CN114929676A - 作为乙醇酸氧化酶抑制剂的杂环羧酸酯化合物 - Google Patents
作为乙醇酸氧化酶抑制剂的杂环羧酸酯化合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114929676A CN114929676A CN202080090874.4A CN202080090874A CN114929676A CN 114929676 A CN114929676 A CN 114929676A CN 202080090874 A CN202080090874 A CN 202080090874A CN 114929676 A CN114929676 A CN 114929676A
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- alkyl
- optionally substituted
- independently
- substituted
- haloalkyl
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- -1 Heterocyclic carboxylate compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 163
- 102100038837 2-Hydroxyacid oxidase 1 Human genes 0.000 title claims description 56
- 108010062584 glycollate oxidase Proteins 0.000 title claims description 52
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 title claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 139
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 304
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 203
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 161
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 160
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 154
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 101
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 96
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 96
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 92
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 92
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 89
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 83
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 78
- 125000004765 (C1-C4) haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 68
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 65
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 60
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 53
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 35
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical group 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 28
- 125000002911 monocyclic heterocycle group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 26
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- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 208000000913 Kidney Calculi Diseases 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000006545 (C1-C9) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
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- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 12
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- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- 125000002619 bicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 claims description 6
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- JVHXJTBJCFBINQ-ADAARDCZSA-N Dapagliflozin Chemical group C1=CC(OCC)=CC=C1CC1=CC([C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)=CC=C1Cl JVHXJTBJCFBINQ-ADAARDCZSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960001713 canagliflozin Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- VHOFTEAWFCUTOS-TUGBYPPCSA-N canagliflozin hydrate Chemical compound O.CC1=CC=C([C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)C=C1CC(S1)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(F)C=C1.CC1=CC=C([C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)C=C1CC(S1)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 VHOFTEAWFCUTOS-TUGBYPPCSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960003834 dapagliflozin Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 101000629622 Homo sapiens Serine-pyruvate aminotransferase Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 102100026842 Serine-pyruvate aminotransferase Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
- 108020004459 Small interfering RNA Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940123518 Sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002532 enzyme inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- HHLFWLYXYJOTON-UHFFFAOYSA-N glyoxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=O HHLFWLYXYJOTON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001508 potassium citrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960002635 potassium citrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- QEEAPRPFLLJWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium citrate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O QEEAPRPFLLJWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011082 potassium citrates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000000891 primary hyperoxaluria type 1 Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940125532 enzyme inhibitor Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005346 substituted cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 101001031589 Homo sapiens 2-Hydroxyacid oxidase 1 Proteins 0.000 abstract description 10
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 273
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-VMNATFBRSA-N methanol-d1 Chemical compound [2H]OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-VMNATFBRSA-N 0.000 description 130
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- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 45
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 45
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 41
- 238000010511 deprotection reaction Methods 0.000 description 40
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 40
- 238000010898 silica gel chromatography Methods 0.000 description 39
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 38
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 36
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 34
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 34
- 238000010931 ester hydrolysis Methods 0.000 description 34
- 238000006069 Suzuki reaction reaction Methods 0.000 description 32
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 31
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 30
- 125000004356 hydroxy functional group Chemical group O* 0.000 description 29
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- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 26
- 208000035475 disorder Diseases 0.000 description 25
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 24
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- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 23
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 22
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 22
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 21
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 20
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 20
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
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- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 17
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoroacetic acid Substances OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
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- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
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- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
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- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 13
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- HFMDLUQUEXNBOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-amino-1-[[1-[[4-amino-1-oxo-1-[[6,9,18-tris(2-aminoethyl)-15-benzyl-3-(1-hydroxyethyl)-12-(2-methylpropyl)-2,5,8,11,14,17,20-heptaoxo-1,4,7,10,13,16,19-heptazacyclotricos-21-yl]amino]butan-2-yl]amino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxobutan-2-yl] Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O.N1C(=O)C(CCN)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCN)NC(=O)C(C(C)O)NC(=O)C(CCN)NC(=O)CCCCC(C)CC)CCNC(=O)C(C(C)O)NC(=O)C(CCN)NC(=O)C(CCN)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C1CC1=CC=CC=C1 HFMDLUQUEXNBOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
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Classifications
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Abstract
本公开大体上涉及人乙醇酸氧化酶的调节剂及其使用和制备方法。式I
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
根据35U.S.C.§119(e),本申请要求获得2019年11月1日提交的美国临时申请No.62/929,476和2020年10月16日提交的No.63/093,094的权益,每一个申请在此通过引用以其全文并入本文。
技术领域
本公开涉及用于治疗1型原发性高草酸尿症和复发性肾结石形成者的化合物、组合物和方法。本公开涉及新型取代杂环羧酸酯化合物及其制备方法,以及其作为治疗剂或预防剂的用途。特别地,本公开提供了人乙醇酸氧化酶的新型抑制剂、含有此类化合物的药物组合物、以及使用这些化合物治疗1型原发性高草酸尿症和复发性肾结石形成者的方法。
背景技术
肾结石影响了大量人群。在美国,肾结石的患病率为8.8%,男性为10.6%,女性为7.1%。该疾病也发生在1型原发性高草酸尿症(PH1)中,这可能是由遗传缺陷的酶活性引起。由于乙醇酸氧化酶的高活性,那些患者会表现出乙醛酸盐和草酸盐产生以及草酸钙结石沉积的显著增加。移除肾结石的医疗程序是存在的,并且是有效的。然而,在这些程序之后,肾结石的复发率可能很高(例如,超过50%)。因此,需要抑制乙醇酸氧化酶活性的药物来治疗PH1患者,并降低肾结石形成者的肾结石复发率。
发明内容
本公开涉及抑制人乙醇酸氧化酶活性的新型取代杂环羧酸酯化合物,包括其立体异构体、药学上可接受的盐和前药,以及此类化合物在治疗1型原发性高草酸尿症中的用途。本公开的化合物可用于治疗复发性肾结石形成者。
一方面,提供了具有式I结构的化合物:
或其药学上可接受的盐、互变异构体、立体异构体、立体异构体的混合物或氘化类似物,其中A、R1和R2如本文所描述。
在某些实施例中,本公开提供了药物组合物,其包含治疗有效量的本公开的化合物(例如式I化合物或通篇描述的其它式的化合物)和至少一种药学上可接受的赋形剂。在某些实施例中,本文提供了药物组合物,其包含化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、互变异构体、立体异构体、立体异构体的混合物或氘化类似物。
一些实施例提供了在哺乳动物(特别是人)的疾病或病症的治疗中使用(或施用)式I化合物或通篇描述的其它式的化合物的方法,该疾病或病症可由人乙醇酸氧化酶抑制剂治疗。
一些实施例提供了在哺乳动物(特别是人)的疾病或病症的治疗中使用(或施用)本文描述的化合物的方法,该疾病或病症可由人乙醇酸氧化酶抑制剂治疗。
附图说明
图1显示了在SD大鼠中以5.0mg/kg的剂量口服实例2后实例2和实例68的血浆浓度-时间曲线(平均值±SD,n=3)。
图2显示了在SD大鼠中以1.0mg/kg静脉内输注30分钟和以5.0mg/kg的口服剂量后实例68的血浆浓度-时间曲线(平均值±SD,n=3)。
图3显示了实例168和实例175在SD大鼠中的血浆浓度-时间曲线。
图4显示了实例168和实例175在雄性比格犬中的血浆浓度-时间曲线。
具体实施方式
定义和一般参数
以下描述阐述了示例性方法、参数等。然而,应当认识到,这样的描述并非旨在限制本公开的范围,而是作为对示例性实施例的描述而提供。
如本说明书中所使用的,除非在使用它们的上下文中另有说明,否则以下词语、短语和符号通常具有如下所述的含义。
不在两个字母或符号之间的破折号(“-”)用于表示取代基的连接点。例如,-C(O)NH2通过碳原子连接。化学基团的前端或末端的破折号是为了方便;化学基团可以用一个或多个破折号来描绘,也可以不用破折号来描绘,而不会失去它们通常的含义。穿过结构中的线绘制的波浪线表示基团的连接点。除非化学或结构上要求,否则书写或命名化学基团的顺序不指示或暗示方向性。
前缀“Cu-v”表示下列基团具有u至v个碳原子。例如,“C1-6烷基”表示烷基具有1-6个碳原子。
与数量结合使用的修饰语“约”包括所述值,并且具有上下文所规定的含义(例如,包括与特定数量的测量相关的误差度)。此外,除非上下文另有明确规定,单数形式“一个”和“该”包括复数引用。因此,例如,对“该化合物”的引用包括多种这样的化合物,并且对“该测定”的引用包括对本领域技术人员已知的一种或多种测定及其等同物的引用。
“烷基”是指未支化或支化的饱和烃链。如本文所用,烷基具有1-20个碳原子(即C1-20烷基)、1-8个碳原子(即C1-8烷基)、1-6个碳原子(即C1-6烷基)或1-4个碳原子(即C1-4烷基)。烷基的例子包括甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、正丁基、仲丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、戊基、2-戊基、异戊基、新戊基、己基、2-己基、3-己基和3-甲基戊基。当具有特定碳数的烷基残基通过化学名命名或通过分子式确定时,可以包括具有该碳数的所有位置异构体;因此,例如“丁基”包括正丁基(即-(CH2)3CH3)、仲丁基(即-CH(CH3)CH2CH3)、异丁基(即-CH2CH(CH3)2)和叔丁基(即-C(CH3)3);“丙基”包括正丙基(即-(CH2)2CH3)和异丙基(即-CH(CH3)2)。
“烯基”是指含有至少一个碳-碳双键且具有2-20个碳原子的烷基(即,C2120烯基)、2-8个碳原子(即,C2-8烯基)、2-6个碳原子(即,C2-6烯基)或2-4个碳原子(即,C2-4烯基)。烯基的例子包括乙烯基、丙烯基、丁二烯基(包括1,2-丁二烯基和1,3-丁二烯基)。
“炔基”是指含有至少一个碳-碳三键并具有2-20个碳原子的烷基(即C2-20炔基)、2-8个碳原子的烷基(即C2-8炔基)、2-6个碳原子的烷基(即C2-6炔基)或2-4个碳原子的烷基(即C2-4炔基)。术语“炔基”还包括具有一个三键和一个双键的那些基团。
“烷氧基”是指“烷基-O-”基团。烷氧基的例子包括甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、异丙氧基、正丁氧基、叔丁氧基、仲丁氧基、正戊氧基、正己氧基和1,2-二甲基丁氧基。
“卤代烷氧基”是指如上定义的烷氧基,其中一个或多个氢原子被卤元素替代。
“烷硫基”是指“烷基-S-”基团。
“酰基”是指-C(O)R基团,其中R为氢、烷基、环烷基、杂环基、芳基、杂烷基或杂芳基;如本文所定义的,它们中的每一个都可以可选地被取代。酰基的例子包括甲酰基、乙酰基、环己基碳酰基(cylcohexylcarbonyl)、环己基甲基-碳酰基(cyclohexylmethyl-carbonyl)和苯甲酰基。
“酰氨基(amido)”是指“C-酰氨基”基团(指基团-C(O)NRyRz)和“N-酰氨基”基团(指基团-NRyC(O)Rz),其中Ry和Rz独立地选自氢、烷基、芳基、卤代烷基或杂芳基组成的组;它们中的每一个都可以可选地被取代。
“氨基(amino)”是指基团-NRyRz,其中Ry和Rz独立地选自氢、烷基、卤代烷基、芳基或杂芳基组成的组;它们中的每一个都可以可选地被取代。
“芳基”是指具有单环(例如单环)或多环(例如双环或三环)的芳香族碳环基团,包括稠合体系(fused system)。如本文所用,芳基具有6-20个环碳原子(即,C6-20芳基)、6-12个碳环原子(即,C6-12芳基)或6-10个碳环原子(即,C6-10芳基)。芳基的例子包括苯基、萘基、芴基和蒽基。然而,芳基不以任何方式包括或重叠于下文所定义的杂芳基。如果一个或多个芳基与杂芳基稠合,则所得的环系为杂芳基。如果一个或多个芳基与杂环基稠合,则所得的环系为杂环基。
“氨基甲酰基”是指“O-氨基甲酰基”基团(指-O-C(O)NRyRz基团)和“N-氨基甲酰基”基团(指-NRyC(O)ORz基团),其中Ry和Rz独立地选自氢、烷基、芳基、卤代烷基或杂芳基;它们中的每一个都可以可选地被取代。
“羧基酯”是指-OC(O)R和-C(O)OR,其中R为氢、烷基、环烷基、杂环基、芳基、杂烷基或杂芳基;如本文所定义的,它们中的每一个都可以可选地被取代。
“环烷基”是指具有单环或多环的饱和或部分不饱和的环状烷基,包括稠合体系、桥环体系和螺环体系。术语“环烷基”包括环烯基(即具有至少一个双键的环状基团)。本文所用的环烷基具有3-20个环碳原子(即C3-20环烷基)、3-12个环碳原子(即C3-12环烷基)、3-10个环碳原子(即C3-10环烷基)、3-8个环碳原子(即C3-8环烷基)或3-6个环碳原子(即C3-6环烷基)。环烷基的例子包括环丙基、环丁基、环戊基和环己基。
“亚氨基”是指-C(NR)R基团,其中每个R为烷基、环烷基、杂环基、芳基、杂烷基或杂芳基;如本文所定义的,它们中的每一个都可以可选地被取代。
“卤元素(halogen)”或“卤素(halo)”包括氟、氯、溴和碘。“卤代烷基”是指如上定义的未支化或支化的烷基,其中一个或多个氢原子被卤元素替代。例如,当残基被多于一个卤元素取代时,可以通过使用对应于所连接的卤元素部分的数量的前缀来指代该残基。二卤代烷基和三卤代烷基是指被两个(“二”)或三个(“三”)卤元素基团取代的烷基,它们可以是但不一定是相同的卤元素。卤代烷基的例子包括二氟甲基(-CHF2)和三氟甲基(-CF3)。
“杂烷基”是指其中一个或多个碳原子(和任何相关的氢原子)各自独立地被相同或不同的杂原子基团替代的烷基。术语“杂烷基”包括具有碳和杂原子的未支化或支化的饱和链。例如,1、2或3个碳原子可独立地被相同或不同的杂原子基团取代。杂原子基团包括但不限于-NR-、-O-、-S-、-S(O)-、-S(O)2-等,其中R为H、烷基、芳基、环烷基、杂烷基、杂芳基或杂环基,它们中的每一个都可以可选地被取代。杂烷基的例子包括-OCH3、-CH2OCH3、-SCH3、-CH2SCH3,-NRCH3,和-CH2NRCH3,其中R为氢、烷基、芳基、芳基烷基、杂烷基或杂芳基,它们中的每一个都可以可选地被取代。如本文所用,杂烷基包括1-10个碳原子、1-8个碳原子或1-4个碳原子;和1-3个杂原子、1-2个杂原子或1个杂原子。
“杂芳基”是指具有单环、多环或多稠环的芳香族基团,其中一个或多个环杂原子独立地选自氮、氧和硫。如本文所用,杂芳基包括1-20个环碳原子(即,C1-20杂芳基)、3-12个环碳原子(即,C3-12杂芳基)或3-8个碳环原子(即,C3-8杂芳基);和1-5个杂原子、1-4个杂原子、1-3个环杂原子、1-2个环杂原子或1个环杂原子,该环杂原子独立地选自氮、氧和硫。杂芳基的非限制性例子包括但不限于吖庚因基、吖啶基、苯并咪唑基、苯并噻唑基、苯并吲哚基、苯并二氧杂环戊烯基、苯并呋喃基、苯并噁唑基、苯并噻唑基、苯并噻二唑基、苯并[b][1,4]二氧杂环庚烯基、1,4-苯并二噁烷、苯并萘并呋喃基、苯并噁唑基、苯并二氧杂环戊烯基、苯并二噁英、苯并吡喃基、苯并吡喃酮基、苯并呋喃基、苯并呋喃酮基、苯并噻嗯基(苯并噻吩基)、苯并三唑基、苯并[4,6]咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶基、咔唑基、噌啉基、二苯并呋喃基、二苯并噻吩基、呋喃基、呋喃酮基、异噻唑基、咪唑基、吲唑基、吲哚基、吲唑基、异吲哚基、吲哚啉基、异吲哚啉基、异喹啉基、吲哚嗪基、异噁唑基、萘啶基、噁二唑基、2-氧代吖庚因基、噁唑基、环氧乙烷基、1-氧化吡啶基、1-氧化嘧啶基、1-氧化吡嗪基、1-氧化哒嗪基、1-苯基-1H-吡咯基、吩嗪基、吩噻嗪基、吩噁嗪基、酞嗪基、蝶啶基、嘌呤基、吡咯基、吡唑基、吡啶基、吡嗪基、嘧啶基、哒嗪基、喹唑啉基、喹喔啉基、喹啉基、奎宁环基、异喹啉基、四氢喹啉基、噻唑基、噻二唑基、三唑基、四唑基、三嗪基和噻吩基。稠合的杂芳基环可通过稠合体系的任一环结合。具有单个或多个稠环、含有至少一个杂原子的任何芳环都被认为是杂芳基,无论与分子其余部分的连接如何(即,通过稠环中的任一个)。杂芳基不包括或重叠于如上定义的芳基。
“杂环基”是指具有一个或多个环杂原子的饱和或不饱和环烷基,该环杂原子独立地选自氮、氧和硫。术语“杂环基”包括杂环烯基(即具有至少一个双键的杂环基)、桥接杂环基、稠合杂环基和螺杂环基。杂环基可以是单环或多环,其中多环可以是稠环、桥环或螺环。含有至少一个杂原子的任何非芳环都被认为是杂环基,无论连接如何(即,可以通过碳原子或杂原子结合)。此外,术语杂环基旨在包括含有至少一个杂原子的任何非芳环,该环可以与芳环或杂芳基环稠合,无论与分子其余部分的连接如何。如本文所用,杂环基具有2-20个环碳原子(即C2-20杂环基)、2-12个环碳原子(即C2-12杂环基)、2-10个环碳原子(即C2-10杂环基)、2-8个环碳原子(即C2-8杂环基)、3-12个环碳原子(即C3-12杂环基)、3-8个环碳原子(即C3-8杂环基)或3-6个环碳原子(即C3-6杂环基);具有1-5个环杂原子、1-4个环杂原子、1-3个环杂原子、1-2个环杂原子或1个环杂原子,该环杂原子独立地选自氮、硫或氧,和可选的一个或多个氧代基团。杂环基的例子包括吡咯烷基、哌啶基、哌嗪基、氧杂环丁烷基、二氧戊环基、氮杂环丁烷基和吗啉基。如本文所用,术语“桥接杂环基”是指在杂环基的两个非相邻原子处连接的四元至十元环部分,其中一个或多个(例如1或2)四元至十元环部分具有至少一个杂原子,其中每个杂原子独立地选自氮、氧和硫。如本文所用,桥接杂环基包括二环和三环体系。也在本文中使用的,术语“螺杂环基”是指其中三元至十元杂环基具有一个或多个附加环的环系,其中一个或多个附加环为三元至十元环烷基或三元至十元杂环基,其中一个或多个附加环的单个原子也是三元至十元杂环基的原子。螺杂环基环的例子包括双环和三环体系,例如2-氧杂-7-氮杂螺[3.5]壬烷基、2-氧杂-6-氮杂螺[3.4]辛烷基和6-氧杂-1-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷基。稠合杂环基环的例子包括但不限于1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉基、4,5,6,7-四氢噻吩并[2,3-c]吡啶基、吲哚啉基和异吲哚啉基(例如2-甲基异喹啉-1(2H)-酮),其中杂环基可通过稠合体系的任一环连接。
“氧代”是指(=O)或(O)基团。
“磺酰基”是指-S(O)2R基团,其中R为烷基、卤代烷基、杂环基、环烷基、杂芳基或芳基。磺酰基的例子为甲磺酰基、乙磺酰基、苯磺酰基和甲苯磺酰基。
“烷基磺酰基”是指-S(O)2R基团,其中R为烷基。
“烷基亚磺酰基”是指-S(O)R基团,其中R为烷基。
“硫醇”是指-SR基团,其中R为烷基、卤代烷基、杂环基、环烷基、杂芳基或芳基。
可以使用某些常用的替代化学名称。例如,二价基团如二价“烷基”基团、二价“芳基”基团等也可以分别称为“亚烷基(alkylene)”基团或“亚烷基(alkylenyl)”基团、“亚芳基(arylene)”基团或“亚芳基(arylenyl)”基团。此外,除非另有明确说明,否则在本文中将基团组合称为一个部分(例如芳基烷基)时,最后提及的基团含有原子,该部分通过该原子连接至分子其余部分。
术语“可选的”或“可选地”是指随后描述的事件或情况可能发生或可能不发生,并且该描述包括所述事件或情况发生的实例和所述事件或情况不发生的实例。此外,术语“可选地被取代”是指在指定原子或基团上的任何一个或多个氢原子可以被或可以不被除氢以外的部分替代。
一些化合物以互变异构体存在。互变异构体彼此处于平衡。例如,含酰胺的化合物可以与亚胺酸互变异构体平衡存在。无论显示哪种互变异构体,并且无论互变异构体之间的平衡性质如何,本领域普通技术人员理解这些化合物包含酰胺互变异构体和亚胺酸互变异构体。因此,含酰胺的化合物被理解为包括它们的亚胺酸互变异构体。同样,含亚胺酸的化合物应理解为包括它们的酰胺互变异构体。
本文给出的任何式或结构也旨在表示化合物的未标记形式以及同位素标记形式。同位素标记的化合物具有由本文给出的式描绘的结构,除了一个或多个原子被具有选定原子质量或质量数的原子替代。可并入本公开化合物中的同位素的例子包括氢、碳、氮、氧、磷、氟和氯的同位素,例如(但不限于)2H(氘、D)、3H(氚)、11C、13C、14C、15N、18F、31P、32P、35S、36Cl和125I。本发明的各种同位素标记的化合物,例如其中并入放射性同位素如3H、13C和14C的那些。这种同位素标记的化合物可用于代谢研究、反应动力学研究、检测或成像技术,例如正电子发射断层扫描(PET,positron emission tomography)或单光子发射计算机断层扫描(SPECT,single-photon emission computed tomography),包括药物或底物组织分布测定,或用于患者的放射性治疗。
本公开还包括式I化合物的“氘化类似物”,其中连接至碳原子的1至n个氢被氘替代,其中n为分子中氢的数目。这种化合物表现出对代谢的抗性增加,因此当施用于哺乳动物、特别是人时,可用于增加任何式I化合物的半衰期。参见,例如,Foster,“药物代谢研究中氘同位素效应”,药物学研究进展,5(12):524-527(1984)(Foster,“Deuterium IsotopeEffects in Studies of Drug Metabolism,”Trends Pharmacol.Sci.5(12):524-527(1984))。这种化合物通过本领域公知的方法合成,例如通过使用其中一个或多个氢被氘取代的起始原料合成。
本公开的氘标记或氘取代的治疗性化合物可具有改善的DMPK(药物代谢和药物动力学)特性,涉及分布、代谢和排泄(ADME)。用较重同位素(如氘)取代可提供某些治疗优势,这些优势源于更大的代谢稳定性,例如增加的体内半衰期、降低的剂量需求和/或治疗指数的改进。18F标记的化合物可用于PET或SPECT研究。本公开的同位素标记化合物及其前药通常可通过进行下文中描述的方案或实例和制备中公开的程序来制备,通过用容易获得的同位素标记的试剂取代非同位素标记的试剂。应理解,本文中氘被认为是式I化合物中的取代基。
这种较重同位素(特别是氘)的浓度可以由同位素富集系数定义。在本公开的化合物中,任何没有特别指定为特定同位素的原子都意在表示该原子的任何稳定同位素。除非另有说明,当一个位置被具体指定为“H”或“氢”时,该位置被理解为在其天然丰度同位素组成中含有氢。因此,在本公开的化合物中,任何具体指定为氘(D)的原子意在表示氘。
在许多情况下,本公开的化合物由于氨基和/或羧基或与其类似的基团的存在而形成酸式盐和/或碱式盐。
还提供了本文描述的化合物的药学上可接受的盐、水合物、溶剂化物、互变异构形式、多晶型物和前药。“药学上可接受的”或“生理学上可接受的”是指化合物、盐、组合物、剂型和其它材料,该其它材料可用于制备适于兽医或人类药学用途的药物组合物。
术语给定化合物的“药学上可接受的盐”是指保留给定化合物的生物有效性和特性的盐,并且该盐不是生物学或其它方面不期望的。“药学上可接受的盐”或“生理学上可接受的盐”包括例如与无机酸的盐和与有机酸的盐。此外,如果本文描述的化合物以酸加成盐的形式获得,则游离碱可通过碱化酸式盐溶液而获得。相反,如果产物是游离碱,则加成盐(特别是药学上可接受的加成盐)可以按照从碱化合物制备酸加成盐的常规程序,通过将游离碱溶解在合适的有机溶剂中并用酸处理该溶液来制备。本领域技术人员将认识到可用于制备无毒的药学上可接受的加成盐的各种合成方法。药学上可接受的酸加成盐可以由无机和有机酸制备。盐衍生自无机酸,该无机酸包括盐酸、氢溴酸、硫酸、硝酸、磷酸等。盐衍生自有机酸,该有机酸包括乙酸、丙酸、乙醇酸、丙酮酸、草酸、苹果酸、丙二酸、琥珀酸、马来酸、富马酸、酒石酸、柠檬酸、苯甲酸、肉桂酸、扁桃酸、甲磺酸、乙磺酸、对甲苯磺酸、水杨酸等。同样,药学上可接受的碱加成盐可以由无机和有机碱制备。衍生自无机碱的盐包括,仅举例来说,钠盐、钾盐、锂盐、铵盐、钙盐和镁盐。衍生自有机碱的盐包括但不限于伯胺、仲胺和叔胺的盐,例如烷基胺(即NH2(烷基))、二烷基胺(即HN(烷基)2)、三烷基胺(即N(烷基)3)、取代烷基胺(即NH2(取代烷基))、二(取代烷基)胺(即HN(取代烷基)2)、三(取代烷基)胺(即N(取代烷基)3)、烯基胺(即NH2(烯基))、二烯基胺(即HN(烯基)2)、三烯基胺(即N(烯基)3)、取代烯基胺(即NH2(取代烯基))、二(取代烯基)胺(即HN(取代烯基)2)、三(取代烯基)胺(即N(取代烯基)3)、单环烷基胺、二环烷基胺或三环烷基胺(即NH2(环烷基)、HN(环烷基)2、N(环烷基)3),一芳胺、二芳胺或三芳胺(即NH2(芳基)、HN(芳基)2、N(芳基)3)或混合胺等。合适的胺的具体例子包括,仅举例来说,异丙胺、三甲胺、二乙胺、三(异丙基)胺、三(正丙基)胺、乙醇胺、2-二甲基氨基乙醇、哌嗪、哌啶、吗啉、N-乙基哌啶等。
术语“取代”是指在指定的原子或基团上的任何一个或多个氢原子被一个或多个除氢之外的取代基替代,条件是不超过指定原子的正常化合价。该一个或多个取代基包括但不限于烷基、烯基、炔基、烷氧基、酰基、氨基、酰氨基、脒基、芳基、叠氮基、氨基甲酰基、羧基、羧基酯、氰基、胍基、卤素、卤代烷基、卤代烷氧基、杂烷基、杂芳基、杂环基、羟基、肼基、亚氨基、氧代、硝基、烷基亚磺酰基、磺酸、烷基磺酰基、硫氰酸酯、硫醇、硫酮或其组合。通过定义具有无限附加的其它取代基的取代基(例如,具有取代烷基的取代芳基,其本身被取代芳基取代,进一步又被取代杂烷基取代,等)而得到的聚合物或类似的不确定结构不旨在包括在本申请中。除非另有说明,本文描述的化合物中的连续取代的最大数目为三。例如,取代的芳基与其它两个取代的芳基的连续取代限于((取代芳基)取代的芳基)。类似地,上述定义不旨在包括不允许的取代模式(例如,被5个氟或具有两个相邻氧环原子的杂芳基取代的甲基)。这种不允许的取代模式是本领域技术人员公知的。当用于修饰化学基团时,术语“取代”可以描述本文定义的其它化学基团。除非另有说明,否则当基团被描述为可选地取代时,该基团的任何取代基本身是未取代的。例如,在一些实施例中,术语“取代烷基”是指具有一个或多个取代基的烷基,该取代基包括羟基、卤素、烷氧基、环烷基、杂环基、芳基和杂芳基。在其它实施例中,一个或多个取代基可进一步被卤素、烷基、卤代烷基、羟基、烷氧基、环烷基、杂环基、芳基或杂芳基取代,其中的每一个都被取代。在其它实施例中,取代基可进一步被卤素、烷基、卤代烷基、烷氧基、羟基、环烷基、杂环基、芳基或杂芳基取代,其中的每一个都是未取代的。
在某些实施例中,如本文所用,短语“一个或多个”是指一至五个。在某些实施例中,如本文所用,短语“一个或多个”是指一至三个。
如本文所用,“药学上可接受的载体”或“药学上可接受的赋形剂”包括任何和所有溶剂、分散介质、包衣、抗细菌和抗真菌剂、等渗剂和吸收延迟剂等。这种介质和试剂用于药物活性物质的用途是本领域公知的。除非任何常规介质或试剂与活性成分不相容,否则考虑其在治疗组合物中的用途。补充的活性成分也可以并入组合物中。
“溶剂化物”是通过溶剂和化合物的相互作用形成的。还提供了本文描述的化合物的盐的溶剂化物。还提供了本文描述的化合物的水合物。
化合物
本文提供了用作乙醇酸氧化酶抑制剂的化合物。在某些实施例中,本文提供式I化合物:
或其药学上可接受的盐、互变异构体、立体异构体、立体异构体的混合物或氘化类似物,其中
A为N或CH;
R1为炔基、环烷基、芳基、杂芳基或杂环基,其中每一个可选地被1-3个R3取代;
R2为氢、-(CH2CH2O)1-9CH2CH2OCH3、可选地被1-3个R4取代的C1-6烷基、环烷基或可选地被1-3个R5取代的杂芳基;
每个R3独立地为氰基、卤素、-L-C1-9烷基、-L-C1-4卤代烷基、-L-OC1-4卤代烷基、-NR7R8、-C(O)NR7R8、-S(O)2NR7R8、-NR7C(O)R8、-OR7、-L-芳基、-L-杂芳基或-L-杂环基,其中每一个可选地被1-3个R6取代,并且每个L独立地为-C≡C-或不存在L;
每个R4独立地为卤素、羟基、-OC1-6烷基、-NH2、-NHC1-6烷基、-N(C1-6烷基)2、-OC(O)Ra、-OC(O)ORa、-OP(O)(ORb)2或单环杂环基;其中每一个可选地被1-3个R5取代;条件是只有一个R4为杂环基;
每个R5独立地为氰基、卤素、C1-4烷基、羟基、-OC1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基或-OC1-4卤代烷基;
每个R6独立地为氰基、卤素、-C(O)R7、-C(O)OR7、-C(O)NR7R8、-S(O)2NR7R8、-NR7C(O)R8、-OR7、C1-4烷基、-OC1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-OC1-4卤代烷基、苯基、杂环基或杂芳基;其中每一个可选地被1-3个C1-4烷基、-C(O)OH或C1-4卤代烷基取代;
R7和R8各自独立地为氢、C1-4烷基或苯基、吡啶基,或R7和R8与它们所连接的氮原子一起形成杂环基;
每个Ra独立地为可选地被-NH2、-NHC1-6烷基、-N(C1-6烷基)2或-OP(O)(ORb)2取代的C1-6烷基;
每个Rb独立地为氢或C1-4烷基。
在一些实施例中,当A为N时,以下中的至少一项成立:
1)R1为可选地被1-3个R3取代的稠合三环;
2)R1为可选地取代的稠合双环,其被至少一个R3取代,R3选自氰基、-C≡C-C1-9烷基、-被1-3个R6取代的C1-9烷基、-C≡C-C1-4卤代烷基、-C≡C-OC1-4卤代烷基、-NR7R8、-C(O)NR7R8、-S(O)2NR7R8、-NR7C(O)R8、-O-C1-4烷基、-O-苯基、-L-芳基、-L-杂芳基或-L-杂环基,其中每一个还可选地被1-3个R6取代,并且每个L独立地为-C≡C-或不存在L;
3)R1为取代的单环,其被至少一个选自以下的R3取代:
i)氰基、-C≡C-C1-9烷基、-C≡C-C1-4卤代烷基、-C≡C-OC1-4卤代烷基、-NR7R8、-C(O)NR7R8、-S(O)2NR7R8、-NR7C(O)R8、-C≡C-芳基、-C≡C-杂芳基或-C≡C-杂环基,其中每一个还可选地被1-3个R6取代;
ii)单环芳基、单环杂芳基或单环杂环基,其中每一个还被1-3个以下基团取代:氰基、-C(O)R7、-C(O)OR7、-C(O)NR7R8、-S(O)2NR7R8、-NR7C(O)R8、C1-4烷基、-OC1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、苯基、杂环基或杂芳基;其中每一个可选地被1-3个C1-4烷基、-C(O)OH或C1-4卤代烷基取代;
iii)可选地取代的稠合芳基、可选地取代的稠合杂芳基或可选地取代的稠合杂环基,其中每一个还可选地被1-3个R6取代;或
iv)式-L1-L2的取代基,其中L1为芳基、杂芳基或杂环基,其中每一个可选地被1-3个R6取代;且L2为苯基、杂环基或杂芳基,其中每一个可选地被1一3个C1-4烷基、-C(O)OH或C1-4卤代烷基取代;或
4)R2为-(CH2CH2O)1-9CH2CH2OCH3、被1-3个R4取代的C1-6烷基、环烷基或可选地被1-3个R5取代的杂芳基;以及
在一些实施例中,当A为CH时,R1不是被甲氧基和甲基取代的10元杂芳基;或R1不是可选地被1-3个取代基取代的C6芳基,该取代基独立地选自氰基、卤素、C1-4烷基、-OR7、C1-4卤代烷基和NR7R8,其中R7和R8各自独立地为氢或C1-4烷基;或R1不是未取代的C10芳基;或R1不是未取代的杂环基。
一方面,提供了具有式I结构的化合物:
或其药学上可接受的盐、互变异构体、立体异构体、立体异构体的混合物或氘化类似物,其中
A为N或CH;
R1为炔基、环烷基、芳基、杂芳基或杂环基,其中每一个可选地被1-3个R3取代;
R2为氢、-(CH2CH2O)1-9CH2CH2OCH3、可选地被1-3个R4取代的C1-6烷基、或可选地被1-3个R5取代的杂芳基;
每个R3独立地为氰基、卤素、-L-C1-9烷基、-L-C1-4卤代烷基、-L-OC1-4卤代烷基、-NR7R8、-C(O)NR7R8、-S(O)2NR7R8、-NR7C(O)R8、-OR7、-L-芳基、-L-杂芳基或-L-杂环基,其中每一个可选地被1-3个R6取代,且每个L独立地为键或-C≡C-;
每个R4独立地为卤素、羟基、-OC1-6烷基、-NH2、-NHC1-6烷基、-N(C1-6烷基)2或单环杂环基;其中每一个可选地被1-3个R5取代;条件是只有一个R4为杂环基;
每个R5独立地为氰基、卤素、C1-4烷基、羟基、-OC1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基或-OC1-4卤代烷基;
每个R6独立地为氰基、卤素、-C(O)R7、-C(O)OR7、-C(O)NR7R8、-S(O)2NR7R8、-NR7C(O)R8、-OR7、C1-4烷基、-OC1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-OC1-4卤代烷基、苯基、杂环基或杂芳基;其中每一个可选地被1-3个C1-4烷基、-C(O)OH或C1-4卤代烷基取代;
R7和R8各自独立地为氢、C1-4烷基或苯基、吡啶基,或R7和R8与它们所连接的氮原子一起形成杂环基。
在某些实施例中,当R1为苯基时,则R3为芳基或杂芳基,它们中的每一个可选地被1-3个R6取代。
在某些实施例中,当R1为杂芳基时,则R2不是未取代的C1-6烷基。
在某些实施例中,
A为N或CH;
R1为炔基、环烷基、芳基、杂芳基或杂环基,其中每一个可选地被1-3个R3取代;
R2为氢、-(CH2CH2O)1-9CH2CH2OCH3、可选地被1-3个R4取代的C1-6烷基、或可选地被1-3个R5取代的杂芳基;
每个R3独立地为卤素、-L-C1-9烷基、-C(O)NR7R8、-S(O)2NR7R8、-NR7C(O)R8,-OR7、-L-5-6元杂芳基或-L-5-6元杂环基,其中每一个可选地被1-3个R6取代,且每个L独立地为键或-C≡C-;
每个R4独立地为卤素、羟基、-OC1-6烷基、-NH2、-NHC1-6烷基、-N(C1-6烷基)2或单环杂环基;其中每一个可选地被1-3个R5取代;条件是只有一个R4为杂环基;
每个R5独立地为氰基、卤素、C1-4烷基、羟基、-OC1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基或-OC1-4卤代烷基;
每个R6独立地为氰基、卤素、C1-4烷基、羟基、-OC1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基或-OC1-4卤代烷基;且
R7和R8各自独立地为氢或C1-4烷基,或R7和R8与它们所连接的氮原子一起形成-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-。
还提供了式IIa化合物:
或其药学上可接受的盐、互变异构体、立体异构体、立体异构体的混合物或氘化类似物,其中
R1为炔基、环烷基、芳基、杂芳基或杂环基,其中每一个可选地被1-3个R3取代;
R2为氢、-(CH2CH2O)1-9CH2CH2OCH3、可选地被1-3个R4取代的C1-6烷基、或可选地被1-3个R5取代的杂芳基;
每个R3独立地为氰基、卤素、C1-9烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-OC1-4卤代烷基,-NR7R8,-C(O)NR7R8,-S(O)2NR7R8,-NR7C(O)R8,-OR7,芳基,杂芳基或杂环基,其中每一个可选地被1-3个R6取代,且每个L独立地为键或-C≡C-;
每个R4独立地为卤素、羟基、-OC1-6烷基、-NH2、-NHC1-6烷基、-N(C1-6烷基)2或单环杂环基;其中每一个可选地被1-3个R5取代;条件是只有一个R4为杂环基;
每个R5独立地为氰基、卤素、C1-4烷基、羟基、-OC1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基或-OC1-4卤代烷基;
每个R6独立地为氰基、卤素、-C(O)R7、-C(O)OR7、-C(O)NR7R8、-S(O)2NR7R8、-NR7C(O)R8、-OR7、C1-4烷基、-OC1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-OC1-4卤代烷基、苯基、杂环基或杂芳基;其中每一个可选地被1-3个C1-4烷基、-C(O)OH或C1-4卤代烷基取代;
R7和R8各自独立地为氢、C1-4烷基或苯基、吡啶基,或R7和R8与它们所连接的氮原子一起形成杂环基。
在某些实施例中,提供了式IIa化合物:
或其药学上可接受的盐、互变异构体、立体异构体、立体异构体的混合物或氘化类似物,其中
R1为炔基、环烷基、芳基、杂芳基或杂环基,其中每一个可选地被1-3个R3取代;
R2为氢、-(CH2CH2O)1-9CH2CH2OCH3、可选地被1-3个R4取代的C1-6烷基、环烷基或可选地被1-3个R5取代的杂芳基;
每个R3独立地为氰基、卤素、-L-C1-9烷基、-L-C1-4卤代烷基、-L-OC1-4卤代烷基、-NR7R8、-C(O)NR7R8、-S(O)2NR7R8、-NR7C(O)R8、-OR7、-L-芳基、-L-杂芳基或-L-杂环基,其中每一个可选地被1-3个R6取代,并且每个L独立地为-C≡C-或不存在L;
每个R4独立地为卤素、羟基、-OC1-6烷基、-NH2、-NHC1-6烷基、-N(C1-6烷基)2、-OC(O)Ra、-OC(O)ORa、-OP(O)(ORb)2或单环杂环基;其中每一个可选地被1-3个R5取代;条件是只有一个R4为杂环基;
每个R5独立地为氰基、卤素、C1-4烷基、羟基、-OC1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基或-OC1-4卤代烷基;
每个R6独立地为氰基、卤素、-C(O)R7、-C(O)OR7、-C(O)NR7R8、-S(O)2NR7R8、-NR7C(O)R8、-OR7、C1-4烷基、-OC1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-OC1-4卤代烷基、苯基、杂环基或杂芳基;其中每一个可选地被1-3个C1-4烷基、-C(O)OH或C1-4卤代烷基取代;
R7和R8各自独立地为氢、C1-4烷基或苯基、吡啶基,或R7和R8与它们所连接的氮原子一起形成杂环基;
每个Ra独立地为可选地被-NH2、-NHC1-6烷基、-N(C1-6烷基)2或-OP(O)(ORb)2取代的C1-6烷基;
每个Rb独立地为氢或C1-4烷基。
在一些实施例中,对于式IIa化合物,以下中的至少一项成立:
1)R1为可选地被1-3个R3取代的稠合三环;
2)R1为可选地取代的稠合双环,其被至少一个R3取代,R3选自氰基、-C≡C-C1-9烷基、-被1-3个R6取代的C1-9烷基、-C≡C-C1-4卤代烷基、-C≡C-OC1-4卤代烷基、-NR7R8、-C(O)NR7R8、-S(O)2NR7R8、-NR7C(O)R8、-O-C1-4烷基、-O-苯基、-L-芳基、-L-杂芳基或-L-杂环基,其中每一个还可选地被1-3个R6取代,并且每个L独立地为-C≡C-或不存在L;
3)R1为取代的单环,其被至少一个选自以下的R3取代:
i)氰基、-C≡C-C1-9烷基、-C≡C-C1-4卤代烷基、-C≡C-OC1-4卤代烷基、-NR7R8、-C(O)NR7R8、-S(O)2NR7R8、-NR7C(O)R8、-C≡C-芳基、-C≡C-杂芳基或-C≡C-杂环基,其中每一个还可选地被1-3个R6取代;
ii)单环芳基、单环杂芳基或单环杂环基,其中每一个还被1-3个以下基团取代:氰基、-C(O)R7、-C(O)OR7、-C(O)NR7R8、-S(O)2NR7R8、-NR7C(O)R8、C1-4烷基、-OC1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、苯基、杂环基或杂芳基;其中每一个可选地被1-3个C1-4烷基、-C(O)OH或C1-4卤代烷基取代;
iii)可选地取代的稠合芳基、可选地取代的稠合杂芳基或可选地取代的稠合杂环基,其中每一个还可选地被1-3个R6取代;或
iv)式-L1-L2的取代基,其中L1为芳基、杂芳基或杂环基,其中每一个可选地被1-3个R6取代;且L2为苯基、杂环基或杂芳基,其中每一个可选地被1-3个C1-4烷基、-C(O)OH或C1-4卤代烷基取代;或
4)R2为-(CH2CH2O)1-9CH2CH2OCH3、被1-3个R4取代的C1-6烷基、环烷基或可选地被1-3个R5取代的杂芳基。
还提供了式IIb化合物:
或其药学上可接受的盐、互变异构体、立体异构体、立体异构体的混合物或氘化类似物,其中
R1为炔基、环烷基、芳基、杂芳基或杂环基,其中每一个可选地被1-3个R3取代;
R2为氢、-(CH2CH2O)1-9CH2CH2OCH3、可选地被1-3个R4取代的C1-6烷基、环烷基或可选地被1-3个R5取代的杂芳基;
每个R3独立地为氰基、卤素、-L-C1-9烷基、-L-C1-4卤代烷基、-L-OC1-4卤代烷基、-NR7R8、-C(O)NR7R8、-S(O)2NR7R8、-NR7C(O)R8、-OR7、-L-芳基、-L-杂芳基或-L-杂环基,其中每一个可选地被1-3个R6取代,并且每个L独立地为-C≡C-或不存在L;
每个R4独立地为卤素、羟基、-OC1-6烷基、-NH2、-NHC1-6烷基、-N(C1-6烷基)2、-OC(O)Ra、-OC(O)ORa、-OP(O)(ORb)2或单环杂环基;其中每一个可选地被1-3个R5取代;条件是只有一个R4为杂环基;
每个R5独立地为氰基、卤素、C1-4烷基、羟基、-OC1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基或-OC1-4卤代烷基;
每个R6独立地为氰基、卤素、-C(O)R7、-C(O)OR7、-C(O)NR7R8、-S(O)2NR7R8、-NR7C(O)R8、-OR7、C1-4烷基、-OC1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-OC1-4卤代烷基、苯基、杂环基或杂芳基;其中每一个可选地被1-3个C1-4烷基、-C(O)OH或C1-4卤代烷基取代;
R7和R8各自独立地为氢、C1-4烷基或苯基、吡啶基,或R7和R8与它们所连接的氮原子一起形成杂环基;
每个Ra独立地为可选地被-NH2、-NHC1-6烷基、-N(C1-6烷基)2或-OP(O)(ORb)2取代的C1-6烷基;
每个Rb独立地为氢或C1-4烷基。
在一些实施例中,对于式IIb化合物,R1不是被甲氧基和甲基取代的10元杂芳基;或R1不是可选地被1-3个取代基取代的C6芳基,该取代基独立地选自氰基、卤素、C1-4烷基、-OR7、C1-4卤代烷基和NR7R8,其中R7和R8各自独立地为氢或C1-4烷基;或R1不是未取代的C10芳基;或R1不是未取代的杂环基。
在某些实施例中,A为N。在某些实施例中,A为CH。
在某些实施例中,R1为可选地被1-3个R3取代的芳基。
在某些实施例中,R1为可选地被1-3个R3取代的杂芳基。
在某些实施例中,R1为可选地被1-3个R3取代的杂环基。
在某些实施例中,R1为可选地被1-3个R3取代的环烷基。
在某些实施例中,L为键(即不存在)。在某些实施例中,L为-C≡C-。
在某些实施例中,R8和R9各自为卤素。在某些实施例中,R8和R9各自为氟。
在某些实施例中,R8和R9各自为氢。
在某些实施例中,R2为氢。
在某些实施例中,R3为卤素、C1-9烷基、C1-4卤代烷基或-OR7。
在某些实施例中,至少一个R3为卤素、C1-9烷基或-OR7。在某些实施例中,R3为卤素、C1-9烷基或-OR7。
在某些实施例中,至少一个R3为氟、氯、溴、甲基、叔丁基、甲氧基或苯氧基。在某些实施例中,R3为氟、氯、溴、甲基、叔丁基、甲氧基或苯氧基。
在某些实施例中,R3为可选地被1-3个R6取代的芳基。
在某些实施例中,至少一个R3为被苯基、杂环基或杂芳基取代的芳基。在某些实施例中,R3为被苯基、杂环基或杂芳基取代的芳基。
在某些实施例中,至少一个R3为被杂芳基取代的芳基,该杂芳基被C1-4烷基、-C(O)OH或C1-4卤代烷基取代。在某些实施例中,R3为被杂芳基取代的芳基,该杂芳基被C1-4烷基、-C(O)OH或C1-4卤代烷基取代。
在某些实施例中,至少一个R3为可选地被1-3个R6取代的杂环基。在某些实施例中,R3为可选地被1-3个R6取代的杂环基。
在某些实施例中,至少一个R3为可选地被1-3个R6取代的杂芳基。在某些实施例中,R3为可选地被1-3个R6取代的杂芳基。
在某些实施例中,R2为氢、可选地被1-3个R4取代的C1-6烷基、或环烷基;每个R4独立地为-OC(O)Ra、-OC(O)ORa、-OP(O)(ORb)2或单环杂环基;条件是只有一个R4为杂环基;每个Ra独立地为可选地被-NH2或-OP(O)(ORb)2取代的C1-6烷基;且Rb为氢。
在某些实施例中,本文提供了式III化合物:
或其药学上可接受的盐、互变异构体、立体异构体、立体异构体的混合物或氘化类似物,其中:
R2为氢、-(CH2CH2O)1-9CH2CH2OCH3、可选地被1-3个R4取代的C1-6烷基、环烷基或可选地被1-3个R5取代的杂芳基;
每个R3独立地为芳基、杂芳基或杂环基,其中每一个可选地被1-3个R6取代;
每个R4独立地为卤素、羟基、-OC1-6烷基、-NH2、-NHC1-6烷基、-N(C1-6烷基)2、-OC(O)Ra、-OC(O)ORa、-OP(O)(ORb)2或单环杂环基;其中每一个可选地被1-3个R5取代;条件是只有一个R4为杂环基;
每个R5独立地为氰基、卤素、C1-4烷基、羟基、-OC1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基或-OC1-4卤代烷基;
每个R6独立地为氰基、卤素、-C(O)R7、-C(O)OR7、-C(O)NR7R8、-S(O)2NR7R8、-NR7C(O)R8、-OR7、C1-4烷基、-OC1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-OC1-4卤代烷基、苯基、杂环基或杂芳基;其中每一个可选地被1-3个C1-4烷基、-C(O)OH或C1-4卤代烷基取代;
R7和R8各自独立地为氢、C1-4烷基、苯基或吡啶基,或R7和R8与它们所连接的氮原子一起形成杂环基;
每个Ra独立地为可选地被-NH2、-NHC1-6烷基、-N(C1-6烷基)2或-OP(O)(ORb)2取代的C1-6烷基;且
每个Rb独立地为氢或C1-4烷基。
在某些实施例中,本文提供了式IV化合物:
或其药学上可接受的盐、互变异构体、立体异构体、立体异构体的混合物或氘化类似物,其中:
R2为氢、-(CH2CH2O)1-9CH2CH2OCH3、可选地被1-3个R4取代的C1-6烷基、环烷基或可选地被1-3个R5取代的杂芳基;
每个R4独立地为卤素、羟基、-OC1-6烷基、-NH2、-NHC1-6烷基、-N(C1-6烷基)2、-OC(O)Ra、-OC(O)ORa、-OP(O)(ORb)2或单环杂环基;其中每一个可选地被1-3个R5取代;条件是只有一个R4为杂环基;
每个R5独立地为氰基、卤素、C1-4烷基、羟基、-OC1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基或-OC1-4卤代烷基;
每个Ra独立地为可选地被-NH2、-NHC1-6烷基、-N(C1-6烷基)2或-OP(O)(ORb)2取代的C1-6烷基;且
每个Rb独立地为氢或C1-4烷基。
在某些实施例中,R2为氢、可选地被1-3个R4取代的C1-6烷基、或环烷基。在某些实施例中,R2为氢或可选地被1-3个R4取代的C1-6烷基。在某些实施例中,R2为氢或可选地被1个R4取代的C1-6烷基。在某些实施例中,R2为氢。在某些实施例中,R2为可选地被1-3个R4取代的C1-6烷基。在某些实施例中,R2为C1-6烷基。在某些实施例中,R2为C1-4烷基。
在某些实施例中,R2为氢、可选地被1-3个R4取代的C1-6烷基、或环烷基;每个R4独立地为-OC1-6烷基、-OC(O)Ra、-OC(O)ORa,-OP(O)(ORb)2或单环杂环基;每个Ra独立地为可选地被-NH2或-OP(O)(ORb)2取代的C1-6烷基;且Rb为氢。
在某些实施例中,每个R4独立地为-OC1-6烷基、-OC(O)Ra、-OC(O)ORa,-OP(O)(ORb)2或单环杂环基;其中每个Ra独立地为可选地被-NH2或-OP(O)(ORb)2取代的C1-6烷基,且Rb为氢。
在某些实施例中,每个R4独立地为-OC(O)Ra、-OC(O)ORa,-OP(O)(ORb)2或单环杂环基;其中每个Ra独立地为可选地被-NH2或-OP(O)(ORb)2取代的C1-6烷基,且Rb为氢。
在某些实施例中,提供了选自表1的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、互变异构体、立体异构体、立体异构体的混合物或氘化类似物。在某些实施例中,该化合物选自表1的化合物:
表1
在某些实施例中,提供了本文描述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、互变异构体、立体异构体、立体异构体的混合物或氘化类似物。在某些实施例中,该化合物选自:
在某些实施例中,提供了本文描述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、互变异构体、立体异构体、立体异构体的混合物或氘化类似物。在某些实施例中,该化合物选自:
其中R2如本文所定义。
在某些实施例中,R2为可选地被1-3个R4取代的C1-6烷基。在某些实施例中,R2为C1-6烷基。在某些实施例中,R2为乙基。
在某些实施例中,该化合物选自:
通常,本文所例举的具体化合物使用ChemBioDraw Ultra命名。然而,应理解,可使用其它名称来识别相同结构的化合物。特别地,化合物也可以使用化学领域中通常公认的其它命名体系和符号命名,包括例如化学文摘社(CAS)和国际纯粹与应用化学联合会(IUPAC)。其它化合物或基团可以用通用名、系统名或非系统名命名。
在某些实施例中,提供了本文描述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或混合物的光学异构体、外消旋体或其其它混合物。在这些情况下,单一对映体或非对映异构体,即旋光形式,可以通过不对称合成或通过拆分获得。拆分可以通过例如常规方法完成,例如在拆分剂存在下结晶,或色谱法例如使用手性高压液相色谱(HPLC)柱。
本文提供的包含本文描述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、异构体或混合物的组合物可以包括外消旋混合物,或含有对映异构体过量的一种对映异构体或单一非对映异构体或非对映异构体混合物的混合物。这些化合物的所有这些异构形式明确地包括在本文中,如同每个和所有异构形式都被具体单独地列出一样。
在某些实施例中,还提供了本文描述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、互变异构体、立体异构体、立体异构体的混合物、前药或氘化类似物的螯合物、非共价络合物及其混合物。“螯合物”是通过化合物与金属离子在两个(或多个)点配位而形成的。“非共价络合物”是通过化合物与另一分子的相互作用形成的,其中在化合物与分子之间不形成共价键。例如,络合可通过范德华相互作用、氢键和静电相互作用(也称为离子键)发生。
在某些实施例中,提供了本文描述的化合物的前药。“前药”是指当施用于生物系统时,由于自发的化学反应、酶催化的化学反应、光解和/或代谢化学反应而产生药物或活性成分的任何化合物。因此,前药是治疗活性化合物的共价修饰类似物或潜在形式。前药的非限制性例子包括酯部分、季铵部分、二醇部分等。
在某些实施例中,提供了式I化合物或式IIa化合物,其中R1为
其中每个R12独立地为氢、C1-9烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基,C3-15环烷基、芳基、杂芳基或杂环基;其中任何烷基、烯基、炔基、环烷基、芳基、杂芳基或杂环基可选地被1-4个Z1b基团取代;并且
每个Z1b独立地为氧代、硫代、羟基、卤素、-NO2、-N3、氰基、C1-9烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C3-15环烷基、C1-8卤代烷基、芳基、杂芳基、杂环基、-O(C1-9烷基)、-O(C2-6烯基)、-O(C2-6炔基)、-O(C3-15环烷基)、-O(C1-8卤代烷基)、-O(芳基),-O(杂芳基),-O(杂环基)、-NH2、-NH(C1-9烷基)、-NH(C2-6烯基)、-NH(C2-6炔基)、-NH(C3-15环烷基)、-NH(C1-8卤代烷基)、-NH(芳基)、-NH(杂芳基)、-NH(杂环基)、-N(C1-9烷基)2、-N(C3-15环烷基)2、-N(C2-6烯基)2、-N(C2-6炔基)2、-N(C3-15环烷基)2、-N(C1-8卤代烷基)2、-N(芳基)2、-N(杂芳基)2、-N(杂环基)2、-N(C1-9烷基)(C3-15环烷基)、-N(C1-9烷基)(C2-6烯基)、-N(C1-9烷基)(C2-6炔基)、-N(C1-9烷基)(C3-15环烷基)、-N(C1-9烷基)(C1-8卤代烷基)、-N(C1-9烷基)(芳基)、-N(C1-9烷基)(杂芳基)、-N(C1-9烷基)(杂环基)、-C(O)(C1-9烷基)、-C(O)(C2-6烯基)、-C(O)(C2-6炔基)、-C(O)(C3-15环烷基)、-C(O)(C1-8卤代烷基)、-C(O)(芳基)、-C(O)(杂芳基)、-C(O)(杂环基)、-C(O)O(C1-9烷基)、-C(O)O(C2-6烯基)、-C(O)O(C2-6炔基)、-C(O)O(C3-15环烷基)、-C(O)O(C1-8卤代烷基)、-C(O)O(芳基)、-C(O)O(杂芳基)、-C(O)O(杂环基)、-C(O)NH2、-C(O)NH(C1-9烷基)、-C(O)NH(C2-6烯基)、-C(O)NH(C2-6炔基)、-C(O)NH(C3-15环烷基)、-C(O)NH(C1-8卤代烷基)、-C(O)NH(芳基)、-C(O)NH(杂芳基)、-C(O)NH(杂环基)、-C(O)N(C1-9烷基)2、-C(O)N(C3-15环烷基)2、-C(O)N(C2-6烯基)2、-C(O)N(C2-6炔基)2、-C(O)N(C3-15环烷基)2、-C(O)N(C1-8卤代烷基)2、-C(O)N(芳基)2、-C(O)N(杂芳基)2、-C(O)N(杂环基)2、-NHC(O)(C1-9烷基)、-NHC(O)(C2-6烯基)、-NHC(O)(C2-6炔基)、-NHC(O)(C3-15环烷基)、-NHC(O)(C1-8卤代烷基)、-NHC(O)(芳基)、-NHC(O)(杂芳基)、-NHC(O)(杂环基)、-NHC(O)O(C1-9烷基)、-NHC(O)O(C2-6烯基)、-NHC(O)O(C2-6炔基)、-NHC(O)O(C3-15环烷基)、-NHC(O)O(C1-8卤代烷基)、-NHC(O)O(芳基)、-NHC(O)O(杂芳基)、-NHC(O)O(杂环基)、-NHC(O)NH(C1-9烷基)、-NHC(O)NH(C2-6烯基)、-NHC(O)NH(C2-6炔基)、-NHC(O)NH(C3-15环烷基)、-NHC(O)NH(C1-8卤代烷基)、-NHC(O)NH(芳基)、-NHC(O)NH(杂芳基)、-NHC(O)NH(杂环基)、-SH、-S(C1-9烷基)、-S(C2-6烯基)、-S(C2-6炔基)、-S(C3-15环烷基)、-S(C1-8卤代烷基)、-S(芳基)、-S(杂芳基)、-S(杂环基)、-NHS(O)(C1-9烷基)、-N(C1-9烷基)(S(O)(C1-9烷基)、-S(O)N(C1-9烷基)2、-S(O)(C1-9烷基)、-S(O)(NH)(C1-9烷基)、-S(O)(C2-6烯基)、-S(O)(C2-6炔基)、-S(O)(C3-15环烷基)、-S(O)(C1-8卤代烷基)、-S(O)(芳基)、-S(O)(杂芳基)、-S(O)(杂环基)、-S(O)2(C1-9烷基)、-S(O)2(C2-6烯基)、-S(O)2(C2-6炔基)、-S(O)2(C3-15环烷基)、-S(O)2(C1-8卤代烷基)、-S(O)2(芳基)、-S(O)2(杂芳基)、-S(O)2(杂环基)、-S(O)2NH(C1-9烷基)或-S(O)2N(C1-9烷基)2;
其中任何烷基、环烷基、芳基、杂芳基或杂环基可选地被1-4个以下基团取代:卤素、C1-9烷基、C1-8卤代烷基、-OH、-NH2、-NH(C1-9烷基)、-NH(C3-15环烷基)、-NH(C1-8卤代烷基)、-NH(芳基)、-NH(杂芳基)、-NH(杂环基)、-N(C1-9烷基)2、-N(C3-15环烷基)2、-NHC(O)(C3-15环烷基)、-NHC(O)(C1-8卤代烷基)、-NHC(O)(芳基)、-NHC(O)(杂芳基)、-NHC(O)(杂环基)、-NHC(O)O(C1-9烷基)、-NHC(O)O(C2-6炔基)、-NHC(O)O(C3-15环烷基)、-NHC(O)O(C1-8卤代烷基)、-NHC(O)O(芳基)、-NHC(O)O(杂芳基)、-NHC(O)O(杂环基)、-NHC(O)NH(C1-9烷基)、-S(O)(NH)(C1-9烷基)、-S(O)2(C1-9烷基)、-S(O)2(C3-15环烷基)、-S(O)2(C1-8卤代烷基)、-S(O)2(芳基)、-S(O)2(杂芳基)、-S(O)2(杂环基)、-S(O)2NH(C1-9烷基),-S(O)2N(C1-9烷基)2、-O(C3-15环烷基)、-O(C1-8卤代烷基)、-O(芳基)、-O(杂芳基)、-O(杂环基)或O(C1-9烷基)。
在某些实施例中,提供式I或本文提供的任何子式的化合物,其中R2为
这样的取代基还包括所有单独的立体异构体及其混合物,包括但不限于在磷原子处的手性,例如在上文所示的示例性部分中。
本文还提供本文所述化合物的体内代谢产物。这些产物可由例如所施用的化合物的氧化、还原、水解、酰胺化、酯化等产生,主要是由于酶促过程。
化合物的治疗用途
“治疗(treatment)”或“治疗(treating)”是获得有益或期望结果(包括临床结果)的方法。有益或期望的临床结果可包括以下一项或多项:a)抑制疾病或病症(例如,减少由疾病或病症引起的一种或多种症状,和/或减轻疾病或病症的程度);b)减缓或阻止与疾病或病症相关的一种或多种临床症状的发展(例如,稳定疾病或病症,预防或延迟疾病或病症的恶化或进展,和/或预防或延迟疾病或病症的扩散(例如,转移));和/或c)缓解疾病,即,引起临床症状消退(例如,改善疾病状态,提供疾病或病症的部分或完全缓解,增强另一种药物的效果,延迟疾病的进展,提高生活质量,和/或延长生存时间)。
“预防(prevention)”或“预防(preventing)”是指对疾病或病症的任何治疗,使疾病或病症的临床症状不发展。在一些实施例中,化合物可以施用于处于疾病或病症的风险中或具有疾病或病症的家族史的受试者(包括人)。1型原发性高草酸尿症可导致需要肾移植。移植后很可能缓解。在某些实施例中,本文所公开的化合物在移植后施用于患者,以防止缓解。
“受试者”是指已经或将成为治疗、观察或实验对象的动物,例如哺乳动物(包括人)。本文描述的方法可用于人类治疗和/或兽医应用。在一些实施例中,受试者是哺乳动物。在一个实施例中,受试者是人。
术语本文描述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、互变异构体、立体异构体、立体异构体的混合物、前药或氘化类似物的“治疗有效量”或“有效量”是指当施用至受试者时足以实现治疗以提供治疗益处(例如症状的改善或疾病进展的减缓)的量。例如,治疗有效量可以是足以减轻对抑制乙醇酸氧化酶活性有响应的疾病或病症的症状的量。治疗有效量可根据受试者、所治疗的疾病或病症、受试者的体重和年龄、疾病或病症的严重程度和施用方式而变化,这可由本领域技术人员容易地确定。
术语“抑制”表示生物活性或过程的基线活性降低。“抑制乙醇酸氧化酶的活性”或其变异体是指相对于本申请化合物不存在时的乙醇酸氧化酶的活性,作为对本申请化合物存在的直接或间接反应,乙醇酸氧化酶的活性降低。“抑制乙醇酸氧化酶”是指相对于本文描述的化合物不存在时乙醇酸氧化酶的活性,作为对本文描述的化合物存在的直接或间接反应,乙醇酸氧化酶的活性降低。在一些实施例中,可以在治疗前对同一受试者或未接受治疗的其他受试者中的乙醇酸氧化酶活性的抑制进行比较。
本文描述的方法可应用于体内或离体的细胞群体。“体内”是指在活体内,如在动物或人体内。在此上下文中,本文描述的方法可以在个体中治疗性地使用。“离体”指在活体外。离体细胞群体的例子包括体外细胞培养物和生物样品,包括从个体获得的流体或组织样品。这些样品可以通过本领域公知的方法获得。示例性的生物流体样品包括血液、脑脊液、尿液和唾液。示例性的组织样品包括肿瘤及其活组织检查样品。在此上下文中,本文描述的化合物和组合物可用于各种目的,包括治疗和实验目的。例如,本文描述的化合物和组合物可以离体使用以确定针对给定适应症、细胞类型、个体和其他参数施用乙醇酸氧化酶抑制剂的最佳方案和/或剂量。从这种用途收集到的信息可用于实验目的,或在临床上用于制定体内治疗方案。本文描述的化合物和组合物可能适合的其它离体用途描述于下文中,或对本领域技术人员显而易见。可以进一步表征所选择的化合物,以检查在人或非人受试者中的安全性或耐受剂量。可以使用本领域技术人员公知的方法检查这些特性。
本文公开的化合物可用于治疗、预防、诊断或监测由乙醇酸氧化酶介导的疾病或病症。由乙醇酸氧化酶介导的疾病或病症的非限制性例子包括但不限于肾石病(肾结石)、肾钙质沉着症、膀胱结石、1型高草酸尿症、高草酸盐尿症、乙醇酸尿症、终末期肾病(ESRD)、肾衰竭、肾移植失败和II型糖尿病。
在某些实施例中,本文公开的化合物可用于治疗、预防、诊断或监测由草酸盐或草酸钙或乙醇酸氧化酶介导的疾病或病症。在一些实施例中,所述疾病或病症是肾石病(肾结石)、肾钙质沉着症、膀胱结石、1型高草酸尿症、高草酸盐尿症、乙醇酸尿症、终末期肾病(ESRD)、肾衰竭、肾移植失败和II型糖尿病。
在进一步的实施例中,提供了减轻由乙醇酸氧化酶介导的疾病或紊乱的症状的方法。在一些实施例中,该方法包括识别具有由乙醇酸氧化酶介导的疾病或紊乱的症状的哺乳动物,以及向该哺乳动物提供有效改善(即减轻严重程度)症状的量的如本文描述的化合物。
在进一步的实施例中,提供了减轻由草酸盐或草酸钙或乙醇酸氧化酶介导的疾病或紊乱的症状的方法。在一些实施例中,该方法包括识别具有由草酸盐或草酸钙或乙醇酸氧化酶介导的疾病或紊乱的症状的哺乳动物,以及向该哺乳动物提供有效改善(即减轻严重程度)症状的量的如本文描述的化合物。
在一些实施例中,由乙醇酸氧化酶介导的疾病或病症是肾结石形成。在一些实施例中,由草酸盐或草酸钙或乙醇酸氧化酶介导的疾病或病症是肾结石形成。在特定实施例中,肾结石形成是复发性的。在特定实施例中,肾结石形成与1型原发性高草酸尿症有关。
在一些实施例中,由乙醇酸氧化酶介导的疾病或病症是肾衰竭,包括单个肾的衰竭和两个肾的衰竭。在一些实施例中,由草酸盐或草酸钙或乙醇酸氧化酶介导的疾病或病症是肾衰竭。在一些实施例中,肾衰竭是单个肾或两个肾的衰竭。
在一些实施例中,预防的疾病或病症是肾移植失败。
在一些实施例中,由乙醇酸氧化酶介导的疾病或病症是糖尿病,包括1型和2型糖尿病、妊娠糖尿病、前驱糖尿病、胰岛素抵抗、代谢综合征、空腹血糖受损和糖耐量受损。在一些实施例中,由草酸盐或草酸钙或乙醇酸氧化酶介导的疾病或病症是糖尿病。在一些实施例中,糖尿病为1型和2型糖尿病、妊娠糖尿病、前驱糖尿病、胰岛素抵抗、代谢综合征、空腹血糖受损或糖耐量受损。1型糖尿病也称为胰岛素依赖型糖尿病(IDDM)。2型糖尿病也称为非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病(NIDDM)。
在一些实施例中,由乙醇酸氧化酶介导的疾病或病症是膀胱结石形成。在一些实施例中,由草酸盐或草酸钙或乙醇酸氧化酶介导的疾病或病症是膀胱结石形成。
可用于评估1型原发性高草酸尿症受试者的疾病活动性的标准可见于Brooks etal.(2016)Am.J.Nephrol.43,4:293-303。可以监测尿液中的草酸盐和钙含量。
目前公开的治疗方法也可以应用于疾病过程中的任何时间点。在某些实施例中,该方法应用于在缓解期(即,非活动性疾病,肾移植后)患有1型原发性高草酸尿症的受试者。在这样的实施例中,本发明的方法通过延长缓解期(例如延长非活动性疾病期)或通过预防、减少或延迟活动性疾病的发作来提供益处。一个例子是肾结石事件间隔时间的增加。在其它实施例中,可将方法应用于在活动性疾病期患有1型原发性高草酸尿症的受试者。这种方法通过缩短活动性疾病期的持续时间、减轻或改善1型原发性高草酸尿症的一种或多种症状或治疗1型原发性高草酸尿症而提供益处。这种改善可以是减少肾结石的大小、数量或频率。
已经描述了用于确定临床实践中1型原发性高草酸尿症的治疗效果的测量,并且包括例如:症状控制;体液中的草酸钙浓度;肾功能测定;及提高生活质量。
在某些实施例中,本文提供了一种治疗1型原发性高草酸尿症的方法,包括向有需要的患者施用治疗有效量的本文描述的化合物或本文描述的药物组合物或式I化合物:
或其药学上可接受的盐、互变异构体、立体异构体、立体异构体的混合物或氘化类似物,其中
A为N或CH;
R1为炔基、环烷基、芳基、杂芳基或杂环基,其中每一个可选地被1-3个R3取代;
R2为氢、-(CH2CH2O)1-9CH2CH2OCH3、可选地被1-3个R4取代的C1-6烷基、环烷基或可选地被1-3个R5取代的杂芳基;
每个R3独立地为氰基、卤素、-L-C1-9烷基、-L-C1-4卤代烷基、-L-OC1-4卤代烷基、-NR7R8、-C(O)NR7R8、-S(O)2NR7R8、-NR7C(O)R8、-OR7、-L-芳基、-L-杂芳基或-L-杂环基,其中每一个可选地被1-3个R6取代,并且每个L独立地为-C≡C-或不存在L;
每个R4独立地为卤素、羟基、-OC1-6烷基、-NH2、-NHC1-6烷基、-N(C1-6烷基)2、-OC(O)Ra、-OC(O)ORa、-OP(O)(ORb)2或单环杂环基;其中每一个可选地被1-3个R5取代;条件是只有一个R4为杂环基;
每个R5独立地为氰基、卤素、C1-4烷基、羟基、-OC1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基或-OC1-4卤代烷基;
每个R6独立地为氰基、卤素、-C(O)R7、-C(O)OR7、-C(O)NR7R8、-S(O)2NR7R8、-NR7C(O)R8、-OR7、C1-4烷基、-OC1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-OC1-4卤代烷基、苯基、杂环基或杂芳基;其中每一个可选地被1-3个C1-4烷基、-C(O)OH或C1-4卤代烷基取代;
R7和R8各自独立地为氢、C1-4烷基或苯基、吡啶基,或R7和R8与它们所连接的氮原子一起形成杂环基;
每个Ra独立地为可选地被-NH2、-NHC1-6烷基、-N(C1-6烷基)2或-OP(O)(ORb)2取代的C1-6烷基;且
每个Rb独立地为氢或C1-4烷基。
在某些实施例中,当R1为苯基时,则R3为芳基或杂芳基,其中每一个可选地被1-3个R6取代;且当R1为杂芳基时,则R2不是未取代的C1-6烷基。
在某些实施例中,本文提供了一种治疗复发性肾结石形成者的方法,包括向有需要的患者施用治疗有效量的本文描述的化合物、本文描述的药物组合物或式I化合物:
或其药学上可接受的盐、互变异构体、立体异构体、立体异构体的混合物或氘化类似物,其中
A为N或CH;
R1为炔基、环烷基、芳基、杂芳基或杂环基,其中每一个可选地被1-3个R3取代;
R2为氢、-(CH2CH2O)1-9CH2CH2OCH3、可选地被1-3个R4取代的C1-6烷基、环烷基或可选地被1-3个R5取代的杂芳基;
每个R3独立地为氰基、卤素、-L-C1-9烷基、-L-C1-4卤代烷基、-L-OC1-4卤代烷基、-NR7R8、-C(O)NR7R8、-S(O)2NR7R8、-NR7C(O)R8、-OR7、-L-芳基、-L-杂芳基或-L-杂环基,其中每一个可选地被1-3个R6取代,并且每个L独立地为-C≡C-或不存在L;
每个R4独立地为卤素、羟基、-OC1-6烷基、-NH2、-NHC1-6烷基、-N(C1-6烷基)2、-OC(O)Ra、-OC(O)ORa、-OP(O)(ORb)2或单环杂环基;其中每一个可选地被1-3个R5取代;条件是只有一个R4为杂环基;
每个R5独立地为氰基、卤素、C1-4烷基、羟基、-OC1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基或-OC1-4卤代烷基;
每个R6独立地为氰基、卤素、-C(O)R7、-C(O)OR7、-C(O)NR7R8、-S(O)2NR7R8、-NR7C(O)R8、-OR7、C1-4烷基、-OC1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-OC1-4卤代烷基、苯基、杂环基或杂芳基;其中每一个可选地被1-3个C1-4烷基、-C(O)OH或C1-4卤代烷基取代;
R7和R8各自独立地为氢、C1-4烷基或苯基、吡啶基,或R7和R8与它们所连接的氮原子一起形成杂环基;
每个Ra独立地为可选地被-NH2、-NHC1-6烷基、-N(C1-6烷基)2或-OP(O)(ORb)2取代的C1-6烷基;且
每个Rb独立地为氢或C1-4烷基。
在某些实施例中,当R1为苯基时,则R3为芳基或杂芳基,其中每一个可选地被1-3个R6取代;且当R1为杂芳基时,则R2不是未取代的C1-6烷基。
在某些实施例中,本文提供了抑制乙醛酸盐和/或草酸盐的产生和/或抑制乙醇酸氧化酶(GO)的方法,包括向有需要的患者施用治疗有效量的本文描述的化合物、本文描述的药物组合物或式I化合物:
或其药学上可接受的盐、互变并构体、立体并构体、立体并构体的混合物或氘化类似物,其中
A为N或CH;
R1为炔基、环烷基、芳基、杂芳基或杂环基,其中每一个可选地被1-3个R3取代;
R2为氢、-(CH2CH2O)1-9CH2CH2OCH3、可选地被1-3个R4取代的C1-6烷基、环烷基或可选地被1-3个R5取代的杂芳基;
每个R3独立地为氰基、卤素、-L-C1-9烷基、-L-C1-4卤代烷基、-L-OC1-4卤代烷基、-NR7R8、-C(O)NR7R8、-S(O)2NR7R8、-NR7C(O)R8、-OR7、-L-芳基、-L-杂芳基或-L-杂环基,其中每一个可选地被1-3个R6取代,并且每个L独立地为-C≡C-或不存在L;
每个R4独立地为卤素、羟基、-OC1-6烷基、-NH2、-NHC1-6烷基、-N(C1-6烷基)2、-OC(O)Ra、-OC(O)ORa、-OP(O)(ORb)2或单环杂环基;其中每一个可选地被1-3个R5取代;条件是只有一个R4为杂环基;
每个R5独立地为氰基、卤素、C1-4烷基、羟基、-OC1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基或-OC1-4卤代烷基;
每个R6独立地为氰基、卤素、-C(O)R7、-C(O)OR7、-C(O)NR7R8、-S(O)2NR7R8、-NR7C(O)R8、-OR7、C1-4烷基、-OC1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-OC1-4卤代烷基、苯基、杂环基或杂芳基;其中每一个可选地被1-3个C1-4烷基、-C(O)OH或C1-4卤代烷基取代;
R7和R8各自独立地为氢、C1-4烷基或苯基、吡啶基,或R7和R8与它们所连接的氮原子一起形成杂环基;
每个Ra独立地为可选地被-NH2、-NHC1-6烷基、-N(C1-6烷基)2或-OP(O)(ORb)2取代的C1-6烷基;且
每个Rb独立地为氢或C1-4烷基。
在一些实施例中,当R1为苯基时,则R3为芳基或杂芳基,其中每一个可选地被1-3个R6取代;且当R1为杂芳基时,则R2不是未取代的C1-6烷基。
在某些实施例中,本文描述的化合物或本文描述的药物组合物的用途为在有需要的患者中控制或抑制复发性肾结石形成者的产生。
在某些实施例中,式I化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、互变异构体、立体异构体、立体异构体的混合物或氘化类似物的用途为在有需要的患者中控制或抑制复发性肾结石形成者的产生,其中式I化合物:
A为N或CH;
R1为炔基、环烷基、芳基、杂芳基或杂环基,其中每一个可选地被1-3个R3取代;
R2为氢、-(CH2CH2O)1-9CH2CH2OCH3、可选地被1-3个R4取代的C1-6烷基、环烷基或可选地被1-3个R5取代的杂芳基;
每个R3独立地为氰基、卤素、-L-C1-9烷基、-L-C1-4卤代烷基、-L-OC1-4卤代烷基、-NR7R8、-C(O)NR7R8、-S(O)2NR7R8、-NR7C(O)R8、-OR7、-L-芳基、-L-杂芳基或-L-杂环基,其中每一个可选地被1-3个R6取代,并且每个L独立地为-C≡C-或不存在L;
每个R4独立地为卤素、羟基、-OC1-6烷基、-NH2、-NHC1-6烷基、-N(C1-6烷基)2、-OC(O)Ra、-OC(O)ORa、-OP(O)(ORb)2或单环杂环基;其中每一个可选地被1-3个R5取代;条件是只有一个R4为杂环基;
每个R5独立地为氰基、卤素、C1-4烷基、羟基、-OC1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基或-OC1-4卤代烷基;
每个R6独立地为氰基、卤素、-C(O)R7、-C(O)OR7、-C(O)NR7R8、-S(O)2NR7R8、-NR7C(O)R8、-OR7、C1-4烷基、-OC1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-OC1-4卤代烷基、苯基、杂环基或杂芳基;其中每一个可选地被1-3个C1-4烷基、-C(O)OH或C1-4卤代烷基取代;
R7和R8各自独立地为氢、C1-4烷基或苯基、吡啶基,或R7和R8与它们所连接的氮原子一起形成杂环基;
每个Ra独立地为可选地被-NH2、-NHC1-6烷基、-N(C1-6烷基)2或-OP(O)(ORb)2取代的C1-6烷基;且
每个Rb独立地为氢或C1-4烷基;
当R1为苯基时,则R3为芳基或杂芳基,其中每一个可选地被1-3个R6取代;且当R1为杂芳基时,则R2不是未取代的C1-6烷基。
联合疗法
在一个实施例中,本文公开的化合物可以与一种或多种正在使用和/或开发用于治疗1型原发性高草酸尿症的另外的治疗剂或干预组合使用。这种治疗剂的例子为草酸钙结晶抑制剂、草酸降解酶抑制剂、SiRNA、奥沙泽姆(oxazyme)和卢马西兰(lumasiran)。这种治疗性干预的例子为高液体摄入、透析和肾移植。
在一些实施例中,本文公开的化合物可与SGLT2抑制剂组合使用。SGL2抑制剂的非限制性例子包括达格列净(dapagliflozin)、埃格列净(ertugliflozin)、鲁格列净(luseogliflozin)、卡格列净(canagliflozin)、托格列净(tofogliflozin)、伊格列净(ipragliflozin)、伊格列净(ipragliflozin)、恩格列净(empagliflozin)和柠檬酸钾。
在一些实施例中,本文描述的方法还包括施用另外的治疗剂。在一些实施例中,提供了如本文描述的与另外的治疗剂组合的用途。在一些实施例中,另外的治疗剂是草酸钙结晶抑制剂、草酸降解酶抑制剂、SiRNA、奥沙泽姆(oxazyme)、卢马西兰(lumasiran)、奈多西兰(nedosiran)、奥沙贝特(oxabate)或瑞洛沙酶(reloxaliase)。在一些实施例中,另外的治疗剂为SGLT2抑制剂。在一些实施例中,SGL2抑制剂为达格列净(dapagliflozin)、埃格列净(ertugliflozin)、鲁格列净(luseogliflozin)、卡格列净(canagliflozin)、托格列净(tofogliflozin)、伊格列净(ipragliflozin)、伊格列净(ipragliflozin)、恩格列净(empagliflozin)或柠檬酸钾。
试剂盒
本文还提供了试剂盒,其包括式I(或本文描述的任何其它式)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、互变异构体、前药或氘化类似物,以及合适的包装。在一个实施例中,试剂盒还包括使用说明书。在一个方面,试剂盒包括式I(或本文所述的任何其它式)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、互变异构体、前药或氘化类似物,以及使用化合物治疗本文描述的适应症(包括疾病或病症)的标签和/或说明书。
本文还提供了制品,其包括在合适容器中的本文描述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、互变异构体、前药或氘化类似物。容器可以是小瓶、罐子、安瓿、预装注射器和静脉注射袋。
药物组合物和施用方式
本文提供的化合物通常以药物组合物的形式施用。因此,本文还提供了药物组合物,其含有一种或多种本文描述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、互变异构体、前药或氘化类似物和一种或多种选自载体、佐剂和赋形剂的药学上可接受的媒介物。合适的药学上可接受的媒介物可以包括例如惰性固体稀释剂和填充剂、稀释剂,包括无菌水溶液和各种有机溶剂、渗透增强剂、增溶剂和佐剂。这些组合物以药学领域公知的方式制备。例如,参见《雷明顿制药科学》,梅斯出版公司,宾夕法尼亚州费城,第17版(1985年)(R emington’sPharmaceutical Sciences,Mace Publishing Co.,Philadelphia,Pa.17th Ed.(1985));和《现代药剂学》,马塞尔.德克尔公司第三版(G.S.Ba nker和C.T.Rhodes编辑)(ModernPharmaceutics,Marcel Dekker,Inc.3rd Ed.(G.S.Banker&C.T.Rhodes,Eds.))。
药物组合物可以以单剂量或多剂量施用。药物组合物可以通过各种方法施用,包括例如直肠、口腔、鼻内和经皮途径。在某些实施例中,药物组合物可以通过动脉内注射、静脉内、腹膜内、肠胃外、肌内、皮下、口服、外敷或作为吸入剂施用。
一种施用方式是肠胃外给药,例如通过注射。其中可以掺入本文描述的药物组合物以通过注射施用的形式包括,例如,含芝麻油、玉米油、棉籽油或花生油的水或油混悬剂或乳剂,以及酏剂、甘露醇、葡萄糖或无菌水溶液,以及类似的药物媒介物。
口服施用可以是本文描述的化合物的另一种施用途径。施用可以是通过例如胶囊或肠溶包衣片。在制备包含至少一种本文描述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、互变异构体、立体异构体、立体异构体的混合物、前药或氘化类似物的药物组合物时,通常将活性成分用赋形剂稀释和/或包封在可以是胶囊、小药囊、纸或其它容器形式的载体内。当赋形剂用作稀释剂时,它可以是固体、半固体或液体材料的形式,作为活性成分的媒介物、载体或介质。因此,组合物可以是以下形式:片剂、丸剂、粉剂、锭剂、小药囊、扁囊剂、酏剂、混悬剂、乳剂、溶液、糖浆、气雾剂(作为固体或在液体介质中)、软膏例如含有至多10wt%的活性化合物、软明胶胶囊和硬明胶胶囊、无菌注射溶液和无菌包装粉剂。
合适的赋形剂的一些例子包括乳糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、山梨醇、甘露醇、淀粉、阿拉伯树胶、磷酸钙、海藻酸盐、黄芪胶、明胶、硅酸钙、微晶纤维素、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、纤维素、无菌水、糖浆和甲基纤维素。制剂可另外包括润滑剂,例如滑石、硬脂酸镁和矿物油;润湿剂;乳化剂和悬浮剂;防腐剂,例如羟基苯甲酸甲酯和羟基苯甲酸丙酯;甜味剂;和调味剂。
可以配制包含至少一种本文描述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、互变异构体、前药或氘化类似物的组合物,以便通过采用本领域已知的程序在向受试者施用后,提供活性成分的快速、持续或延迟释放。用于口服施用的控释药物递送系统包括渗透泵系统和含有聚合物包衣的储库或药物-聚合物基质制剂的溶解系统。控释系统的例子在美国专利No.3,845,770;No.4,326,525;No.4,902,514;和No.5,616,345中给出。用于本文公开的方法的另一种制剂采用透皮递送装置(“贴剂”)。这种透皮贴剂可用于以受控量提供本文描述的化合物的连续或不连续输注。用于递送药剂的透皮贴剂的构造和使用是本领域公知的。这种贴剂可构造成用于连续、脉动或按需递送药剂。
为了制备固体组合物如片剂,可以将主要活性成分与药物赋形剂混合以形成固体预制剂组合物,该组合物含有本文描述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、互变异构体、立体异构体、立体异构体的混合物、前药或氘化类似物的均质混合物。当将这些预制剂组合物称为均质时,活性成分可以均匀地分散在整个组合物中,使得组合物可以容易地细分成同等有效的单位剂型,例如片剂、丸剂和胶囊。
本文描述的化合物的片剂或丸剂可以被包衣或以其它方式复合,以提供具有延长作用的优点的剂型,或保护其不受胃酸条件的影响。例如,片剂或丸剂可以包括内部剂量组分和外部剂量组分,后者是前者上的包封形式。这两种组分可被肠溶层分开,该肠溶层用于抵抗胃中的崩解并允许内部组分完整地进入十二指肠或延迟释放。多种材料可用于这种肠溶层或包衣,这种材料包括多种聚合酸和聚合酸与这种材料(例如虫胶、鲸蜡醇和乙酸纤维素)的混合物。
用于吸入或吹入的组合物可以包括在药学上可接受的水性或有机溶剂或其混合物中的溶液和悬浮液,以及粉末。液体或固体组合物可以含有如本文描述的合适的药学上可接受的赋形剂。在一些实施例中,通过口腔或鼻呼吸途径施用组合物以获得局部或全身效果。在其它实施例中,可以通过使用惰性气体使药学上可接受的溶剂中的组合物雾化。雾化溶液可直接从雾化装置吸入,或者雾化装置可连接到面罩帐或间歇正压呼吸机。溶液、悬浮液或粉末组合物可以从以适当方式递送制剂的装置施用,优选口服或经鼻施用。
剂量
对于任何特定受试者,本申请化合物的具体剂量水平将取决于多种因素,包括所用具体化合物的活性、年龄、体重、一般健康状况、性别、饮食、施用时间、施用途径和排泄率、药物组合和经历治疗的受试者的特定疾病的严重程度。例如,剂量可以表示为每千克受试者体重中本文描述的化合物的毫克数(mg/kg)。剂量在约0.1至150mg/kg之间可能是合适的。在一些实施例中,在约0.1至100mg/kg之间可能是合适的。在其它实施例中,0.5至60mg/kg之间的剂量可能是合适的。当调节大小差别很大的个体之间的剂量时,例如当在儿童和成人中使用药物时,或者当将非人类受试者(例如狗)的有效剂量转化为适合人类受试者的剂量时,根据受试者体重的正常化是特别有用的。
日剂量也可描述为单位剂量或每天施用的本文描述的化合物的总量。式I化合物的日剂量可以是在约1mg-4,000mg之间,约2,000-4,000mg/天之间,约1-2,000mg/天之间,约1-1,000mg/天之间,约10-500mg/天之间,约20-500mg/天之间,约50-300mg/天之间,约75-200mg/天之间,或约15-150mg/天之间。
当口服施用时,人类受试者的总日剂量可以在1mg-1,000mg之间,约1,000-2,000mg/天之间,约10-500mg/天之间,约50-300mg/天之间,约75-200mg/天之间,或约100-150mg/天之间。
本申请的化合物或其组合物可以使用上述任何合适的方式每天施用一次、两次、三次或四次。此外,化合物的施用或治疗可持续数天;例如,对于一个治疗周期,通常治疗会持续至少7天、14天或28天。治疗周期在癌症化疗中是公知的,并且治疗周期经常与周期之间的大约1到28天、通常约7天或约14天的休息期间交替进行。在其它实施例中,治疗周期也可以是连续的。
在一个特定实施例中,该方法包括向受试者施用约1至800mg的本文描述的化合物的初始日剂量,并以增量增加剂量,直至达到临床疗效。可以使用约5、10、25、50或100mg的增量来增加剂量。剂量可以每天、每隔一天、每周两次或每周一次增加。
式I化合物的合成
可以使用本文公开的方法及其常规修改来制备化合物,鉴于本文的公开内容和本领域公知的方法,这将是显而易见的。除了本文的教导之外,可以使用常规和公知的合成方法。本文描述的典型化合物的合成可以如以下实例中所述完成。如果可以获得,试剂可以从例如西格玛奥瑞奇(Sigma Aldrich)或其它化学品供应商处购得。
一般合成
本文描述的化合物的典型实施例可以使用下述一般反应方案合成。根据本文的描述,显而易见的是,可以通过用具有类似结构的其它材料代替起始材料来改变一般方案,以得到相应不同的产物。下面对合成的描述提供了许多实例,说明起始材料如何变化以提供相应的产物。鉴于定义了取代基的所需产物,通常可以通过检查确定必要的起始原料。起始材料通常从商业来源获得或使用公开的方法合成。对于合成本公开中描述的实施例的化合物,检查待合成的化合物的结构将提供各取代基的标识。鉴于本文中的实例,最终产物的标识通常通过简单检查方法显示出必要起始材料的标识。一般而言,本文描述的化合物在室温和室压下通常是稳定的和可分离的。
合成反应参数
本公开的化合物可以使用例如以下一般方法和程序由容易获得的起始材料制备。应当理解,在给出典型或优选的工艺条件(即反应温度、时间、反应物的摩尔比、溶剂、压力等)的情况下,除非另有说明,否则也可以使用其它工艺条件。最佳反应条件可以随所用的特定反应物或溶剂而变化,但这些条件可以由本领域技术人员通过常规优化程序确定。
另外,如对本领域技术人员而言显而易见的,可能需要常规的保护基,以防止某些官能团发生不希望的反应。用于各种官能团的合适的保护基以及用于保护和脱保护特定官能团的合适条件是本领域公知的。例如,T.W.Gree ne和G.M.Wuts(1999)《有机合成中的保护基》,第三版,威利,纽约(T.W.Greene and G.M.Wuts(1999)Protecting Groups inOrganic Synthesis,3rd Edition,Wiley,New York)和其中引用的参考文献中描述了许多保护基。
用于以下反应的起始材料通常是已知的化合物,或者可以通过已知的方法或其明显的修改来制备。例如,许多起始材料可从商业供应商处获得,例如Aldrich Chemical Co.(密尔沃基,威斯康星州,美国)、Bachem(托伦斯,加利福尼亚州,美国)、Emka-Chemice或Sigma(圣路易斯,密苏里州,美国)。其它的可以通过标准参考文献中描述的方法或其明显的修改来制备,例如Fieser和Fieser的《有机合成试剂》,第1-15卷(John Wiley和Sons,1991年),Rodd的《碳化合物化学》,第1-5卷和补充(Elsevier科学出版社,1989年),《有机反应》第1-40卷(John Wiley和Sons,1991年),《March的高级有机化学》(John Wiley和Sons,第五版,2001年),以及Larock的《综合有机转化》(VCH出版社公司,1989年)。
术语“溶剂”通常指在与其一起描述的反应条件下呈惰性的溶剂(包括,例如苯、甲苯、乙腈、四氢呋喃(THF)、二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、氯仿、亚甲基氯(或二氯甲烷)、乙醚、甲醇等)。除非有相反的说明,否则溶剂为惰性有机溶剂,并且反应可以在惰性气体,优选氩气或氮气下进行。
术语“q.s.”是指加入足以实现所述功能的量,例如,使溶液达到所需体积(即,100%)。
在方案1中,A、R1、R2、R3和R6如本文所定义,每个X独立地为卤素(例如氯、溴或碘),每个R50独立地为烷基或两个R50一起形成环(例如4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼杂环戊烷),PG为与杂原子键合的保护基。
方案1
在方案1中,通过在催化剂(例如钯、镍、铜等)存在下将适当保护的化合物100′与相应的硼酸或酯200偶联,随后脱保护而制备式I化合物。如方案1所示,用于制备式I化合物的化合物300也通过在催化剂(例如钯、镍、铜等)存在下使适当保护的化合物400与相应的卤代化合物500偶联来制备。通过在催化剂(例如钯、镍、铜等)存在下使适当保护的化合物100′与相应的硼酸或酯600偶联来制备化合物400。用于本文提供的方法中的各种式100′、200、500和600的化合物可购自商业来源或通过已知方法合成。
在一些实施例中,其中R2为氢的化合物300可通过标准偶联条件酯化形成化合物300,其中R2如本文所定义(例如-(CH2CH2O)1-9CH2CH2OCH3,可选地被1-3个R4取代的C1-6烷基、环烷基、或可选地被1-3个R5取代的杂芳基)。
实例
包括以下实例以说明本公开的具体实施例。本领域技术人员应当理解,在以下实例中公开的技术代表在本公开的实践中良好运行的技术,因此可以认为构成其实践的具体模式。然而,根据本公开内容,本领域技术人员应理解,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下,可以对公开的具体实施例进行许多改变,并且仍获得相同或类似的结果。
中间体3、4和6(及其甲酯3′、4′和6′)的合成
步骤1
在0℃下向叠氮化钠(150.0g,2.25mol)和四丁基硫酸氢铵(41.9g,123mmol)在水(2.3L)的混合物中缓慢加入三氟甲磺酸酐(375mL,2.25mol)的己烷(900mL)溶液。在0℃下搅拌所得混合物1小时后,用己烷(1.8L)萃取有机可溶性物质,用氢氧化钠颗粒干燥并倾析。向该溶液中加入2-氰基乙酸乙酯,1(150.0g,0.8mol)的乙腈(1.1L)和吡啶(300mL,4.0mol)溶液。将所得混合物在室温下搅拌2天,并减压浓缩。残余物通过硅胶柱色谱纯化,用乙酸乙酯的石油醚溶液(1:6)洗脱,得到不纯的2-氰基-2-重氮乙酸乙酯,2(111g,99%)。
步骤2
向2-氰基-2-重氮乙酸乙酯,2(111g,795mmol)的二氧六环(7L)溶液中,在0℃下通入溴化氢气体3小时。减压浓缩反应混合物,得到粗4-溴-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸乙酯,3(125g),不经进一步纯化直接用于下一步骤。
步骤3
在0℃下向粗4-溴-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸乙酯,3(50g,227mmol)的DMF(500mL)溶液中加入氢化钠(60%,10.1g,275mmol),并在N2下搅拌30分钟,然后在0℃下加入2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧甲基氯(40.5g,238mmo1)。在0℃下搅拌1小时后,用5%氯化锂水溶液猝灭反应混合物,并用乙酸乙酯萃取产物。干燥有机馏分(MgSO4),过滤,并减压浓缩。残余物通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化,用乙酸乙酯的己烷溶液(2:5)洗脱,得到5-溴-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸乙酯(4,30g,38%)的异构体混合物,为无色油:ES/MS m/z:C11H20BrN3NaO3Si(M+Na+)的计算值:372.04,实测值:372.15。
以与上述方法类似的方式,由可商购的4-溴-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸甲酯(3′)制备5-溴-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸甲酯(4′)的异构体混合物,为油状物:ES/MS m/z:C10H19BrN3NaO3Si(M+Na)计算值:337.27,实测值:336.53。
步骤4
向5-溴-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸乙酯(4,45g,129mmol)的异构体混合物和1,4-双(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼杂环戊烷-2-基)苯(5,85.0g,257mmol)的1,4-二氧六环(800mL)溶液中加入2.0M碳酸钠水溶液(193mL,386mmol)和[1,1′-双(二苯基膦)二茂铁]二氯化钯(II)(9.45g,12.9mmol)。将反应混合物在N2气氛下在70℃搅拌4小时。将反应混合物冷却至室温并用水稀释后,将产物用乙酸乙酯(3×1L)萃取。用盐水洗涤有机馏分,干燥(Na2SO4),并减压浓缩。残余物通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化,用乙酸乙酯的石油醚溶液(1:30)洗脱,得到5-(4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼杂环戊烷-2-基)苯基)-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸乙酯(6,25.5g,43%)的异构体混合物,为油状物:ES/MS m/z:C23H36BN3NaO5Si(M+Na)计算值:496.44,实测值:496.45。
中间体8的合成
步骤1
向5-溴-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸乙酯(4,25g,71.3mmol)的异构体混合物和4,4′-双(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼杂环戊烷-2-基)-1,1′-联苯(7,45g,110.8mmol)的1,4-二氧六环(500mL)溶液中加入2.0M Na2CO3水溶液(106mL,215.9mmol)和[1,1′-双(二苯基膦)二茂铁]二氯化钯(II)(5.2g,7.1mmol)。将反应混合物在N2气氛下在70℃下搅拌过夜。将反应混合物冷却至室温并用水稀释后,将产物用乙酸乙酯(3×500 mL)萃取。用盐水洗涤有机馏分,干燥(Na2SO4),并减压浓缩。残余物通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化,用乙酸乙酯的石油醚溶液(1:30)洗脱,得到5-(4′-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼杂环戊烷-2-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸乙酯(8,11.5g,29%)的异构体混合物,为油状物:ES/MS m/z:C29H41BN3O5Si(M+H)计算值:550.29,实测值:550.45。
中间体10的合成
步骤1
向5-(4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼杂环戊烷-2-基)苯基)-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸乙酯(6,358mg,0.76mmol)的异构体混合物和1,4-二溴苯(9,178mg,0.76mmol)的1,4-二氧六环(3mL)溶液中加入四(三苯基膦)钯(0)(87mg,0.076mmol)和2.0M Na2CO3水溶液(1.13mL)。在用氩气吹扫混合物10分钟后,将反应混合物在110℃下搅拌40分钟。将反应混合物冷却至室温后,用饱和NaHCO3稀释,用乙酸乙酯萃取产物,洗涤,干燥(MgSO4),并减压浓缩。残余物通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化,用1%-100%乙酸乙酯的己烷溶液洗脱,得到5-(4′-溴-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸乙酯(10,380mg,83%)的异构体混合物,为油状物。
中间体11和中间体12的合成
步骤1
以与5-溴-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸乙酯(3)的异构体混合物的方法类似的方式,使用对甲氧基氯化苄代替2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧甲基氯,制备5-溴-2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸乙酯(11,27g,49%)的异构体混合物,为油状物,但反应在室温进行8小时:ES/MS m/z:C13H14BrN3NaO3(M+H)计算值:362.01,实测值:362.05。
步骤2
以与5-(4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼杂环戊烷-2-基)苯基)-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸乙酯(6)的异构体混合物的方法类似的方式,制备2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-5-(4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼杂环戊烷-2-基)苯基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸乙酯(12)的异构体混合物,为油状物。
中间体13的合成
步骤1
以与5-(4′-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼杂环戊烷-2-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸乙酯(8)的异构混合物的方法类似的方式制备2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-5-(4′-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼杂环戊烷-2-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸乙酯的异构体混合物(13,10.5g,26%),为油状物:ES/MS m/z:C31H35BN3O5(M+H)计算值:540.27,实测值:540.55。
中间体15和16的合成
步骤1
以与制备中间体4的方法类似的方式,由4-溴-1H-吡唑-5-羧酸甲酯(14,5.0g,24.5mmol)制备4-溴-1-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-1H-吡唑-5-羧酸甲酯(15,5.1g,59%),为油状物:1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ7.56(s,1H),5.81(s,2H),3.96(s,3H),3.54(t,J=8.0Hz,2H),0.88(t,J=8.0Hz,2H),0.04(s,9H)。ES/MS m/z:C11H20BrN2O3Si(M+H)计算值:335.04,未检测到分子量。
步骤2
使用碳酸钾代替碳酸钠,以与制备6的方法类似的方式制备4-(4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼杂环戊烷-2-基)苯基)-1-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-1H-吡唑-5-羧酸甲酯(16,5.83g,38%),为油状物,除了反应在110℃下进行过夜:1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ7.82(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.60(s,1H),7.40(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),5.85(s,2H),3.77(s,3H),3.60(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),1.32(s,12H),0.89(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),0.04(s,9H)。ES/MS m/z:C23H36BN2O5Si(M+H)计算值:459.25,未检测到分子量。
中间体18的合成
以与制备中间体15的方法相似的方式,由3-溴-1H-吡唑-4-羧酸乙酯(17,335mg,1.53mmol)制备3-溴-1H-吡唑-4-羧酸乙酯(18,511mg,96%),为油状物,作为两种区域异构体的混合物:ES/MS m/z:C12H22BrN2O3Si(M+H)计算值:349.06,实测值:348.46。
中间体20的合成
以与制备中间体15的方法相似的方式,由4-溴-1H-咪唑-5-羧酸甲酯(19,335mg,1.53mmol)制备4-溴-1-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-1H-咪唑-5-羧酸甲酯(20,690mg,77%),为油状物,作为两种区域异构体的混合物:ES/MS m/z:C12H22BrN2O3Si(M+H)计算值:335.04,实测值:334.86。
铃木(Suzuki)反应的代表性程序
在5mL微波小瓶中,加入5-溴-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸甲酯(4′,46mg,0.14mmol)的异构体混合物、4,4,5,5-四甲基-2-(邻甲苯基)-1,3,2-二氧杂硼杂环戊烷(17,20mg,0.15mmol)、四(三苯基膦)钯(0)(16mg,0.014mmol)、2N碳酸钾(0.14mL)和二氧六环(2mL)。用氩气吹扫5分钟后,将所得混合物在110℃下搅拌1小时。冷却后,将反应混合物用饱和NaHCO3稀释,然后将产物用乙酸乙酯萃取,干燥(MgSO4),浓缩,并通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化,用乙酸乙酯的己烷溶液洗脱,得到5-(邻甲苯基)-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸甲酯(18):ES/MS m/z:C17H26N3O3Si(M+H)计算值:348.17,实测值:347.58。
由HCI进行SEM脱保护的代表性程序
向5-(邻甲苯基)-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸甲酯(18,49mg,0.14mmol)在四氢呋喃(1mL)和甲醇(1mL)中的溶液中加入3N HCl(0.21mL),并将所得混合物在80℃下搅拌2小时,然后在50℃下搅拌过夜。将所得反应混合物浓缩,得到粗4-(邻甲苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸甲酯(19):ES/MS m/z:C11H10N3O2(M-H)计算值:216.08,实测值:216.15
由TBAF进行SEM脱保护的代表性程序
将4-(4′-(吗啉代磺酰基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸乙酯(20)溶解在1N TBAF(5当量)中,将溶液加热至60℃保持3小时。冷却后,将反应混合物用饱和NaHCO3稀释,然后将产物用乙酸乙酯萃取,干燥(MgSO4),浓缩,并通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化,用乙酸乙酯的己烷溶液洗脱,得到4-(4′-(吗啉代磺酰基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸乙酯(21):ES/MS m/z:C21H23N4O5(M+H)计算值:443.49,实测值:443.16。
由TFA进行PMB脱保护的代表性程序
将1-(4-甲氧基苄基)-4-(4′-(5-甲基-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸乙酯(22)溶解于1mLTFA中,并将该混合物加热至40℃保持80分钟。冷却后,将反应混合物浓缩,用饱和NaHCO3稀释,然后用乙酸乙酯萃取产物,干燥(MgSO4),浓缩,并通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化,用乙酸乙酯的己烷溶液和10%甲醇的乙酸乙酯溶液洗脱,得到4-(4′-(5-甲基-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸乙酯(23):ES/MS m/z:C20H18N5O2S(M+H)计算值:392.45,实测值:392.16。
酯水解的代表性程序
向粗4-(邻甲苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸甲酯(21)在四氢呋喃(1mL)和甲醇(1mL)中的溶液中加入2N NaOH(1mL),并将所得混合物在80℃下搅拌2小时。在将反应混合物冷却并用1N HCl中和之后,过滤固体,并将固体通过HPLC纯化并冷冻干燥,得到4-(邻甲苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸(24):ES/MS m/z:ES/MS m/z:C10H8N3O2(M-H)计算值:202.08,实测值:201.97。
杂环N-H的SEM保护的代表性程序
在冰浴中搅拌5-溴-1H-1,2,3-三唑(25,996.3mg,6.733mmol)的DMF(20mL)溶液,同时分批加入60%氢化钠的矿物油溶液(410mg,10.25mmol)。30分钟后,向反应混合物中加入(2-(氯甲氧基)乙基)三甲基硅烷(1.25mL,7.063mmol),将所得混合物在冰浴中搅拌1小时,然后室温下过夜。19小时后,将反应混合物用饱和NH4Cl溶液(~100mL)和乙酸乙酯(~100mL稀释,两层分离。含水馏分用乙酸乙酯萃取(x1)后,有机馏分用水洗涤(~150mL x1),合并,干燥(MgSO4),并浓缩。通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化残留的油状物,用0%-30%乙酸乙酯的己烷溶液洗脱,得到726.0mg(39%)的4-溴-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑(26):1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ7.63(s,1H),5.63(s,2H),3.72-3.60(m,2H),0.99-0.86(m,2H),-0.02(s,9H)。ES/MS m/z:C11H20BrN2O3Si(M+H)计算值:335.04,未检测到分子量。
由芳基溴制备硼酸酯的代表性程序
将20mLμW小瓶中的4-溴-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑(26,359mg,1.29mmol)、双(频哪醇合)二硼(27,362mg,1.43mmol)、1,1′-双(二苯基膦)二茂铁二氯化钯(II)二氯甲烷(116mg,0.14mmol)和乙酸钾(384mg,3.92mmol)在1,4-二氧六环(6mL)中的混合物用Ar气吹扫15分钟,然后将该混合物在110℃下加热1小时。反应混合物用乙酸乙酯(~60mL)稀释,用Na2SO4处理,然后过滤。浓缩滤液,残余物通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化,用0%-40%乙酸乙酯的己烷溶液洗脱,得到282mg(67%)的4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼杂环戊烷-2-基)-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑(28):1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ7.99(s,1H),5.74(s,2H),3.70-3.56(m,2H),1.37(s,12H),0.96-0.85(m,2H),-0.04(s,9H)。
以类似于铃木反应、上述SEM或PMB脱保护和酯水解的代表性程序的方式,使用之前提到的溴化物中间体4(或4′)、10或15与可商购的硼酸酯,或使用之前提到的硼酸酯中间体6(或6′)、8、12、13和16与可商购的溴化物,制备以下化合物:
实例1:4-(4′-氯-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸乙酯
1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ7.95(dd,J=8.3,6.7Hz,2H),7.65(dd,J=8.2,5.5Hz,2H),7.60-7.49(m,2H),7.43(dd,J=8.5,1.9Hz,2H),5.90(s,1H),4.45(qd,J=7.2,4.8Hz,2H),1.41(t,J=7.1Hz,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C17H13ClN3O2(M-H)计算值:326.08,实测值:326.31。
实例2:4-(4′-氨基甲酰基-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸乙酯
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.99-7.91(m,2H),7.88(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.72(dd,J=8.4,1.8Hz,4H),4.38(q,J=7.2Hz,2H),1.35(t,J=7.1Hz,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C18H17N4O3(M+H)计算值:337.13,实测值:337.03。
实例3:4-(邻甲苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.42-7.31(m,2H),7.31-7.21(m,2H),2.17(s,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C10H10N3O2(M+H)计算值:204.08,实测值:347.58。
实例4:4-(间甲苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.65-7.55(m,2H),7.34(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.27(d,J=7.7Hz,1H),2.40(s,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C10H10N3O2(M+H)计算值:204.20,实测值:203.92。
实例5:4-(对甲苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.81(d,J=7.8Hz,2H),7.23(d,J=7.9Hz,2H),2.36(s,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C10H10N3O2(M+H)计算值:204.20,实测值:203.92。
实例6:4-(3-乙基苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.68-7.56(m,2H),7.42-7.28(m,2H),2.71(q,J=7.6Hz,2H),1.27(t,J=7.6Hz,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C11H12N3O2(M+H)计算值:218.09,实测值:217.97
实例7:4-(2-氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4):δ7.61-7.45(m,2H),7.32-7.17(m,2H)。ES/MS m/z:C9H7FN3O2(M+H)计算值:208.04,实测值:207.94。
实例8:4-(3-氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.74-7.66(m,2H),7.46(td,J=8.1,5.9Hz,1H),7.16(td,J=8.6,2.5Hz,1H)。ES/MS m/z:C9H7FN3O2(M+H)计算值:208.04,实测值:207.91。
实例9:4-(4-氯苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4):δ7.89-7.81(m,2H),7.51-7.42(m,2H)。ES/MS m/z:C9H7ClN3O2(M+H)计算值:224.01,实测值:223.94。
实例10:4-(3-甲氧基苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.45(d,J=2.5Hz,1H),7.37(d,J=7.1Hz,2H),7.06-6.98(m,1H),3.84(s,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C10H8N3O3(M-H)计算值:218.20,实测值:217.98。
实例11:4-(4-甲氧基苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.78(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.06-6.98(m,2H),3.85(s,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C10H10N3O3(M+H)计算值:220.06,实测值:219.93。
实例12:4-(2,4′-二氯-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.34(s,1H),8.24(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.78(dt,J=7.8,1.4Hz,1H),7.64(t,J=7.9Hz,1H)。ES/MSm/z:C10H7N4O2(M+H)计算值:215.05,实测值:214.96。
实例13:4-(3-(三氟甲基)苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.24(t,J=1.7Hz,1H),8.15(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.74(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.66(t,J=7.8Hz,1H)。ES/MS m/z:C10H7F3N3O2(M+H)计算值:258.07,实测值:257.97
实例14:4-(3-叔丁基)苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.90(t,J=1.9Hz,1H),7.59(dt,J=7.6,1.4Hz,1H),7.51(ddd,J=7.9,2.0,1.1Hz,1H),7.39(t,J=7.8Hz,1H),1.36(s,9H)。ES/MS m/z:C13H16N3O2(M+H)计算值:246.12,实测值:246.04。
实例15:4-(4-(叔丁基)苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4):δ7.78-7.70(m,2H),7.55-7.47(m,2H),1.36(s,9H)。ES/MS m/z:C13H16N3O2(M+H)计算值:246.12,实测值:246.01。
实例16:4-(3-(三氟甲氧基)苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.89(d,J=7.8Hz,2H),7.55(td,J=7.9,7.4,1.0Hz,1H),7.39-7.31(m,1H)。ES/MS m/z:C10H7FN3O3(M+H)计算值:274.04,实测值:273.95。
实例17:5-(3-氯-4-氟苯基)-1-甲基-1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ8.00(dd,J=7.1,2.2Hz,1H),7.83(ddd,J=8.7,4.6,2.2Hz,1H),7.21(t,J=8.7Hz,1H),4.32(s,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C10H9ClFN3O2(M-H)计算值:254.63,实测值:254.04。
实例18:4-(3-氯-4-氟苯基)-1H-吡唑-3-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.80(s,1H),7.71(dd,J=7.2,2.2Hz,1H),7.50(ddd,J=8.6,4.6,2.2Hz,1H),7.22(dd,J=9.2,8.6Hz,1H)。ES/MS m/z:C10H7ClFN2O2(M+H)计算值:241.01,实测值:240.88。
实例19:4-(3,4-二氯苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.13(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),7.85(dd,J=8.4,2.1Hz,1H),7.61(d,J=8.5Hz,1H)。ES/MS m/z:C9H6Cl2N3O2(M+H)计算值:257.98,实测值:257.95。
实例20:4-(3,5-二氯苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.95(s,2H),7.52(s,1H)。ES/MSm/z:C9H6Cl2N3O2(M+H)计算值:257.98,实测值:257.92。
实例21:4-(3,5-二氯苯基)-1H-吡唑-3-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ8.00(s,1H),7.68(s,2H),7.58-7.44(m,1H)。ES/MS m/z:C10H5Cl2N2O2(M-H)计算值:254.98,实测值:255.02。
实例22:4-(3-氯-2-氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.59(ddd,J=8.6,7.0,1.7Hz,1H),7.50(ddd,J=7.9,6.3,1.7Hz,1H),7.27(td,J=7.9,1.2Hz,1H)。ES/MS m/z:C9H6ClFN3O2(M+H)计算值:242.01,实测值:241.94。
实例23:5-(4-溴-3-氯苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4):δ8.04(s,1H),7.70-7.65(m,2H)。ES/MS m/z:C9H4BrClN3O2(M-H)计算值:299.93,实测值:300.02。
实例24:4-(3,5-二氯-4-氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.09(d,J=6.4Hz,2H)。ES/MS m/z:C9H4Cl2FN3O2(M+H)计算值:275.97,实测值:275.96。
实例25:4-(3-苯氧基苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.57(ddd,J=7.7,1.6,1.0Hz,1H),7.52-7.40(m,2H),7.40-7.31(m,2H),7.18-7.08(m,1H),7.08-6.99(m,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C15H12N3O3(M+H)计算值:282.08,实测值:282.01。
实例26:4-(4-苯氧基苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.83(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.44-7.34(m,2H),7.21-7.12(m,1H),7.10-7.01(m,4H)。ES/MS m/z:C15H12N3O3(M+H)计算值:282.08,实测值:281.98。
实例27:4-([1,1′-联苯]-3-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.03(t,J=1.8Hz,1H),7.71(dt,J=7.7,1.4Hz,1H),7.67-7.54(m,3H),7.46(t,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.41-7.32(m,2H),7.31-7.22(m,1H)。ES/MS m/z:C15H12N3O2(M+H)计算值:266.09,实测值:266.01。
实例28:4-([1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.92(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.77-7.64(m,4H),7.51-7.41(m,2H),7.41-7.32(m,1H)。ES/MS m/z:C15H12N3O2(M+H)计算值:266.09,实测值:265.96。
实例29:4-(2,2-二氟苯并[d][1,3]二氧杂环戊烯-5-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.79(dd,J=1.7,0.5Hz,1H),7.72(dd,J=8.4,1.7Hz,1H),7.29(d,J=8.4Hz,1H)。ES/MS m/z:C10H6CF2N3O4(M+H)计算值:270.02,实测值:269.97。
实例30:4-(苯并[d][1,3]二氧杂环戊烯-5-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.35(d,J=1.7Hz,2H),6.95-6.86(m,1H),6.02(s,2H)。ES/MS m/z:C10H6N3O4(M-H)计算值:232.04,实测值:232.00。
实例31:4-(4-(2,2-二氟苯并[d][1,3]二氧杂环戊烯-5-基)苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-
羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.46-7.35(m,3H),7.32(dt,J=8.4,1.6Hz,1H),7.19(dd,J=8.4,1.3Hz,1H),6.89-6.81(m,2H)。ES/MS m/z:C16H8F2N3O4(M-H)计算值=344.06;实测值344.04
实例32:4-(2,3-二氢苯并[b][1,4]二噁英-6-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.39(s,1H),7.31(d,J=7.1Hz,1H),6.90(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),4.32-4.24(s,4H)。ES/MS m/z:C11H10N3O4(M+H)计算值:248.06,实测值:248.00。
实例33:4-(萘-2-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4):δ8.39(s,1H),7.98-7.86(m,4H),7.59-7.49(m,2H)。ES/MS m/z:C9H6ClFN3O2(M+H)计算值:242.01,实测值:239.97。
实例34:4-(吡啶-3-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ9.61-9.53(m,1H),9.24(dt,J=8.2,1.7Hz,1H),8.89(dt,J=5.7,1.2Hz,1H),8.18(ddd,J=8.2,5.8,0.8Hz,1H)。ES/MS m/z:C8H7N4O2(M+H)计算值:191.05,实测值:191.01
实例35:4-(吡啶-3-基)-1H-吡唑-3-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ9.40(d,J=1.9Hz,1H),9.00(ddd,J=8.2,2.0,1.5Hz,1H),8.79(ddd,J=5.6,1.4,0.7Hz,1H),8.35(s,1H),8.03(ddd,J=8.2,5.7,0.8Hz,1H)。ES/MS m/z:C9H7N3O2(M-H)计算值:190.05,实测值:190.02。
实例36:4-(喹啉-7-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.05-8.98(m,1H),8.62-8.52(m,1H),8.11(d,J=11.3Hz,1H),7.69-7.48(m,4H)。ES/MS m/z:C12H9N4O2(M+H)计算值:241.06,实测值:241.07。
实例37:4-(异喹啉-7-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ9.80(s,1H),9.11(s,1H),8.74(d,J=9.3Hz,1H),8.60(d,J=6.6Hz,1H),8.47(d,J=6.6Hz,1H),8.36(d,J=8.8Hz,1H)。ES/MS m/z:C12H8N4O2(M+H)计算值:241.06,实测值:241.05。
实例38:4-(6-苯基萘-2-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.43(s,1H),8.15(s,1H),8.02(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.95(s,1H),7.89-7.81(m,1H),7.81-7.74(m,2H),7.49(t,J=7.7Hz,2H),7.43-7.34(m,1H)。ES/MS m/z:C19H14N3O2(M+H)计算值:316.10,实测值:316.00。
实例39:4-(3-氯异喹啉-7-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ9.17(s,1H),8.70(s,1H),8.29(dd,J=8.6,1.7Hz,1H),8.12-7.86(m,2H)。ES/MS m/z:C12H8ClN4O2(M+H)计算值=275.03;实测值275.05。
实例40:4-(3-甲氧基异喹啉-7-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ9.06(d,J=0.9Hz,1H),8.40-8.35(m,1H),8.12(dd,J=8.7,1.9Hz,1H),7.94(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),7.19(s,1H),4.04(s,3H)。
实例41:4-(3-苯基异喹啉-7-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ9.55(s,1H),8.86(s,1H),8.45(d,J=15.6Hz,2H),8.20(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),8.07(d,J=7.7Hz,2H),7.64-7.51(m,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C18H13N4O2(M+H)计算值=317.10;实测值317.09。
实例42:4-(4-(萘-1-基)苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.02-7.85(m,5H),7.61-7.40(m,6H)。ES/MS m/z:C19H14N3O2(M+H)计算值=316.11;实测值316.03。
实例43:4-(4-(吡啶-2-基)苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.69(dt,J=4.7,1.5Hz,1H),8.19(d,J=12.8Hz,2H),8.03(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.90(td,J=7.7,1.9Hz,3H),7.38(dd,J=7.6,4.9Hz,1H)。ES/MSm/z:C14H11N4O2(M+H)计算值:267.08,实测值:267.10。
实例44:4-(4-(吡啶-3-基)苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ9.17(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),8.88-8.76(m,2H),8.11(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),8.06(dd,J=8.2,5.6Hz,1H),7.91(d,J=8.5Hz,2H)。ES/MS m/z:C14H11N4O2(M+H)计算值:267.09,实测值:267.04。
实例45:4-(4-(萘-2-基)苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.31(s,1H),8.09-7.99(m,2H),7.93(tt,J=8.6,4.4Hz,6H),7.54(tt,J=6.9,5.4Hz,2H)。ES/MSm/z:C19H12N3O2(M-H)计算值:314.10,实测值:314.14。
实例46:4-(4-(6-氯萘-2-基)苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.31(s,1H),8.07-7.91(m,6H),7.89(s,2H),7.51(dd,J=8.7,2.2Hz,1H)。ES/MS m/z:C19H13ClN3O2(M+H)计算值:350.06,实测值:350.00。
实例47:4-(4-(异喹啉-6-基)苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ9.51(s,1H),8.59(d,J=6.0Hz,1H),8.48(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),8.36(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),8.21(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),8.08(s,1H),8.02(s,4H)。ES/MS m/z:C14H11N4O2(M+H)计算值:267.09,实测值:267.04。
实例48:4-(4-(1-甲基-1H-苯并[d]咪唑-5-基)苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.36(s,1H),8.00(s,1H),7.85(t,J=15.5Hz,4H),7.70(s,2H),3.88(s,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C17H14N5O2(M+H)计算值:320.11,实测值:320.14。
实例49:4-(4′-氯-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.94(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.76-7.71(m,1H),7.71-7.65(m,2H),7.65-7.55(m,1H),7.61-7.58(m,1H),7.55-7.42(m,2H)。ES/MS m/z:C15H11ClN3O2(M+H)计算值:300.05,实测值:299.97。
实例50:4-(3′-氯-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.02-7.90(m,2H),7.76-7.66(m,3H),7.65-7.59(m,1H),7.45(t,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.38(ddd,J=8.0,2.1,1.1Hz,1H)。ES/MS m/z:C15H11ClN3O2(M+H)计算值:300.05,实测值:299.98。
实例51:4-(4′-溴-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.88(s,2H),7.77(d,J=7.9Hz,2H),7.72-7.60(m,4H)。ES/MS m/z:C15H11BrN3O2(M+H)计算值:344.00,实测值:344.06。
实例52:4-(2,4′-二氯-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.92(t,J=1.9Hz,2H),7.84-7.69(m,3H),7.58(dt,J=7.9,1.4Hz,1H),7.44(t,J=7.9Hz,2H)。ES/MS m/z:C15H11BrN3O2(M+H)计算值:344.00,实测值:343.95。
实例53:4-(4′-甲基-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.90(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.71(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.61-7.53(m,2H),7.31-7.24(m,2H),2.38(s,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C16H14N3O2(M+H)计算值:280.10,实测值:279.96。
实例54:4-(4′-(叔丁基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.90(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.73(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.66-7.58(m,2H),7.55-7.46(m,2H),1.36(s,9H)。ES/MS m/z:C19H20N3O2(M+H)计算值:322.15,实测值:322.06。
实例55:4-(4′-(三氟甲氧基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.95(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.78(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),7.75(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.41-7.34(m,2H)。ES/MS m/z:C16H11F3N3O3(M+H)计算值:350.08,实测值:350.00。
实例56:4-(4′-甲氧基-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.89(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.69(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.62(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),7.02(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),3.84(s,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C16H14N3O3(M+H)计算值:296.10,实测值:296.03。
实例57:4-(4′-氟-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.57-7.48(m,2H),7.43-7.36(m,2H),7.14-7.05(m,2H),6.87-6.80(m,2H)。ES/MS m/z:C15H11FN3O2(M+H)计算值=284.08;实测值284.31。
实例58:4-(3′,4′-二氯-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.96(d,J=7.9Hz,2H),7.87(d,J=1.7Hz,1H),7.75(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.68-7.58(m,2H)。ES/MS m/z:C15H10Cl2N3O2(M+H)计算值:334.02,实测值:334.08。
实例59:4-(4′-氰基-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.00(d,J=7.9Hz,2H),7.93-7.77(m,6H)。ES/MS m/z:C16H9N4O2(M-H)计算值=289.07,实测值:289.01。
实例60:4-(4′-氯-3′-氟-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.96(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.75(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),7.69-7.48(m,5H)。ES/MS m/z:C15H8ClFN3O2(M-H)计算值:316.04,实测值:316.09。
实例61:4-(3′-氯-4′-氟-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.95(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),7.81(dd,J=7.0,2.3Hz,1H),7.72(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),7.65(ddd,J=8.6,4.5,2.3Hz,1H),7.34(t,J=8.9Hz,1H)。ES/MSm/z:C15H10ClFN3O2(M+H)计算值:318.04,实测值:317.97。
实例62:4-(3′-苯氧基-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.91(d,J=7.9Hz,2H),7.68(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),7.49-7.42(m,2H),7.41-7.31(m,2H),7.29(dt,J=2.4,1.0Hz,1H),7.17-7.08(m,1H),7.06-7.00(m,2H),7.00-6.95(m,1H)。ES/MS m/z:C21H16N3O3(M+H)计算值:358.11,实测值:358.01。
实例63:4-(4′-苯氧基-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.91(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.78-7.63(m,4H),7.37(dd,J=8.5,7.3Hz,2H),7.12(d,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.09-6.97(m,4H)。ES/MS m/z:C21H16N3O3(M+H)计算值:358.11,实测值:357.98。
实例64:4-(4′-(吡啶-2-基氧基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.16(ddd,J=5.0,2.0,0.9Hz,1H),7.93(d,J=7.8Hz,2H),7.84(ddd,J=8.3,7.2,2.0Hz,1H),7.77-7.68(m,4H),7.27-7.19(m,2H),7.14(ddd,J=7.2,5.0,1.0Hz,1H),6.99(dt,J=8.3,0.9Hz,1H)。ES/MS m/z:C20H15N4O3(M+H)计算值:359.11,实测值:359.14。
实例65:4-(4′-乙酰基-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.14-8.07(m,2H),7.98(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),7.83(dd,J=11.8,8.3Hz,4H),2.65(s,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C17H14N3O3(M+H)计算值=308.10;实测值308.00。
实例66:4-(3′-氨基甲酰基-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.21(t,J=1.9Hz,1H),8.01-7.93(m,2H),7.89(dd,J=7.8,1.9Hz,2H),7.83-7.74(m,2H),7.58(t,J=7.8Hz,1H)。ES/MS m/z:C16H13N4O3(M+H)计算值:309.09,实测值:309.09。
实例67:4-(3′-(甲基氨基甲酰基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.14(t,J=1.8Hz,1H),8.01-7.91(m,2H),7.91-7.74(m,4H),7.56(t,J=7.8Hz,1H),2.95(s,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C17H15N4O3(M+H)计算值:323.11,实测值:323.12。
实例68:4-(4′-氨基甲酰基-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4):δ7.98(d,4H),7.77(d,4H)。ES/MS m/z:C16H13N4O3(M+H)计算值:309.09,实测值:309.05。
实例69:4-(4′-(甲基氨基甲酰基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.97(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.95-7.87(m,2H),7.84-7.72(m,4H),2.95(s,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C17H15N4O3(M+H)计算值:323.11,实测值:323.16。
实例70:4-(4′-(二甲基氨基甲酰基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4):δ8.03-7.92(m,2H),7.87-7.74(m,4H),7.60-7.47(m,2H),3.13(s,3H),3.06(s,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C18H17N4O3(M+H)计算值:337.35,实测值:338.06。
实例71:4-(4′-氨基甲酰基-3′-氯-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.97(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.86-7.74(m,3H),7.70(dd,J=8.1,1.7Hz,1H),7.62(d,J=8.1Hz,1H)。ES/MS m/z:C16H12ClN4O3(M+H)计算值:343.05,实测值:343.13。
实例72:4-(3′-氨磺酰基-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.22(t,J=1.8Hz,1H),7.99(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.91(dtt,J=8.5,3.6,1.8Hz,2H),7.84-7.73(m,2H),7.65(t,J=7.9Hz,1H)。ES/MS m/z:C15H13N4O4S(M-H)计算值:345.06,实测值:345.03。
实例73:4-(3′-(N,N-二甲基氨磺酰基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4):δ8.06-7.97(m,4H),7.85-7.69(m,4H),2.74(s,6H)。ES/MS m/z:C17H17N4O4S(M+H)计算值:373.09,实测值:373.11。
实例74:4-(3′-(哌啶-1-基磺酰基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.09(d,J=6.6Hz,1H),7.96(s,2H),7.93-7.79(m,3H),7.77(d,J=6.6Hz,2H),2.95(t,J=5.5Hz,4H),1.56(dt,J=10.7,5.9Hz,4H),1.42-1.30(m,2H)。ES/MS m/z:C20H21N4O4S(M+H)计算值:413.13,实测值:413.17。
实例75:4-(3′-(吗啉代磺酰基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4):δ8.08-7.96(m,4H),7.86-7.65(m,4H),3.78-3.65(m,4H),3.07-2.95(m,4H)。ES/MS m/z:C19H19N4O5S(M+H)计算值:415.10,实测值:415.11。
实例76:4-(4′-氯-3′-氨磺酰基-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.35(d,J=2.3Hz,1H),7.98(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.90-7.83(m,1H),7.82-7.72(m,2H),7.71-7.62(m,1H)。ES/MS m/z:C15H12ClN4O3S(M+H)计算值:379.02,实测值:379.07。
实例77:4-(4′-氨磺酰基-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.99(d,J=8.2Hz,4H),7.86(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),7.80(d,J=8.1Hz,2H)。ES/MS m/z:C15H11N4O4S(M-H)计算值:343.06,实测值:342.31。
实例78:4-(4′-(N,N-二甲基氨磺酰基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.01(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),7.96-7.93(m,2H),7.91-7.86(m,2H),7.83(dd,J=7.6,5.6Hz,2H),2.73(s,6H)。ES/MS m/z:C17H17N4O4S(M+H)计算值:373.09,实测值:373.06。
实例79:4-(4′-(哌啶-1-基磺酰基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.01(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),7.97-7.85(m,4H),7.82(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),2.94(t,J=5.5Hz,4H),1.56(p,J=6.2,5.4Hz,4H),1.45-1.32(m,2H)。ES/MSm/z:C20H21N4O4S(M+H)计算值:413.13,实测值:413.10。
实例80:4-(4′-(吗啉代磺酰基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.05-7.93(m,4H),7.93-7.76(m,4H),3.78-3.65(m,4H),3.07-2.96(m,4H)。ES/MS m/z:C19H19N4O5S(M+H)计算值:415.11,实测值:415.07。
实例81:4-(3′-乙酰氨基-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4):δ8.06-7.85(m,3H),7.77-7.68(m,2H),7.60-7.51(m,1H),7.47-7.32(m,2H),2.15(s,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C17H15N4O3(M+H)计算值:323.11,实测值:323.13。
实例82:4-(4′-乙酰氨基-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.03(s,1H),7.85(s,2H),7.73(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.68(s,4H),2.05(s,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C17H15N4O3(M+H)计算值:323.11,实测值:323.12。
实例83:4-(4′-(2-氧代吡咯烷-1-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.76(m,8H),3.87(t,J=7.0Hz,2H),2.52(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),2.07(p,J=7.6Hz,2H)。ES/MS m/z:C19H17N4O3(M+H)计算值:349.12,实测值:349.13。
实例84:4-(2,4′-二氯-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.88(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.69(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.61(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),7.06(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),3.93-3.81(m,4H),3.23-3.16(m,4H)。ES/MS m/z:C19H19N4O2(M+H)计算值:351.14,实测值:350.01。
实例85:4-(4′-氯-2′-甲基-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.94-7.87(m,2H),7.44-7.37(m,2H),7.32(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),7.29-7.18(m,2H),2.27(s,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C16H13N3O2(M+H)计算值=314.07;实测值314.01。
实例86:4-(9H-芴-2-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.02(s,1H),7.94-7.80(m,3H),7.58(dt,J=7.3,1.0Hz,1H),7.43-7.29(m,2H),3.97(s,2H)。ES/MSm/z:C16H12N3O2(M+H)计算值:278.09,实测值:278.02。
实例87:4-(二苯并[b,d]呋喃-3-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.16(dd,J=1.3,0.6Hz,1H),8.14-8.04(m,2H),7.87(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.61(dt,J=8.3,0.9Hz,1H),7.52(ddd,J=8.4,7.3,1.3Hz,1H),7.39(ddd,J=7.7,7.2,1.0Hz,1H)。ES/MS m/z:C15H10N3O3(M+H)计算值:280.06,实测值:280.00。
实例88:4-(9H-咔唑-2-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,乙腈-d3)δ6.77(dd,J=18.7,8.0Hz,2H),6.64(s,1H),6.23(s,1H),6.12(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),6.05(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),5.83(t,J=7.4Hz,1H)。ES/MS m/z:C15H11N4O2(M+H)计算值=279.09;实测值279.01。
实例89:4-(9-氧代-9H-芴-2-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.11(d,J=13.5Hz,2H),7.77(dd,J=14.9,7.6Hz,2H),7.69-7.53(m,2H),7.39(t,J=7.3Hz,1H)。ES/MS m/z:C16H10N3O3(M+H)计算值:292.06,实测值:292.08。
实例90:4-(9,9-二甲基-9H-芴-2-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.96(d,J=1.5Hz,1H),7.88-7.76(m,3H),7.50(dd,J=5.8,2.9Hz,1H),7.39-7.29(m,2H),1.51(s,6H)。ES/MSm/z:C18H16N3O2(M+H)计算值=306.12;实测值306.06。
实例91:4-(4′-氯-3′-甲基-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.12(d,J=7.9Hz,2H),6.91(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),6.81(d,J=2.3Hz,1H),6.72-6.52(m,3H),1.64(s,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C16H11ClN3O2(M-H)计算值:312.06,实测值:312.08。
实例92:4-(4′-氨基甲酰基-3′-甲基-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.95(d,J=7.7Hz,2H),7.75(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.62-7.45(m,3H),2.53(s,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C17H15N4O3(M+H)计算值:323.11,实测值:323.10。
实例93:4-(4-(1-氧代-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉-6-基)苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.01(t,J=7.3Hz,2H),7.79(d,J=8.0Hz,3H),7.74-7.63(m,2H),3.55(t,J=6.7Hz,2H),3.08(t,J=6.6Hz,2H)。ES/MS m/z:C18H15N4O3(M+H)计算值:335.11,实测值:335.16。
实例94:4-(4-(1-氧代-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉-6-基)苯基)-1H-吡唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.89(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.77-7.56(m,5H),3.40(dt,J=7.2,3.6Hz,2H),2.97(t,J=6.6Hz,2H)。ES/MS m/z:C19H16N3O3(M+H)计算值:334.11,实测值:334.13。
实例95:4-(4-(3-甲基-1-氧代-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉-6-基)苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.01(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.99-7.93(m,2H),7.82-7.75(m,2H),7.69(dd,J=8.1,1.8Hz,1H),7.62(d,J=1.7Hz,1H),3.84(dqd,J=12.9,6.5,4.6Hz,1H),3.11(dd,J=15.8,4.5Hz,1H),2.84(dd,J=15.7,10.1Hz,1H),1.33(d,J=6.5Hz,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C19H17N4O3(M+H)计算值:349.13,实测值:349.10。
实例96:4-(4-(2-甲基-1-氧代-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉-6-基)苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ13.14(s,1H),7.96(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.85(m,4H),7.72(dd,J=8.2,1.8Hz,1H),7.69(s,2H),3.59(t,J=6.6Hz,2H),3.07(t,J=6.6Hz,2H),3.05(s,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C19H17N4O3(M+H)计算值:349.13,实测值:349.09。
实例97:4-(4-(1-氧代异吲哚啉-5-基)苯基)-1H-1,2l4,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4):δ8.00(m,3H),7.94-7.77(m,4H),4.55(s,2H)。ES/MS m/z:C17H13N4O3(M+H)计算值:321.09,实测值:321.07。
实例98:4-(4-(3,3-二甲基-1-氧代异吲哚啉-5-基)苯基)-1H-1,2l4,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.98(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.90-7.76(m,5H),1.60(s,6H)。ES/MS m/z:C19H18N4O3(M+H)计算值=349.13;实测值349.13。
实例99:4-([1,1′:3′,1″-三联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.06-7.83(m,5H),7.81-7.76(m,2H),7.73-7.62(m,2H),7.57(t,J=7.7Hz,1H),7.48(dd,J=8.4,6.9Hz,2H),7.43-7.30(m,1H)。ES/MS m/z:C21H16N3O2(M+H)计算值:342.12,实测值:342.01。
实例100:4-([1,1′:4′,1″-三联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.97-7.63(m,10H),7.48(t,J=7.6Hz,2H),7.46-7.25(m,2H)。ES/MS m/z:C21H14N3O2(M-H)计算值:340.12,实测值:339.95。
实例101:4-(4′-(吡啶-2-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.83(d,J=5.3Hz,1H),8.62(s,2H),8.41(d,J=9.3Hz,1H),8.17-7.93(m,6H),7.87(d,J=9.7Hz,2H)。ES/MS m/z:C20H15N4O2(M+H)计算值:343.11,实测值:343.15。
实例102:4-(4′-(吡啶-3-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ9.04(s,1H),8.67(d,J=5.0Hz,1H),8.56-8.50(m,1H),7.99(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.94-7.86(m,4H),7.83(d,J=8.1Hz,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C20H15N4O2(M+H)计算值:343.12,实测值:343.13。
实例103:4-(4′-(吡啶-4-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.79(d,J=6.1Hz,2H),8.30-8.23(m,2H),8.07(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),8.02(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.97(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),7.86(d,J=8.3Hz,2H)。ES/MSm/z:C20H15N4O2(M+H)计算值:343.12,实测值:343.13。
实例104:4-(4′-(嘧啶-2-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.87(d,J=4.8Hz,2H),8.52(d,J=8.5Hz,2H),7.98(s,2H),7.85(dd,J=8.2,6.4Hz,4H),7.37(t,J=4.9Hz,1H)。ES/MS m/z:C19H14N5O2(M+H)计算值=344.11;实测值344.03。
实例105:4-(4′-(1-甲基-1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.33(s,1H),7.95(dd,J=14.0,8.3Hz,4H),7.79(d,J=8.2Hz,4H),4.18(s,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C18H15N6O2(M+H)计算值=347.13;实测值347.14。
实例106:4-(4′-(1-甲基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.53(s,1H),8.14-8.04(m,2H),7.84(d,J=8.7Hz,6H),3.93(s,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C18H15N6O2(M+H)计算值:347.12,实测值:347.10。
实例107:4-(4′-(1-甲基-1H-吡唑-3-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.96-7.87(m,4H),7.83(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.78(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),7.76(d,J=2.2Hz,1H),6.76(d,J=2.3Hz,1H),3.91(s,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C19H16N5O2(M+H)计算值:346.13,实测值:346.15。
实例108:4-(4′-(噻唑-2-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.07(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.97(d,J=7.7Hz,2H),7.89(d,J=3.3Hz,1H),7.83(t,J=8.7Hz,4H),7.63(d,J=3.3Hz,1H)。ES/MS m/z:C18H13N4O2S(M+H)计算值:349.07,实测值:349.03。
实例109:4-(4′-(5-甲基噻唑-2-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ8.03-7.74(m,8H),7.62(s,1H),2.50(s,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C19H15N4O2S(M+H)计算值:362.08,实测值:362.11。
实例110:4-(4′-(5-(三氟甲基)噻唑-2-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.58(s,1H),8.15(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.97(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.94-7.85(m,4H)。ES/MS m/z:C19H12F3N4O2S(M+H)计算值:417.06,实测值:417.00。
实例111:4-(4′-(5-甲基-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.03(d,J=6.5Hz,1H),8.00(d,J=16.3Hz,2H),7.96-7.89(m,3H),7.85(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),2.78(s,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C18H12N5O2S(M-H)计算值:362.07,实测值:362.03。
实例112:4-(4′-(噁唑-2-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.13(s,1H),δ8.09-7.91(m,4H),δ7.91-7.77(m,3H),δ7.39-7.28(s,2H)。ES/MS m/z:C18H13N4O3(M+H)计算值=333.10;实测值333.00。
实例113:4-(4′-(异噁唑-3-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.02(d,J=1.7Hz,1H),8.07-7.97(m,3H),7.93-7.86(m,5H),7.24-7.19(m,1H)。ES/MS m/z:C18H13N4O3(M+H)计算值=333.10;实测值333.05。
实例114:4-(4′-(4-甲基噻唑-2-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.03(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.95(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.87(t,J=7.9Hz,4H),7.36(d,J=1.2Hz,1H),3.33(s,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C19H15N4O2S(M+H)计算值:363.09,实测值:363.08。
实例115:4-(4′-(2-甲基-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.30(s,1H),7.95(t,J=7.0Hz,4H),7.90-7.80(m,4H),4.22(s,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C18H15N6O2(M+H)计算值:347.13,实测值:347.02。
实例116:4-(4′-(噻唑-5-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.10(s,1H),8.39(s,1H),7.81(q,J=8.4Hz,8H)。ES/MSm/z:C18H13N4O2S(M+H)计算值:349.07,实测值:348.96。
实例117:4-(4′-(1,5-二甲基-1H-吡唑-3-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.92(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.88-7.79(m,4H),7.76(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),6.54(s,1H),3.78(s,3H),2.30(s,3H)。ES/MSm/z:C20H18N5O2(M+H)计算值:360.15,实测值:360.16。
实例118:4-(4′-(1,5-二甲基-1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ13.13(s,1H),7.95-7.90(m,1H),7.89-7.75(m,8H),4.00(s,3H),2.51(s,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C19H17N6O2(M+H)计算值:361.14,实测值:361.13。
实例119:4-(4′-(1H-吡唑-1-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.28(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),7.96(d,J=7.8Hz,2H),7.91-7.62(m,6H),6.56(d,J=2.4Hz,2H)。ES/MS m/z:C18H14N5O2(M+H)计算值=332.11;实测值332.14。
实例120:4-(4′-(1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.59(s,1H),8.07(s,2H),8.01-7.85(m,5H),7.79(d,J=8.2Hz,2H)。ES/MS m/z:C17H13N6O2(M+H)计算值=333.11;实测值333.11。
实例121:4-(4′-(5-甲基-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.01(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.97-7.90(m,2H),7.83(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),7.70-7.61(m,3H),2.42(d,J=0.9Hz,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C18H15N6O2(M+H)计算值:347.13,实测值:347.09。
实例122:4-(4′-(苯并[d]噻唑-2-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.20(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),8.16(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),8.08(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.96(d,J=8.2Hz,5H),7.88(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),7.55(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.47(t,J=7.6Hz,1H)。ES/MS m/z:C22H15N4O2S(M+H)计算值:399.09,实测值:399.08。
实例123:4,4′-([1,1′-联苯]-4,4′-二基)双(1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸)
4,4′-([1,1′-联苯]-4,4′-二基)双(1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸)由5-溴-2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸乙酯(11)和2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-5-(4′-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼杂环戊烷-2-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸乙酯(13)以类似于铃木反应的一般程序的方式制备,接着PMB脱保护和酯水解:1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.95(s,4H),7.86(d,J=8.1Hz,4H)。ES/MS m/z:C18H13N6O4(M+H)计算值:377.10,实测值:377.03。
实例181:4-(4′-(5,6-二氢-4H-环戊二烯并[d]噻唑-2-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.99(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.86(m,6H),3.17(s,2H),2.96(s,2H),2.89-2.78(m,2H)。ES/MS m/z:C21H17N4O2S(M+H)计算值:389.11,实测值:389.11。
按照与上述铃木反应和SEM或PMB脱保护的代表性程序类似的方式制备下列化合物,然后用前面提到的硼酸酯中间体6或8,在杂环N-H的SEM保护后,用可商购的含杂环溴化物进行酯水解:
实例124:4-(4′-(1H-吡唑-4-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.11(s,2H),7.79(d,J=14.4Hz,4H),7.72(s,4H)。ES/MS m/z:C18H14N5O2(M+H)计算值:332.11,实测值:332.07。
实例125:4-(4′-(1H-吡唑-5-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.99-7.86(m,4H),7.88-7.74(m,4H),7.72(d,J=2.2Hz,1H),6.76(t,J=2.3Hz,1H)。ES/MS m/z:C18H14N5O2(M+H)计算值:332.11,实测值:332.11。
实例126:4-(4-(1H-苯并[d]咪唑-5-基)苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ9.31(s,1H),8.09(dd,J=1.6,0.8Hz,1H),8.03(d,J=1.8Hz,1H),8.02-7.89(m,3H),7.88-7.79(m,2H)。ES/MS m/z:C16H12N5O3(M+H)计算值:306.09,实测值:306.14。
实例127:4-(4′-(1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.96(d,J=7.6Hz,4H),7.80(d,J=7.9Hz,5H)。ES/MSm/z:C16H12N5O3(M+H)计算值:333.10,实测值:333.07。
实例128:4-(4′-(1H-咪唑-2-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.29-7.05(m,4H),6.95-6.62(m,6H)。ES/MS m/z:C18H14N5O2(M+H)计算值=332.11;实测值332.12。
实例129:4-(4′-(1H-咪唑-4-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4):δ9.02(d,J=1.4Hz,1H),8.10-7.95(m,3H),7.85(dt,J=24.3,8.3Hz,6H)。ES/MS m/z:C18H14N5O2(M+H)计算值=332.11;实测值332.12。
实例130:4-(4′-(4-甲基-1H-吡唑-3-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ12.98(s,2H),7.82(d,J=8.1Hz,4H),7.75(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.51(s,1H),2.23(d,J=0.7Hz,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C19H16N5O2(M+H)计算值=346.13;实测值346.18。
以类似于铃木反应和通过HCl的SEM脱保护的代表性程序制备下列化合物,然后使用前面提到的溴化物中间体4或10,在转化为频哪醇硼酸酯后,用可商购的溴化物进行酯水解:
实例131:4-(4′-(5-甲基-1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,D2O+NaHCO3)δ7.5-8.0(m,8H),2.48(s,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C18H15N6O2(M+H)计算值:347.13,实测值:347.12。
实例132:4-(6-氯萘-2-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.45(m,1H)7.92(dd,J=13.0,8.2Hz,4H),7.50(d,J=8.7Hz,1H)。ES/MS m/z:C13H9ClN3O2(M+H)计算值:274.04,实测值:273.96。
实例133:4-(菲-2-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.88(s,2H),8.43(s,1H),8.22-7.82(m,4H),7.80-7.59(m,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C17H12N3O2(M+H)计算值=290.09;实测值290.03。
实例134:4-(7-氨基-9H-芴-2-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.07(s,1H),7.97(dd,J=14.0,8.1Hz,2H),7.88(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.55(s,1H),7.36(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),4.05(s,2H)。ES/MS m/z:C16H13N4O2(M+H)计算值:293.10,实测值:293.05。
实例135:5-(3-氯-4-氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸
步骤1
在0℃下向4-溴-3-甲基-1H-吡唑-5-羧酸甲酯(275mg,1.255mmol)的DMF溶液中加入氢化钠(60%悬浮液,1.38mmol),然后加入SEM-Cl(0.233mL,1.31mmol)。10分钟后,将反应混合物用饱和NaHCO3稀释,然后将产物用乙酸乙酯萃取,干燥(MgSO4),浓缩,并通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化,用乙酸乙酯的己烷溶液洗脱,得到4-溴-3-甲基-1-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-1H-吡唑-5-羧酸甲酯的异构体混合物:ES/MS m/z:C12H22BrN2OsSi(M+H)计算值:349.05,实测值:348.93。
步骤2、步骤3和步骤4
使用(3-氯-4-氟苯基)硼酸,按照与铃木反应的一般程序类似的方式制备4-(3-氯-4-氟苯基)-3-甲基-1H-吡唑-5-羧酸,然后通过HCl进行SEM脱保护和酯水解:1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.43(ddd,J=7.2,1.9,0.5Hz,1H),7.31-7.19(m,2H),2.22(s,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C11H9ClFN2O2(M+H)计算值:255.03,实测值:254.94。
实例136:4-(3-氯-4-氟苯基)-3-甲基-1H-吡唑-5-羧酸
步骤1
在N2条件下,将1-(3-氯-4-氟苯基)乙-1-酮(301,5.00g,29.0mmol)的碳酸二甲酯(4.9mL,58mmol)溶液滴加到搅拌的叔丁醇钾(6.50g,57.9mmol)的THF(30mL)溶液中,并在水浴中冷却。90分钟后,将反应混合物在冰浴中冷却,然后用2M HCl猝灭。然后将混合物用乙酸乙酯萃取,将有机萃取液干燥(MgSO4)并真空浓缩。将得到的粗残余物通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化,用0%-40%乙酸乙酯的己烷溶液洗脱,得到3-(3-氯-4-氟苯基)-3-氧代丙酸甲酯(2.97g,44%)。LC/MS m/z:C10H9ClFO3(M+H)计算值:231.02,实测值:231.0。
步骤23-(3-氯-4-氟苯基)-3-氧代丙酸甲酯(537mg,2.33mmol)、对甲氧基苄基叠氮化物(400mg,2.45mmol)和碳酸钾(1.36g,9.80mmol)的混合物的二甲亚砜(5mL)溶液在80℃下剧烈搅拌过夜。然后将反应混合物冷却并用水稀释后,通过过滤分离所得的固体,然后通过硅胶柱色谱法进一步纯化,用0%-50%乙酸乙酯的己烷溶液洗脱,得到5-(3-氯-4-氟苯基)-1-(4-甲氧基苄基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸甲酯(400mg,43%),为白色固体:ES/MSm/z:C18H16ClFN3O3(M+H)计算值:376.09,实测值376.1。
步骤3和步骤4
在室温下,向5-(3-氯-4-氟苯基)-1-(4-甲氧基苄基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸甲酯(75mg,0.20mmol)的1∶1 THF/甲醇(2mL)溶液中加入1M LiOH(1.0mL,1.0mmol)。搅拌1小时后,用2N HCl酸化反应混合物,并用乙酸乙酯萃取产物(x3)。将合并的有机萃取物干燥(MgSO4),并真空浓缩。将所得残余物溶于TFA,并在65℃下搅拌2小时。真空浓缩反应混合物后,通过反相制备型HPLC纯化残余物,得到5-(3-氯-4-氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸:1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ13.33(br s,1H),8.07(br s,1H),7.84(br s,1H),7.54(br t,J=8.0Hz,1H)。ES/MS m/z:C9H6ClFN3O2(M+H)计算值:242.01,实测值242.0。
实例137:4-苯基-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
以与实例136中的程序相似的方式由苯乙酮制备4-苯基-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸:1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ13.14(br s,1H),7.79(br s,2H),7.51-7.42(m,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C9H8N3O2(M+H)计算值:190.06,实测值190.0。
实例138:4-(3-氯苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
以与实例136中的程序相似的方式,由3-氯苯乙酮制备4-(3-氯苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸:1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.92(s,1H),7.80(br s,1H),7.54-7.48(m,2H)。ES/MS m/z:C9H7ClN3O2(M+H)计算值:224.02,实测值224.0。
实例139:4-(吡啶-2-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
步骤1
在5mL微波小瓶中,加入5-溴-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸甲酯(192mg,0.55mmol)的异构体混合物、2-(三丁基甲锡烷基)吡啶(222mg,0.193mL,0.60mmol)、四(三苯基膦)钯(0)(63mg,0.055mmol)和甲苯(2mL)。用氩气吹扫5分钟后,将所得混合物在110℃下搅拌2小时。冷却后,将反应混合物用饱和NaHCO3稀释,然后将产物用乙酸乙酯萃取,干燥(MgSO4),浓缩,并通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化,用乙酸乙酯的己烷溶液洗脱,得到5-(吡啶-2-基)-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸乙酯:ES/MS m/z:C16H25N4O3Si(M+H)计算值:349.16,实测值:349.05。
步骤2和步骤3
按照与SEM通过HCl脱保护,然后进行酯水解的一般程序类似的方式,制备4-(吡啶-2-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸:1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.78(d,J=5.2Hz,1H),8.41(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),8.25(t,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.69(dd,J=7.4,5.4Hz,1H)。ES/MS m/z:C8H7N4O2(M+H)计算值:191.05,实测值:190.99。
实例140:4-(吡啶-2-基)-1H-吡唑-5-羧酸
以与实例141的程序类似的方式,由4-(三丁基甲锡烷基)吡啶制备4-(吡啶-2-基)-1H-吡唑-5-羧酸:1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.85-8.78(m,1H),8.70(s,1H),8.54(td,J=8.0,1.6Hz,1H),8.43(dt,J=8.4,1.0Hz,1H),7.89(ddd,J=7.3,5.9,1.2Hz,1H)。ES/MSm/z:C9H8N3O2(M+H)计算值:190.05,实测值:190.00。
实例141:4-(噻唑-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
以与实例141类似的方式,由4-(三丁基甲锡烷基)噻唑制备4-(噻唑-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸:1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ9.32(s,1H),8.65(s,1H),3.15(s,1H)。ES/MSm/z:C6H3N4O2S(M-H)计算值:191.05,实测值:194.95。
实例142和实例143:4-(3′-(二甲基氨基甲酰基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸和4-(3′-羧基-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
步骤1
以与铃木反应的一般程序类似的方式,由3-溴-N,N-二甲基苯甲酰胺制备5-(3′-(二甲基氨基甲酰基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸乙酯的异构体混合物:
步骤2和步骤3
以与SEM通过HCl脱保护,然后进行酯水解的一般程序类似的方式,制备4-(3′-(二甲基氨基甲酰基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸和4-(3′-羧基-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸。通过沉淀分离两种化合物,随后进行制备型HPLC纯化:
实例142:4-(3′-(二甲基氨基甲酰基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.33(t,J=1.7Hz,1H),8.10-7.87(m,3H),7.87-7.71(m,2H),7.59(t,J=7.9Hz,2H)。ES/MS m/z:C16H12N3O4(M+H)计算值:310.07,实测值:310.05。
实例143:4-(3′-羧基-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.96(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.86-7.72(m,4H),7.57(td,J=7.7,0.6Hz,1H),7.44(dt,J=7.6,1.3Hz,1H),3.14(s,3H),3.06(s,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C18H17N4O3(M+H)计算值:337.12,实测值:337.17。
实例144:4-(4-(1H-吲唑-5-基)苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
步骤1
向5-溴-1H-吲唑(100mg,0.49mmol)的二氯甲烷(2.0mL)溶液中加入对甲苯磺酸(9.0mg,0.049mmol)和3,4-二氢吡喃(0.089mL,0.97mmol)。将混合物加热至35℃过夜后,将反应混合物用饱和NaHCO3水溶液稀释,然后用乙酸乙酯萃取产物(x2)。合并的有机层用水洗涤(x1),干燥(Na2SO4),并浓缩。将残余物通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化,用乙酸乙酯的己烷溶液洗脱,得到5-溴-1-(四氢-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑:1H NMR(400MHz,乙腈-d3)δ8.03-7.93(m,2H),7.62(dt,J=8.9,0.8Hz,1H),7.52(dd,J=8.9,1.9Hz,1H),5.77(dd,J=9.8,2.6Hz,1H),4.89(t,J=3.8Hz,0H),4.01-3.91(m,1H),3.86-3.72(m,1H),3.48(dd,J=11.0,6.0Hz,0H),2.47(dddd,J=13.7,12.2,9.7,4.0Hz,1H),2.17-1.97(m,2H),1.87-1.60(m,3H),1.64-1.48(m,1H)。ES/MS m/z:C12H14BrN2O(M+H)计算值=281.03;实测值280.75。
步骤2、步骤3和步骤4
用中间体6和5-溴-1-(四氢-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑,以与铃木反应的一般程序类似的方式,并由TFA进行PMB和THP脱保护,然后酯水解,制备4-(4-(1H-吲唑-5-基)苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸:1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.10-8.05(m,1H),7.89(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.50-7.35(m,6H)。ES/MS m/z:C15H11ClN3O2(M+H)计算值:300.05,实测值:300.00。
实例145:4-(4-(1H-吲唑-6-基)苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
以与实例146中的程序类似的方式,由6-溴-1H-吲唑制备4-(4-(1H-吲唑-6-基)苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸:1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.10-7.92(m,3H),7.81(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.75(s,1H),7.65(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),7.46(d,J=8.7Hz,2H)。ES/MS m/z:C16H12N5O2(M+H)计算值=306.10;实测值306.15。
实例146:4-(4′-氯-3′-(吗啉代磺酰基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
步骤1
在0℃下,向5-溴-2-氯苯磺酰氯(366mg,10mmol)的THF(3mL)溶液中加入吗啉(220mg,3mmol)。10分钟后,用乙酸乙酯稀释反应混合物,用1N HCl(x2)、水(x1)和饱和NaHCO3(x1)洗涤。将所得有机馏分干燥(MgSO4)并浓缩。将残余物通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化,用0%-100%乙酸乙酯的己烷溶液洗脱,得到4-((5-溴-2-氯苯基)磺酰基)吗啉:1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d):δ7.60(s,1H),7.60(d,1H),7.29(d,1H),3.70(m,4H),3.28(m,4H)。
步骤2、步骤3和步骤4
用中间体6和4-((5-溴-2-氯苯基)磺酰基)吗啉,以与铃木反应的一般程序类似的方式,并进行PMB脱保护,然后酯水解,制备4-(4′-氯-3′-(吗啉代磺酰基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸:1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.30(d,J=2.3Hz,1H),8.07-7.91(m,3H),7.76(dd,J=16.0,8.2Hz,3H),3.75-3.65(m,4H),3.29(m,4H):ES/MS m/z:C19H18ClN4O5S(M+H)计算值:449.06,实测值:449.16。
实例147:4-(3-溴苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
步骤1
以与铃木反应的一般程序类似的方式,使用中间体4′和(3-氨基苯基)硼酸,制备5-(3-氨基苯基)-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸甲酯的异构体混合物:ES/MS m/z:C16H25N4O3Si(M+H)计算值:347.17,实测值:348.96。
步骤2:
在0℃下,向4-(3-氨基苯基)-1-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸甲酯(102mg,0.29mmol)的3mL乙腈溶液中加入亚硝酸叔丁酯(0.042mL,0.35mmol))和溴化铜(II)(78mg,0.35mmol)。30分钟后,将反应混合物用饱和NaHCO3稀释,然后将产物用乙酸乙酯萃取,干燥(MgSO4),浓缩,并通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化,用乙酸乙酯的己烷溶液洗脱,得到5-(3-溴苯基)-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸甲酯的异构体混合物:1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d):δ8.12-7.30(m,4H),6.18-5.76(m,2H),3.98(d,3H),3.78-3.684(m,2H),0.95(m,2H),0.00(d,9H)。
步骤3和步骤4
以类似于由HCl进行SEM脱保护的一般方法,然后酯水解的方式,制备5-(4-溴苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸:1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.07(s,1H),7.85(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.63-7.56(m,1H),7.38(t,J=7.9Hz,1H)。ES/MS m/z:C9H7BrN3O2(M+H)计算值:267.96,实测值:267.90。
实例148:4-(2-氯-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
步骤1和步骤2
以与实例149、步骤1和步骤2类似的方法,使用2-氯-4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼杂环戊烷-2-基)苯胺,制备5-(4-溴-3-氯苯基)-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸甲酯的异构体混合物:ES/MS m/z:C16H22BrClN3O3Si(M+H)计算值:446.03,实测值:445.69。
步骤3、步骤4和步骤5
使用苯基硼酸以与铃木反应类似的一般程序,由HCl进行SEM脱保护,以及酯水解,制备4-(2-氯-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸:1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.10-8.05(m,1H),7.89(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.50-7.35(m,6H)。ES/MS m/z:C15H11ClN3O2(M+H)计算值:300.05,实测值:300.00。
实例149:4-(2,4′-二氯-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
由5-(4-溴-3-氯苯基)-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸甲酯的异构体混合物和4-氯苯基硼酸,以与铃木反应的一般程序类似的方式,随后通过由HCl进行的SEM脱保护和酯水解的一般方法,制备4-(2,4′-二氯-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸:1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.00(d,J=1.7Hz,1H),7.81(dd,J=8.0,1.8Hz,1H),7.37(m,5H)。ES/MS m/z:C15H10Cl2N3O2(M+H)计算值:334.01,实测值:333.97。
实例150:4-(3-氯-4-氟苯基)-1-甲基-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
在0℃下,向5-(3-氯-4-氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸(10mg,0.038mmol)的0.5mL DMF溶液中加入NaH(60%油悬浮液,6mg)。在0℃下10分钟后,加入碘甲烷(7μL,0.11mmol),将所得混合物在0℃下搅拌10分钟。在通过加入甲醇猝灭反应之后,通过HPLC纯化产物,得到5-(3-氯-4-氟苯基)-1-甲基-1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸:1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ7.99(dd,J=7.1,2.2Hz,1H),7.82(ddd,J=8.6,4.6,2.2Hz,1H),7.20(t,J=8.7Hz,1H),4.31(s,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C10H6ClFN3O2(M-H)计算值:254.01,实测值:253.96。
实例151:4-(4′-(1-甲基-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
步骤1
在0℃下,向4-(4-溴苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑(242mg,1.05mmol)的2mL DMF溶液中加入60%NaH的油悬浮液(48mg,1.2mmol)。在0℃下10分钟后,加入碘甲烷(71μL,1.1mmol),将所得混合物在0℃下搅拌10分钟。将反应混合物用乙酸乙酯和盐水萃取,浓缩有机层,并通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化,用乙酸乙酯和己烷洗脱,得到5-(4-溴苯基)-1-甲基-1H-1,2,3-三唑:ES/MS m/z:C9H9BrN3(M+H)计算值:237.99,实测值:238.09。
步骤2、步骤3和步骤4
由化合物28以与铃木反应的一般程序类似的方式,然后通过由HCl进行的SEM脱保护和酯水解,制备4-(4′-(1-甲基-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸:1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.27(s,1H),8.09(s,2H),7.97-7.88(m,2H),7.81(dt,J=13.6,5.3Hz,4H),4.20(s,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C18H15N6O2(M+H)计算值:347.12,实测值:347.04。
实例152:4-(4-(2,3,3-三甲基-1-氧代异吲哚啉-5-基)苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
步骤1
在0℃下,向5-溴-3,3-二甲基异吲哚啉-1-酮(205mg,0.85mmol)的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(2mL)溶液中加入60%氢化钠的矿物油(43mg,1.08mmol)。15分钟后,向反应混合物中加入碘甲烷(0.1mL,1.61mmol)。将所得溶液在0℃下搅拌1小时。反应混合物用乙酸乙酯(~25mL)稀释,然后用~50%的饱和NH4Cl溶液洗涤。用乙酸乙酯(25mL×1)萃取含水馏分后,合并有机馏分,干燥(MgSO4),并浓缩。残余物通过硅胶柱色谱纯化,用0%-100%EA的己烷溶液洗脱,得到5-溴-2,3,3-三甲基异吲哚啉-1-酮:ES/MS m/z:C11H13BrNO(M+H)计算值:254.02,实测值:254.12。
步骤2、步骤3和步骤4
由中间体6和5-溴-2,3,3-三甲基异吲哚啉-1-酮按照与铃木反应的一般程序类似的方式,以及PMB脱保护,然后酯水解,制备4-(4-(2,3,3-三甲基-1-氧代异吲哚啉-5-基)苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸:1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.10(d,J=1.5Hz,1H),8.00(s,2H),7.89(dd,J=7.7,5.6Hz,2H),7.83(dd,J=7.9,1.6Hz,1H),7.73(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),2.95(s,3H),1.50(s,6H)。ES/MS m/z:C20H19N4O3(M+H)计算值:363.15,实测值:363.12。
实例153:4-(4-(3,3-二甲基-1-氧代-2-(2,2,2-三氟乙基)异吲哚啉-5-基)苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
以与实例154类似的方式,使用三氟甲磺酸2,2,2-三氟乙酯,由5-溴-3,3-二甲基异吲哚啉-1-酮制备4-(4-(3,3-二甲基-1-氧代-2-(2,2,2-三氟乙基)异吲哚啉-5-基)苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸:1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.11(d,J=19.7Hz,3H),8.00-7.83(m,3H),7.79(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),4.34(q,J=9.6Hz,2H),1.58(s,6H)。ES/MS m/z:C21H18F3N4O3(M+H)计算值:431.13,实测值:431.15。
实例154:4-(9-甲基-9H-咔唑-2-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
步骤1
使用中间体4和2-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼杂环戊烷-2-基)-9H-咔唑,以与铃木反应的一般程序类似的方式,制备5-(9H-咔唑-2-基)-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸乙酯。
步骤2
向5-(9H-咔唑-2-基)-1-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸乙酯(0.060g;0.068mmol)的二甲基甲酰胺(1mL)溶液中,加入60%氢化钠的矿物油(0.008g;0.21mmol),并搅拌30分钟,然后加入MeI(0.009mL;0.13mmol)。将溶液在室温下搅拌过夜。一旦完成,用乙酸乙酯(10mL)稀释混合物,并用饱和NH4Cl(1mL)洗涤。在用乙酸乙酯(2x10mL)萃取含水馏分后,合并有机馏分,并用5%LiCl(3x5mL)洗涤。最后,有机馏分用水(5mL)洗涤,干燥(Na2SO4),浓缩至干,然后通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化,用乙酸乙酯的己烷溶液洗脱,得到5-(9-甲基-9H-咔唑-2-基)-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸乙酯:ES/MS m/z:C24H31N4O3Si(M+H)计算值=451.22,实测值450.90。
步骤3
按照与由TBAF进行SEM脱保护一般程序类似的方式,然后进行酯水解,制备4-(9-甲基-9H-咔唑-2-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸:1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.21-8.09(m,2H),8.06(d,J=1.3Hz,1H),7.65(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.56-7.45(m,2H),7.23(ddd,J=7.9,6.6,1.6Hz,1H),3.92(s,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C16H11N4O2(M-H)计算值=291.09,实测值291.11。
实例155:4-(4-(6-(1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)哒嗪-3-基)苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
步骤1
以与制备中间体10的程序类似的方式,由中间体6和3,6-二溴哒嗪,制备5-(4-(6-溴哒嗪-3-基)苯基)-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸乙酯的异构混合物:ES/MS m/z:C21H27BrN5O3Si(M+H)计算值:504.11,实测值:504.14和504.18。
步骤2、步骤3和步骤4
由化合物28以与铃木反应的一般程序类似的方式,然后用HCl进行SEM脱保护,以及酯水解,制备4-(4-(6-(1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)哒嗪-3-基)苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸:1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.53(s,1H),8.43(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),8.28(d,J=8.9Hz,1H),8.24-8.15(m,2H),8.12-8.03(m,2H)。ES/MS m/z:C15H11N8O2(M+H)计算值:335.10,实测值:335.11。
实例156:4-(4-(5-(1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)吡嗪-2-基)苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
以与实例157中的程序类似的方式,由2,5-二溴吡嗪制备4-(4-(5-(1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)吡嗪-2-基)苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸:1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ9.30(s,1H),9.22(d,J=1.5Hz,1H),8.26(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),8.06(d,J=7.7Hz,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C15H11N8O2(M+H)计算值:335.10,实测值:335.10。
实例157:4-(3′-甲基-4′-(1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
步骤1
以与制备中间体10的程序类似的方式,由中间体6和1-溴-4-碘-2-甲基苯,制备5-(4-(6-溴哒嗪-3-基)苯基)-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸乙酯的异构体混合物:ES/MS m/z:C24H31BrN3O3Si(M+H)计算值:516.11,实测值:516.02。
步骤2、步骤3和步骤4
由化合物28以与铃木反应的一般程序类似的方式,然后用HCl进行SEM脱保护,以及酯水解,制备4-(3′-甲基-4′-(1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-IH-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸:1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.97(d,J=8.0Hz,3H),7.77(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),7.73-7.53(m,3H),2.54(s,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C18H15N6O2S(M+H)计算值:347.12,实测值:347.15。
实例158:4-(4′-氯-2-氰基-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
步骤1
将5-溴-2-碘苯甲腈(1000mg,3.25mmol)、(4-氯苯基)硼酸(559mg,3.57mmol)、三苯基膦(26mg,0.097mmol)、乙酸钯(36mg,0.162mmol)、磷酸钾(1347mg,9.74mmol)、甲苯(4mL)和水(2mL)合并到烧瓶中,用Ar吹扫5分钟。然后将反应加热至60℃持续70分钟。然后将反应混合物用水稀释,并用乙酸乙酯萃取,然后通过硅藻土/寅式盐过滤,然后减压浓缩至干。将粗反应混合物通过快速色谱法(0%至100%乙酸乙酯/己烷)纯化,得到4-溴-4′-氯-[1,1′-联苯]-2-甲腈:1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ7.89(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),7.77(dd,J=8.4,2.1Hz,1H),7.47(s,4H),7.36(d,J=8.4Hz,1H)。
步骤2
以与硼酸酯制备的代表性程序类似的方式,由4-溴-4′-氯-[1,1′-联苯]-2-甲腈制备4′-氯-4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼杂环戊烷-2-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-2-甲腈。
步骤3、步骤4和步骤5
用化合物4和4′-氯-4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼杂环戊烷-2-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-2-甲腈,按照与铃木反应的一般程序类似的方式,然后通过TBAF进行SEM脱保护,以及酯水解,制备4-(4′-氯-2-氰基-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸:1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.46(s,1H),8.30(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),7.72-7.59(m,3H),7.58-7.50(m,2H)。ES/MS m/z:C16H10ClN4O2(M+H)计算值=325.05;实测值325.03。
实例159:4-(4′-(1H-咪唑-1-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
步骤1
将三(亚苄基丙酮)二钯(20mg;0.0039mmol)、2-二叔丁基膦-3,4,5,6-四甲基-2′,4′,6′-三异丙基-1,1′-联苯(8mg;0.016mmol)和磷酸三钾(83mg,0.39mmol)加入到反应容器中,并用氮气吹扫顶部空间10分钟。分别地,将咪唑(16mg;0.23mmol)和5-(4′-溴-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸乙酯(98mg;0.2mmol)溶解在5∶1(v/v)甲苯-二氧六环(3.0mL)中,并用氮气吹扫10分钟。将咪唑溶液加入到反应容器中,并将反应加热至110℃直至反应完成。反应混合物用乙酸乙酯(10mL)稀释,并用饱和NH4Cl(3×5mL)洗涤。水层用乙酸乙酯(2×5mL)萃取,合并的有机馏分用水(2×5mL)洗涤。最后,将有机馏分干燥(Na2SO4),浓缩至干,然后通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化,用乙酸乙酯的己烷溶液洗脱,得到5-(4′-(1H-咪唑-1-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸乙酯:ES/MS m/z:C26H32N5O35i(M+H)计算值=490.23;实测值:430.39。
步骤2和步骤3
按照与由TBAF进行SEM脱保护的一般程序类似的方式,然后进行酯水解,制备4-(4′-(1H-咪唑-1-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸:1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ9.48(s,3H),8.145(t,1H)8.00(dd,J=12.2,8.5Hz,3H),7.83(dd,J=8.4,6.2Hz,4H)。ES/MS m/z:C18H14N5O2(M+H)计算值=332.11;实测值332.14。
实例160:4-((4-氯苯基)乙炔基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
步骤1
将5-溴-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸乙酯(114mg,0.033mmol)、碘化铜(I)(19mg,0.0098mmol)、1-氯-4-乙炔基苯(55mg,0.40mmol)、三乙胺(0.363mL,3mmol)和二氯双(三苯基膦)钯(II)(41mg;0.0065mmol)的混合物的乙腈(3mL)溶液用N2吹扫10分钟,并加热至60℃过夜。根据需要加入更多的碘化铜(I)和二氯双(三苯基膦)钯(II)以提高向所需产物的转化率。一旦判断LC/MS充分完成,用乙酸乙酯(10mL)稀释反应物并通过寅式盐过滤。将滤液用饱和NH4Cl(2x9mL)和NaHCO3(水溶液)洗涤。水层用乙酸乙酯(1×10mL)萃取。合并的有机物用水(1×10mL)洗涤,干燥(Na2SO4),浓缩,然后用硅胶柱色谱法纯化,用0%-100%乙酸乙酯的己烷溶液洗脱,得到5-((4-氯苯基)乙炔基)-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸乙酯:1H NMR(400MHz,乙腈-d3)δ7.64-7.56(m,1H),7.52-7.45(m,1H),5.98(d,J=9.7Hz,1H),5.72(s,0H),4.51-4.37(m,1H),3.75-3.58(m,1H),2.14(s,2H),2.11(d,J=1.2Hz,0H),1.45-1.34(m,2H),1.29(s,0H),0.97-0.83(m,1H)。ES/MS M/z C19H25ClN3O3Si(M+H)计算值=406.14;实测值406.86。
步骤2和步骤3
使用由TBAF进行SEM脱保护的一般程序,然后通过酯水解,制备4-((4-氯苯基)乙炔基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸:1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.57(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.43(d,J=8.4Hz,2H)。ES/MS m/z:C11H7ClN3O2(M+H)计算值=248.02;实测值:247.96。
实例161:4-(1-(氧杂环丁烷-3-基)哌啶-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
步骤1
在微波反应小瓶中,加入5-溴-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸乙酯(4,285mg,0.814mmol)的异构体混合物、4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼杂环戊烷-2-基)-3,6-二氢吡啶-1(2H)-羧酸叔丁酯(277mg,0.89mmol)、四(三苯基膦)钯(0)(94mg,0.081mmol)、2N碳酸钾(1022mL,2mmol)和1,4-二氧六环(4mL)。用氩气吹扫5分钟后,将所得混合物在110℃下搅拌2小时。冷却后,将反应混合物用饱和NaHCO3稀释,然后将产物用乙酸乙酯萃取,干燥(MgSO4),浓缩,并通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化,用乙酸乙酯的己烷溶液洗脱,得到4-(5-(乙氧基羰基)-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-3,6-二氢吡啶-1(2H)-羧酸叔丁酯:ES/MS m/z:C21H36N4O5Si(M+H)计算值:453.25,实测值:452.68。
步骤2
将4-(5-(乙氧基羰基)-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-3,6-二氢吡啶-1(2H)-羧酸叔丁酯(120mg,0.27mmol)在4N HCl在1,4-二氧六环(2mL)中的溶液在室温下搅拌过夜。反应混合物浓缩后,残余物通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化,用甲醇的乙酸乙酯溶液洗脱,得到不纯的4-(1,2,3,6-四氢吡啶-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸乙酯:ES/MS m/z:C10H15N4O2(M+H)计算值:223.11,实测值:223.01。
步骤3
将4-(1,2,3,6-四氢吡啶-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸乙酯(22mg,0.01mmol)和10%钯碳(20mg)混合物的乙醇(1mL)溶液在氢气气氛下搅拌2小时。过滤反应混合物,并浓缩滤液。残余物通过制备型HPLC纯化,得到4-(哌啶-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸乙酯:ES/MS m/z:C10H17N4O2(M+H)计算值:225.13,实测值:225.17。
步骤4
向4-(哌啶-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸乙酯(22mg,0.01mmol)和3-氧杂环丁酮(35mg,0.05mmol)的THF(1mL)悬浮溶液中加入三乙酰氧基硼氢化钠(104mg,0.05mmol),然后滴加乙酸。将反应混合物在室温搅拌过夜。反应混合物浓缩后,残余物通过制备型HPLC纯化,得到4-(1-(氧杂环丁烷-3-基)哌啶-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸乙酯:ES/MS m/z:C13H21N4O3(M+H)计算值:281.15,实测值:281.18。
步骤5:
以与酯水解的一般程序类似的方式,由4-(1-(氧杂环丁烷-3-基)哌啶-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸乙酯制备4-(1-(氧杂环丁烷-3-基)哌啶-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸:1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4):δ4.89(m,4H),4.17-4.01(m,1H),3.80(m,1H),3.72-3.42(m,3H),3.26-3.05(m,1H),2.37-2.02(m,4H)。ES/MS m/z:C11H17N4O3(M+H)计算值:253.12,实测值:253.13。
实例162:4-(4-(1-乙酰基-1,2,3,6-四氢吡啶-4-基)苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
步骤1
以与铃木反应的一般程序类似的方式,由中间体11和4-(4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼杂环戊烷-2-基)苯基)-3,6-二氢吡啶-1(2H)-羧酸叔丁酯,制备4-(4-(5-(乙氧基羰基)-2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)苯基)-3,6-二氢吡啶-1(2H)-羧酸叔丁酯的异构体混合物:ES/MS m/z:C29H35N4O5(M+H)计算值:519.26,实测值:518.98和518.96。
步骤2
向含有4-(4-(5-(乙氧基羰基)-2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)苯基)-3,6-二氢吡啶-1(2H)-羧酸叔丁酯的异构体混合物(128mg,0.25mmol)的烧瓶中加入4N HCl的1,4-二氧六环溶液(3mL),将所得混合物在室温搅拌15分钟。将溶液完全浓缩后,在0℃下,向残留物和吡啶(0.05mL,0.62mmol)的二氯甲烷(3mL)溶液加入乙酸酐(0.05mL,0.53mmol)。在0℃下30分钟和在室温下30分钟后,将反应混合物用乙酸乙酯(~25mL)稀释,并用饱和氯化铵水溶液(x1)、饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液(x1)和盐水(x1)洗涤。含水馏分用乙酸乙酯(~20mL×1)萃取后,合并有机馏分,干燥(MgSO4),并浓缩。残余物通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化,用50%-100%乙酸乙酯的己烷溶液洗脱,然后用0%-20%甲醇的乙酸乙酯溶液洗脱,得到5-(4-(1-乙酰基-1,2,3,6-四氢吡啶-4-基)苯基)-2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸乙酯的异构体混合物:ES/MS m/z:C26H29N4O4(M+H)计算值:461.22,实测值:460.94和461.17。
步骤3和步骤4
以与PMB脱保护的一般程序类似的方式,然后进行酯水解,制备4-(4-(1-乙酰基-1,2,3,6-四氢吡啶-4-基)苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸:1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.82(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),7.54(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),6.24(s,1H),4.23(dq,J=5.8,2.6Hz,2H),3.81(t,J=5.8Hz,0.83H),3.76(t,J=5.7Hz,1.17H),2.66(d,J=6.6Hz,1.17H),2.59(s,0.83H),2.18(s,1.755H),2.15(s,1.245H)。ES/MS m/z:C16H17N4O3(M+H)计算值:313.13,实测值:313.10。
实例163:4-(4-(1-乙酰基哌啶-4-基)苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
步骤1
向含有4-(4-(1-乙酰基-1,2,3,6-四氢吡啶-4-基)苯基)-1-(4-甲氧基苄基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸乙酯(实例164步骤2的产物,55mg,0.12mmol)的异构体混合物的烧瓶中,加入20%的氢氧化钯碳(6.6mg)和乙醇(4mL),并将所得混合物在H2气氛下在室温下搅拌3.5小时。在通过寅式盐垫过滤之前,用甲醇和二氯甲烷稀释反应混合物。寅式盐垫用乙醇洗涤后,滤液完全浓缩,与甲苯(x1)共蒸发,得到5-(4-(1-乙酰基哌啶-4-基)苯基)-2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸乙酯的粗异构体混合物:ES/MS m/z:C26H31N4O4(M+H)计算值:463.23,实测值:463.04和463.06。
步骤2和步骤3
以与PMB脱保护的一般程序类似的方式,然后酯水解,制备4-(4-(1-乙酰基哌啶-4-基)苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸:1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.80-7.70(m,2H),7.41-7.30(m,2H),4.68(ddt,J=13.2,4.4,2.2Hz,1H),4.15-3.95(m,IH),3.25(dt,J=13.0,2.9Hz,1H),2.89(tt,J=12.1,3.6Hz,1H),2.73(td,J=13.0,2.7Hz,1H),2.14(s,3H),1.92(ddt,J=17.2,14.8,2.9Hz,2H),1.73和1.62(两个qd,J=12.5,4.1Hz,2H)。ES/MS m/z:C16H19N4O3(M+H)计算值:315.15,实测值:315.14。
实例164:4-(4′-(吡嗪-2-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
步骤1
将吡嗪(200mg;2mmol)、4-溴-苯基硼酸(552mg;3mmol)、三氟乙酸(0.191mL;2mmol)、四丁基溴化铵(40mg;0.125mmol)、过硫酸钾(2.0g;7mmol)和乙酰丙酮铁(iii)(440mg,1mmol)的混合物的CH2Cl2(10mL)和水(10mL)溶液在环境温度下搅拌过夜。用CH2Cl2(10ml)和水(10ml)稀释反应混合物,并添加固体碳酸钾,直到pH>8。分离两层后,用二氯甲烷(2×10ml)萃取含水馏分,将合并的有机馏分干燥(Na2SO4),浓缩,并通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化,用0%-100%乙酸乙酯的己烷溶液洗脱,得到2-(4-溴苯基)吡嗪:1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ9.01(d,J=1.5Hz,1H),8.63(dd,J=2.5,1.5Hz,1H),8.53(d,J=2.5Hz,1H),7.94-7.86(m,2H),7.69-7.61(m,2H)。ES/MS m/z C10H8BrN2(M+H)计算值=234.99;实测值235.05。
步骤2、步骤3和步骤4
用中间体6使用铃木反应的代表性程序、由HCl进行的SEM脱保护、以及酯水解,由2-(4-溴苯基)吡嗪合成4-(4′-(吡嗪-2-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ13.21(s,1H),9.32(d,J=1.6Hz,1H),8.73(dd,J=2.5,1.5Hz,1H),8.62(d,J=2.5Hz,1H),8.30-8.23(m,2H),7.96-7.86(m,6H)。ES/MS m/z:C19H14N5O2(M+H)计算值=344.11;实测值344.04。
实例165:4-(4′-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
步骤1
以与铃木反应的一般程序类似的方式,由4-溴苯甲酰胺和中间体6制备5-(4′-氨基甲酰基-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸乙酯的异构体混合物:ES/MS m/z:C24H30N4O4Si(M+H)计算值=467.2;实测值467.16。
步骤2
向5-(4′-氨基甲酰基-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸乙酯(117mg;0.25mmol)的THF(1mL)溶液中加入叔丁氧基双(二甲基氨基)甲烷(Bredereck试剂;62μL;0.30mmol)。然后将混合物加热至60℃直至起始材料耗尽,出现(E)-5-(4′-(((二甲基氨基)亚甲基)氨基甲酰基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸乙酯。来自该反应的材料直接用于步骤3:ES/MS m/z:C27H35N5O4Si(M+H)计算值=522.25;实测值522.11。
步骤3
向来自步骤2的反应混合物中加入肼(39μL;1mmol)和乙酸(109μL;2.0mmol),并加热至60℃。一旦由LC/MS完成,用乙酸乙酯(10mL)稀释反应混合物,并用饱和NaHCO3(2×5mL)洗涤。在用乙酸乙酯(2x10mL)萃取含水馏分后,合并有机馏分,用1N HCl(5mL)和水(5mL)洗涤,干燥(Na2SO4),并浓缩至干。粗产物,5-(4′-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸乙酯,未经进一步纯化直接用于步骤4:1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ8.36(s,1H),8.18(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.94(dd,J=26.9,8.1Hz,1H),7.70(ddd,J=21.3,12.8,7.8Hz,3H),7.58(t,J=7.2Hz,0H),7.53-7.45(m,0H),6.05(s,0H),5.77(s,1H),4.50-4.36(m,1H),4.12(q,J=7.1Hz,2H),3.81-3.72(m,1H),3.70-3.61(m,0H),2.11(s,1H),2.04(s,3H),1.45-1.31(m,2H),1.25Hz(t,J=7.1Hz,4H),0.95(dt,J=15.9,8.3Hz,1H)。ES/MS m/z:C25H30N6O3Si(M+H)计算值=491.21;实测值491.25。
步骤4和5
按照与HCl进行SEM脱保护的一般程序类似的方式,然后进行酯水解,制备4-(4′-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸:1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.49(s,1H),8.15-8.08(m,2H),7.96-7.81(m,6H)。ES/MS m/z C17H13N6O2(M+H)计算值333.10;实测值333.11。
实例166:4-(7-溴-9H-芴-2-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
步骤1
以与使用双(频哪醇合)二硼(27)由芳香族溴化物合成硼酸酯的代表性程序类似的方式,制备7-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼杂环戊烷-2-基)-9H-芴-2-胺:
步骤2
以与铃木反应的一般程序类似的方式,由中间体4和7-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼杂环戊烷-2-基)-9H-芴-2-胺制备5-(7-氨基-9H-芴-2-基)-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸乙酯的异构体混合物:ES/MS m/z:C24H31N4O3Si(M+H)计算值:451.22,实测值:451.33。
步骤3
在0℃下,向5-(7-氨基-9H-芴-2-基)-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸乙酯(1.00g,2.22mmol)的乙腈(12mL)溶液中加入亚硝酸叔丁酯(0.32mL,2.69mmol)和溴化铜(595mg,2.66mmol)。45分钟后,用1M Na2S2O3溶液猝灭反应混合物,并用乙酸乙酯萃取产物。干燥(MgSO4)萃取液,浓缩,并通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化,用0%-100%乙酸乙酯的己烷溶液洗脱,得到所需的5-(7-溴-9H-芴-2-基)-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸乙酯和脱氨基副产物的混合物。混合物未经进一步纯化用于下一反应。
步骤4和5
以与由HCl进行SEM脱保护的一般程序类似的方式,以及酯水解,制备4-(7-溴-9H-芴-2-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸:1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.03(s,1H),7.94-7.82(m,2H),7.81-7.71(m,2H),7.54(dd,J=8.1,1.8Hz,1H),3.98(s,2H)。ES/MS m/z:C16H11BrClN3O2(M+H)计算值:355.92,实测值:356.00。
实例167:4-(7-氯-9H-芴-2-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
以与实例168步骤3的程序类似的方式,使用氯化铜(II)代替溴化铜(II),随后通过HCl进行SEM脱保护的一般程序和酯水解,制备4-(7-氯-9H-芴-2-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸(56):1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.03(s,1H),7.94-7.81(m,3H),7.60(s,1H),7.39(dd,J=8.1,1.9Hz,1H),3.99(s,2H)。ES/MS m/z:C16H11ClN3O2(M+H)计算值:312.05,实测值:311.93。
实例168:4-(7-(1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-9H-芴-2-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
步骤1
以与使用双(频哪醇合)二硼(27)由芳香族溴化物合成硼酸酯的代表性程序类似的方式,制备5-(7-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼杂环戊烷-2-基)-9H-芴-2-基)-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸乙酯。
步骤2、步骤3和步骤4
由5-(7-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼杂环戊烷-2-基)-9H-芴-2-基)-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸乙酯和硼酸酯28,以与铃木反应的一般程序类似的方式,然后通过HCl进行SEM脱保护、以及酯水解,制备4-(7-(1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-9H-芴-2-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸:1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ7.80-7.70(m,2H),7.41-7.30(m,2H),4.68(ddt,J=13.2,4.4,2.2Hz,1H),4.15-3.95(m,1H),3.25(dt,J=13.0,2.9Hz,1H),2.89(tt,J=12.1,3.6Hz,1H),2.73(td,J=13.0,2.7Hz,1H),2.14(s,3H),1.92(ddt,J=17.2,14.8,2.9Hz,2H),1.73和1.62(两个qd,J=12.5,4.1Hz,2H)。ES/MS m/z:C18H13N6O2(M+H)计算值:345.10,实测值:345.11。
实例169:4-(9,9-二氟-7-(1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-9H-芴-2-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
步骤1
以与铃木反应的一般程序类似的方式,由2-溴-9,9-二氟-7-碘-9H-芴和硼酸酯28制备4-(7-溴-9,9-二氟-9H-芴-2-基)-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑:ES/MS m/z:C21H23BrF2N3OSi(M+H)计算值:478.08,实测值:477.76。
步骤2
以与使用双(频哪醇合)二硼(27)由芳香族溴化物合成硼酸酯的代表性程序类似的方式,由4-(7-溴-9,9-二氟-9H-芴-2-基)-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑,制备4-(9,9-二氟-7-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼杂环戊烷-2-基)-9H-芴-2-基)-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑:ES/MS m/z:C27H35BF2N3O3Si(M+H)计算值:526.25,实测值:525.96。
步骤5、步骤6和步骤7
以类似于铃木反应的一般程序,使用中间体4和4-(9,9-二氟-7-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼杂环戊烷-2-基)-9H-芴-2-基)-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑,然后通过HCl进行SEM脱保护,以及酯水解,制备4-(9,9-二氟-7-(1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-9H-芴-2-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸:1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.45-8.01(m,1H),8.19(s,1H),8.15(s,1H),8.13-8.01(m,2H),7.85(t,J=7.0Hz,2H)。ES/MS m/z:C18H11F2N6O2(M+H)计算值:381.09,实测值:381.06。
实例170:4-(9,9-二氟-7-(1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-9H-芴-2-基)-1H-吡唑-5-羧酸
以类似于铃木反应的一般方法,由中间体15和4-(9,9-二氟-7-(1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-9H-芴-2-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸,然后通过HCl进行SEM脱保护、以及酯水解,制备4-(9,9-二氟-7-(1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-9H-芴-2-基)-1H-吡唑-5-羧酸:1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.27(s,1H),8.11(d,J=1.7Hz,1H),8.03(dd,J=7.9,1.5Hz,1H),7.89(s,1H),7.88-7.84(m,1H),7.79(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.77-7.70(m,2H)。ES/MS m/z:C19H12F2N5O2(M+H)计算值:380.10,实测值:380.11。
实例171:4-(7-(1,5-二甲基-1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-9,9-二氟-9H-芴-2-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
步骤1
将2,7-二溴-9,9-二氟-9H-芴(2000mg,5.56mmol)、双(频哪醇合)二硼(5646mg,22.2mmol)、1,1′-双(二苯基膦)二茂铁二氯化钯(II)二氯甲烷(679mg,0.83mmol)和乙酸钾(2903mg,29.6mmol)在1,4-二氧六环(50mL)中的混合物用氩气吹扫15分钟,然后在80℃下搅拌16小时。将反应混合物完全浓缩,将残余物溶解在乙酸乙酯(~300mL)中,并用水洗涤(~250mL×2)。用乙酸乙酯(~100mL×1)萃取含水馏分之后,合并有机馏分,干燥(Na2SO4),并浓缩。通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化残余物,用0%-20%乙酸乙酯的己烷溶液洗脱,得到2,2′-(9,9-二氟-9H-芴-2,7-二基)双(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼杂环戊烷):1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ8.08(dt,J=2.0,0.9Hz,2H),7.95-7.89(m,2H),7.60(dd,J=7.5,0.9Hz,2H),1.36(s,24H),无质量。
步骤2
以与铃木反应的一般程序类似的方式,由中间体4和2,2′-(9,9-二氟-9H-芴-2,7-二基)双(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼杂环戊烷),制备5-(9,9-二氟-7-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼杂环戊烷-2-基)-9H-芴-2-基)-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸乙酯的异构体混合物:ES/MS m/z:C30H39BF2N3O5Si(M+H)计算值:598.27,实测值:597.81和597.67。
步骤3、步骤4和步骤5
使用4-溴-1,5-二甲基-1H-1,2,3-三唑和5-(9,9-二氟-7-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼杂环戊烷-2-基)-9H-芴-2-基)-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸乙酯的异构体混合物,以与铃木反应的一般程序类似的方式,接着通过HCl进行SEM脱保护,以及酯水解,制备4-(7-(1,5-二甲基-1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-9,9-二氟-9H-芴-2-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸:1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.20(s,1H),8.11(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.94(s,1H),7.88(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.85(d,J=8.6Hz,2H),4.06(s,3H),2.54(s,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C20H15F2N6O2(M+H)计算值:409.12,实测值:409.14。
实例172:4-(9,9-二氟-7-(2-甲基-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-9H-芴-2-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
使用4-溴-2-甲基-2H-1,2,3-三唑和5-(9,9-二氟-7-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼杂环戊烷-2-基)-9H-芴-2-基)-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸乙酯的异构体混合物,以与铃木反应的一般程序类似的方式,接着通过HCl进行SEM脱保护,以及酯水解,制备4-(9,9-二氟-7-(2-甲基-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-9H-芴-2-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸:1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.19(s,1H),8.11(s,3H),8.03(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.83(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),4.24(s,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C19H13F2N6O2(M+H)计算值:395.11,实测值:395.03。
实例173:4-(6-氯-9H-芴-2-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
步骤1
用氩气吹扫1-溴-4-碘苯(1.00g,3.5mmol)、4-氯苯甲腈(973mg,7.1mmol)、双(乙腈)氯化钯(II)(92mg,0.35mmol)和氧化银(I)(901mg,3.9mmol)的混合物的三氟乙酸(35mL)和二甲基乙酰胺(1.75mL)溶液。15分钟后,在氩气吹扫的同时将水(64μL)缓慢滴加到混合物中。1分钟后,保持烧瓶紧密,加热至140℃保持90小时。在冷却后,用二氯甲烷稀释反应混合物,通过寅式盐垫过滤,并浓缩所得滤液。将残余物溶于二氯甲烷和HCl水溶液中,再次通过寅式盐垫滤出不溶物,分离两层滤液。将有机馏分干燥(MgSO4),浓缩,并通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化,用0%-100%乙酸乙酯的己烷溶液洗脱,得到2-溴-6-氯-9H-芴-9-酮。
步骤2
在-78℃下,向2-溴-6-氯-9H-芴-9-酮(33mg,0.11mmol)的四氢呋喃(1mL)溶液中加入1M三乙基硼氢化锂(0.34mL)。25分钟后,用饱和NH4Cl水溶液猝灭反应混合物。产物用乙酸乙酯(x4)萃取后,合并有机萃取液,用盐水洗涤(x1),干燥(MgSO4),并浓缩,得到粗2-溴-6-氯-9H-芴-9-醇,用于下一步。
步骤3
向粗2-溴-6-氯-9H-芴-9-醇中加入三乙基硅烷(0.3mL)和三氟乙酸(0.3mL),将所得混合物在室温搅拌1.7小时。浓缩后,残余物通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化,用0%-100%乙酸乙酯的己烷溶液洗脱,得到2-溴-6-氯-9H-芴。
步骤4
将2-溴-6-氯-9H-芴(27mg,0.095mmol)、双(频哪醇合)二硼(29mg,0.11mmol)、[1,1′-(双二苯基膦)二茂铁]二氯化钯(II)(7.8mg,9.5μmol)和乙酸钾(28mg,0.29mmol)的混合物的二氧六环(1.5mL)溶液置于微波反应瓶中,并用氩气吹扫。将得到的混合物在95℃搅拌2.25小时并冷却后,将混合物用水稀释,并将产物用乙酸乙酯(x4)萃取。将合并的有机萃取液干燥(MgSO4),并浓缩,通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化,用0%-100%乙酸乙酯的己烷溶液洗脱,得到2-(6-氯-9H-芴-2-基)-4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼杂环戊烷。
步骤5、步骤6和步骤7
以与铃木反应的一般程序类似的方式,使用中间体4和2-(6-氯-9H-芴-2-基)-4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼杂环戊烷,然后通过HCl进行SEM脱保护,以及酯水解,制备4-(6-氯-9-氧代-9H-芴-2-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸:1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.05(s,1H),7.94(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.92-7.84(m,2H),7.57(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.33(dd,J=8.0,2.0Hz,1H),3.98(s,2H)。ES/MS m/z:C16H11ClN3O2(M+H)计算值:312.05,实测值:311.96。
实例174:4-(2-(哌啶-4-基)-4′-(1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸
步骤1
将20mL微波反应小瓶中的4-溴-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑(28,403mg,1.45mmol)、1,4-双(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼杂环戊烷-2-基)苯(5,1.93g,5.84mmol)和四(三苯基膦)钯(0)(168mg,0.15mmol)的混合物的2M碳酸钾(2.9mL)和1,4-二氧六环(15mL)溶液用Ar吹扫10分钟,然后在110℃的浴中搅拌1.25小时。将反应混合物溶解在乙酸乙酯(~100mL)中,并用~50%饱和NaHCO3(x1)和水(x1)洗涤。用乙酸乙酯(~50mL×1)萃取含水馏分之后,合并有机馏分,干燥(MgSO4),并浓缩。残余物通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化,用0%-100%乙酸乙酯的己烷溶液洗脱。通过硅胶柱色谱法将部分纯化的产物进一步纯化,用0%-20%乙酸乙酯的己烷溶液洗脱,得到4-(4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼杂环戊烷-2-基)苯基)-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑:ES/MS m/z:C20H33BN3O3Si(M+H)计算值:402.24,实测值:401.96。
步骤2
将5-溴-2-碘苯甲醛(3.11g,10.00mmol)、丙二酸二乙酯(6.45g,40.27mmol)和碳酸钾(5.57g,40.30mmol)的混合物的DMF(20mL)溶液在85℃的浴中搅拌18小时。冷却反应混合物并用水(100mL)稀释后,用乙酸乙酯(100mL×4)萃取产物。萃取物用水(100mL×1)洗涤后,将合并的萃取物干燥(Na2SO4)并浓缩。
残渣用浓盐酸(25mL)处理后,将混合物回流36小时。所得混合物在冰箱中冷却后,过滤不溶物,并用水洗涤。将固体溶于乙酸乙酯(~100mL),干燥(MgSO4),并浓缩,得到粗3-(5-溴-2-碘苯基)戊二酸:ES/MS m/z:C11H11BrIO4(M+H)计算值:412.89,实测值:412.58。
步骤3
将上述粗3-(5-溴-2-碘苯基)戊二酸的混合物的乙酸酐(~10mL)溶液在155℃浴中回流3小时。浓缩所得溶液后,将剩余的浆状物与甲苯(x2)共蒸发,并真空干燥。将残余物溶解在THF(50mL)中,并在室温下搅拌,大约每隔15分钟添加三次28%的NH3水溶液(每次0.65mL)。将所得混合物在室温下搅拌7小时。将所得悬浮液完全浓缩,与甲苯(x2)共蒸发,并干燥。残余物与乙酸酐(15mL)在155℃浴中回流4小时,并冷却。浓缩溶液,并通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化残余物,用0%-60%乙酸乙酯的己烷溶液洗脱,得到4-(5-溴-2-碘苯基)哌啶-2,6-二酮:1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.98(s,1H),7.82(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.55(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),7.25(dd,J=8.4,2.4Hz,1H),3.52(tt,J=12.0,4.1Hz,1H),2.90-2.78(m,2H),2.63(dd,J=16.7,4.1Hz,2H)。
步骤4
在0℃下搅拌4-(5-溴-2-碘苯基)哌啶-2,6-二酮(1.60g,4.06mmol)的THF(5mL)溶液,同时逐滴添加1.0M硼烷四氢呋喃络合物的THF(10.2mL)溶液。在将所得混合物回流20小时后,向混合物中添加c.HCl(16mL),并将所得溶液在105℃浴中回流4.5小时。在冰浴中搅拌溶液,同时加入NaOH(固体)以中和混合物。用NaHCO3稀释得到的碱性溶液,用乙酸乙酯(~60mL×2)萃取产物。萃取物用盐水洗涤(x1),合并,干燥(Na2SO4),并浓缩,得到4-(5-溴-2-碘苯基)哌啶,为油状物。
在0℃下,在加入Boc2O(1078mg,4.939mmol)和三乙胺(0.8mL,5.740mmol)的同时,搅拌粗4-(5-溴-2-碘苯基)哌啶的甲醇溶液(~25mL)。在0℃下2小时和室温下过夜后。将反应混合物浓缩,将残余物溶于乙酸乙酯,然后用水(x2)洗涤。将得到的有机馏分干燥(MgSO4),浓缩,并通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化,用0%-10%EA的己烷溶液洗脱,得到4-(5-溴-2-碘苯基)哌啶-1-羧酸叔丁酯:1H NMR(400MHz,氯仿-d)δ7.68(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.27(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),7.05(dd,J=8.4,2.4Hz,1H),4.27(s,2H),2.94-2.85(tt,J=3.4,12.9Hz,1H),2.82(s,2H),1.84(d,J=12.9Hz,2H),1.51(dd,J=3.8,12.9Hz,2H),1.48(s,9H)。
步骤5
将4-(5-溴-2-碘苯基)哌啶-1-羧酸叔丁酯(250mg,0.63mmol)、4-(4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼杂环戊烷-2-基)苯基)-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑(273mg,0.68mmol)、四(三苯基膦)钯(0)(75mg,0.06mmol)和2N碳酸钾(0.6mL)的混合物的二氧六环(6mL)溶液用Ar气吹扫10分钟,并在110℃浴中搅拌1.5小时。冷却后,将混合物用乙酸乙酯稀释,干燥(MgSO4),浓缩,并通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化,用0%-50%乙酸乙酯的己烷溶液洗脱,得到4-(4-溴-4′-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-2-基)哌啶-1-羧酸叔丁酯:ES/MS m/z:C30H41BrN4NaO3Si(M+Na)计算值:635.20,实测值:635.14。
步骤6
将微波反应瓶中的4-(4-溴-4′-2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-2-基)哌啶-1-羧酸叔丁酯(201mg,0.33mmol)、双(频哪醇合)二硼(27,27mg,0.66mmol)、1,1′-双(二苯基膦)二茂铁二氯化钯(II)二氯甲烷(116mg,0.03mmol)和乙酸钾(102mg,1.04mmol)在1,4-二氧六环(3mL)中的混合物用Ar气吹扫15分钟,然后将混合物在120℃下加热1.5小时。冷却后,反应混合物用乙酸乙酯稀释,干燥(MgSO4),并浓缩。残余物通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化,用0%-35%乙酸乙酯的己烷溶液洗脱,得到4-(4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼杂环戊烷-2-基)-4′-(2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-2-基)哌啶-1-羧酸叔丁酯:ES/MSm/z:C36H53BN4NaO5Si(M+Na)计算值:683.38,实测值:683.35。
步骤7、步骤8和步骤9
使用中间体4和4-(4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼杂环戊烷-2-基)-4′-(2-((2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基)甲基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-2-基)哌啶-1-羧酸叔丁酯,以与铃木反应的一般程序类似的方式,接着由HCl进行SEM脱保护,以及酯水解,制备4-(2-(哌啶-4-基)-4′-(1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-[1,1′-联苯]-4-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸;1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.23(s,1H),7.99(d,J=1.8Hz,1H),7.98-7.91(m,2H),7.78(dd,J=8.0,1.7Hz,1H),7.49-7.41(m,2H),7.36(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),3.41(dd,J=12.8,3.2Hz,2H),3.21-3.03(m,1H),2.93(ddd,J=16.6,8.6,5.2Hz,2H),2.03(tt,J=8.6,3.4Hz,4H)。ES/MS m/z:C22H22N7O2(M+H)计算值:416.18,实测值:416.14。
实例175:4-(7-(1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-9H-芴-2-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸乙酯
步骤1、步骤2、步骤3和步骤4
以与本文描述的方法相似的方式,使用中间体11和2,7-二溴-9H-芴,随后以与PMB脱保护的一般程序类似的方式,制备4-(7-(1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-9H-芴-2-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸乙酯:1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.39(s,1H),8.14(s,1H),8.07-8.02(m,3H),7.95(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.82(m,1H),4.32(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),4.08(s,2H),1.28(t,J=7.0Hz,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C20H17N6O2(M+H)计算值:373.14,实测值:373.30。
实例176:4-(7-(1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-9H-芴-2-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸2-吗啉代乙酯
步骤1
在室温和氩气下,向搅拌着的2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-5-(7-(2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-9H-芴-2-基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸乙酯(18g,29.4mmol)的MeOH(36mL)、THF(108mL)和水(36mL)的溶液中,加入氢氧化锂一水合物(3.7g,88.18mmol)。将反应混合物加热至60℃并搅拌5小时。将反应混合物减压浓缩得到粗产物,用水稀释,用1NHCl溶液酸化,并搅拌10分钟。过滤沉淀的固体,用水洗涤固体,并真空干燥,得到2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-5-(7-(2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-9H-芴-2-基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸:ES/MS m/z:C34H29N6O4(M+H)计算值:585.23,实测值:585.41。
步骤2
在室温和氩气下,向搅拌着的2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-5-(7-(2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-9H-芴-2-基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸(3.0g,5.14mmol)的DMF(30mL)溶液中加入碳酸钾(1.41g,10.3mmol),然后加入4-(2-氯乙基)吗啉(1.53g,10.3mmol)。将混合物加热至50℃并搅拌6小时。将反应混合物用乙酸乙酯稀释,并用水洗涤。将有机层干燥(Na2SO4),并减压浓缩。残余物通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化,用80%-100%乙酸乙酯的石油醚溶液洗脱,得到2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-5-(7-(2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-9H-芴-2-基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸2-吗啉代乙酯:ES/MS m/z:C40H40N7O5(M+H)计算值:683.31,实测值:698.52。
步骤3
将2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-5-(7-(2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-9H-芴-2-基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸2-吗啉代乙酯(3.0g,4.3mmol)的TFA(30mL)溶液混合物在80℃下加热16小时。然后减压浓缩反应混合物,用饱和NaHCO3溶液中和粗残留物;用乙酸乙酯萃取产物。将有机层干燥(Na2SO4),并减压浓缩。通过制备型HPLC(中性方法)纯化粗化合物,将纯馏分冻干,得到4-(7-(1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-9H-芴-2-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸2-吗啉代乙酯:1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.41(s,1H),8.14(s,1H),8.05(t,J=8.4Hz,2H),8.00(s,1H),7.95(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.81(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),4.38(t,J=5.6Hz,2H),4.08(s,2H),3.49(t,J=4.6Hz,4H),2.61(t,J=5.6Hz,2H),2.49-2.33(m,4H)。ES/MS m/z:C24H24N7O3(M+H)计算值:458.19,实测值:458.32。
实例177:4-(7-(1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-9H-芴-2-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸3-吗啉代丙酯
步骤1和步骤2
以与实例175步骤2和步骤3的程序类似的方法,使用4-(3-氯丙基)吗啉和2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-5-(7-(2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-9H-芴-2-基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸,接着以与PMB脱保护的一般程序类似的方法,制备4-(7-(1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-9H-芴-2-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸3-吗啉代丙酯:1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ15.18(s,1H),8.42(s,1H),8.14(s,1H),8.04(m,2H),7.98(s,1H),7.95(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.77(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),4.27(t,J=6.2Hz,2H),4.08(s,2H),3.42(t,J=4.4Hz,4H),2.22-2.18(m,6H),1.77(qn,J=6.7Hz,2H)。ES/MS m/z:C25H26N7O3(M+H)计算值:472.21,实测值:472.50。
实例178:4-(7-(1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-9H-芴-2-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸2-((L-缬氨酰)氧基)乙酯
步骤1
在室温和氩气下,向搅拌着的5-溴-2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸乙酯(11,5.0g,14.74mmol)的MeOH(10mL)、THF(30mL)和水(10mL)的溶液中,加入氢氧化锂一水合物(1.85g,44.24mmol)。将反应混合物在室温搅拌5小时后,将反应混合物减压浓缩。将残余物用水稀释并用1N HCl溶液酸化,然后搅拌10分钟。过滤沉淀的固体,用水洗涤,并真空干燥,得到5-溴-2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸(178-a):ES/MS m/z:C11H10BrN3NaO3(M+H)计算值:333.98,实测值:334.10。
步骤2
在0℃和氩气下,向搅拌着的Boc-L-缬氨酸(3.0g,13.82mmol)、乙烷-1,2-二醇(1.11g,17.96mmol)的二氯甲烷(45mL)溶液中加入4-二甲基氨基吡啶(0.33g,2.76mmol),随后加入二环己基碳二亚胺(3.69g,17.96mmol)的二氯甲烷(15mL)溶液。将所得混合物在室温下搅拌16小时。将反应混合物减压浓缩,并将所得粗残余物通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化,用0%-30%乙酸乙酯的石油醚溶液洗脱,得到(叔丁氧基羰基)-L-缬氨酸2-羟乙酯(178-b):1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ7.11(d,2ZH),4.77(t,J=5.4Hz,1H),4.06(m,2H),3.87(dd,J=7.8和6.0Hz,1H),3.56(appt q,J=5.2Hz,2H),2.50(m,1H),2.01(m,1H),1.39(s,9H),0.87(d,J=6.6Hz,6H)。
步骤3
在0℃和氩气下,向搅拌着的5-溴-2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸(178-a,2.55g,8.17mmol)、(叔丁氧基羰基)-L-缬氨酸2-羟乙酯(178-b,2.77g,10.62mmol)的二氯甲烷(37.5mL)溶液中加入4-二甲基氨基吡啶(0.2g,1.63mmol),接着加入二环己基碳二亚胺(2.18g,10.62mmol)的二氯甲烷(12.5mL)溶液。将混合物在室温搅拌16小时。反应混合物减压浓缩后,残余物通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化,用0%-60%乙酸乙酯的石油醚溶液洗脱,得到5-溴-2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸2-(((叔丁氧基羰基)-L-缬氨酰)氧基)乙酯:ES/MS m/z:C23H32BrN4O7(M+H)计算值:555.15,实测值:555.34。
步骤4
以与铃木反应的一般程序类似的方式,使用2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-4-(7-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼杂环戊烷-2-基)-9H-芴-2-基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑和5-溴-2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸2-(((叔丁氧基羰基)-L-缬氨酰)氧基)乙酯,制备2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-5-(7-(2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-9H-芴-2-基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸2-(((叔丁氧基羰基)-L-缬氨酰)氧基)乙基:ES/MS m/z:C46H49N7NaO8(M+Na)计算值:850.35,实测值:850.86。
步骤5
将2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-5-(7-(2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-9H-芴-2-基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸2-(((叔丁氧基羰基)-L-缬氨酰)氧基)乙基(4.5g,5.44mmol)的三氟乙酸(45mL)溶液混合物在70℃下搅拌48小时。反应混合物在减压下浓缩后,残余物通过制备型HPLC纯化,将合并的纯馏分冻干,得到4-(7-(1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-9H-芴-2-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸2-((L-缬氨酰)氧基)乙酯:1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.42(s,1H),8.28(s,3H),8.14(s,1H),8.07-8.03(m,3H),7.96(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.83(d,J=6.0Hz,1H),4.56(m,1H),4.55(m,2H),4.43(m,1H),4.08(s,2H),3.92(m,1H),2.05(h,J=6.8Hz,1H),0.86(d,J=6.8Hz,3H),0.83(d,J=6.8Hz,3H)。ES/MS m/z:C25H26N7O4(M+H)计算值:488.20,实测值:488.39。
实例179:4-(7-(1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-9H-芴-2-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸2-(膦酰氧基)乙酯
步骤1
在0℃在氩气下,向搅拌着的磷酸氢二苄酯(117,20g,71.94mmol)、2-((叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基)乙-1-醇(15.22g,86.33mmol)的THF(200mL)溶液中加入三苯基膦(28.27g,107.91mmol),随后加入氮杂二羧酸二乙酯(18.83g,107.91mmol)。将所得混合物在室温下搅拌5小时。反应混合物减压浓缩后,残余物通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化,用0%-10%乙酸乙酯的石油醚溶液洗脱,得到(2-((叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基)乙基)磷酸二苄酯:ES/MS m/z:C22H34O5PSi(M+H)计算值:437.19,实测值:437.34。
步骤2
在室温和氩气下,向搅拌着的(2-((叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基)乙基)磷酸二苄酯(23g,52.75mmol)的MeOH(230mL)溶液中加入Dowex-50W。将混合物搅拌16小时。过滤反应混合物,并将滤液减压浓缩,得到粗化合物。通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化粗化合物,用0%-2%MeOH的二氯甲烷溶液洗脱,得到(2-羟乙基)磷酸二苄酯:ES/MS m/z:C16H20O5P(M+H)计算值:323.10,实测值:323.24。
步骤3
在0℃在氩气下,向搅拌着的(2-羟乙基)磷酸二苄酯(5g,15.52mmol)的二氯甲烷(50mL)溶液中加入NEt3(3.23mL,23.28mmol),随后加入MsCl(2.13g,18.63mmol)。在室温搅拌混合物5小时后,用二氯甲烷稀释反应混合物,并用水洗涤。将有机层干燥(Na2SO4),并减压浓缩,得到粗甲磺酸2-((双(苄氧基)磷酰基)氧基)乙酯,其未经任何进一步纯化直接用于下一步骤:ES/MS m/z:C17H22O7PS(M+H)计算值:401.08,实测值:401.27。
步骤4
在0℃在氩气下,向搅拌着的2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-5-(7-(2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-9H-芴-2-基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸(4g,6.84mmol)和碳酸钾(1.41g,10.26mmol)的DMF(40mL)溶液混合物中加入甲磺酸2-((双(苄氧基)磷酰基)氧基)乙酯(3.28g,8.21mmol)。在50℃下搅拌混合物14小时后,用冰水稀释反应混合物,并用乙酸乙酯萃取产物。将有机萃取物干燥(Na2SO4),并减压浓缩。粗残余物通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化,用0%-60%乙酸乙酯的石油醚溶液洗脱,得到2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-5-(7-(2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-9H-芴-2-基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸2-((双(苄氧基)磷酰基)氧基)乙基:ES/MS m/z:C50H46N6O8P(M+H)计算值:889.31,实测值:889.77。
步骤5
将2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-5-(7-(2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-9H-芴-2-基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸2-((双(苄氧基)磷酰基)氧基)乙酯(11.5g,12.94mmol)的三氟乙酸(45mL)溶液混合物在70℃下搅拌20小时。反应混合物在减压下浓缩后,通过制备型HPLC纯化粗残余物,获得4-(7-(1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-9H-芴-2-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸2-(膦酰氧基)乙酯:1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.39(s,1H),8.19(s,1H),8.11(s,1H),8.01-7.97(m,3H),7.92(d,J=7.3Hz,1H),4.36(m,2H),4.06(s,2H),4.03(m,2H)。ES/MS m/z:C20H18N6O6P(M+H)计算值:469.10,实测值:469.16。
实例180:4-(7-(1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-9H-芴-2-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸(((2-(膦酰氧基)乙氧基)羰基)氧基)甲酯
步骤1
在0℃在氩气下,向搅拌着的(2-羟乙基)磷酸二苄酯(5g,15.52mmol)和吡啶(2.5mL,31.04mmol)的二氯甲烷(100mL)溶液中,加入氯甲酸氯甲酯(2.97g,23.29mmol)。将混合物在室温搅拌6小时后,将反应混合物用二氯甲烷稀释,用水洗涤。将有机层干燥(Na2SO4),并减压浓缩,得到粗2-((双(苄氧基)磷酰基)氧基)乙基(氯甲基)碳酸酯,其未经任何进一步纯化直接用于下一步骤:ES/MS m/z:C18H21ClO7P(M+H)计算值:415.07,实测值:415.31。
步骤2
在0℃在氩气下,向搅拌着的2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-5-(7-(2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-9H-芴-2-基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸(5.0g,8.56mmol)和碳酸钾(1.77g,12.84mmol)的DMF(50mL)溶液中加入2-((双(苄氧基)磷酰基)氧基)乙基(氯甲基)碳酸酯(25g,10.27mmol)。将混合物在50℃搅拌18小时。用冰水稀释反应混合物后,用乙酸乙酯萃取产物。将有机萃取物干燥(Na2SO4),并减压浓缩。残余物通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化,用0%-1%MeOH的二氯甲烷溶液洗脱,得到2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-5-(7-(2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-9H-芴-2-基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸(((2-((双(苄氧基)磷酰基)氧基)乙氧基)羰基)氧基)甲酯:ES/MS m/z:C52H48N6O11P(M+H)计算值:963.31,实测值:963.39。
步骤3
将2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-5-(7-(2-(4-甲氧基苄基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-9H-芴-2-基)-2H-1,2,3-三唑-4-羧酸(((2-((双(苄氧基)磷酰基)氧基)乙氧基)羰基)氧基)甲酯(5.5g,5.71mmol)的三氟乙酸(55mL)溶液混合物在70℃下搅拌20小时。反应混合物在减压下浓缩后,粗残余物通过制备型HPLC纯化,得到4-(7-(1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)-9H-芴-2-基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-5-羧酸(((2-(膦酰氧基)乙氧基)羰基)氧基)甲酯:1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.42(s,1H),8.15(s,1H),8.06(t,J=8.0Hz,2H),8.00(s,1H),7.95(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.80(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),5.94(s,2H),4.32(m,2H),4.08(s,2H),4.01(m,2H)。ES/MS m/z:C22H20N6O9P(M+H)计算值:543.10,实测值:543.40。
以与铃木反应代表性程序类似的方式,使用前面提到的溴化物中间体18或20与可商购的硼酸酯,进行上述SEM或PMB脱保护,以及酯水解,制备下列化合物:
实例182:3-(3-氯-4-氟苯基)-1H-吡唑-4-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.17(s,1H),7.90(dd,J=7.2,2.2Hz,1H),7.71(ddd,J=8.6,4.6,2.2Hz,1H),7.29(t,J=8.9Hz,1H)。ES/MS m/z:C10H7ClFN2O2(M+H)计算值:241.02,实测值:241.02。
实例183:3-(3,5-二氯苯基)-1H-吡唑-4-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.21(s,1H),7.77(d,J=2.0Hz,2H),7.47(t,J=2.0Hz,1H)。ES/MS m/z:C10H7Cl2N2O2(M+H)计算值:256.99,实测值:257.03。
实例184:4-(3-氯-4-氟苯基)-1H-咪唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)8.12(dd,J=7.4,2.2Hz,1H),7.90(ddd,J=8.6,4.7,2.2Hz,1H),7.68(s,1H),7.20(dd,J=9.2,8.7Hz,1H)。ES/MS m/z:C10H7ClFN2O2(M+H)计算值:241.02,实测值:240.94。
实例185:4-(3,5-二氯苯基)-1H-咪唑-5-羧酸
1H NMR(400MHz,甲醇-d4)δ8.03(s,2H),7.67(s,1H),7.31(s,1H)。ES/MS m/z:C10H7Cl2N2O2(M+H)计算值:256.99,实测值:257.03。
生物学检测
生物学检测1:生化细胞检测
材料
乙醇酸氧化酶(GO)是在Gilead根据Jones et al.,2000(J.Biol.Chem.275∶12590-12597)使用HAO1序列生成的。Red过氧化氢/过氧化物酶检测试剂盒(目录号A22188)购自Thermo Fisher(沃尔瑟姆,马塞诸塞州)。乙醇酸(目录号124737)和Tris1M,pH 7.8(目录号T2569-1L)来自Sigma(圣路易斯,密苏里州),10%吐温-20(目录号51-12-02)来自SeraCare(米尔福德,马塞诸塞州),2%BSA(目录号BSA-1000)来自RocklandImmunochemicals(波茨敦,宾夕法尼亚州),黑色384孔低结合板(目录号3860)来自Coming(森尼韦尔,加利福尼亚州)。
方法
1.GO生化检测
GO生化酶促反应在黑色384孔低结合板中进行,总体积为25μL。反应混合物含有5nM GO、100μM乙醇酸、0.1U/mL HRP、50μM Amplex Red和1∶3连续稀释的试验化合物,该试验化合物在含有50mM Tris pH 7.8、0.0025%吐温-20和0.02%BSA的缓冲液中。使用Echo555液体处理机(Labcyte公司,圣何塞,加利福尼亚州)将25nL的1000X试验化合物预先点样在384孔低结合板上,起始终浓度为10μM,随后加入5μL/孔的25nM GO(5X5nM终浓度)并培养15分钟。每孔加入10μL的2.5X0.1U/mL终浓度的HRP,然后加入10μL 2.5X 100μM终浓度的乙醇酸底物和2.5X 50μM终浓度的Amplex Red。将反应混合物在室温下培养20分钟,然后用EnVision读板仪(Perkin Elmer,圣何塞,加利福尼亚州)在570nm激发和585nm发射下读板。将含有DMSO的孔用作阴性对照(作为0%抑制),将不含GO酶的孔用作阳性对照(作为100%抑制)。抑制率%计算为:100%x(孔-阴性)/(阳性-阴性)。
2.HRP复筛(counter screen)检测
HRP复筛检测与GO生化检测平行进行,以排除可能直接抑制HRP但对抑制GO没有影响的化合物。将25nL的相同组的1000X试验化合物预点样到384孔低结合板上,如上文中GO生化检测中所描述,随后添加10μL的2.5X 0.1U/mL终浓度的HRP,该HRP在含有50mM TrispH 7.8、0.0025%吐温、0.02%BSA的缓冲液中,并培养15分钟。然后将15μL 1.67X 50μM终浓度的Amplex Red和1.67X 10μM终浓度的H2O2加入到每个孔中。将反应混合物混合并在室温下培养20分钟。在培养结束时,通过Envision读板仪用570nm激发和585nm发射读板。含有DMSO的孔用作阴性对照(作为0%抑制),而不含HR酶的孔用作阳性对照(作为100%抑制)。如上所述计算抑制率%。
基于GO细胞的检测
1.基于GO瞬时转染细胞的检测
材料
HAO1质粒DNA是由Lake Pharma(贝尔蒙特,加利福尼亚州)通过PCR将HAO1 cDNA(Jones等,2000)克隆到pcDNA3.1(+)-新霉素载体中而产生。FuGENE 6转染试剂(目录号E2692)购自Promega(麦迪逊,威斯康星州)。CHO-K1细胞系(目录号ATCC CCL-61)和F-12K培养基(目录号30-2004)购自ATCC(马纳萨斯,弗吉尼亚州)。OptiMEM I减血清培养基(目录号31985-070)购自Gibco/Life Technologies(格兰德岛,纽约州)。胎牛血清(FBS)(目录号SH30071.03)购自HyClone(洛根,犹他州),100X青霉素/链霉素/L-谷氨酰胺(目录号30-009-C1)购自Corbing(费利蒙,加利福尼亚州)。384孔黑色组织培养板(目录号781086)购自Greiner Bio-one(门罗,北卡罗莱纳州)。
方法
瞬时转染是通过将3份FuGENE 6试剂(μl)与一份HAO1质粒DNA或载体对照DNA(μg)在OptiMEM I减血清培养基中混合,并在室温下培养15分钟来进行的。将该混合物与CHO-K1细胞混合,并以45μL/孔分配,其中含有0.025μg HAO1质粒DNA、0.075μL FuGENE6和4000个细胞,置于F-12K培养基中并加入10%FBS。将细胞在37℃培养箱中培养48小时,以使GO表达。然后除去细胞培养基,并用25μL1∶3连续稀释的试验化合物(起始浓度为1μM)替换,并在室温下培养1小时。然后将25μl含有HRP(终浓度为0.1U/mL)的反应缓冲液(50mM Tris pH7.8,0.0025%吐温,和0.02%BSA)、300μM乙醇酸和50μM Amplex Red加入每个孔中。将反应混合物混合并在室温下培养20分钟,然后如上所述用EnVision读板仪读板。含有DMSO的孔用作阴性对照(0%抑制),而含有载体对照DNA转染的孔用作阳性对照(100%抑制)。如上所述计算抑制率%。
2.基于GO稳定克隆细胞的检测
材料
用于瞬时转染的试剂和组织培养基在瞬时转染检测部分中进行了描述。免抗HAO1抗体(目录号ab93137)购自Abcam(剑桥,马塞诸塞州),抗免IgG(H+L)、F(ab′)2片段、Alexa555缀合物(目录号#4413)购自Cell Signaling Technology(丹弗斯,马塞诸塞州)。
方法
1)CHO-K1-HAO1稳定克隆的产生
通过将GO质粒DNA批量瞬时转染到CHO-K1细胞中,并按如上所述培养48小时,在内部产生GO稳定的克隆。然后用胰蛋白酶处理细胞,将2000个细胞/200μl加入到孔A1中,随后1:2连续稀释到孔A2,并一直稀释到孔A12,用于10个96孔的组织培养板。将A1-A12中的细胞进一步1∶2连续稀释至H1-H12,并在含有10%FBS、补充500μg/mL G418的F-12K培养基中培养两周。在显微镜下监测每个板的菌落形成。挑选二十八个单菌落并扩增以测试GO表达。
用于细胞内GO染色的免疫细胞化学
细胞内GO染色通过首先在室温下将细胞用50μL/孔的4%甲醛的PBS溶液在384孔板中固定30分钟,然后用80μL/孔的洗涤缓冲液(PBS与0.05%吐温-20)洗涤3次。然后,用50μL/孔的0.1%Triton在PBS溶液将细胞透化30分钟,洗涤3次,再用50μL/孔3%BSA在含0.05%吐温-20的PBS溶液封闭1小时。将细胞再次洗涤3次,向每个孔中加入50μL的免抗人GO在含1%BSA和0.05%吐温-20的PBS中以1∶100稀释的溶液,并在4℃下培养过夜。洗涤细胞4次,每次洗涤之间培养15分钟,随后向每孔中加入1∶250稀释的40μL Alexa Fluor 555缀合的抗免IgG(H+L)F(ab′)2片段和1∶500稀释的Hoechst(在1%BSA和0.05%吐温-20中稀释)。将板在室温下培养160分钟,并在培养结束后洗涤四次。将六十微升PBS加入每个孔中,并通过来自Thermo Fisher Scientific(沃尔瑟姆,马塞诸塞州)的Arrayscan XTI HCS读取器检查细胞图像。
2)基于稳定克隆2D2 GO酶活性细胞的检测
384孔组织培养板用25nL试验化合物预点样每孔,然后将5000细胞/孔/25μL克隆2D2在反应缓冲液(50mM Tris pH 7.8,0.0025%吐温和0.02%BSA)中分配至除第22列之外的所有孔中,第22列孔中加入5000细胞/孔/25μL克隆1A1载体对照。将试验化合物与细胞在室温下培养1小时,随后加入25μL含有HRP(终浓度为0.1U/mL)的反应缓冲液(50mM Tris pH7.8,0.0025%吐温,和0.02%BSA),160μM乙醇酸和50μM Amplex Red。将反应混合并在室温下培养20分钟,并如上所述测量产物试卤灵的荧光。具有2D2和DMSO的孔用作阴性对照(0%抑制),而具有1A1载体对照克隆的孔用作阳性对照(100%抑制)。如上所述计算抑制百分比(表2)。
表2
生物学检测2:口服生物利用度和PK研究
将实例2的口服剂量以1.0mg/mL配制在50%水、37.5%PEG 300和12.5%DMSO的无菌溶液中。给药组由三只禁食的雄性Sprague Dawley大鼠组成。在给药时,动物的重量在0.26和0.27kg之间。对于口服给药组,配制剂量通过口服灌胃法以5.0mL/kg给药,剂量为5.0mg/kg。对血浆浓度-时间数据进行非房室药代动力学分析。
表3
表3显示了对SD大鼠以实例2的5mg/kg的口服(PO)剂量给药后的实例2的平均血浆药代动力学参数(平均值±SD,n=3)。表4显示了对SD大鼠以实例2的5mg/kg的口服剂量给药后的实例68的平均血浆药代动力学参数(平均值±SD,n=3)。如表4和5所示,实例2的AUCinf为1600±280nM·h,Cmax为2390±246nM。实例68的AUCinf为3250±242nM·h,Cmax为2270±171nM。实例68的生物利用度估计为19.0%±1.4%
表4
表5
*来自下表7,基于实例68在1.0mg/kg条件下的静脉内(IV)暴露(AUCinf=3420nM·hr)。
相对于大鼠肝血流量(CL=4.0L/hr/kg),实例68(CL=0.95±0.09L/hr/kg)的表观系统清除率较低。分布的体积(Vss=0.44±0.06L/kg)小于身体总水量的体积(0.7L/kg)。实例68的终末t1/2为1.02±0.06小时,平均停留时间(MRT)为0.47±0.02小时。估计口服生物利用度(%F)为2.3%±0.3%。参见表7、表8和图2。
表7.在SD大鼠中以1mg/kg静脉内输注30分钟后,实例68的平均血浆药代动力学参数(平均值±SD,n=3)
表8.在SD大鼠中5mg/kg的口服剂量后实例68的平均血浆药代动力学参数(平均值±SD,n=3)
实例168或实例175配制在15%N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮、55%PEG和30%水的无菌溶液中,用于口服给药或静脉内给药。给药组由三只禁食的雄性SD大鼠或三只禁食的雄性比格犬组成。给药时,大鼠的体重在0.2和0.3kg之间,犬的体重在10.72和10.82kg之间。对于口服给药组,配制剂量通过口服灌胃法以5.0mL/kg给药,剂量为5.0mg/kg或5.4mg/kg。对于静脉内给药组,配制剂量为1.00mg/kg。对血浆浓度-时间数据进行非房室药代动力学分析。这些研究的数据示于图3和图4中。
Claims (38)
1.一种式I化合物:
或其药学上可接受的盐、互变异构体、立体异构体、立体异构体的混合物或氘化类似物,其中
A为N或CH;
R1为炔基、环烷基、芳基、杂芳基或杂环基,其中每一个可选地被1-3个R3取代;
R2为氢、-(CH2CH2O)1-9CH2CH2OCH3、可选地被1-3个R4取代的C1-6烷基、环烷基或可选地被1-3个R5取代的杂芳基;
每个R3独立地为氰基、卤素、-L-C1-9烷基、-L-C1-4卤代烷基、-L-OC1-4卤代烷基、-NR7R8、-C(O)NR7R8、-S(O)2NR7R8、-NR7C(O)R8、-OR7、-L-芳基、-L-杂芳基或-L-杂环基,其中每一个可选地被1-3个R6取代,并且每个L独立地为-C≡C-或不存在L;
每个R4独立地为卤素、羟基、-OC1-6烷基、-NH2、-NHC1-6烷基、-N(C1-6烷基)2、-OC(O)Ra、-OC(O)ORa、-OP(O)(ORb)2或单环杂环基;其中每一个可选地被1-3个R5取代;条件是只有一个R4为杂环基;
每个R5独立地为氰基、卤素、C1-4烷基、羟基、-OC1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基或-OC1-4卤代烷基;
每个R6独立地为氰基、卤素、-C(O)R7、-C(O)OR7、-C(O)NR7R8、-S(O)2NR7R8、-NR7C(O)R8、-OR7、C1-4烷基、-OC1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-OC1-4卤代烷基、苯基、杂环基或杂芳基;其中每一个可选地被1-3个C1-4烷基、-C(O)OH或C1-4卤代烷基取代;
R7和R8各自独立地为氢、C1-4烷基或苯基、吡啶基,或R7和R8与它们所连接的氮原子一起形成杂环基;
每个Ra独立地为可选地被-NH2、-NHC1-6烷基、-N(C1-6烷基)2或-OP(O)(ORb)2取代的C1-6烷基;
每个Rb独立地为氢或C1-4烷基;
当A为N时,以下中的至少一项成立:
1)R1为可选地被1-3个R3取代的稠合三环;
2)R1为可选地取代的稠合双环,其被至少一个R3取代,R3选自氰基、-C≡C-C1-9烷基、-被1-3个R6取代的C1-9烷基、-C≡C-C1-4卤代烷基、-C≡C-OC1-4卤代烷基、-NR7R8、-C(O)NR7R8、-S(O)2NR7R8、-NR7C(O)R8、-O-C1-4烷基、-O-苯基、-L-芳基、-L-杂芳基或-L-杂环基,其中每一个还可选地被1-3个R6取代,并且每个L独立地为-C≡C-或不存在L;
3)R1为取代的单环,其被至少一个选自以下的R3取代:
i)氰基、-C≡C-C1-9烷基、-C≡C-C1-4卤代烷基、-C≡C-OC1-4卤代烷基、-NR7R8、-C(O)NR7R8、-S(O)2NR7R8、-NR7C(O)R8、-C≡C-芳基、-C≡C-杂芳基或-C≡C-杂环基,其中每一个还可选地被1-3个R6取代;
ii)单环芳基、单环杂芳基或单环杂环基,其中每一个还被1-3个以下基团取代:氰基、-C(O)R7、-C(O)OR7、-C(O)NR7R8、-S(O)2NR7R8、-NR7C(O)R8、C1-4烷基、-OC1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、苯基、杂环基或杂芳基;其中每一个可选地被1-3个C1-4烷基、-C(O)OH或C1-4卤代烷基取代;
iii)可选地取代的稠合芳基、可选地取代的稠合杂芳基或可选地取代的稠合杂环基,其中每一个还可选地被1-3个R6取代;或
iv)式-L1-L2的取代基,其中L1为芳基、杂芳基或杂环基,其中每一个可选地被1-3个R6取代;且L2为苯基、杂环基或杂芳基,其中每一个可选地被1-3个C1-4烷基、-C(O)OH或C1-4卤代烷基取代;或
4)R2为-(CH2CH2O)1-9CH2CH2OCH3、被1-3个R4取代的C1-6烷基、环烷基或可选地被1-3个R5取代的杂芳基;以及
当A为CH时,R1不是被甲氧基和甲基取代的10元杂芳基;或R1不是可选地被1-3个取代基取代的C6芳基,该取代基独立地选自氰基、卤素、C1-4烷基、-OR7、C1-4卤代烷基和NR7R8,其中R7和R8各自独立地为氢或C1-4烷基;或R1不是未取代的C10芳基;或R1不是未取代的杂环基。
2.根据权利要求1所述的化合物,其中:
A为N或CH;
R1为炔基、环烷基、芳基、杂芳基或杂环基,其中每一个可选地被1-3个R3取代;
R2为氢、-(CH2CH2O)1-9CH2CH2OCH3、可选地被1-3个R4取代的C1-6烷基、或可选地被1-3个R5取代的杂芳基;
每个R3独立地为卤素、-L-C1-9烷基、-C(O)NR7R8、-S(O)2NR7R8、-NR7C(O)R8,-OR7、-L-5-6元杂芳基或-L-5-6元杂环基,其中每一个可选地被1-3个R6取代,且每个L独立地为键或-C≡C-;
每个R4独立地为卤素、羟基、-OC1-6烷基、-NH2、-NHC1-6烷基、-N(C1-6烷基)2或单环杂环基;其中每一个可选地被1-3个R5取代;条件是只有一个R4为杂环基;
每个R5独立地为氰基、卤素、C1-4烷基、羟基、-OC1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基或-OC1-4卤代烷基;
每个R6独立地为氰基、卤素、C1-4烷基、羟基、-OC1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基或-OC1-4卤代烷基;且
R7和R8各自独立地为氢或C1-4烷基,或R7和R8与它们所连接的氮原子一起形成-(CH2)2-O-(CH2)2-。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的化合物,其中R1为可选地被1-3个R3取代的芳基。
6.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的化合物,其中R1为可选地被1-3个R3取代的杂芳基。
7.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的化合物,其中R1为可选地被1-3个R3取代的杂环基。
8.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的化合物,其中R1为可选地被1-3个R3取代的环烷基。
10.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的化合物,其中至少一个R3为卤素、C1-9烷基或-OR7。
11.根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的化合物,其中至少一个R3为氟、氯、溴、甲基、叔丁基、甲氧基或苯氧基。
12.根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的化合物,其中至少一个R3为被苯基、杂环基或杂芳基取代的芳基。
14.根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的化合物,其中至少一个R3为被杂芳基取代的芳基,所述杂芳基被C1-4烷基、-C(O)OH或C1-4卤代烷基取代。
16.根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的化合物,其中至少一个R3为可选地被1-3个R6取代的杂环基。
18.根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的化合物,其中至少一个R3为可选地被1-3个R6取代的杂芳基。
20.根据权利要求1-19中任一项所述的化合物,其中:
R2为氢、可选地被1-3个R4取代的C1-6烷基、或环烷基;
每个R4独立地为-OC(O)Ra、-OC(O)ORa、-OP(O)(ORb)2或单环杂环基;条件是只有一个R4为杂环基;
每个Ra独立地为可选地被-NH2或-OP(O)(ORb)2取代的C1-6烷基;
且Rb为氢。
21.一种式III化合物:
或其药学上可接受的盐、互变异构体、立体异构体、立体异构体的混合物或氘化类似物,其中:
R2为氢、-(CH2CH2O)1-9CH2CH2OCH3、可选地被1-3个R4取代的C1-6烷基、环烷基或可选地被1-3个R5取代的杂芳基;
每个R3独立地为芳基、杂芳基或杂环基,其中每一个可选地被1-3个R6取代;
每个R4独立地为卤素、羟基、-OC1-6烷基、-NH2、-NHC1-6烷基、-N(C1-6烷基)2、-OC(O)Ra、-OC(O)ORa、-OP(O)(ORb)2或单环杂环基;其中每一个可选地被1-3个R5取代;条件是只有一个R4为杂环基;
每个R5独立地为氰基、卤素、C1-4烷基、羟基、-OC1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基或-OC1-4卤代烷基;
每个R6独立地为氰基、卤素、-C(O)R7、-C(O)OR7、-C(O)NR7R8、-S(O)2NR7R8、-NR7C(O)R8、-OR7、C1-4烷基、-OC1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-OC1-4卤代烷基、苯基、杂环基或杂芳基;其中每一个可选地被1-3个C1-4烷基、-C(O)OH或C1-4卤代烷基取代;
R7和R8各自独立地为氢、C1-4烷基、苯基或吡啶基,或R7和R8与它们所连接的氮原子一起形成杂环基;
每个Ra独立地为可选地被-NH2、-NHC1-6烷基、-N(C1-6烷基)2或-OP(O)(ORb)2取代的C1-6烷基;且
每个Rb独立地为氢或C1-4烷基。
22.一种式IV化合物:
或其药学上可接受的盐、互变异构体、立体异构体、立体异构体的混合物或氘化类似物,其中:
R2为氢、-(CH2CH2O)1-9CH2CH2OCH3、可选地被1-3个R4取代的C1-6烷基、环烷基或可选地被1-3个R5取代的杂芳基;
每个R4独立地为卤素、羟基、-OC1-6烷基、-NH2、-NHC1-6烷基、-N(C1-6烷基)2、-OC(O)Ra、-OC(O)ORa、-OP(O)(ORb)2或单环杂环基;其中每一个可选地被1-3个R5取代;条件是只有一个R4为杂环基;
每个R5独立地为氰基、卤素、C1-4烷基、羟基、-OC1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基或-OC1-4卤代烷基;
每个Ra独立地为可选地被-NH2、-NHC1-6烷基、-N(C1-6烷基)2或-OP(O)(ORb)2取代的C1-6烷基;且
每个Rb独立地为氢或C1-4烷基。
23.根据权利要求22所述的化合物,其中:
R2为氢、可选地被1-3个R4取代的C1-6烷基、或环烷基;
每个R4独立地为-OC1-6烷基、-OC(O)Ra、-OC(O)ORa、-OP(O)(ORb)2或单环杂环基;
每个Ra独立地为可选地被-NH2或-OP(O)(ORb)2取代的C1-6烷基;
且Rb为氢。
25.一种选自表1的化合物。
28.一种药物组合物,其包含根据权利要求1-27中任一项所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、互变异构体、立体异构体、立体异构体的混合物或氘化类似物。
29.一种用于治疗1型原发性高草酸尿症的方法,其包括向有需要的患者施用治疗有效量的根据权利要求1-27中任一项所述的化合物、或根据权利要求28所述的药物组合物或式I化合物:
或其药学上可接受的盐、互变异构体、立体异构体、立体异构体的混合物或氘化类似物,其中
A为N或CH;
R1为炔基、环烷基、芳基、杂芳基或杂环基,其中每一个可选地被1-3个R3取代;
R2为氢、-(CH2CH2O)1-9CH2CH2OCH3、可选地被1-3个R4取代的C1-6烷基、环烷基或可选地被1-3个R5取代的杂芳基;
每个R3独立地为氰基、卤素、-L-C1-9烷基、-L-C1-4卤代烷基、-L-OC1-4卤代烷基、-NR7R8、-C(O)NR7R8、-S(O)2NR7R8、-NR7C(O)R8、-OR7、-L-芳基、-L-杂芳基或-L-杂环基,其中每一个可选地被1-3个R6取代,并且每个L独立地为-C≡C-或不存在L;
每个R4独立地为卤素、羟基、-OC1-6烷基、-NH2、-NHC1-6烷基、-N(C1-6烷基)2、-OC(O)Ra、-OC(O)ORa、-OP(O)(ORb)2或单环杂环基;其中每一个可选地被1-3个R5取代;条件是只有一个R4为杂环基;
每个R5独立地为氰基、卤素、C1-4烷基、羟基、-OC1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基或-OC1-4卤代烷基;
每个R6独立地为氰基、卤素、-C(O)R7、-C(O)OR7、-C(O)NR7R8、-S(O)2NR7R8、-NR7C(O)R8、-OR7、C1-4烷基、-OC1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-OC1-4卤代烷基、苯基、杂环基或杂芳基;其中每一个可选地被1-3个C1-4烷基、-C(O)OH或C1-4卤代烷基取代;
R7和R8各自独立地为氢、C1-4烷基或苯基、吡啶基,或R7和R8与它们所连接的氮原子一起形成杂环基;
每个Ra独立地为可选地被-NH2、-NHC1-6烷基、-N(C1-6烷基)2或-OP(O)(ORb)2取代的C1-6烷基;
每个Rb独立地为氢或C1-4烷基;
当R1为苯基时,则R3为芳基或杂芳基,其中每一个可选地被1-3个R6取代;且当R1为杂芳基时,则R2不是未取代的C1-6烷基。
30.一种治疗复发性肾结石形成者的方法,其包括向有需要的患者施用治疗有效量的根据权利要求1-27中任一项所述的化合物、根据权利要求28所述的药物组合物或式I化合物:
或其药学上可接受的盐、互变异构体、立体异构体、立体异构体的混合物或氘化类似物,其中
A为N或CH;
R1为炔基、环烷基、芳基、杂芳基或杂环基,其中每一个可选地被1-3个R3取代;
R2为氢、-(CH2CH2O)1-9CH2CH2OCH3、可选地被1-3个R4取代的C1-6烷基、环烷基或可选地被1-3个R5取代的杂芳基;
每个R3独立地为氰基、卤素、-L-C1-9烷基、-L-C1-4卤代烷基、-L-OC1-4卤代烷基、-NR7R8、-C(O)NR7R8、-S(O)2NR7R8、-NR7C(O)R8、-OR7、-L-芳基、-L-杂芳基或-L-杂环基,其中每一个可选地被1-3个R6取代,并且每个L独立地为-C≡C-或不存在L;
每个R4独立地为卤素、羟基、-OC1-6烷基、-NH2、-NHC1-6烷基、-N(C1-6烷基)2、-OC(O)Ra、-OC(O)ORa、-OP(O)(ORb)2或单环杂环基;其中每一个可选地被1-3个R5取代;条件是只有一个R4为杂环基;
每个R5独立地为氰基、卤素、C1-4烷基、羟基、-OC1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基或-OC1-4卤代烷基;
每个R6独立地为氰基、卤素、-C(O)R7、-C(O)OR7、-C(O)NR7R8、-S(O)2NR7R8、-NR7C(O)R8、-OR7、C1-4烷基、-OC1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-OC1-4卤代烷基、苯基、杂环基或杂芳基;其中每一个可选地被1-3个C1-4烷基、-C(O)OH或C1-4卤代烷基取代;
R7和R8各自独立地为氢、C1-4烷基或苯基、吡啶基,或R7和R8与它们所连接的氮原子一起形成杂环基;
每个Ra独立地为可选地被-NH2、-NHC1-6烷基、-N(C1-6烷基)2或-OP(O)(ORb)2取代的C1-6烷基;且
每个Rb独立地为氢或C1-4烷基;
当R1为苯基时,则R3为芳基或杂芳基,其中每一个可选地被1-3个R6取代;且当R1为杂芳基时,则R2不是未取代的C1-6烷基。
31.一种抑制乙醛酸盐和/或草酸盐的产生和/或抑制乙醇酸氧化酶(GO)的方法,其包括向有需要的患者施用治疗有效量的根据权利要求1-27中任一项所述的化合物、根据权利要求28所述的药物组合物或式I化合物:
或其药学上可接受的盐、互变异构体、立体异构体、立体异构体的混合物或氘化类似物,其中
A为N或CH;
R1为炔基、环烷基、芳基、杂芳基或杂环基,其中每一个可选地被1-3个R3取代;
R2为氢、-(CH2CH2O)1-9CH2CH2OCH3、可选地被1-3个R4取代的C1-6烷基、环烷基或可选地被1-3个R5取代的杂芳基;
每个R3独立地为氰基、卤素、-L-C1-9烷基、-L-C1-4卤代烷基、-L-OC1-4卤代烷基、-NR7R8、-C(O)NR7R8、-S(O)2NR7R8、-NR7C(O)R8、-OR7、-L-芳基、-L-杂芳基或-L-杂环基,其中每一个可选地被1-3个R6取代,并且每个L独立地为-C≡C-或不存在L;
每个R4独立地为卤素、羟基、-OC1-6烷基、-NH2、-NHC1-6烷基、-N(C1-6烷基)2、-OC(O)Ra、-OC(O)ORa、-OP(O)(ORb)2或单环杂环基;其中每一个可选地被1-3个R5取代;条件是只有一个R4为杂环基;
每个R5独立地为氰基、卤素、C1-4烷基、羟基、-OC1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基或-OC1-4卤代烷基;
每个R6独立地为氰基、卤素、-C(O)R7、-C(O)OR7、-C(O)NR7R8、-S(O)2NR7R8、-NR7C(O)R8、-OR7、C1-4烷基、-OC1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-OC1-4卤代烷基、苯基、杂环基或杂芳基;其中每一个可选地被1-3个C1-4烷基、-C(O)OH或C1-4卤代烷基取代;
R7和R8各自独立地为氢、C1-4烷基或苯基、吡啶基,或R7和R8与它们所连接的氮原子一起形成杂环基;
每个Ra独立地为可选地被-NH2、-NHC1-6烷基、-N(C1-6烷基)2或-OP(O)(ORb)2取代的C1-6烷基;且
每个Rb独立地为氢或C1-4烷基;
当R1为苯基时,则R3为芳基或杂芳基,其中每一个可选地被1-3个R6取代;且当R1为杂芳基时,则R2不是未取代的C1-6烷基。
32.根据权利要求1-27中任一项所述的化合物或根据权利要求28所述的药物组合物,其用于在有需要的患者中控制或抑制复发性肾结石形成者的产生的用途。
33.式I化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、互变异构体、立体异构体、立体异构体的混合物或氘化类似物,其用于在有需要的患者中控制或抑制复发性肾结石形成者的产生的用途,其中式I化合物:
A为N或CH;
R1为炔基、环烷基、芳基、杂芳基或杂环基,其中每一个可选地被1-3个R3取代;
R2为氢、-(CH2CH2O)1-9CH2CH2OCH3、可选地被1-3个R4取代的C1-6烷基、环烷基或可选地被1-3个R5取代的杂芳基;
每个R3独立地为氰基、卤素、-L-C1-9烷基、-L-C1-4卤代烷基、-L-OC1-4卤代烷基、-NR7R8、-C(O)NR7R8、-S(O)2NR7R8、-NR7C(O)R8、-OR7、-L-芳基、-L-杂芳基或-L-杂环基,其中每一个可选地被1-3个R6取代,并且每个L独立地为-C≡C-或不存在L;
每个R4独立地为卤素、羟基、-OC1-6烷基、-NH2、-NHC1-6烷基、-N(C1-6烷基)2、-OC(O)Ra、-OC(O)ORa、-OP(O)(ORb)2或单环杂环基;其中每一个可选地被1-3个R5取代;条件是只有一个R4为杂环基;
每个R5独立地为氰基、卤素、C1-4烷基、羟基、-OC1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基或-OC1-4卤代烷基;
每个R6独立地为氰基、卤素、-C(O)R7、-C(O)OR7、-C(O)NR7R8、-S(O)2NR7R8、-NR7C(O)R8、-OR7、C1-4烷基、-OC1-4烷基、C1-4卤代烷基、-OC1-4卤代烷基、苯基、杂环基或杂芳基;其中每一个可选地被1-3个C1-4烷基、-C(O)OH或C1-4卤代烷基取代;
R7和R8各自独立地为氢、C1-4烷基或苯基、吡啶基,或R7和R8与它们所连接的氮原子一起形成杂环基;
每个Ra独立地为可选地被-NH2、-NHC1-6烷基、-N(C1-6烷基)2或-OP(O)(ORb)2取代的C1-6烷基;且
每个Rb独立地为氢或C1-4烷基;
当R1为苯基时,则R3为芳基或杂芳基,其中每一个可选地被1-3个R6取代;且当R1为杂芳基时,则R2不是未取代的C1-6烷基。
34.根据权利要求29-31中任一项所述的方法,其还包括施用另外的治疗剂。
35.根据权利要求32-33中任一项所述的用途,其与另外的治疗剂组合。
36.根据权利要求34所述的方法或根据权利要求35所述的用途,其中所述另外的治疗剂是草酸钙结晶抑制剂、草酸降解酶抑制剂、SiRNA、奥沙泽姆、卢马西兰、奈多西兰、奥沙贝特或瑞洛沙酶。
37.根据权利要求34所述的方法或根据权利要求35所述的用途,其中所述另外的治疗剂是SGLT2抑制剂。
38.根据权利要求37所述的方法或用途,其中所述SGL2抑制剂为达格列净、埃格列净、鲁格列净、卡格列净、托格列净、伊格列净、伊格列净、恩格列净或柠檬酸钾。
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