌二醇水平。
3体外实验
3.1清除DPPH自由基实验
将DPPH配制成0.2mmol/L溶液(现用现配),然后吸取250mL B4(4mg/mL)、HSC(4mg/mL)、B4+HSC(4mg/mL)溶液于Eppendorf管中,加入750μL DPPH溶液,于室温下暗处反应,时间分别为30min、60min,于517nm处测定吸光度值。DPPH自由基清除率=1-(A样品-A空白)/A对照×100%。
3.2体外5α-还原酶抑制实验
5α-还原酶的制备:取SD雄性大鼠6只,禁食12h后处死,低温解剖台上取出大鼠前列腺,剪碎并称重。按质量比1:5加入提前预冷的缓冲液(含0.32mol/L蔗糖、0.1mmol/L二硫苏糖醇、1mmol/L乙二胺四乙酸和0.2mol/L磷酸盐缓冲液),于匀浆其中快速制成匀浆,使用冷冻离心机离心(1300r/min,10min),取离心后上清液(去掉最上层脂肪层),加入缓冲液定容至20mL,分装后-80℃保存。
5α-还原酶活性测定:依次加入0.5mL磷酸盐缓冲液、0.2mL样品(B4、HSC、B4+HSC,4mg/mL)、200μL睾酮溶液(300mg/L)和200μL NADPH溶液(0.8g/L)于具塞试管中,最后加入0.5mL 5α-还原酶提取物,37℃反应30min;反应结束后加入3mL二氯甲烷停止反应并萃取睾酮,再加入0.25mL丙基羟苯酸酯(100mg/L)作为内标,离心(5000r/min,10min)。弃去上层水相,移取约1mL有机相,蒸干,将残留物溶于1.5mL甲醇中,吸取10μL用高效液相法测定残留睾酮含量。阳性对照组为0.05mg/L非那雄胺,同时设定5α-还原酶反应管和5α-还原酶空白管。5α-还原酶抑制率=(R样品-R反应)/(R空白-R反应)×100%,R为目标峰面积与内标峰面积之比。
4实验结果
4.1小鼠防脱发实验
4.1.1一般状态观察
造模组小鼠注射丙酸睾酮溶液后,有些小鼠出现躁动现象并互相厮打。2周后,小鼠毛发顺滑程度下降;4-5周后,小鼠背部毛发逐渐干枯失去光泽,7周作用小鼠逐渐出现背部毛发脱落现象。B4乳膏组、HSC乳膏组、B4+HSC乳膏组能够显著改善小鼠毛发脱落的情况且B4+HSC乳膏组效果最显著。各组小鼠脱毛重量见表1,与模型对照组比较,*P<0.05,**P<0.01。
表1
4.1.2白头翁皂苷对小鼠血清中睾酮(T)和雌二醇(E2)的作用
雄激素在毛发生长过程中起到重要作用,能够促进毛发有新生状态想成熟状态转化。已有研究指出,雄激素异常增多,会导致T/E2比例失调,从而导致雄激素源性脱发疾病的发生。B4乳膏组、HSC乳膏组、B4+HSC乳膏组能够显著降低体内睾酮含量、升高雌二醇含量,且B4+HSC乳膏组效果最显著,这与其具有抑制5α-还原酶活性也符合,提示了其可能作用的机理,进而推测白头翁皂苷应用于人体也具有防脱发作用,白头翁皂苷对小鼠血清中睾酮和雌二醇的影响如表2所示,与模型对照组比较,*P<0.05,**P<0.01。
表2
4.2白头翁皂苷组合物对DPPH自由基清除作用
防止脱发过程是头皮细胞被氧化与抗氧化程度动态平衡的过程,一方面,ROS有促进毛囊细胞增殖的作用,另一方面,氧化应激反应有被认为是心理性脱发的主要原因之一。DPPH自由基清除率是被广泛认可的物质抗氧化能力的评价指标。本实验结果如图1所示,B4(4mg/mL)、HSC(4mg/mL)、B4+HSC(4mg/mL)在反应维持30min和60min时,均有明显的自由基清除率,且B4+HSC效果更显著;B4(4mg/mL)、HSC(4mg/mL)、B4+HSC(4mg/mL)在60min时的清除效果优于30min。
4.3白头翁皂苷组合物对5α-还原酶抑制作用
研究表明,现有脱发人群中约九成属于雄激素源性脱发。阳性对照组非那雄胺为甾体类固醇,其作为II型5α-还原酶抑制剂可以有效抑制血液循环,抑制头部皮肤毛囊内睾酮向二氢睾酮转换这一过程,从而达到治疗脱发的目的,是目前国内外治疗性激素源脱发的一线用药。体外实验结果如图2所示,B4(4mg/mL)、HSC(4mg/mL)、B4+HSC(4mg/mL)对5α-还原酶活性均有抑制作用,抑制率分表为26.8%、22.5%、52.4%。说明白头翁皂苷体外具有抑制雄性激素源性脱发的作用,且B4+HSC效果最显著。
5结论
本实验采用体内和体外实验对白头翁皂苷防脱发功效进行评价,结果提示,白头翁皂苷具有清除DPPH自由基从而起到抗氧化的作用;并且体外能够抑制5α-还原酶活性。AGA小鼠模型实验表明,白头翁皂苷可以显著改善小鼠雄激素源性脱发现象。该实验结果更说明白头翁皂苷可应用于开发更安全更有效的防脱发相关产品具有广阔的市场前景。
这里说明的设备数量和处理规模是用来简化本发明的说明的。对本发明的应用、修改和变化对本领域的技术人员来说是显而易见的。
尽管本发明的实施方案已公开如上,但其并不仅仅限于说明书和实施方式中所列运用,它完全可以被适用于各种适合本发明的领域,对于熟悉本领域的人员而言,可容易地实现另外的修改,因此在不背离权利要求及等同范围所限定的一般概念下,本发明并不限于特定的细节和这里示出与描述的图例。
Claims (8)
1.白头翁皂苷组合物在制备防脱发产品中的应用,其特征在于,白头翁皂苷组合物包括重量比为4:1的白头翁皂苷B4和白头翁皂苷B5。
2.如权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,防脱发产品包括洗护产品和药物。
3.如权利要求2所述的应用,其特征在于,洗护产品包括洗发水、护发素、护发精华液以及护发精油。
4.如权利要求2所述的应用,其特征在于,所述药物含有治疗有效量的白头翁皂苷的盐酸盐、高氯酸盐、甲磺酸盐、磷酸盐、柠檬酸盐或硫酸盐和药学上可接受的载体。
5.如权利要求4所述的应用,其特征在于,药学上可接受的载体包括稀释剂、增溶剂、潜溶剂、崩解剂、分散剂、润滑剂、矫味剂、抗氧剂、粘合剂、湿润剂、缓冲剂。
6.如权利要求2所述的应用,其特征在于,所述药物被制成药学上允许的剂型,所述剂型包括凝胶剂、粉剂、气雾剂、乳膏剂。
7.如权利要求6所述的应用,其特征在于,取硬脂酸、单硬脂酸甘油酯、蓖麻油,于水浴中加热至70-85℃,搅拌其至完全融化,为油相;另取甘油、白头翁皂苷组合物和蒸馏水于水浴上加热至70-85℃,边搅拌边加入三乙醇胺,使白头翁皂苷组合物完全溶解,为水相;在不断搅拌下将油相以细流加入到水相中,并不断顺向搅拌至22-28℃,即得乳膏剂。
8.如权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,白头翁皂苷组合物的给药剂量为不低于4mg/kg•d。
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