CN114916619A - Concentrated feed for goats in gestation period and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Concentrated feed for goats in gestation period and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114916619A CN114916619A CN202210333830.0A CN202210333830A CN114916619A CN 114916619 A CN114916619 A CN 114916619A CN 202210333830 A CN202210333830 A CN 202210333830A CN 114916619 A CN114916619 A CN 114916619A
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- concentrated feed
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- grass
- feed
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- 241000283707 Capra Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 14
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- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 28
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- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
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- 241000361919 Metaphire sieboldi Species 0.000 claims abstract description 21
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- 235000016425 Arthrospira platensis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
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- 229940082787 spirulina Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 19
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- 241000228245 Aspergillus niger Species 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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- 241000193448 Ruminiclostridium thermocellum Species 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 241001337904 Gordonia <angiosperm> Species 0.000 claims description 5
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000032696 parturition Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 11
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- 235000011570 Artemisia caruifolia var apiacea Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000019750 Crude protein Nutrition 0.000 description 3
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- UMURLIQHQSKULR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-oxazolidine-2-thione Chemical compound S=C1NCCO1 UMURLIQHQSKULR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-GPIVLXJGSA-N Inositol-hexakisphosphate Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)O[C@H]1[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H]1OP(O)(O)=O IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-GPIVLXJGSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 2
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- 150000002540 isothiocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- 206010006500 Brucellosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 206010039438 Salmonella Infections Diseases 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
- A23K10/38—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material from distillers' or brewers' waste
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/189—Enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/22—Compounds of alkali metals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/30—Oligoelements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K30/00—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K30/10—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder
- A23K30/15—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder using chemicals or microorganisms for ensilaging
- A23K30/18—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder using chemicals or microorganisms for ensilaging using microorganisms or enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K40/10—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by agglomeration; by granulation, e.g. making powders
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/11—Lactobacillus
- A23V2400/129—Cornyiformis
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The invention discloses a goat concentrated feed which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-45 parts of corn, 20-30 parts of sugarcane top, 15-25 parts of earthworm powder, 8-10 parts of spirulina powder, 5-10 parts of jasmine flower residue, 3-6 parts of rapeseed cake, 10-20 parts of cassava alcohol residue, 5-8 parts of sweet wormwood herb, 1-2 parts of cane sugar, 1-2 parts of salt, 0.2-0.5 part of ginger and 1.5-2.5 parts of a first fermenting agent, wherein the first fermenting agent comprises aspergillus niger, actinomycetes, lactobacillus corylus, cellulase and chrysosporium hominis in a weight ratio of 1:0.5:1-1.5:1-1.5: 0.5-1. The invention can meet the nutritional requirements of ewes in gestation period, improve the resistance and health degree of the ewes, reduce the invasion of diseases, reduce the problems of ewe abortion caused by diseases and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of feed. More specifically, the invention relates to concentrated feed for goats in a special period and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The breeding of ewes in gestation period is a key period for ensuring the normal growth and development of fetuses. Due to the limitation of nutrient substances in the forage grass for the ewes and the particularity of growth of the ewes, the ewes cannot meet the nutritional requirements of the ewes even though grazing and supplementary feeding can achieve satiety, and therefore, farmers are in need of supplementary feeding of concentrated feed for the ewes. However, due to the particularity of the ewes in gestation period, the concentrated feed not only meets the nutritional requirements of the ewes, but also has a certain disease prevention effect so as to avoid the invasion of diseases and the use of chemical drugs, and meanwhile, the feed for causing abortion of the ewes is added. Therefore, the adopted goat concentrated feed is one of important factors influencing the breeding of the ewes in gestation period.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and to provide at least the advantages described later.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a goat fine fodder which can satisfy nutritional requirements of ewes during pregnancy, improve the resistance and health of ewes, reduce the invasion of diseases, reduce the abortion of ewes due to diseases, etc.
To achieve these objects and other advantages in accordance with the present invention, there is provided a goat concentrate comprising the following raw material components in parts by weight: 35-45 parts of corn, 20-30 parts of sugarcane top, 15-25 parts of earthworm powder, 8-10 parts of spirulina powder, 5-10 parts of jasmine flower residue, 3-6 parts of rapeseed cake, 10-20 parts of cassava alcohol residue, 5-8 parts of sweet wormwood herb, 1-2 parts of cane sugar, 1-2 parts of salt, 0.2-0.5 part of ginger and 1.5-2.5 parts of a first fermenting agent, wherein the first fermenting agent comprises aspergillus niger, actinomycetes, lactobacillus corylus, cellulase and chrysosporium hominis in a weight ratio of 1:0.5:1-1.5:1-1.5: 0.5-1.
Preferably, the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of corn, 20 parts of sugarcane top, 20 parts of earthworm powder, 8 parts of spirulina powder, 5 parts of jasmine flower residues, 3 parts of rapeseed cakes, 10 parts of cassava alcohol residues, 5 parts of sweet wormwood, 2 parts of sucrose, 2 parts of salt, 0.5 part of ginger and 2 parts of a first fermenting agent, wherein the first fermenting agent comprises aspergillus niger, actinomycetes, lactobacillus corylus, cellulase and Gordonia spore in a weight ratio of 1:0.5:1:1: 1.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the concentrated feed, which adopts the raw materials and comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing salt into saturated salt water, adding crushed ginger and sweet wormwood into the saturated salt water, soaking for 8-10 hours, filtering, crushing the filtered material to obtain a material A, and cooling the filtrate after the filtrate is rolled to obtain a filtrate A;
step two, uniformly mixing the rapeseed cakes, the cassava alcohol residues, the material A and the cane sugar for 10-20 minutes to obtain a material B, then mixing half of the first leavening agent with 30-40 times of sterile water to obtain a diluted bacterial liquid, adding the diluted bacterial liquid into the material B, uniformly mixing, and standing and fermenting for 3-5 days in a sealed manner at the temperature of 30-35 ℃ to obtain a first fermented material;
step three, adding the filtrate A and jasmine flower residues into the first fermentation material, uniformly mixing, sealing and fermenting for 12-24 hours, then adding the other half of the first fermentation agent, uniformly stirring in a sealed state, standing and fermenting for 2-3 days to obtain a second fermentation material;
and step four, uniformly mixing the crushed sugarcane leaves, the crushed corns, the crushed earthworm powder and the spirulina powder with the second fermentation material, drying, sterilizing and granulating to obtain the feed.
The invention also provides an application of the goat concentrated feed, which is used for feeding pregnant ewes by the prepared concentrated feed, and comprises the following steps:
in the first month of gestation, the same as the non-pregnant diet habit, the amount of the concentrated feed is 0.4-0.8kg, the fresh grass is 1.0-1.5kg, the silage is 1.0-1.5kg per day, and the feed is fed three times a day;
in the second month of gestation, the times of grazing are reduced, the goat inhabitation room keeps the air humidity of 30-35%, the daily average temperature is 26-28 ℃, the air is smooth, the area with sunlight irradiation is disinfected once every two weeks, the amount of fine feed fed is 0.5-0.9kg, 1.0-1.5kg of fresh grass and 1.0-1.5kg of silage fed every day for three times a day;
in the third month of gestation, stopping grazing from the second month, feeding concentrated feed in an amount of 0.8-1.5kg, fresh grass in an amount of 0.5-1.0kg, and silage in an amount of 0.9-1.3kg every day for three times a day until delivery is finished;
in the fourth month of gestation, the concentrated feed is obviously increased, the amount of the concentrated feed is 1.4-2.5kg, the fresh grass is 0.3-0.5kg, the silage is 0.5-0.7kg per day, and the concentrated feed is fed for four times per day;
in the fifth month of gestation period until parturition, the feed is fed with concentrated feed 1.6-2.8kg, fresh grass 0.1-0.2kg, silage 0.3-0.5kg daily four times.
Preferably, the silage is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-35 parts of corn straw, 20-25 parts of cassia grass No. 1 wangcao, 15-20 parts of feed mulberry leaf, 8-12 parts of bellflower, 3-5 parts of composite mineral, 1-3 parts of amino acid, 0.6-1.2 parts of cane sugar and 1-3 parts of second leavening agent; the second leavening agent is a mixture of trametes robusta, phellinus igniarius, clostridium thermocellum, chrysosporium altivelis and erwinia rhapontici, and the weight ratio of the trametes robusta, the phellinus igniarius, the clostridium thermocellum, the chrysosporium altivelis and the erwinia rhapontici is (2-3: 2-3): 3-6: 2-4:1-3.
Preferably, the complex mineral is a mixture of calcium, phosphorus, sodium, copper, iron, silicon, manganese, cobalt, iodine and selenium in a ratio of 2:2: 2:0.6:0.5:0.4:0.4:0.4:0.3: 0.2.
Preferably, the raw material ingredients according to claim 5 or 6 are used, and the preparation method of the silage comprises the following steps:
1) respectively cleaning corn straws, the grass of king grass No. 1, feed mulberry leaves and the bellflower, drying until the water content is 60-75%, then respectively cutting the dried corn straws, the grass of king grass No. 1, the feed mulberry leaves and the bellflower into segments with the length of 1-2cm to respectively obtain corn straw segments, grass of king grass No. 1, feed mulberry leaves segments and bellflower segments, and mixing the segments of the raw materials to obtain a mixture I;
2) adding the compound mineral, amino acid and sucrose into the mixture I obtained in the step 1) respectively, and stirring to uniformly mix the substances to obtain a mixture II;
3) weighing sterile water 25-30 times of a second leavening agent, adding the second leavening agent into the sterile water, and fully stirring to uniformly mix the leavening agent and the sterile water to obtain diluted bacteria liquid;
4) adding the diluted bacterial liquid obtained in the step 3) into the mixture II obtained in the step 2), and fully stirring to uniformly mix the diluted bacterial liquid and the mixture II to obtain a mixture III; and compacting the mixture III, sealing the mixture by using a plastic film, and placing the mixture in a container for fermentation at the temperature of 20-35 ℃ for 5-10 days to obtain the silage.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
firstly, the method is beneficial to separating and neutralizing partial active ingredients of the ginger and the sweet wormwood through soaking the ginger and the sweet wormwood in saturated salt solution, fermenting the part difficult to separate with mixed bacteria, and simultaneously degrading the anti-nutritional factors of the cassava alcohol residues and the anti-nutritional factors of the rapeseed cakes synchronously in the mixed bacteria fermentation process of aspergillus niger, actinomycetes, lactobacillus corylus, cellulase and high-purity chrysosporium so as to play the nutritional values of the rapeseed cakes and the cassava alcohol residues. In the stable growth period of the mixed bacteria, the filtrate A, the jasmine flower residue and the new mixed bacteria are added, the adjustment period time of the new mixed bacteria is shortened, the logarithmic phase fermentation time of the mixed bacteria is prolonged, the macro-molecules such as nutritional factors, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber and the like can be further degraded, and the nutritional values of the rapeseed cakes, the cassava alcohol residue and the jasmine flower residue and the medicinal value of the sweet wormwood are exerted.
Secondly, the invention utilizes crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, crude ash, calcium, phosphorus and other trace elements and a plurality of amino acids which are rich in the jasmine flower residue to be mixed and fermented with the first fermentation material in the stable period, thereby being beneficial to quickly converting the crude protein, the crude fat and the crude fiber into micromolecules which are beneficial to absorption in the fermentation product in the stable period, improving the nutrient content and reducing the loss of other nutrient substances.
Thirdly, the earthworm is rich in substances such as protein, antibacterial peptide, digestive enzyme, amino acid and the like, and the earthworm powder is added in the invention, so that the protein source of the pregnant goat is increased, and the nutrition and physical ability of the ewe are supplemented.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples so that those skilled in the art can practice the invention with reference to the description.
It will be understood that terms such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.
It should be noted that the experimental methods described in the following embodiments are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the reagents and materials described therein are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
The concentrated feed for the goats comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: the fermentation starter comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 35 parts of corn, 30 parts of sugarcane leaves, 15 parts of earthworm powder, 8 parts of spirulina powder, 5 parts of jasmine flower residues, 3 parts of rapeseed cakes, 10 parts of cassava alcohol residues, 5 parts of sweet wormwood herbs, 1 part of sucrose, 1 part of salt, 0.2 part of ginger and 1.5 parts of a first fermentation agent, wherein the first fermentation agent comprises aspergillus niger, actinomycetes, lactobacillus clavuligerus, cellulase and chrysosporium altissimum, and the weight ratio of the first fermentation agent to the second fermentation agent is 1:0.5:1:1: 0.5.
Example 2
A concentrated feed for goats comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of corn, 20 parts of sugarcane top, 20 parts of earthworm powder, 8 parts of spirulina powder, 5 parts of jasmine flower residues, 3 parts of rapeseed cakes, 10 parts of cassava alcohol residues, 5 parts of sweet wormwood, 2 parts of sucrose, 2 parts of salt, 0.5 part of ginger and 2 parts of a first fermenting agent, wherein the first fermenting agent comprises aspergillus niger, actinomycetes, lactobacillus corylus, cellulase and Gordonia spore in a weight ratio of 1:0.5:1:1: 1.
Example 3
A concentrated feed for goats comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of corn, 20 parts of sugarcane top, 20 parts of earthworm powder, 8 parts of spirulina powder, 5 parts of jasmine flower residues, 3 parts of rapeseed cakes, 10 parts of cassava alcohol residues, 5 parts of sweet wormwood, 2 parts of sucrose, 2 parts of salt, 0.5 part of ginger and 2 parts of a first fermenting agent, wherein the first fermenting agent comprises aspergillus niger, actinomycetes, lactobacillus corylus, cellulase and Gordonia spore in a weight ratio of 1:0.5:1:1: 1.
The preparation method of the goat concentrated feed comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing salt into saturated salt water, adding crushed ginger and sweet wormwood into the saturated salt water, soaking for 8 hours, filtering, crushing the filtered material to obtain a material A, and cooling the filtrate after the filtrate is rolled to obtain a filtrate A;
step two, uniformly mixing the rapeseed cakes, the cassava alcohol residues, the material A and the cane sugar for 10 minutes to obtain a material B, then mixing half of the first fermentation agent with 30 times of sterile water to obtain diluted bacterial liquid, adding the diluted bacterial liquid into the material B, uniformly mixing, and sealing and standing at 30 ℃ for fermentation for 3 days to obtain a first fermentation material;
step three, adding the filtrate A and jasmine flower residues into the first fermentation material, uniformly mixing, sealing and fermenting for 12 hours, then adding the other half of the first fermentation agent, uniformly stirring in a sealed state, and standing and fermenting for 2 days to obtain a second fermentation material;
and step four, uniformly mixing the crushed sugarcane leaves, the crushed corns, the crushed earthworm powder and the spirulina powder with the second fermentation material, drying, sterilizing and granulating to obtain the composite microbial agent.
Example 4
The concentrated feed for the goats comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of corn, 20 parts of sugarcane leaves, 20 parts of earthworm powder, 8 parts of spirulina powder, 5 parts of jasmine flower residues, 3 parts of rapeseed cakes, 10 parts of cassava alcohol residues, 5 parts of sweet wormwood herbs, 2 parts of cane sugar, 2 parts of salt, 0.5 part of ginger and 2 parts of a first fermenting agent, wherein the first fermenting agent comprises aspergillus niger, actinomycetes, lactobacillus corynebacterium, cellulase and Goodyearia spore in a weight ratio of 1:0.5:1:1: 1.
The preparation method of the goat concentrated feed comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing salt into saturated salt water, adding crushed ginger and sweet wormwood into the saturated salt water, soaking for 9 hours, filtering, crushing the filtered material to obtain a material A, and cooling the filtrate after the filtrate is rolled to obtain a filtrate A;
step two, uniformly mixing the rapeseed cakes, the cassava alcohol residues, the material A and the cane sugar for 15 minutes to obtain a material B, then mixing half of the first leavening agent with 35 times of sterile water to obtain diluted bacterial liquid, adding the diluted bacterial liquid into the material B, uniformly mixing, and sealing and standing at 32 ℃ for fermentation for 4 days to obtain a first fermentation material;
step three, adding the filtrate A and jasmine flower residues into the first fermentation material, uniformly mixing, sealing and fermenting for 18 hours, then adding the other half of the first fermentation agent, uniformly stirring in a sealed state, standing and fermenting for 2 days to obtain a second fermentation material;
and step four, uniformly mixing the crushed sugarcane leaves, the crushed corns, the crushed earthworm powder and the spirulina powder with the second fermentation material, drying, sterilizing and granulating to obtain the composite microbial agent.
Example 5
A concentrated feed for goats comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of corn, 20 parts of sugarcane top, 20 parts of earthworm powder, 8 parts of spirulina powder, 5 parts of jasmine flower residues, 3 parts of rapeseed cakes, 10 parts of cassava alcohol residues, 5 parts of sweet wormwood, 2 parts of sucrose, 2 parts of salt, 0.5 part of ginger and 2 parts of a first fermenting agent, wherein the first fermenting agent comprises aspergillus niger, actinomycetes, lactobacillus corylus, cellulase and Gordonia spore in a weight ratio of 1:0.5:1:1: 1.
The preparation method of the goat concentrated feed comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing salt into saturated salt water, adding crushed ginger and sweet wormwood into the saturated salt water, soaking for 10 hours, filtering, crushing the filtered material to obtain a material A, and cooling the filtrate after the filtrate is rolled to obtain a filtrate A;
step two, uniformly mixing the rapeseed cakes, the cassava alcohol residues, the material A and the cane sugar for 20 minutes to obtain a material B, then mixing half of the first leavening agent with sterile water 40 times of the first leavening agent to obtain diluted bacterial liquid, adding the diluted bacterial liquid into the material B, uniformly mixing, and sealing and standing at 35 ℃ for fermentation for 5 days to obtain a first fermentation material;
step three, adding the filtrate A and jasmine flower residues into the first fermentation material, uniformly mixing, sealing and fermenting for 24 hours, then adding the other half of the first fermentation agent, uniformly stirring in a sealed state, and standing and fermenting for 3 days to obtain a second fermentation material;
and step four, uniformly mixing the crushed sugarcane leaves, the crushed corns, the crushed earthworm powder and the spirulina powder with the second fermentation material, drying, sterilizing and granulating to obtain the feed.
Comparative example 1
A concentrated feed comprises the same raw material components as in example 5, and the preparation method is different from that of example 5 in that: the first step of example 5 is not performed, and the crushed ginger, the crushed sweet wormwood, the salt, the rapeseed cake, the cassava alcohol residue and the sucrose are directly mixed and fermented. The method comprises the following specific steps:
uniformly mixing rapeseed cakes, cassava alcohol residues, crushed ginger, sweet wormwood, salt and sucrose for 20 minutes to obtain a material, then mixing half of a first leavening agent with sterile water 40 times of the first leavening agent to obtain a diluted bacterial liquid, adding the diluted bacterial liquid into the material, uniformly mixing, and sealing and standing at 35 ℃ for fermentation for 5 days to obtain a first fermentation material;
step two, adding jasmine flower residues into the first fermentation material, uniformly mixing, sealing and fermenting for 24 hours, then adding the other half of the first fermentation agent, uniformly stirring in a sealed state, standing and fermenting for 3 days to obtain a second fermentation material;
and step three, uniformly mixing the crushed sugarcane leaves, the crushed corns, the crushed earthworm powder and the spirulina powder with the second fermentation material, drying, sterilizing and granulating to obtain the composite microbial agent.
Comparative example 2
A concentrated feed comprises the same raw material components as in example 5, and the preparation method is different from that of example 5 in that: adding the rapeseed cake, the cassava alcohol residue, the material A, the cane sugar, the filtrate A, the jasmine flower residue and the mixed bacteria for fermentation for 9 days at one time. The method comprises the following specific steps:
step one, preparing salt into saturated salt water, adding crushed ginger and sweet wormwood into the saturated salt water for soaking for 10 hours, then filtering, crushing the filtered material to obtain a material A, and cooling the filtrate after the filtrate is rolled to obtain a filtrate A;
step two, uniformly mixing the rapeseed cakes, the cassava alcohol residues, the material A, the filtrate A, the jasmine flower residues and the cane sugar for 20 minutes to obtain a material B, then mixing the first leavening agent with sterile water 40 times of the first leavening agent to obtain diluted bacterial liquid, adding the diluted bacterial liquid into the material B, uniformly mixing, and sealing and standing at 35 ℃ for fermentation for 9 days to obtain a fermented material;
and step three, uniformly mixing the crushed sugarcane leaves, the crushed corn, the crushed earthworm powder and the spirulina powder with the fermentation material, drying, sterilizing and granulating to obtain the feed.
Comparative example 3
A concentrated feed comprises the same raw material components as in example 5, and the preparation method is different from that of example 5 in that: the fermentation sequence of the material A and the filtrate A is different. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing salt into saturated salt water, adding crushed ginger and sweet wormwood into the saturated salt water for soaking for 10 hours, then filtering, crushing the filtered material to obtain a material A, and cooling the filtrate after the filtrate is rolled to obtain a filtrate A;
step two, uniformly mixing the rapeseed cakes, the cassava alcohol residues, the filtrate A and the sucrose for 20 minutes to obtain a material B, then mixing half of the first leavening agent with sterile water 40 times of the first leavening agent to obtain diluted bacterial liquid, adding the diluted bacterial liquid into the material B, uniformly mixing, and sealing and standing at 35 ℃ for fermentation for 5 days to obtain a first fermentation material;
adding the material A and jasmine flower residues into the first fermentation material, uniformly mixing, sealing and fermenting for 24 hours, then adding the other half of the first fermentation agent, uniformly stirring in a sealed state, and standing and fermenting for 3 days to obtain a second fermentation material;
and step four, uniformly mixing the crushed sugarcane leaves, the crushed corns, the crushed earthworm powder and the spirulina powder with the second fermentation material, drying, sterilizing and granulating to obtain the feed.
Comparative example 4
A concentrated feed which is different from the concentrated feed in example 5 in the raw material components and the preparation method, and is characterized in that: comparative example 4 no artemisia apiacea was added. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing salt into saturated salt water, crushing ginger, adding the crushed ginger into the saturated salt water, soaking for 10 hours, then filtering, crushing the filtered material to obtain a material A, and cooling the filtrate after the filtrate is rolled to obtain a filtrate A;
step two, uniformly mixing the rapeseed cakes, the cassava alcohol residues, the material A and the cane sugar for 20 minutes to obtain a material B, then mixing half of the first leavening agent with sterile water 40 times of the first leavening agent to obtain diluted bacterial liquid, adding the diluted bacterial liquid into the material B, uniformly mixing, and sealing and standing at 35 ℃ for fermentation for 5 days to obtain a first fermentation material;
step three, adding the filtrate A and jasmine flower residues into the first fermentation material, uniformly mixing, sealing and fermenting for 24 hours, then adding the other half of the first fermentation agent, uniformly stirring in a sealed state, and standing and fermenting for 3 days to obtain a second fermentation material;
and step four, uniformly mixing the crushed sugarcane leaves, the crushed corns, the crushed earthworm powder and the spirulina powder with the second fermentation material, drying, sterilizing and granulating to obtain the feed.
The contents of cyanide, phytate, tannin, isothiocyanate and oxazolidinethione in the concentrated feed prepared in examples 3, 4 and 5 and comparative examples 1, 2, 3 and 4 were measured by the test method of GB 13078-:
table 1: the contents of cyanide, phytate, tannin, isothiocyanate and oxazolidinethione in the concentrated feed
From the results in table 1, the goat concentrated feed prepared by using the jasmine flower residue, the rapeseed cake, the cassava alcohol residue, the sweet wormwood herb, the sucrose, the salt, the ginger and the like can be more thoroughly fermented and degraded, has a good effect of degrading the antinutritional factors, is beneficial to exerting the nutritional values of the rapeseed cake, the cassava alcohol residue and the jasmine flower residue and the medicinal value of the sweet wormwood herb, has a simple preparation method, and is beneficial to popularization and application. The concentrated feed prepared in the comparative example 2 has insufficient degradation of anti-nutritional factors, and nutritional ingredients are not beneficial to digestion and absorption. The reason for this is presumed to be that the logarithmic phase and stationary phase of fermentation are relatively short, and the activity of the cells is not sufficiently mobilized, which affects the fermentation degradation effect. The reason why the concentrated feed prepared in the comparative example 3 is insufficient in degradation of anti-nutritional factors is presumed to be that the higher salt content of the filtrate A added in the adjustment period of fermentation influences the rapid propagation of mixed bacteria, influences the rate of the mixed bacteria entering the logarithmic phase and the stationary phase, and influences the subsequent fermentation degradation effect.
Test example 1
The method comprises the steps of selecting 30 healthy ewes of the newly-pregnant Longlin goat variety, dividing the ewes into 3 groups, feeding each habitat with a single goat, wherein the feeding environment and the feeding management mode are the same, the only difference is that the used concentrated feed is different, and the concentrated feed fed by the first group, the second group and the third group is prepared by the steps of example 5, comparative example 1 and comparative example 4 respectively.
The feeding method comprises the following steps:
in the first month of gestation, the same as the non-pregnant diet habit, the amount of the fine feed is 0.4kg, the fresh grass is 1.0kg, and the silage is 1.0kg per day, and the feed is fed three times a day;
in the second month of gestation, the grazing frequency is reduced, the goat inhabitation room keeps the air humidity at 30-35%, the daily average air temperature is 26-28 ℃, the air is smooth, the room is disinfected once every two weeks, the amount of fed fine fodder is 0.5kg, the fresh grass is 1.0kg, the silage is 1.0kg per day, and the goat inhabitation room is fed three times a day;
in the third month of gestation, stopping grazing from the second month, feeding concentrated feed in an amount of 0.8kg, fresh grass in an amount of 0.5kg, silage in an amount of 0.9kg per day for three times per day until delivery is finished;
in the fourth month of gestation, the concentrated feed is obviously increased, the amount of the concentrated feed is 1.4kg, the fresh grass is 0.3kg, the silage is 0.5kg per day, and the concentrated feed is fed for four times a day;
in the fifth month of gestation period until parturition, 1.6kg of concentrate feed, 0.1kg of fresh grass and 0.3kg of silage are fed for four times a day.
The silage is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of corn straw, 20 parts of cassia grass No. 1 wangcao, 15 parts of feed mulberry leaf, 8 parts of bellflower, 3 parts of composite mineral, 1 part of amino acid, 0.6 part of cane sugar and 1 part of second leavening agent; the second leavening agent is a mixture of trametes robusta, phellinus igniarius, clostridium thermocellum, chrysosporium altivelis and erwinia rhapontici, and the weight ratio of the trametes robusta, the phellinus igniarius, the clostridium thermocellum, the chrysosporium altivelis and the erwinia rhapontici is (2: 2): 3: 2: 1; the compound mineral substance is a mixture of calcium, phosphorus, sodium, copper, iron, silicon, manganese, cobalt, iodine and selenium, wherein the ratio of calcium, phosphorus, sodium, copper, iron, silicon, manganese, cobalt, iodine and selenium is 2:2: 2:0.6:0.5:0.4:0.4:0.4:0.3: 0.2.
The preparation method of the silage comprises the following steps:
1) respectively cleaning and drying corn straws, the grass of king grass No. 1, feed mulberry leaves and bellflower until the water content is 60-75%, then respectively cutting the dried corn straws, the grass of king grass No. 1, the feed mulberry leaves and the bellflower into fragments with the length of 1-2cm to respectively obtain corn straw fragments, grass of king grass No. 1, feed mulberry leaves fragments and bellflower fragments, and mixing the raw material fragments to obtain a mixture I;
2) adding the compound mineral, amino acid and sucrose into the mixture I obtained in the step 1) respectively, and stirring to uniformly mix the substances to obtain a mixture II;
3) weighing sterile water with 25 times of a second leavening agent, adding the second leavening agent into the sterile water, and fully stirring to uniformly mix the leavening agent and the sterile water to obtain diluted bacteria liquid;
4) adding the diluted bacterial liquid obtained in the step 3) into the mixture II obtained in the step 2), and fully stirring to uniformly mix the diluted bacterial liquid and the mixture II to obtain a mixture III; and compacting the mixture III, sealing the mixture by using a plastic film, and placing the mixture in a container for fermentation at the temperature of 30 ℃ for 5 days to obtain the silage.
The abortion rate of the nanny goat due to infection with brucellosis, salmonellosis, chlamydiosis, toxoplasmosis or other diseases was counted by feeding the nanny goat in the above feeding manner until parturition, and the results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2: abortion rate of ewe
| Example 5 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 4 | |
| Prevalence (%) | 0 | 40％ | 20％ |
As can be seen from the results in tables 1 and 2, the concentrated feed prepared by the invention not only can exert the nutritional values of rapeseed cakes, cassava alcohol residues and jasmine flower residues, but also is beneficial to the medicinal value of sweet wormwood, improves the resistance and health of ewes and reduces the invasion of diseases. The concentrated feed prepared in comparative example 1 had insufficient degradation of anti-nutritional factors, and the fed ewes had increased illness and discomfort, presumably due to the fact that the addition of common salt during the adjustment period of the mixed bacteria affected the rate of entering the log phase and the stationary phase, and the artemisia apiacea, which did not undergo warm-heat neutralization, was not good for the bodies of the pregnant ewes. The ewe fed the concentrate prepared in comparative example 4 had poor resistance, which is presumed to be due to the lack of addition of artemisia apiacea, affecting the disease prevention effect.
The average body weight (fasting) and average chest circumference of the ewes on days 0, 100 and 150 of the feeding of the ewes during the feeding according to the above-described feeding pattern were measured, and the results are shown in tables 3 and 4.
Table 3: weight change of ewe
Table 4: variation of chest circumference of ewe
| Example 5 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 4 | |
| Day 0 bust (cm) | 65.82±2.04 | 66.10±3.13 | 65.82±3.04 |
| Day 100 bra (cm) | 68.98±3.19 | 67.72±2.91 | 67.93±2.82 |
| Bra (cm) on day 150 | 70.02±4.23 | 68.95±4.08 | 69.07±3.11 |
The average data in tables 3 and 4 are for sheep deprived of miscarriage during feeding to reduce the effect of miscarriage on the statistics. As can be seen from the results in tables 3 and 4, the feeding mode of the present invention can meet the growth requirements of pregnant sheep, but the prepared concentrated feed has great weight difference, and the prepared concentrated feed highlights the advantages of various aspects such as nutrition, absorption and resistance of pregnant ewes.
While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not intended to be limited to the details shown, particular embodiments, but rather to those skilled in the art, and it is to be understood that the invention is capable of use in various other applications and its several details are capable of modifications in various obvious respects, all without departing from the general concept as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. The goat concentrated feed is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-45 parts of corn, 20-30 parts of sugarcane top, 15-25 parts of earthworm powder, 8-10 parts of spirulina powder, 5-10 parts of jasmine flower residue, 3-6 parts of rapeseed cake, 10-20 parts of cassava alcohol residue, 5-8 parts of sweet wormwood herb, 1-2 parts of cane sugar, 1-2 parts of salt, 0.2-0.5 part of ginger and 1.5-2.5 parts of a first fermenting agent, wherein the first fermenting agent comprises aspergillus niger, actinomycetes, lactobacillus corylus, cellulase and chrysosporium hominis in a weight ratio of 1:0.5:1-1.5:1-1.5: 0.5-1.
2. The goat concentrated feed as claimed in claim 1, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of corn, 20 parts of sugarcane top, 20 parts of earthworm powder, 8 parts of spirulina powder, 5 parts of jasmine flower residues, 3 parts of rapeseed cakes, 10 parts of cassava alcohol residues, 5 parts of sweet wormwood, 2 parts of sucrose, 2 parts of salt, 0.5 part of ginger and 2 parts of a first fermenting agent, wherein the first fermenting agent comprises aspergillus niger, actinomycetes, lactobacillus corylus, cellulase and Gordonia spore in a weight ratio of 1:0.5:1:1: 1.
3. The method for preparing the goat concentrated feed is characterized by adopting the raw materials as in claim 1 or 2 and comprising the following steps:
step one, preparing salt into saturated salt water, adding crushed ginger and sweet wormwood into the saturated salt water, soaking for 8-10 hours, filtering, crushing the filtered material to obtain a material A, and cooling the filtrate after the filtrate is rolled to obtain a filtrate A;
step two, uniformly mixing the rapeseed cakes, the cassava alcohol residues, the material A and the cane sugar for 10-20 minutes to obtain a material B, then mixing half of the first leavening agent with 30-40 times of sterile water to obtain a diluted bacterial liquid, adding the diluted bacterial liquid into the material B, uniformly mixing, and standing and fermenting for 3-5 days in a sealed manner at the temperature of 30-35 ℃ to obtain a first fermented material;
step three, adding the filtrate A and jasmine flower residues into the first fermentation material, uniformly mixing, sealing and fermenting for 12-24 hours, then adding the other half of the first fermentation agent, uniformly stirring in a sealed state, and standing and fermenting for 2-3 days to obtain a second fermentation material;
and step four, uniformly mixing the crushed sugarcane leaves, the crushed corns, the crushed earthworm powder and the spirulina powder with the second fermentation material, drying, sterilizing and granulating to obtain the feed.
4. Use of the concentrate for pregnant goats, wherein the concentrate prepared in claim 3 is used for feeding pregnant ewes and comprises:
in the first month of gestation, the same as the non-pregnant diet habit, the amount of concentrated feed is 0.4-0.8kg, 1.0-1.5kg of fresh grass and 1.0-1.5kg of silage are fed for three times a day;
in the second month of gestation, the grazing frequency is reduced, the goat inhabitation room keeps the air humidity at 30-35%, the daily average temperature is 26-28 ℃, the air is smooth, the room is disinfected once every two weeks, the amount of the fine fodder fed is 0.5-0.9kg, the fresh grass is 1.0-1.5kg, the silage is 1.0-1.5kg every day, and the goat inhabitation room is fed three times a day;
in the third month of gestation, stopping grazing from the second month, feeding concentrated feed in an amount of 0.8-1.5kg, fresh grass in an amount of 0.5-1.0kg, and silage in an amount of 0.9-1.3kg every day for three times a day until delivery is finished;
in the fourth month of gestation, the concentrated feed is obviously increased, the amount of the concentrated feed fed is 1.4-2.5kg, the fresh grass is 0.3-0.5kg, the silage is 0.5-0.7kg per day, and the concentrated feed is fed for four times a day;
in the fifth month of gestation period until parturition, 1.6-2.8kg of concentrated feed, 0.1-0.2kg of fresh grass, and 0.3-0.5kg of silage are fed for four times per day.
5. The use of the concentrate as claimed in claim 4 in pregnant goats, wherein the silage is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-35 parts of corn straw, 20-25 parts of Guicao No. 1 herb, 15-20 parts of feed mulberry leaf, 8-12 parts of bellflower, 3-5 parts of composite mineral, 1-3 parts of amino acid, 0.6-1.2 parts of cane sugar and 1-3 parts of second leavening agent; the second leavening agent is a mixture of trametes robusta, phellinus igniarius, clostridium thermocellum, chrysosporium altivelis and erwinia rhapontici, and the weight ratio of the trametes robusta, the phellinus igniarius, the clostridium thermocellum, the chrysosporium altivelis and the erwinia rhapontici is (2-3: 2-3): 3-6: 2-4:1-3.
6. The concentrate for pregnant goats according to claim 5, wherein the complex mineral is a mixture of calcium, phosphorus, sodium, copper, iron, silicon, manganese, cobalt, iodine and selenium in a ratio of 2:2: 2:0.6:0.5:0.4:0.4:0.4:0.3: 0.2.
7. The use of the concentrate as claimed in claim 6 in pregnant goats, wherein the raw material ingredients as claimed in claim 5 or 6 are used and the silage is prepared by a process comprising the steps of:
1) respectively cleaning corn straws, the grass of king grass No. 1, feed mulberry leaves and the bellflower, drying until the water content is 60-75%, then respectively cutting the dried corn straws, the grass of king grass No. 1, the feed mulberry leaves and the bellflower into segments with the length of 1-2cm to respectively obtain corn straw segments, grass of king grass No. 1, feed mulberry leaves segments and bellflower segments, and mixing the segments of the raw materials to obtain a mixture I;
2) adding the compound mineral, amino acid and sucrose into the mixture I obtained in the step 1) respectively, and stirring to uniformly mix the substances to obtain a mixture II;
3) weighing sterile water 25-30 times of a second leavening agent, adding the second leavening agent into the sterile water, and fully stirring to uniformly mix the leavening agent and the sterile water to obtain diluted bacteria liquid;
4) adding the diluted bacterial liquid obtained in the step 3) into the mixture II obtained in the step 2), and fully stirring to uniformly mix the diluted bacterial liquid and the mixture II to obtain a mixture III; and compacting the mixture III, sealing the mixture by using a plastic film, and placing the mixture in a container for fermentation at the temperature of 20-35 ℃ for 5-10 days to obtain the silage.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103229900A (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2013-08-07 | 蚌埠大成食品有限公司 | Weaned lamb forage and preparation method thereof |
| CN107897574A (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2018-04-13 | 熊国顺 | Improve the bream feed of disease resistance |
| CN108990899A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-12-14 | 广西壮族自治区牧草工作站 | A kind of ecological cultivation method of goat |
| CN109007263A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-12-18 | 广西壮族自治区牧草工作站 | A kind of paper mulberry ensilage and preparation method thereof |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103229900A (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2013-08-07 | 蚌埠大成食品有限公司 | Weaned lamb forage and preparation method thereof |
| CN107897574A (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2018-04-13 | 熊国顺 | Improve the bream feed of disease resistance |
| CN108990899A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-12-14 | 广西壮族自治区牧草工作站 | A kind of ecological cultivation method of goat |
| CN109007263A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-12-18 | 广西壮族自治区牧草工作站 | A kind of paper mulberry ensilage and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20220819 |