CN114889248B - 一种锂电池软包装膜及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种锂电池软包装膜及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN114889248B
CN114889248B CN202210578377.XA CN202210578377A CN114889248B CN 114889248 B CN114889248 B CN 114889248B CN 202210578377 A CN202210578377 A CN 202210578377A CN 114889248 B CN114889248 B CN 114889248B
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glue
aluminum foil
glue groove
double
flexible packaging
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CN114889248A (zh
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戴平翔
杨慧慧
井光辉
戴晓兵
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Jiangxi Shengwei Material Co ltd
Zhuhai Smoothway Electronic Materials Co Ltd
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Zhuhai Smoothway Electronic Materials Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种锂电池软包装膜及其制备方法，该制备方法包括步骤：(1)提供铝箔，对铝箔进行双面钝化，然后烘干待用；(2)提供双胶槽网，具有第一胶槽和第二胶槽，第一胶槽和第二胶槽中的一者填充双组分聚氨酯胶水，第一胶槽和第二胶槽中的另一者填充改性聚烯烃树脂胶水；(3)铝箔经过双胶槽网，借助双胶槽网在铝箔的两面进行双面涂胶，然后进行烘干；(4)将尼龙膜朝双组分聚氨酯胶水一侧和聚丙烯膜朝改性聚烯烃树脂胶水一侧在受压及加热的条件下同步复合在步骤(3)中铝箔的两侧，形成锂电池软包装膜。本发明的制备方法，能减少复合工序，大大提高生产效率，缩短生产周期，且产品的耐电解液性能得到有效提高。

Description

一种锂电池软包装膜及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及锂电池包装技术领域，更具体地涉及一种锂电池软包装膜及其制备方法。
背景技术
锂离子电池广泛应用于数码、交通工具、军事以及储能方面的新能源系统，目前锂电池软包装膜主要应用的是铝塑复合膜，铝塑复合膜由铝箔层、以及分别承担保护层功能的尼龙层和封装功能的热封层组成，常规干法工艺是在铝箔两侧分别两次涂布第一胶粘层和第二胶粘层、烘烤、复合，该工艺制备过程中存在工序多、生产周期长、能耗高、物料损失大、相应制造成本高等缺陷。同时，钝化层本身厚度在1μm以下，双面钝化后的铝箔运行走带过程中，铝箔表面的钝化层不断与辊子摩擦，每增加一次走带，对于钝化层及膜材本身多一次磨损，都会造成一定的负面影响。
因此，有必要提出一种新型的锂电池软包装膜的制备方法来解决现有技术的缺陷。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的缺陷，本发明的目的之一是提供一种锂电池软包装膜的制备方法，能减少复合工序，大大提高生产效率，缩短生产周期，且产品的耐电解液性能得到有效提高。
为了实现上述目的，本发明公开了一种锂电池软包装膜的制备方法，包括步骤：
(1)提供铝箔，对所述铝箔进行双面钝化，然后烘干待用；
(2)提供双胶槽网，具有第一胶槽和第二胶槽，所述第一胶槽和所述第二胶槽中的一者填充双组分聚氨酯胶水，所述第一胶槽和所述第二胶槽中的另一者填充改性聚烯烃树脂胶水；
(3)所述铝箔经过所述双胶槽网，借助所述双胶槽网在所述铝箔的两面进行双面涂胶，然后进行烘干；
(4)将保护层朝所述双组分聚氨酯胶水一侧及将热封层朝所述改性聚烯烃树脂胶水一侧在受压及加热的条件下同步复合在步骤(3)中所述铝箔的两侧，形成锂电池软包装膜。
本发明的锂电池软包装膜的制备方法，对铝箔双面钝化后借助双胶槽网在铝箔的两面进行双面涂胶，然后烘干，再将尼龙膜与聚丙烯膜同时与铝箔进行复合，通过一次复合实现三层膜复合，减少复合工序，大大提高生产效率，缩短生产周期，且由于复合次数减少，可降低走带过程中辊子对材料本身及钝化层的破坏，有效地提高了产品的耐电解液性能。
本发明的目的之二是提供一种锂电池软包装膜，采用上述方法制得，该锂电池软包装膜耐电解液性能良好。
具体实施方式
为详细说明本发明的技术内容、构造特征、所实现目的及效果，以下结合实施方式详予说明。
本发明提供一种锂电池软包装膜的制备方法，包括步骤：
(1)提供铝箔，对铝箔进行双面钝化，然后烘干待用；
(2)提供双胶槽网，具有第一胶槽和第二胶槽，第一胶槽和第二胶槽中的一者填充双组分聚氨酯胶水，第一胶槽和第二胶槽中的另一者填充改性聚烯烃树脂胶水；
(3)铝箔经过双胶槽网，借助双胶槽网在铝箔的两面进行双面涂胶，然后进行烘干；
(4)将保护层朝双组分聚氨酯胶水一侧和热封层朝改性聚烯烃树脂胶水一侧在受压及加热的条件下同步复合在步骤(3)中铝箔的两侧，形成锂电池软包装膜。
步骤(1)中，铝箔的厚度为30-50μm，如30μm、35μm、40μm、45μm、50μm。采用钝化液对铝箔双面进行钝化，在一个优选的实施例中，钝化液包括氟化铬、水性聚丙烯酸树脂、水，在一优选实施例中，钝化液的pH为2-4。更为优选地，氟化铬、水性聚丙烯酸树脂和水按照1-4：5-10：86-94质量比混合后，再用磷酸调节pH至2-4。在另一个优选的实施例中，步骤(1)中烘干温度为120-160℃，优选为150℃。
步骤(2)中，铝箔具有哑面和光面，双组分聚氨酯胶水涂覆铝箔哑面，优选地，双组分聚氨酯胶水的上胶量为4-5g/m2；改性聚烯烃树脂胶水涂覆铝箔光面，优选地，改性聚烯烃树脂胶水的上胶量为3-4g/m2。
步骤(3)中，烘干温度为50-100℃，优选采用气浮式烘箱进行烘干，可实现双面烘干。优选地，烘箱腔体里采用电加热空气通过喷嘴吹出热空气，且下喷嘴吹出风量的支撑力等于铝箔重力、双面涂布的胶水重力与上喷嘴空气压力，使得双面涂胶后的铝箔在箱体内完全悬浮，烘箱内零张力走带，可有效降低传统托辊式烘箱张力辊摩擦对铝箔的划伤及表面钝化层的破坏，提高产品耐电解液性能。
步骤(4)中，保护层的厚度介于15-30μm之间，如可以为但不限于15μm、20μm、25μm、30μm。优选地，保护层选用尼龙膜或者尼龙与PET的共挤膜。热封层的厚度介于30-80μm之间，如可以为但不限于30μm、35μm、40μm、45μm、50μm、55μm、60μm、65μm、70μm、75μm、80μm。优选地，热封层为聚丙烯膜，更为优选地，热封层为三层共挤流延聚丙烯膜。通过各自独立的放卷系统同步将保护层和热封层放卷，然后经压合一次复合实现三层膜复合。在一个优选的实施例中，复合温度为70-100℃，复合压力为0.2-0.6Mpa。在另一个优选地实施例中，复合之后，将产品送入50-80℃烘箱烘烤2-5天，使胶水固化，得到锂电池软包装膜。
下面通过几个具体的优选实施例来进一步阐述本发明的锂电池软包装膜的制备方法，但并不因此而限定本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
一种锂电池软包装膜的制备方法，包括步骤：
(1)提供40μm的铝箔，采用含氟化铬、水性聚丙烯酸树脂、磷酸的钝化液对铝箔进行双面钝化，然后在150℃烘干待用，其中，氟化铬、水性聚丙烯酸树脂和水按照2：5：93质量比混合后，再用磷酸调节pH至3；
(2)提供双胶槽网，具有第一胶槽和第二胶槽，第一胶槽填充双组分聚氨酯胶水，双组分聚氨酯胶水的上胶量为4g/m2；第二胶槽填充改性聚烯烃树脂胶水，改性聚烯烃树脂胶水的上胶量为3g/m2；
(3)铝箔经过双胶槽网，借助双胶槽网在铝箔的两面进行双面涂胶，铝箔具有哑面和光面，双组分聚氨酯胶水涂覆铝箔哑面，改性聚烯烃树脂胶水涂覆铝箔光面，然后进入气浮烘箱中在80℃条件下进行烘干；
(4)将尼龙膜和聚丙烯膜同时放卷与铝箔复合，其中，尼龙膜朝双组分聚氨酯胶水一侧和聚丙烯膜朝改性聚烯烃树脂胶水一侧同步复合在铝箔的两侧，复合温度100℃，复合压力0.5MPa，然后收卷，送入60℃烘箱烘烤3天，使胶水固化，形成锂电池软包装膜。
实施例2
一种锂电池软包装膜的制备方法，包括步骤：
(1)提供40μm的铝箔，采用含氟化铬、水性聚丙烯酸树脂、磷酸的钝化液对铝箔进行双面钝化，然后在150℃烘干待用，其中，氟化铬、水性聚丙烯酸树脂和水按照3：6：91质量比混合后，再用磷酸调节pH至4；
(2)提供双胶槽网，具有第一胶槽和第二胶槽，第一胶槽填充双组分聚氨酯胶水，双组分聚氨酯胶水的上胶量为5g/m2；第二胶槽填充改性聚烯烃树脂胶水，改性聚烯烃树脂胶水的上胶量为4g/m2；
(3)铝箔经过双胶槽网，借助双胶槽网在铝箔的两面进行双面涂胶，铝箔具有哑面和光面，双组分聚氨酯胶水涂覆铝箔哑面，改性聚烯烃树脂胶水涂覆铝箔光面，然后进入气浮烘箱中在70℃条件下进行烘干；
(4)将尼龙膜和聚丙烯膜同时放卷与铝箔复合，其中，尼龙膜朝双组分聚氨酯胶水一侧和聚丙烯膜朝改性聚烯烃树脂胶水一侧同步复合在铝箔的两侧，复合温度90℃，复合压力0.4MPa，然后收卷，送入60℃烘箱烘烤3天，使胶水固化，形成锂电池软包装膜。
实施例3
一种锂电池软包装膜的制备方法，包括步骤：
(1)提供40μm的铝箔，采用含氟化铬、水性聚丙烯酸树脂、磷酸的钝化液对铝箔进行双面钝化，然后在120℃烘干待用，其中，氟化铬、水性聚丙烯酸树脂和水按照3：5：92质量比混合后，再用磷酸调节pH至2；
(2)提供双胶槽网，具有第一胶槽和第二胶槽，第一胶槽填充双组分聚氨酯胶水，双组分聚氨酯胶水的上胶量为5g/m2；第二胶槽填充改性聚烯烃树脂胶水，改性聚烯烃树脂胶水的上胶量为3g/m2；
(3)铝箔经过双胶槽网，借助双胶槽网在铝箔的两面进行双面涂胶，铝箔具有哑面和光面，双组分聚氨酯胶水涂覆铝箔哑面，改性聚烯烃树脂胶水涂覆铝箔光面，然后进入气浮烘箱中在100℃条件下进行烘干；
(4)将尼龙与PET的共挤膜和聚丙烯膜同时放卷与铝箔复合，其中，共挤膜朝双组分聚氨酯胶水一侧和聚丙烯膜朝改性聚烯烃树脂胶水一侧同步复合在铝箔的两侧，复合温度80℃，复合压力0.3MPa，然后收卷，送入60℃烘箱烘烤3天，使胶水固化，形成锂电池软包装膜。
对比例1
一种锂电池软包装膜的制备方法，包括步骤：
(1)提供40μm的铝箔，采用含氟化铬、水性聚丙烯酸树脂、磷酸的钝化液对铝箔进行双面钝化，然后在150℃烘干待用，其中，氟化铬、水性聚丙烯酸树脂和水按照2：5：93质量比混合后，再用磷酸调节pH至3；
(2)提供单胶槽网，具有第一胶槽，第一胶槽填充双组分聚氨酯胶水，双组分聚氨酯胶水的上胶量为4g/m2；铝箔具有哑面和光面，借助第一胶槽在铝箔的哑面涂布双组分聚氨酯胶水，然后进入托辊式烘烤中在80℃条件下进行烘干；
将尼龙膜朝双组分聚氨酯胶水一侧铝箔复合，复合温度100℃，复合压力0.5MPa；
(3)提供单胶槽网，具有第二胶槽，第二胶槽填充改性聚烯烃树脂胶水，改性聚烯烃树脂胶水的上胶量为3g/m2；借助第二胶槽在铝箔的光面涂布改性聚烯烃树脂胶水，然后进入托辊式烘烤中在80℃条件下进行烘干；
将聚丙烯膜朝改性聚烯烃树脂胶水一侧铝箔复合，复合温度100℃，复合压力0.5MPa；
复合后送入60℃烘箱烘烤3天，使胶水固化，形成锂电池软包装膜。
对实施例1-3和对比例1熟化后的成品进行性能检测，具体数据见下表1。
表1实验数据
由表1数据可知，实施例1-3产品的CPP/Al剥离强度(聚丙烯膜与铝箔之间的剥离强度)、Ny/Al剥离强度(尼龙膜与铝箔之间的剥离强度)及热封强度(CPP热封层对热封层封装强度)均稍微低于对比例1，这是由于基于热量传递效果，分两次复合的压合效果优于三层膜一次复合的效果，但剥离强度和热封强度仍在合理使用的范围内。而对于耐电解液性而言，实施例1-3产品大幅高于对比例1，从而得到耐电解液性优良的锂电池软包装膜。综合以上，说明本发明的制备方法制得的锂电池软包装膜的质量优良，且该工艺通过一次复合实现三层膜复合，减少复合工序，大大提高生产效率，缩短生产周期。
以上所揭露的仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，当然不能以此来限定本发明之权利范围，因此依本发明申请专利范围所作的等同变化，仍属本发明所涵盖的范围。

Claims (8)

1.一种锂电池软包装膜的制备方法，其特征在于，包括步骤：
(1)提供铝箔，对所述铝箔进行双面钝化，然后烘干待用；
(2)提供双胶槽网，具有第一胶槽和第二胶槽，所述第一胶槽和所述第二胶槽中的一者填充双组分聚氨酯胶水，所述第一胶槽和所述第二胶槽中的另一者填充改性聚烯烃树脂胶水；
(3)所述铝箔经过所述双胶槽网，借助所述双胶槽网在所述铝箔的两面进行双面涂胶，然后采用气浮烘箱进行烘干，烘干温度为50-100℃，烘箱腔体里采用电加热空气通过喷嘴吹出热空气，且下喷嘴吹出风量的支撑力等于铝箔重力、双面涂布的胶水重力与上喷嘴空气压力，使得双面涂胶后的铝箔在箱体内完全悬浮；
(4)将保护层朝所述双组分聚氨酯胶水一侧及将热封层朝所述改性聚烯烃树脂胶水一侧在受压及加热的条件下同步复合在步骤(3)中所述铝箔的两侧，形成锂电池软包装膜。
2.如权利要求1所述的锂电池软包装膜的制备方法，其特征在于，采用钝化液对所述铝箔双面进行钝化，所述钝化液包括氟化铬、水性聚丙烯酸树脂、磷酸、水。
3.如权利要求1所述的锂电池软包装膜的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(1)中烘干温度为120-160℃。
4.如权利要求1所述的锂电池软包装膜的制备方法，其特征在于，所述双组分聚氨酯胶水的上胶量为4-5g/m2；所述改性聚烯烃树脂胶水的上胶量为3-4g/m2。
5.如权利要求1所述的锂电池软包装膜的制备方法，其特征在于，所述保护层的厚度介于15-30μm之间；所述铝箔的厚度介于30-50μm之间；所述热封层的厚度介于30-80μm之间。
6.如权利要求1所述的锂电池软包装膜的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(4)中复合温度为70-100℃，复合压力为0.2-0.6MPa。
7.如权利要求1所述的锂电池软包装膜的制备方法，其特征在于，所述保护层选用尼龙膜或者尼龙与PET的共挤膜。
8.一种锂电池软包装膜，其特征在于，采用如权利要求1-7任一项所述的方法制得。
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