CN113133499A - Method for improving metabolism, immunity and milk quality of dairy cow organism - Google Patents
Method for improving metabolism, immunity and milk quality of dairy cow organism Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
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- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving the metabolism, immunity and milk quality of a cow organism, which comprises the following steps: mixing Lesfurtian, selenium-enriched yeast and feed; feeding milk cow with feed containing Lesifu yeast and selenium-rich yeast. According to the invention, through adding the lasoform yeast and the selenium-enriched yeast into the feed, the immunity of the dairy cow can be improved, the quality of the dairy cow can be improved, the stability of a rumen microflora is facilitated, the normal physiological function of the dairy cow is maintained, the nutrition metabolism level is improved, the immunity performance is improved, the production performance is improved, and other multiple effects are achieved, the problems of residue and biological drug resistance are solved, the feed has the advantages of simple operation, low cost, high safety, no drug resistance and the like, the metabolism, the immunity and the milk quality of the dairy cow can be effectively improved, and the feed has very important significance for improving the health of the dairy cow, realizing better development of animal husbandry and improving income of herdsman.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for improving the metabolism, the immunity and the milk quality of a cow organism.
Background
With the increasing demand of livestock and poultry products and the improvement of the quality requirements of the livestock and poultry products, livestock and poultry breeding enterprises are prompted to meet the market demands by continuously improving the breeding level, and the quality improvement of the feed is the key for improving the breeding level. At present, the additive is applied to the production of livestock and poultry in a large amount, the additive can strengthen the nutritive value of basic feed, improve the production performance of animals, ensure the health of the animals, reduce the feeding cost and improve the quality of livestock and poultry products, and the traditional additives such as antibiotics, hormones and the like play a role which is not negligible, but have obvious defect problems, including:
(1) if antibiotics, hormones and other substances are used for a long time, pathogenic microorganisms can have drug resistance, and particularly: the low-dose use of antibiotics and hormones by animals for a long time, whether used as feed additives or preventive medicaments, causes the screening of the ecological environment for drug-resistant bacteria more than the short-time large-dose treatment medicaments, and drug-resistant genes in bacteria can be mutually transmitted among bacteria in people, bacteria in animal groups and bacteria in the ecological system, so that the drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria can be generated, and the treatment failure of infectious diseases of human beings and animals can be caused.
(2) The livestock product has drug residues, which brings harm to human health, particularly: in the physiological metabolic process of animal growth and development, there may be some "bypass metabolism" similar to the secondary metabolism of microorganisms, and these metabolic products are not related to animal growth and development, thus causing the waste of nutrients. The antibiotic as a secondary metabolite will play a role in feedback inhibition and feedback inhibition on the bypass metabolism, so as to promote the primary metabolism, thereby increasing the residue in the body; the hormone feed additive commonly used in animal husbandry production mainly comprises two major growth hormones, such as sex hormone, growth hormone and the like, is a protein hormone secreted by anterior lobe of animal pituitary gland, and promotes protein synthesis and fat decomposition in metabolism. Experiments show that the milk yield can be improved by 10 to 20 percent by injecting the hormone into the dairy cattle; sex hormones, which enhance the synthesis of proteins and thus enhance the residues in the body.
Therefore, the method which is simple to operate, low in cost, high in safety, free of drug resistance and capable of effectively improving the metabolism, the immunity and the milk quality of the dairy cow organism is obtained, and the method has very important significance for obtaining high-quality and pollution-free green milk products and realizing better development of animal husbandry.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides the method which is simple to operate, low in cost, high in safety, free of drug resistance and capable of effectively improving the metabolism, the immunity and the milk quality of the dairy cow organism.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a method for improving the metabolism, immunity and milk quality of a cow organism comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing the Lesfurtian yeast, the selenium-enriched yeast and the feed;
s2, feeding the dairy cow with the feed added with the Lesford yeast and the selenium-enriched yeast in the step S1.
In the above method, further improvement, in the step S1, the addition amount of the lasoform yeast is 0.05% -0.10% of the feed mass; the addition amount of the selenium-enriched yeast is 0.05-0.40% of the mass of the feed.
In a further improvement of the above method, in step S1, the viable count of the Lesford yeast is 1.5 × 1010cfu/g; the selenium-enriched yeast contains Se 0.1-3 wt% and water<6wt％。
In the above method, further improvement, in step S1, the nutrient level in the feed includes:
in the above method, further improvement is that in the step S1, the feed comprises the following components by mass percent:
the premix comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.57% of fat powder, 0.49% of baking soda, 0.27% of Youmedan, 0.17% of magnesium oxide, 0.03% of polycosanol, 0.03% of Yikangtai, 0.03% of Beamecarb, 0.03% of lysine, 0.02% of methionine and 0.02% of chromium propionate.
In a further improvement of the method, in step S2, the cow is a holstein cow or a jersey cow in the lactation period.
In the step S2, the dairy cow is fed in a free feeding mode, and the feeding is performed once in the morning and at night every day for 35 days.
In the step S2, the daily remainder amount is controlled to be 5% -10% of the feeding amount during the feeding process of the dairy cow.
In the above method, further improvement, in the step S2, the feeding process of the dairy cow further includes feeding the dairy cow with the feed for 10 days before feeding the lasoform yeast and the selenium-enriched yeast.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the invention provides a method for improving the metabolism, the immunity and the milk quality of a cow organism. In the invention, the Lesfurtian and the selenium-enriched yeast are added into the feed, so that the feed has the following advantages: (a) the feed intake of the dairy cow in the early lactation period and the middle lactation period can be improved, and the lactation efficiency of the dairy cow can be improved; (b) the milk quality improving agent can improve the content of milk protein and lactose in milk at the early lactation stage and the content of milk fat and milk protein in milk at the middle lactation stage, thereby effectively improving the nutrient content in the milk; (c) can improve the content of blood sugar and total protein in blood of early lactation period of the dairy cow, can improve the content of cholesterol, blood sugar, lactate dehydrogenase, triglyceride and total protein of the dairy cow in the middle lactation period, the higher content of the blood sugar indicates that the energy obtained by the dairy cow is sufficient, the higher content of the total protein indicates that the decomposition of the protein in the gastrointestinal tract of the dairy cow is promoted, the digestibility of the protein in the feed is favorably improved, the higher content of the cholesterol and the triglyceride indicates that the lipid metabolism of the dairy cow is effectively improved and the digestibility of the fat in the feed is improved, the higher content of the lactate dehydrogenase indicates that the degradation of lactic acid is enhanced, and the rumen acidosis generated due to the accumulation of the lactic acid is favorably relieved, thereby reducing the influence on the health of the dairy cow, namely the added Lesfurtian and the selenium-enriched yeast has the effects of promoting the digestive metabolism of the dairy cow and enhancing the digestion of nutrient substances, preventing the cow from acidosis and the like; (d) the immune globulin content in the blood of the milk cow in the early and middle lactation stages can be effectively improved, and the increase of the immune globulin indicates that the added Lesford yeast and the selenium-enriched yeast can improve the immunity of the milk cow and have an important effect on maintaining the health of the milk cow. Therefore, the method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the Lesford yeast and the selenium-enriched yeast are added into the feed, so that the immunity of the dairy cow and the quality of the dairy cow can be improved, the stability of a rumen microflora is facilitated, the important effect on maintaining the normal physiological function of the dairy cow and improving the nutrient metabolism level is achieved, the multiple effects of improving the immunity, improving the production performance and the like are achieved, the problems of residue and biological drug resistance are solved, a high-quality and pollution-free livestock product is expected to be obtained, and the important significance is realized on the development of the animal husbandry and the guarantee of food safety. The method has the advantages of simple operation, low cost, high safety, no drug resistance and the like, can effectively improve the metabolism, the immunity and the milk quality of the dairy cow organism, and has very important significance for improving the health of the dairy cow, realizing better development of animal husbandry and improving the income of herdsman.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to specific preferred embodiments, without thereby limiting the scope of protection of the invention.
The materials and equipment used in the following examples are commercially available. In the examples of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the processes used were conventional processes, the equipment used were conventional equipment, and the data obtained were average values of three or more experiments.
Example 1
A method for improving metabolism, immunity and milk quality of milk cow organism, specifically mixing Lesfurtia rhodozyma and selenium-enriched yeast with different addition amounts with feed, and feeding milk cow, comprises the following steps:
s1, as shown in Table 1, adding different amounts of Lesford yeast (the Lesford yeast is purchased from France Lesford group, the number of viable bacteria is 1.5 multiplied by 1010cfu/g), selenium-enriched yeast (the selenium-enriched yeast product is purchased from Angel Yeast GmbH of China, 2000 ppm; Se content is 0.2%, moisture content is less than 6 wt% and feed (the composition of the feed is shown in Table 2).
TABLE 1 amounts of Lesfurtia and selenium-enriched yeast added for different treatment methods
| Amount of Lesifu yeast added (%) | Addition amount of selenium-enriched Yeast (%) | |
| Test set one | 0.075 | 0.10 |
| Test group two | 0.050 | 0.10 |
| Test group three | 0.100 | 0.10 |
| Test group four | 0.075 | 0.05 |
| Test group five | 0.075 | 0.30 |
| Test group six | 0.075 | 0.40 |
| Control group one | 0 | 0 |
| Control group two | 0.075 | 0 |
| Control group III | 0 | 0.10 |
| Control group IV | 0.075 | AddingChromium-rich yeast in an amount of 0.25% |
| Control group five | 0.075 | Zinc-rich yeast with addition amount of 0.10% |
In table 1, the chromium-rich yeast of control group four was purchased from angel yeast, inc, china, and had a chromium content: 2091.1mg/kg, moisture: 4.0 percent; the zinc-rich yeast is purchased from Angel Yeast GmbH of China, and has the following zinc content: 24793.52mg/kg, moisture: 3.81 percent.
Table 2 composition and nutritional level of feed in example 1
In this example, the premix consisted of the following components: 0.57% of fat powder, 0.49% of baking soda, 0.27% of Youmedan, 0.17% of magnesium oxide, 0.03% of polycosanol, 0.03% of Yikangtai, 0.03% of Beamecarb, 0.03% of lysine, 0.02% of methionine and 0.02% of chromium propionate.
S2, feeding the dairy cow (the Holstein dairy cow in the prophase and the middle period of lactation with the same number of fetuses and similar weight (534 +/-20 kg BW)) with the feed added with the Lesfurt yeast and the selenium-enriched yeast in the step S1, and specifically comprises the following steps: the feed is fed at fixed points, and the water is freely drunk and the food is freely taken. Feeding at 06:00 and 17:00 every day, and controlling the daily residual material amount to be 5-10% of the fed material amount. The test cattle are subjected to anthelmintic, immune and the like according to a normal immune procedure. The test period is 45 days, wherein the first 10 days are pre-feeding periods and only feed is fed; and feeding the feed with Lesfurters and selenium-enriched yeast in the later 35 days as a positive feeding period.
In the present invention, the basal diet of the experimental cows was formulated in accordance with the National Research Council (United States National Research Council, NRC,2001) nutritional requirements of cows. The daily Ration of the dairy cow is Total Mixed Ration (TMR), and the ratio of the fine and the coarse is 40: 60.
Sample collection
(1) Feed sample Collection
The feed intake was recorded every day from the start of the experiment, and the Average Daily Feed Intake (ADFI) was calculated from the feed intake and the remaining feed intake. TMR is collected before feeding every day, stored at-20 ℃, and analyzed by using a feed analysis method provided by the populin [11], on Dry matter Dry mate, Crude protein, Neutral detergent fiber and the like in the feed respectively.
(2) Milk sample
And (3) collecting the milk samples at 30-35 d of the test period, collecting 50mL of the milk samples at 05:00 and 17:00 each day, mixing the milk samples collected twice in equal volume, and recording the daily milk yield. After the milk sample is collected, the milk sample is immediately sent back to a laboratory, and conventional ingredients such as milk fat, milk protein, lactose, total solid matters, non-fat solid matters and the like in the milk are measured and analyzed by using a Basic Unit MilkoScan FT + Type 76150 instrument.
(3) Biochemical index of blood
At day 35 of the official period, 6:00 the 0h before feeding and the 2h and 6h after feeding, blood samples of the test Holstein cow are collected through the tail root vein by using an anticoagulant vacuum blood collection tube containing heparin sodium. After the blood sample was collected, it was immediately centrifuged (3000 r/min, 4 ℃ C., 10min), and plasma was collected and stored at-20 ℃. The detection and analysis of glutamic pyruvic transaminase (ALT), Cholesterol (TC), Glucose (Glu), Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), Triglyceride (TG), Total Protein (TP), IgA, IgM and IgG in plasma were performed using a fully automatic biochemical analyzer (CX 4, beckman coulter, usa) and a related kit (tokyo institute for bioengineering).
(4) Statistical analysis
All data are firstly subjected to preliminary arrangement by Excel software, statistical analysis is carried out by using SAS 8.02 version software ANOVA and GLM programs, multiple comparison is carried out by adopting a Duncan method, and the statistical difference significance level is set to be that P is less than or equal to 0.05.
The results of the effect of addition of Lesfurtian and selenium-enriched yeast on the dry matter intake and lactation efficiency of cows are shown in Table 3. As can be seen from Table 3, the addition of Lesfurtian and selenium-enriched yeast improves the feed intake of the dairy cow in the early and middle lactation periods, and also improves the lactation efficiency of the dairy cow.
TABLE 3 influence of different treatment modalities on dry matter intake and lactation efficiency of cows
The results of the effect of adding Lesfurters and selenium-enriched yeasts on milk production and milk quality of cows are shown in Table 4. As can be seen from Table 4, the addition of Lesfurtian and selenium-enriched yeast increased the content of milk protein and lactose in the milk at the early stage of lactation; the Lesfurtian and the selenium-enriched yeast are added to the milk cow in the middle lactation period, so that the contents of milk fat and milk protein in the milk are effectively improved. In conclusion, the invention can effectively improve the nutrient content in the milk.
TABLE 4 influence of different treatment modalities on milk quality of cows
The results of the effect of adding Lesfurtian and selenium-enriched yeast on the biochemical indicators of the milk cow blood are shown in Table 5. It can be seen from table 5 that the addition of lasoform and selenium-enriched yeast increased the blood glucose and total protein content in the blood of the cow at the early lactation stage, while the addition of lasoform and selenium-enriched yeast increased the cholesterol, blood glucose, lactate dehydrogenase, triglyceride and total protein content at the mid-lactation stage. Blood sugar is an energy source substance and can provide energy supply for cows. The total protein in the blood is an important index of the protein metabolism of the dairy cow, and the content of the total protein is increased, which shows that the addition of the Lesford yeast and the selenium-enriched yeast promotes the decomposition of the protein in the gastrointestinal tract of the dairy cow, and is favorable for improving the digestibility of the protein in the feed. Cholesterol and triglycerides are important indicators of the lipid metabolism of dairy cows. The increase of the contents of cholesterol and triglyceride shows that the addition of the Lesford yeast and the selenium-enriched yeast effectively improves the lipid metabolism of the dairy cows, and simultaneously shows that the digestibility of the fat in the feed is improved. Lactate dehydrogenase is secreted by microorganisms in the rumen due to degradation of lactic acid. The rise of lactate dehydrogenase shows that the degradation of lactic acid is enhanced, and the lactic acid is favorable for generating rumenic acidosis due to the accumulation of lactic acid, so that the health of the dairy cows is influenced. In conclusion, the added Lesifu yeast and the selenium-enriched yeast have the functions of promoting the digestive metabolism of the dairy cows, enhancing the digestion of nutrient substances, preventing the acidosis of the dairy cows and the like.
TABLE 5 Effect of different treatment modalities on the Biochemical index of cow blood
The results of the effect of the addition of Lesfurtian and selenium-enriched yeast on the immunoglobulin content of the cow plasma are shown in Table 6. As can be seen from Table 6, the addition of Lesfurtian and selenium-enriched yeast can effectively increase the content of immunoglobulin in the blood of the dairy cows in the early and middle lactation periods. The immune globulin is an immune factor in blood, and the rise of the immune globulin shows that the added Lesford yeast and the selenium-enriched yeast can improve the immunity of the dairy cow and have an important effect on maintaining the health of the dairy cow.
TABLE 6 influence of different treatment modalities on the immunoglobulin content in cow plasma
Therefore, the method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the Lesford yeast and the selenium-enriched yeast are added into the feed, so that the immunity of the dairy cow can be improved, the quality of the dairy cow can be improved, the stability of a rumen microflora is facilitated, the important effect on maintaining the normal physiological function of the dairy cow and improving the nutrient metabolism level is realized, the multiple effects of improving the immunity, improving the production performance and the like are realized, the problems of residue and biological drug resistance are solved, a high-quality and pollution-free livestock product is expected to be obtained, and the important significance is realized on the development of the animal husbandry and the guarantee of the food safety.
The above examples are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above examples. All technical schemes belonging to the idea of the invention belong to the protection scope of the invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and such modifications and embellishments should also be considered as within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for improving the metabolism, the immunity and the milk quality of a cow organism is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, mixing the Lesfurtian yeast, the selenium-enriched yeast and the feed;
s2, feeding the dairy cow with the feed added with the Lesford yeast and the selenium-enriched yeast in the step S1.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the addition amount of the Leusvorax is 0.05-0.10% of the feed mass; the addition amount of the selenium-enriched yeast is 0.05-0.40% of the mass of the feed.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the first and second light sources are selected from the group consisting of,wherein in step S1, the viable count of the Lesford yeast is 1.5 × 1010cfu/g; the selenium-enriched yeast contains Se 0.1-3 wt% and water<6wt％。
4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in step S1, the nutrient level in the feed comprises:
5. the method according to claim 4, wherein in the step S1, the feed comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
the premix comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.57% of fat powder, 0.49% of baking soda, 0.27% of Youmedan, 0.17% of magnesium oxide, 0.03% of polycosanol, 0.03% of Yikangtai, 0.03% of Beamecarb, 0.03% of lysine, 0.02% of methionine and 0.02% of chromium propionate.
6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in step S2, the cow is a Holstein cow or Jersey cow in the lactation period.
7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the dairy cow is fed in free feed in the feeding process of step S2, and the feeding is carried out once a day in the morning and at night for 35 days.
8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in the step S2, the daily remainder is controlled to be 5-10% of the fed material amount during the feeding process of the cow.
9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in the step S2, the feeding process of the dairy cow further comprises feeding the dairy cow with a feed for 10 days before feeding the Lesfurtian yeast and the selenium-enriched yeast.
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