CN114904780A

CN114904780A - Grape sorting and storing method

Info

Publication number: CN114904780A
Application number: CN202210393619.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李桂荣; 韩菲菲; 高换超; 许雯雯; 扈惠灵
Original assignee: Henan Institute of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Henan Institute of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2022-04-14
Filing date: 2022-04-14
Publication date: 2022-08-16
Anticipated expiration: 2042-04-14
Also published as: CN114904780B

Abstract

The invention discloses a grape sorting and storing method which comprises support legs and fixed columns, wherein sorting grooves are welded at the top ends of the support legs, four baffle plates are welded in inner cavities of the sorting grooves, four rectangular through holes are formed in the inner walls of the bottoms of the sorting grooves, circular pipes are sleeved inside the rectangular through holes, gear rings are welded on the outer rings of the circular pipes, and transmission shafts are sleeved on the right sides of the circular pipes. According to the grape sorting device, the grapes are blocked by the baffles which are arranged in a layered and degressive mode, the grapes with different particle sizes are blocked by utilizing the distance between the baffles and the inner wall of the bottom of the sorting tank, so that the grapes are sorted, meanwhile, after the grapes are sorted, the grapes at the corresponding positions can fall into the circular pipe from the overlapped parts of the two through holes by utilizing the coincidence of the through holes and the rectangular through holes, the grapes are collected into the collecting tanks at different positions by utilizing the auger, and therefore the grapes can be sorted in the rolling process of the grapes.

Description

Grape sorting and storing method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of grape sorting equipment, in particular to a grape sorting and storing method.

Background

Grape is a common fruit in life, the whole bunch of grapes is packaged from picking to packaging, compared with some varieties of grapes which are rare and expensive, the grape is usually picked and divided into single grapes, then the single grapes with different particle sizes are sorted and uniformly packaged, for the type of sorting, the existing grape sorting equipment cannot effectively sort the grapes, the problem that the grapes with different particle sizes are mixed together easily exists, the problem that the single grape after sorting is not easy to store exists, and for the problem, a grape sorting and storing method is provided.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a grape sorting and storing method to solve the defects in the technology.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a grape sorting and storing method comprises support legs and a fixed column, wherein a sorting groove is welded at the top end of each support leg, four baffle plates are welded in an inner cavity of the sorting groove, four rectangular through holes are formed in the inner wall of the bottom of the sorting groove, a circular tube is sleeved inside each rectangular through hole, gear rings are welded on the outer ring of each circular tube, a transmission shaft is sleeved on the right side of each circular tube, a packing auger is welded on the outer ring of each transmission shaft inside the circular tube, a third gear is welded on the outer ring of each transmission shaft outside the circular tube, a placing frame is welded at the top of each fixed column, four asynchronous motors are fixedly mounted on the surface of the top of the placing frame through bolts, the output ends of the asynchronous motors are fixedly connected with one ends of the transmission shafts far away from the circular tubes through couplers, a rotating shaft is rotatably connected to one side of the placing frame close to the circular tubes, a first gear and a second gear are respectively welded on the outer rings of the rotating shafts, and the first gear is meshed with the third gear, the second gear and the ring gear are engaged with each other.

As a preferred scheme of the invention, the baffles are equidistantly arranged in the inner cavity of the sorting tank, that is, from left to right, and the distance between the bottom of each baffle and the inner wall of the bottom of the sorting tank is smaller and smaller.

As a preferable scheme of the invention, the back of the support leg is welded with a connecting plate, the back of the connecting plate is welded with four grape collecting boxes, and the grape collecting boxes are positioned under the opening of the circular tube.

As a preferable scheme of the invention, through holes for the grapes to enter are formed in the top of each circular tube.

According to a preferable scheme of the invention, a defective product box for defective grapes to enter is welded on the right side of the sorting groove, and a slope is formed at the joint of the right side of the sorting groove and the defective product box.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a gear ratio of the third gear to the first gear is 1: 3, the gear ratio of the second gear to the gear ring is 3: 1.

as a preferable scheme of the invention, the method further comprises the following sorting process:

placing the grapes to be sorted into the sorting groove, enabling the inner part of the grape re-sorting groove to roll from left to right, or rolling one grape by means of wind power of a blower, wherein the distance between the bottom of the baffle and the inner wall of the bottom of the sorting groove is smaller and smaller, so that the grape blocked by the first baffle is the largest, and the diameter of the grape is smaller and smaller backwards;

meanwhile, in the process of rolling the grapes, the four asynchronous motors on the placement frame are synchronously controlled to rotate through the intelligent frequency converter, the output ends of the asynchronous motors rotate the transmission shaft at a constant speed, so that the third gear is rotated, the rotating shaft is rotated by means of the meshing relation of the third gear and the first gear, the second gear rotates the gear ring on the outer ring of the circular pipe, and the circular pipe is rotated by the gear ring within a small range and in a small amplitude, so that the top opening of the circular pipe is overlapped with the rectangular through hole in the inner wall of the bottom of the sorting groove;

the grapes stopped by the baffle fall into the inner part of the round tube, the transmission shaft pulls the packing auger to rotate in the rotating process, the grapes falling into the round tube are conveyed into the grape collecting box, the asynchronous motor is an asynchronous motor, the asynchronous motor rotates for two circles and then rotates for two circles, the opening and the rectangular through hole in the round tube are in a non-coincident state again, the grapes can be stopped by the baffle again and stacked, meanwhile, the packing auger stops conveying the grapes, personnel can simply observe and inspect the grapes sorted in the grape collecting box until the baffle on the rightmost side cannot stop the grapes, the grapes at the moment are defined as defective products, and the defective grapes fall into the inner part of the defective product box along the slope on the right side of the sorting groove.

As a preferable aspect of the present invention, the method further includes:

firstly, the sorted grapes are sealed with a film, small bags with the length of 40 cm and the width of 30 cm are pressed by using a polyethylene film with the thickness of 0.04-0.06 mm in a film bag storage mode, 1.5-2 kg of fruits are packaged in each bag, then the bag opening is tied, the small bags are placed in shallow boxes with sawdust or broken straws with the thickness of 4-5 cm on the bottom, only one layer of fruits is placed in each box, the boxes are placed in a cold room or a storage warehouse, a wooden box can be moved during inspection, but the bags cannot be opened, 3-4 layers of soft paper are lined on the bottom plate and the periphery of each box, storage bags formed by pressing films with the thickness of 0.04-0.06 mm are placed, pre-cooled fruit clusters are loaded, 10-15 kg of each bag is filled with a plurality of preservatives, the bag openings are sealed, then the fruit boxes are piled in the warehouse, or vertical columns in the warehouse are erected, a pole is erected on the frame for 30 cm, a curtain is laid on the pole, the fine bamboo or straw mat is laid, the fruit clusters are horizontally placed on the pole in a string at intervals, one layer of fruit ears is placed on each layer.

In the technical scheme, the invention provides the following technical effects and advantages:

according to the grape sorting device, the grapes are blocked by the baffles which are arranged in a layered and degressive mode, the grapes with different particle sizes are blocked by utilizing the distance between the baffles and the inner wall of the bottom of the sorting tank, so that the grapes are sorted, meanwhile, after the grapes are sorted, the grapes at the corresponding positions can fall into the circular pipe from the overlapped parts of the two through holes by utilizing the coincidence of the through holes and the rectangular through holes, the grapes are collected into the collecting tanks at different positions by utilizing the auger, and therefore the grapes can be sorted in the rolling process of the grapes.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art according to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a sorting device in a grape sorting and storing method according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of a sorting apparatus in the method for sorting and storing grapes according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a partially exploded structure of a sorting apparatus in the method for sorting and storing grapes according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a local explosion structure of a sorting device in the method for sorting and storing grapes according to the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a partially enlarged structure of a portion a in fig. 3 in a grape sorting and storing method according to the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

1. a support leg; 2. a sorting tank; 3. a baffle plate; 4. a defective product box; 5. an asynchronous motor; 6. placing a rack; 7. fixing a column; 8. a grape collection box; 9. a connecting plate; 10. a circular tube; 11. a packing auger; 12. an intelligent frequency converter; 13. a rectangular through hole; 14. a first gear; 15. a rotating shaft; 16. a second gear; 17. a ring gear; 18. a drive shaft; 19. a third gear.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solution and implementation of the present invention more clearly explained and illustrated, several preferred embodiments for implementing the technical solution of the present invention are described below.

The following description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the present disclosure, application, or uses. It should be understood that throughout the drawings, identical or similar reference numerals indicate identical or similar parts and features. The drawings are only schematic representations of the concepts and principles of embodiments of the disclosure, and do not necessarily show specific dimensions and proportions of the various embodiments of the disclosure. While certain features of the present disclosure may be shown in exaggerated form in certain drawings to illustrate relevant details or structures of embodiments of the disclosure, the various publications, patents, and published patent specifications cited herein, the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety, will now be described in detail, in connection with the embodiments of the disclosure which are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, it being understood that the illustrated embodiments are merely some of the embodiments of the disclosure.

In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "first", "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; the term "plurality" means two or more unless specified or indicated otherwise; the terms "connected" and "fixed" are used broadly, and for example, "connected" may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like used in the embodiments of the present application are described with reference to the angles shown in the drawings, and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present application. In addition, in this context, it will also be understood that when an element is referred to as being "on" or "under" another element, it can be directly on "or" under "the other element or be indirectly on" or "under" the other element via an intermediate element.

Example one

Referring to the attached figures 1-5 of the specification, a grape sorting and preservation method comprises the following steps:

the automatic sorting machine comprises a support leg 1 and a fixed column 7, wherein a sorting groove 2 is welded at the top end of the support leg 1, four baffle plates 3 are welded in an inner cavity of the sorting groove 2, four rectangular through holes 13 are formed in the inner wall of the bottom of the sorting groove 2, a circular tube 10 is sleeved inside each rectangular through hole 13, a gear ring 17 is welded on the outer ring of each circular tube 10, a transmission shaft 18 is sleeved on the right side of each circular tube 10, a packing auger 11 is welded on the outer ring of each transmission shaft 18 inside the circular tube 10, a third gear 19 is welded on the outer ring of each transmission shaft 18 outside the circular tube 10, a placing frame 6 is welded at the top of each fixed column 7, four asynchronous motors 5 are fixedly installed on the surface of the top of each placing frame 6 through bolts, the output ends of the asynchronous motors 5 are fixedly connected with one ends, far away from the circular tubes 10, of the transmission shafts 18 through couplings, a rotating shaft 15 is rotatably connected on one side, and a first gear 14 and a second gear 16 are respectively welded on the outer ring of the rotating shaft 15, and first gear 14 and third gear 19 intermeshing, second gear 16 and ring gear 17 intermeshing, baffle 3 equidistance is arranged in the inner chamber of letter sorting groove 2, from left to right promptly, the bottom of baffle 3 and the bottom inner wall interval of letter sorting groove 2 are littleer and littleer, the back welding of stabilizer blade 1 has connecting plate 9, the back welding of connecting plate 9 has four grape collecting box 8, and grape collecting box 8 is located the pipe 10 opening part under, the through-hole that supplies the grape to get into is all seted up at the top of pipe 10, the right side welding of letter sorting groove 2 has the substandard product case 4 that supplies the substandard product grape to get into, and the slope has been seted up with the junction of substandard product case 4 on the right side of letter sorting groove 2, the tooth ratio of third gear 19 and first gear 14 is 1: 3, and the gear ratio of the second gear 16 to the ring gear 17 is 3: 1.

example two

Based on the first embodiment, the grapes to be sorted are placed into the sorting groove 2, the inner portion of the grape re-sorting groove 2 rolls from left to right, or one grape rolls by means of wind power of a blower, and the distance between the bottom of the baffle plate 3 and the inner wall of the bottom of the sorting groove 2 is smaller and smaller, so that the grapes blocked by the first baffle plate 3 are maximum, and the diameter of the grapes is smaller and smaller backwards;

meanwhile, in the process of rolling grapes, the four asynchronous motors 5 on the placing rack 6 are synchronously controlled to rotate through the intelligent frequency converter 12, at the moment, the output ends of the asynchronous motors 5 rotate the transmission shaft 18 at a constant speed, so that the third gear 19 is rotated, the rotating shaft 15 is rotated by means of the meshing relation between the third gear 19 and the first gear 14, the second gear 16 rotates the gear ring 17 on the outer ring of the circular pipe 10, at the moment, the gear ring 17 rotates the circular pipe 10 in a small range and in a small amplitude manner, and the top opening of the circular pipe 10 is enabled to be overlapped with the rectangular through hole 13 on the inner wall of the bottom of the sorting groove 2;

the grapes blocked by the baffle plate 3 fall into the inner part of the circular tube 10, the transmission shaft 18 pulls the packing auger 11 to rotate in the rotating process, so that the grapes falling into the circular tube 10 are conveyed into the grape collection box 8, the asynchronous motor 5 rotates for two circles and then rotates for two circles, the opening of the circular tube 10 and the rectangular through hole 13 are in a non-coincident state again, the grapes can be blocked by the baffle plate 3 again to be accumulated, meanwhile, the conveying of the grapes by the packing auger 11 is stopped, so that a person can simply observe and check the grapes sorted in the grape collection box 8, and the grapes are defined as defective until the rightmost baffle plate 3 can not block the grapes, and the defective grapes roll into the inner part of the defective box 4 along the slope on the right side of the sorting groove 2;

then, the sorted grapes are subjected to film sealing treatment, small bags with the length of 40 cm and the width of 30 cm are pressed by using a polyethylene film with the thickness of 0.04-0.06 mm in a film bag storage mode, 1.5-2 kg of fruits are packed in each bag, then the bag opening is tied, the small bags are placed in a shallow box with the bottom padded with sawdust or broken straws with the thickness of 4-5 cm, only one layer of fruits is placed in each box, the box is placed in a cold room or a storage warehouse, a wooden box can be moved during inspection, but the bag cannot be opened, 3-4 layers of soft paper are lined on the bottom plate and the periphery of the fruit box, a storage bag pressed by using a thin film with the thickness of 0.04-0.06 mm is placed, pre-cooled fruit clusters are contained, 10-15 kg of each bag is filled with a plurality of sulfur dioxide preservatives, the bag opening is sealed, then the bag opening is piled in the warehouse, or a vertical column is erected in the warehouse, a 30 cm curtain is erected on the frame, thin bamboo or straw mat is laid on the frame, thin bamboo poles or straw mat is laid on the flat, one layer of fruit ears is placed on each layer.

The working principle of the invention is as follows:

referring to the attached drawings 1 to 5 of the specification, grapes to be sorted are placed into the sorting groove 2, the inner portion of the grape re-sorting groove 2 rolls from left to right, or one grape rolls by means of wind power of a blower, and the distance between the bottom of the baffle plate 3 and the inner wall of the bottom of the sorting groove 2 is smaller and smaller, so that the grape blocked by the first baffle plate 3 is the largest, and the diameter of the grape is smaller and smaller backwards;

meanwhile, in the process of rolling the grapes, the four asynchronous motors 5 on the placing rack 6 are synchronously controlled to rotate through the intelligent frequency converter 12, at the moment, the output ends of the asynchronous motors 5 rotate the transmission shaft 18 at a constant speed, so that the third gear 19 is rotated, the rotating shaft 15 is rotated by means of the meshing relation between the third gear 19 and the first gear 14, the second gear 16 rotates the gear ring 17 on the outer ring of the circular pipe 10, at the moment, the gear ring 17 rotates the circular pipe 10 in a small range and in a small amplitude, so that the top opening of the circular pipe 10 is overlapped with the rectangular through hole 13 on the inner wall of the bottom of the sorting groove 2, at the moment, the grapes blocked by the baffle plate 3 fall into the circular pipe 10, at the same time, the transmission shaft 18 pulls the auger 11 to rotate in the rotating process, so that the grapes falling into the circular pipe 10 are conveyed into the grape collecting box 8, and because the asynchronous motors 5 are asynchronous motors, the asynchronous motors 5 rotate twice, therefore, the opening on the circular tube 10 and the rectangular through hole 13 are in a non-coincident state again, so that the grapes can be blocked by the baffle plate 3 again to be accumulated, and meanwhile, the auger 11 stops conveying the grapes, so that personnel can simply observe and inspect the grapes sorted in the grape collecting box 8;

until the rightmost baffle 3 fails to block the grapes, the grapes at this time will be defined as defective, and the defective grapes will roll down the slope on the right side of the sorting trough 2 into the interior of the defective bin 4.

While certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described above by way of illustration only, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A grape sorting and storing method comprises a support leg (1) and a fixing column (7), and is characterized in that: the top end of the support leg (1) is welded with a sorting groove (2), four baffle plates (3) are welded in an inner cavity of the sorting groove (2), four rectangular through holes (13) are formed in the inner wall of the bottom of the sorting groove (2), circular tubes (10) are sleeved inside the rectangular through holes (13), gear rings (17) are welded on the outer rings of the circular tubes (10), transmission shafts (18) are sleeved on the right sides of the circular tubes (10), packing augers (11) are welded on the outer rings of the transmission shafts (18) inside the circular tubes (10), third gears (19) are welded on the outer rings of the transmission shafts (18) outside the circular tubes (10), a placing frame (6) is welded on the top of the fixed column (7), four asynchronous motors (5) are fixedly installed on the surface of the top of the placing frame (6) through bolts, and the output ends of the asynchronous motors (5) are fixedly connected with one ends of the transmission shafts (18) far away from the circular tubes (10) through shaft couplings, one side of the placing frame (6) close to the circular tube (10) is rotatably connected with a rotating shaft (15), a first gear (14) and a second gear (16) are welded on the outer ring of the rotating shaft (15) respectively, the first gear (14) is meshed with a third gear (19), and the second gear (16) is meshed with a gear ring (17).

2. The method for sorting and storing grapes according to claim 1, wherein: baffle (3) equidistance are arranged in the inner chamber of letter sorting groove (2), from left to right promptly, and the bottom of baffle (3) and the bottom inner wall interval of letter sorting groove (2) are littleer and smaller.

3. The method for sorting and storing grapes according to claim 1, wherein: the back welding of stabilizer blade (1) has connecting plate (9), and the back welding of connecting plate (9) has four grape collecting box (8), and grape collecting box (8) are located pipe (10) opening part under.

4. The method for sorting and storing grapes according to claim 1, wherein: the top of the round pipe (10) is provided with through holes for the grapes to enter.

5. The method for sorting and storing grapes according to claim 1, wherein: the right side welding of letter sorting groove (2) has substandard product case (4) that supply the substandard product grape to get into, and the slope has been seted up with the junction of substandard product case (4) to the right side of letter sorting groove (2).

6. The method for sorting and storing grapes according to claim 1, wherein: the gear ratio of the third gear (19) to the first gear (14) is 1: 3, and the gear ratio of the second gear (16) to the gear ring (17) is 3: 1.

7. the method for sorting and storing grapes according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein: the method also comprises the following sorting process:

placing grapes to be sorted into the sorting groove (2), and enabling the grapes to roll from left to right in the sorting groove (2) or rolling a grape by means of wind power of a blower, wherein the distance between the bottom of the baffle plate (3) and the inner wall of the bottom of the sorting groove (2) is smaller and smaller, so that the grape blocked by the first baffle plate (3) is maximum, and the diameter of the grape is smaller and smaller after the grape is larger;

meanwhile, in the process of rolling grapes, the four asynchronous motors (5) on the placing rack (6) are synchronously controlled to rotate through the intelligent frequency converter (12), the output ends of the asynchronous motors (5) rotate the transmission shaft (18) at a constant speed at the moment so as to rotate the third gear (19), the rotating shaft (15) is rotated by means of the meshing relation between the third gear (19) and the first gear (14), the second gear (16) rotates the gear ring (17) on the outer ring of the circular pipe (10), and the gear ring (17) rotates the circular pipe (10) in a small range and in a small amplitude manner, so that the top opening of the circular pipe (10) is overlapped with the rectangular through hole (13) on the inner wall of the bottom of the sorting groove (2);

the grapes stopped by the baffle (3) drop into the interior of the circular tube (10), meanwhile, the transmission shaft (18) rotates the traction packing auger (11), so as to convey the grapes falling into the circular tube (10) to the grape collection box (8), and because the asynchronous motor (5) is an asynchronous motor, the asynchronous motor (5) rotates for two circles and then rotates reversely for two circles, so that the opening on the circular tube (10) and the rectangular through hole (13) are in a non-coincident state again, the grapes can be blocked by the baffle plate (3) again to be accumulated, meanwhile, the auger (11) stops conveying the grapes, so that a person can simply observe and check the grapes sorted in the grape collection box (8) until the rightmost baffle (3) can not block the grapes, the grapes at the moment are defined as defective, and defective grapes will roll down the slope on the right side of the sorting trough (2) into the interior of the defective bin (4).

8. The method for sorting and storing grapes according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the method also comprises the following storage methods:

firstly, the sorted grapes are sealed with a film, small bags with the length of 40 cm and the width of 30 cm are pressed by using a polyethylene film with the thickness of 0.04-0.06 mm in a film bag storage mode, 1.5-2 kg of fruits are packed in each bag, then the bag opening is tied, the small bags are placed in a shallow box with the bottom padded with sawdust or broken straws with the thickness of 4-5 cm, only one layer of fruits is placed in each box, the box is placed in a cold room or a storage warehouse, the wooden box can be moved during the inspection, but the bag cannot be opened, 3-4 layers of soft paper are lined on the bottom plate and the periphery of the fruit box, a storage bag pressed by using a thin film with the thickness of 0.04-0.06 mm is placed, pre-cooled fruit clusters are contained, 10-15 kg of each bag is placed with a plurality of sulfur dioxide preservatives, the bag opening is sealed, then the fruit box is piled in the warehouse or is erected on a vertical column in the warehouse, a 30 cm curtain is erected on the frame, thin bamboo or straw mat is laid on the bamboo or straw mat every other bamboo or straw mat, one layer of fruit ears is placed on each layer.