CN114853539A - Formula, preparation process and device of fertilizer containing seaweed fragments for organic vegetables - Google Patents
Formula, preparation process and device of fertilizer containing seaweed fragments for organic vegetables Download PDFInfo
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/30—Anti-agglomerating additives; Anti-solidifying additives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B1/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools
- B08B1/10—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools characterised by the type of cleaning tool
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B1/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools
- B08B1/30—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools by movement of cleaning members over a surface
- B08B1/32—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools by movement of cleaning members over a surface using rotary cleaning members
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B13/00—Accessories or details of general applicability for machines or apparatus for cleaning
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizer preparation, and discloses a fertilizer formula, a preparation process and a preparation device for organic vegetables containing seaweed fragments. The fertilizer prepared by the invention has comprehensive nutrition, low price, simple preparation, environmental protection, health and no public nuisance, is used for planting high-quality organic vegetables, and can greatly improve the yield and quality of the organic vegetables.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizer preparation, in particular to a formula, a preparation process, a formula of a device, a preparation process and a device of a fertilizer containing seaweed fragments for organic vegetables containing seaweed fragments.
Background
With the higher and higher requirements of modern people on food safety, organic vegetables without pollution and chemical fertilizer and pesticide residues are favored by more citizens. Organic vegetables are characterized by safety and green color, so that artificial synthetic pesticides, herbicides, growth regulators and the like are not allowed to be used in the cultivation process of the organic vegetables. However, the vegetables need nutrients in the growth process, and the green fertilizer becomes the first choice for planting the organic vegetables.
For example, chinese patent No. CN201910003300.8 discloses a high organic matter fertilizer for organic vegetable planting and a preparation method thereof, comprising: s1, providing organic fertilizer raw materials including cow dung, rice chaff and garden branches, crushing and pretreating the garden branches, and mixing the treated garden branches with the cow dung and the rice chaff to obtain a mixed material; s2, adjusting the initial water content of the mixed material to 55-65% and the carbon-nitrogen ratio to 20-35: 1, and then inoculating aerobic zymophyte therein to carry out aerobic fermentation composting.
For example, the Chinese patent No. CN202020838155.3 discloses a trough-type turning machine for organic fertilizer, which comprises a fermentation tank and a traveling frame arranged on the fermentation tank, wherein vertical plates extending into the fermentation tank are arranged on the left and right side edges of the traveling frame, a turning shaft is connected between the two vertical plates, a plurality of turning components are uniformly arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the turning shaft, a front rotating shaft and a rear rotating shaft which are transversely arranged are arranged in the middle of the traveling frame, rollers traveling along the top of the fermentation tank are arranged at the two ends of the front rotating shaft and the rear rotating shaft, damping rollers are arranged at the two sides of the traveling frame close to the front rotating shaft, a downward arc-shaped lower baffle is arranged on the traveling frame at the rear side of the rear rotating shaft, a control box and a first servo motor driving the front rotating shaft to rotate are arranged at the top of the traveling frame, the second servo motor and the third servo motor drive the turning shaft to rotate, the control box is electrically connected with the first servo motor, the second servo motor and the third servo motor, and a winding wheel for winding and unwinding a power line of the control box is arranged at a position, close to the control box, of the walking rack.
At present, common fertilizers for planting organic vegetables mainly comprise farmyard manure, microbial manure, green manure crops and the like, but the farmyard manure needs to be fermented for a long time; the microbial fertilizer is expensive, and the dosage needs to be strictly controlled; the turner in the fertilizer preparation device also has some disadvantages: during turning, the fermentation material can splash everywhere, which causes waste of the fermentation material; some fermented materials can also fall into the inside of the steel rail and are difficult to clean, and the movement of the turner is easy to cause the risk of derailment failure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fertilizer formula, a preparation process and a device for organic vegetables containing seaweed fragments and containing seaweed fragments, and aims to solve the problems in the background art.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the preparation device comprises a fermentation chamber, a storage bin, a crusher, a mixing stirrer, a granulator, a dryer and a roller screening machine which are arranged according to an assembly line, wherein the bottom end of the storage bin is provided with a conveyor, a discharge port of the conveyor is aligned with a feeding port of the crusher, a discharge port of the crusher is aligned with a feeding port of the mixing stirrer, a discharge port of the mixing stirrer is aligned with a feeding port of the granulator, a discharge port of the granulator is aligned with a feeding port of the dryer, and a discharge port of the granulator is aligned with a feeding port of the roller screening machine;
the fermentation chamber is characterized in that a pair of steel rails are paved on the ground inside the fermentation chamber, a turning and throwing machine is arranged on the pair of steel rails in a rolling mode and comprises a rack, a speed regulating motor, a turning and throwing shaft and turning and throwing rods, the speed regulating motor is fixed at the upper end of the rack, the turning and throwing shaft is rotatably installed inside the rack, a plurality of turning and throwing rods are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the turning and throwing shaft, a hood extension structure is installed on the bottom surface of the top of the rack, a track cleaning structure is also installed inside the rack, the track cleaning structure and the turning and throwing shaft are driven by the speed regulating motor, and track wheels are fixed at the bottom ends of a front vertical frame and a rear vertical frame inside the rack.
Preferably, the engine cover extending structure comprises a left engine cover, a right engine cover, a front rack, a rear rack, a gear and an electric cylinder, the left engine cover and the right engine cover are arranged inside the rack in a sliding mode, a top plate of the left engine cover and a top plate of the right engine cover are arranged in an up-and-down parallel mode, the front rack is fixed to the top end of the left engine cover, the rear rack is fixed to the top end of the right engine cover, and the front rack and the rear rack are connected with the gear in a meshed mode.
Preferably, the electric cylinder is fixedly installed between the left hood and the right hood, and the telescopic end of the electric cylinder is fixed to the right hood.
Preferably, the track cleaning structure comprises a transmission shaft, a cleaning shaft and a spiral brush, first bevel gears are fixed at the front end and the rear end of the transmission shaft, second bevel gears are meshed with the outer walls of the first bevel gears and fixed on the outer walls of the middle portions of the pair of cleaning shafts, and the pair of cleaning shafts are rotatably mounted inside the front vertical frame and the rear vertical frame of the rack respectively.
Preferably, the exposed ends of the left side and the right side of the cleaning shaft are both fixed with the spiral brushes, and the rotating directions of the spiral brushes on the left side and the right side are opposite.
Preferably, the outer wall of transmission shaft is fixed with driven pulley, the output shaft of buncher is equipped with two pulleys, two pulleys with the pulley of turning over throwing axle outer wall carries out the transmission through first belt loop, two pulleys with driven pulley carries out the transmission through second belt loop.
The fertilizer formula for organic vegetables containing seaweed fragments comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of crushed straw, 15-20 parts of pig manure, 10-20 parts of tea shell powder, 8-12 parts of plant ash, 5-8 parts of seaweed fragments, 5-8 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 3-5 parts of potassium chloride, 2-5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 1-3 parts of borax, 2-4 parts of compound amino acid and 1-2 parts of biological fermentation inoculant; wherein the crushed straw is rice straw, wheat straw and corn straw according to a mass ratio of 3: 1: 1, and the compound amino acid is glycine, leucine, methionine, lysine and aspartic acid according to the mass ratio of 2: 2: 1: 1: 3, the biological fermentation microbial inoculum is prepared by mixing saccharomycetes, streptomycete and paenibacillus according to the mass ratio of 5: 2: 1 are mixed.
The fertilizer formula for organic vegetables containing seaweed fragments, the preparation process and the device thereof comprise the following steps:
s1, stacking straw crushed materials, pig manure, tea shell powder, seaweed crushed materials and plant ash on the ground inside a fermentation chamber, uniformly scattering a biological fermentation microbial inoculum, and performing stack turning fermentation for 5-12 days by using a stack turning machine;
s2, after complete fermentation and thorough decomposition, directly stacking the fermented fertilizer out of the pool by a forklift, and transferring the fermented fertilizer into a storage bin for storage;
s3, opening a valve of a bin, conveying the fermented fertilizer into a crusher through a conveyor for crushing, adding the crushed fermented fertilizer, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, magnesium sulfate, borax and compound amino acid into a mixing stirrer for mixing, wherein the stirring speed is 800-1000r/min, and the stirring time is 2-3 h;
s4, granulating the mixture obtained in the step S3 through a granulator, controlling the particle size of the fertilizer to be 3-5mm, and then sending the fertilizer into a dryer to be dried at the temperature of 45-55 ℃;
s5, drying, then feeding into a drum screening machine, crushing the powdery material and large particles screened by a coarse screen, then returning into a granulator, feeding qualified products into a coating machine, and packaging after anti-caking treatment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the hood extension structure is arranged on the bottom surface of the top of the rack and comprises the left hood, the right hood, the front rack, the rear rack, the gear and the electric cylinder, the electric cylinder can be controlled to extend or contract, and the left hood and the right hood can be simultaneously expanded or contracted under the matching transmission action of the front rack, the rear rack and the gear, so that the material blocking areas of the left hood and the right hood can be conveniently adjusted according to the rotating speeds of the speed regulating motor and the turning shaft, the problem of splashing of fermentation materials in turning is avoided, the operation is flexible, the motorized adjustment is realized, and the application prospect is wide.
The track cleaning structure is further arranged inside the rack and comprises a transmission shaft, a cleaning shaft and a spiral hairbrush, the transmission shaft can be driven to rotate by a speed regulating motor, first bevel gears are fixed at the front end and the rear end of the transmission shaft, the first bevel gears can drive a second bevel gear and the cleaning shaft to rotate, and the spiral hairbrush is fixed at the exposed ends of the left side and the right side of the cleaning shaft and arranged inside the steel rail, so that the spiral hairbrush can rotate to clean fermented materials falling into the steel rail; when the turner moves along the steel rail, the spiral brushes can clean the steel rail at the same time, so that the turner can constantly maintain normal movement, and the risk of derailing fault when the turner moves is avoided.
The fertilizer prepared by the invention has comprehensive nutrition, low price, simple preparation, environmental protection, health and no public nuisance, is used for planting high-quality organic vegetables, and can greatly improve the yield and quality of the organic vegetables.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a first perspective of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the installation of the turning and throwing machine and the rail of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a first perspective three-dimensional structure of the turning and throwing machine of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a second perspective structure of the turning and throwing machine of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the hood extension of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a portion of the components of the turning machine of the present invention;
fig. 8 shows a track cleaning structure according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1-fermentation chamber, 2-storage bin, 3-pulverizer, 4-mixing stirrer, 5-granulator, 6-dryer, 7-roller screening machine, 8-turner, 81-frame, 82-speed regulating motor, 83-turner shaft, 84-turner rod, 85-hood extension structure, 851-left hood, 852-right hood, 853-front rack, 854-rear rack, 855-gear, 856-electric cylinder, 86-track cleaning structure, 861-transmission shaft, 862-cleaning shaft, 863-spiral brush, 864-first bevel gear, 865-second bevel gear, 866-driven pulley, 87-rail wheel, 88-double pulleys, 881-first belt ring, 882-second belt ring, 9-steel rail.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only partial embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of this application and in the drawings are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It should be understood that the data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances such that embodiments of the application described herein may be used. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The invention is further illustrated with reference to figures 1-8.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, an embodiment of the present invention: the preparation device comprises a fermentation chamber 1, a bin 2, a crusher 3, a mixing stirrer 4, a granulator 5, a dryer 6 and a drum screening machine 7 which are arranged according to an assembly line, wherein the bottom end of the bin 2 is provided with a conveyor 10, the discharge port of the conveyor 10 is aligned with the feeding port of the crusher 3, the discharge port of the crusher 3 is aligned with the feeding port of the mixing stirrer 4, the discharge port of the mixing stirrer 4 is aligned with the feeding port of the granulator 5, the discharge port of the granulator 5 is aligned with the feeding port of the dryer 6, and the discharge port of the granulator 5 is aligned with the feeding port of the drum screening machine 7;
the fertilizer formula for organic vegetables containing seaweed fragments comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of crushed straw, 15 parts of pig manure, 10 parts of tea shell powder, 8 parts of plant ash, 6 parts of seaweed fragments, 5 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 3 parts of potassium chloride, 2 parts of magnesium sulfate, 1 part of borax, 2 parts of compound amino acid and 1 part of biological fermentation inoculant; wherein the crushed straw is rice straw, wheat straw and corn straw according to the mass ratio of 3: 1: 1, and the compound amino acid is glycine, leucine, methionine, lysine and aspartic acid according to the mass ratio of 2: 2: 1: 1: 3, the biological fermentation microbial inoculum is yeast, streptomycete and paenibacillus according to the mass ratio of 5: 2: 1 are mixed.
The fertilizer formula for organic vegetables containing seaweed fragments, the preparation process and the device thereof comprise the following steps:
s1, stacking straw crushed materials, pig manure, tea shell powder, seaweed crushed materials and plant ash on the ground inside a fermentation chamber, uniformly scattering a biological fermentation microbial inoculum, and performing stack turning fermentation for 5 days by using a stack turning machine;
s2, after complete fermentation and thorough decomposition, directly stacking the fermented fertilizer out of the pool by a forklift, and transferring the fermented fertilizer into a storage bin for storage;
s3, opening a valve of a stock bin, conveying the fermented fertilizer into a grinder through a conveyor for grinding, adding the ground fermented fertilizer, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, magnesium sulfate, borax and compound amino acid into a mixer for mixing, wherein the mixing speed is 800r/min, and the mixing time is 2 h;
s4, granulating the mixture obtained in the step S3 through a granulator, controlling the particle size of the fertilizer to be 3mm, and then sending the fertilizer into a dryer to be dried at the temperature of 45 ℃;
s5, drying, then feeding into a drum screening machine, crushing the powdery material and large particles screened by a coarse screen, then returning into a granulator, feeding qualified products into a coating machine, and packaging after anti-caking treatment.
The fertilizer prepared in the embodiment 1 has comprehensive nutrition, low price, simple preparation, environmental protection, health and no public nuisance, is used for planting high-quality organic vegetables, and can greatly improve the yield and the quality of the organic vegetables.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, an embodiment of the present invention: the preparation device comprises a fermentation chamber 1, a storage bin 2, a crusher 3, a mixing stirrer 4, a granulator 5, a dryer 6 and a drum screening machine 7 which are arranged according to an assembly line, wherein the conveyor 10 is arranged at the bottom end of the storage bin 2, the discharge port of the conveyor 10 is aligned with the feeding port of the crusher 3, the discharge port of the crusher 3 is aligned with the feeding port of the mixing stirrer 4, the discharge port of the mixing stirrer 4 is aligned with the feeding port of the granulator 5, the discharge port of the granulator 5 is aligned with the feeding port of the dryer 6, and the discharge port of the granulator 5 is aligned with the feeding port of the drum screening machine 7;
the formula of the fertilizer containing the seaweed fragments for the organic vegetables, the preparation process and the device comprise the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of crushed straw, 20 parts of pig manure, 20 parts of tea shell powder, 12 parts of plant ash, 5 parts of seaweed fragments, 8 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 5 parts of potassium chloride, 5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 3 parts of borax, 4 parts of compound amino acid and 2 parts of biological fermentation inoculant; wherein the crushed straw is rice straw, wheat straw and corn straw according to the mass ratio of 3: 1: 1, and the compound amino acid is glycine, leucine, methionine, lysine and aspartic acid according to the mass ratio of 2: 2: 1: 1: 3, the biological fermentation microbial inoculum is yeast, streptomycete and paenibacillus according to the mass ratio of 5: 2: 1 are mixed.
The fertilizer formula for organic vegetables containing seaweed fragments, the preparation process and the device thereof comprise the following steps:
s1, stacking straw crushed materials, pig manure, tea shell powder, seaweed crushed materials and plant ash on the ground inside a fermentation chamber, uniformly scattering a biological fermentation microbial inoculum, and performing stack turning fermentation for 12 days by using a stack turning machine;
s2, after complete fermentation and thorough decomposition, directly stacking the fermented fertilizer out of the pool by a forklift, and transferring the fermented fertilizer into a storage bin for storage;
s3, opening a valve of a bin, conveying the fermented fertilizer into a grinder through a conveyor for grinding, adding the ground fermented fertilizer, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, magnesium sulfate, borax and compound amino acid into a mixer for mixing, wherein the mixing speed is 1000r/min, and the mixing time is 3 h;
s4, granulating the mixture obtained in the step S3 through a granulator, controlling the particle size of the fertilizer to be 5mm, and then sending the fertilizer into a dryer to dry at the temperature of 55 ℃;
s5, drying, then feeding into a drum screening machine, crushing the powdery material and large particles screened by a coarse screen, then returning into a granulator, feeding qualified products into a coating machine, and packaging after anti-caking treatment.
The fertilizer prepared in the embodiment 2 has comprehensive nutrition, low price, simple preparation, environmental protection, health and no public nuisance, is used for planting high-quality organic vegetables, and can greatly improve the yield and the quality of the organic vegetables.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 4 and 6, the hood extension structure 85 includes a left hood 851, a right hood 852, a front rack 853, a rear rack 854, a gear 855, and an electric cylinder 856, the left hood 851 and the right hood 852 are both slidably disposed inside the frame 81, the top plates of the left hood 851 and the right hood 852 are disposed in parallel up and down, the front rack 853 is fixed to the top end of the left hood 851, the rear rack 854 is fixed to the top end of the right hood 852, and the gear 855 is engaged and connected between the front rack 853 and the rear rack 854; electric cylinder 856 fixed mounting and left bonnet 851, between the right bonnet 852, and electric cylinder 856's flexible end is fixed mutually with right bonnet 852, steerable electric cylinder 856 extends or shortens, under the cooperation transmission effect of preceding rack 853, back rack 854 and gear 855, left bonnet 851 and right bonnet 852 can expand simultaneously or shrink, thereby be convenient for adjust left bonnet 851 and right bonnet 852's dam area according to the buncher, the rotational speed of throwing axle, the problem that the fermentation material splashes everywhere when having avoided throwing, and the flexible operation, the motorized adjustment has been realized, wide application prospect has.
Referring to fig. 4, 7 and 8, the rail cleaning structure 86 includes a transmission shaft 861, a cleaning shaft 862 and a spiral brush 863, wherein the front and rear ends of the transmission shaft 861 are respectively fixed with a first bevel gear 864, the outer walls of the first bevel gear 864 are respectively engaged with a second bevel gear 865, the second bevel gears 865 are respectively fixed on the outer walls of the middle portions of the pair of cleaning shafts 862, and the pair of cleaning shafts 862 are respectively rotatably mounted inside the front and rear vertical frames of the frame 81; the left and right exposed ends of the cleaning shaft 862 are fixed with spiral brushes 863, and the rotating directions of the left and right spiral brushes 863 are opposite; a driven belt pulley 866 is fixed on the outer wall of the transmission shaft 861, a double belt pulley 88 is arranged on an output shaft of the speed regulating motor 82, the double belt pulley 88 and a belt pulley on the outer wall of the turning and throwing shaft 83 are transmitted through a first belt ring 881, the double belt pulley 88 and the driven belt pulley 866 are transmitted through a second belt ring 882, the speed regulating motor 82 can drive the transmission shaft 861 to rotate, a first bevel gear 864 can drive a second bevel gear 865 and a cleaning shaft 862 to rotate, and a spiral brush 863 is arranged inside the steel rail 9, so that the spiral brush 863 can rotate to clean fermented materials falling into the steel rail 9; during the movement of the turner 8 along the steel rail 9, the spiral brushes 863 can also clean the steel rail 9, thereby ensuring that the turner 8 can constantly maintain normal movement and avoiding the risk of derailment failure when the turner 8 moves.
In example 3, the turner 8 is in operation: firstly, the speed regulating motor 82 is started, the speed regulating motor 82 drives the double belt pulleys 88 to rotate, the double belt pulleys 88 transmit the turning and throwing shaft 83 through the first belt ring 881, a plurality of turning and throwing rods 84 are fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the turning and throwing shaft 83, and the turning and throwing rods 84 can turn and throw fermented materials, so that the fermentation speed and the fermentation quality can be accelerated; double-belt pulley 88 drives transmission shaft 861 through second belt loop 882 and rotates, because both ends all are fixed with first bevel gear 864 around transmission shaft 861, first bevel gear 864 can drive second bevel gear 865, clearance axle 862 rotates, because the left and right sides exposed end of clearance axle 862 all is fixed with spiral brush 863 again, spiral brush 863 sets up inside rail 9, consequently can spiral brush 863 rotatory ability to clear up the fermented material that drops to rail 9 inside.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. A fertilizer formula for organic vegetables containing seaweed fragments, a preparation process and a device thereof, which are characterized in that, the preparation device comprises a fermentation chamber (1), a storage bin (2), a crusher (3), a mixing stirrer (4), a granulator (5), a dryer (6) and a roller screening machine (7) which are arranged according to a production line, a conveyor (10) is arranged at the bottom end of the storage bin (2), a discharge hole of the conveyor (10) is aligned with a feed hole of the pulverizer (3), the discharge hole of the crusher (3) is aligned with the feed inlet of the mixing stirrer (4), the discharge hole of the mixing stirrer (4) is aligned with the feed inlet of the granulator (5), the discharge hole of the granulator (5) is aligned with the feed inlet of the dryer (6), the discharge hole of the granulator (5) is aligned with the feed hole of the drum sieving machine (7);
a pair of steel rails (9) are laid on the ground inside the fermentation chamber (1), a turner (8) is arranged on the pair of steel rails (9) in a rolling manner, the turner (8) comprises a frame (81), a speed regulating motor (82), a turner shaft (83) and a turner rod (84), the speed regulating motor (82) is fixed at the upper end of the frame (81), the turning and throwing shaft (83) is rotatably arranged inside the frame (81), a plurality of turning and throwing rods (84) are fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the turning and throwing shaft (83), a hood extending structure (85) is arranged on the bottom surface of the top of the frame (81), a track cleaning structure (86) is further mounted inside the rack (81), the track cleaning structure (86) and the turning and throwing shaft (83) are driven by the speed regulating motor (82), and track wheels (87) are fixed at the bottom ends of the front and rear vertical frames in the rack (81).
2. The fertilizer formula, the preparation process and the device for organic vegetables containing the seaweed fragments as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the engine cover extending structure (85) comprises a left engine cover (851), a right engine cover (852), a front rack (853), a rear rack (854), a gear (855) and an electric cylinder (856), wherein the left engine cover (851) and the right engine cover (852) are arranged inside the rack (81) in a sliding mode, the left engine cover (851) and the top plate of the right engine cover (852) are arranged in an up-and-down parallel mode, the front rack (853) is fixed to the top end of the left engine cover (851), the rear rack (854) is fixed to the top end of the right engine cover (852), and the gear (855) is connected between the front rack (853) and the rear rack (854) in a meshed mode.
3. The fertilizer formula, the preparation process and the device for organic vegetables containing the seaweed fragments as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the electric cylinder (856) is fixedly arranged between the left hood (851) and the right hood (852), and the telescopic end of the electric cylinder (856) is fixed with the right hood (852).
4. The fertilizer formula, the preparation process and the device for organic vegetables containing the seaweed fragments as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the track cleaning structure (86) comprises a transmission shaft (861), cleaning shafts (862) and spiral brushes (863), wherein first bevel gears (864) are fixed to the front end and the rear end of the transmission shaft (861), the outer walls of the first bevel gears (864) are respectively in meshed connection with second bevel gears (865), the second bevel gears (865) are fixed to the outer walls of the middles of the pair of cleaning shafts (862), and the pair of cleaning shafts (862) are respectively rotatably installed inside a front vertical frame and a rear vertical frame of the rack (81).
5. The fertilizer formula, the preparation process and the device for organic vegetables containing the seaweed fragments as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the exposed ends of the left side and the right side of the cleaning shaft (862) are respectively fixed with the spiral hairbrush (863), and the rotating directions of the spiral hairbrush (863) on the left side and the right side are opposite.
6. The fertilizer formula, the preparation process and the device for organic vegetables containing the seaweed fragments as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the outer wall of transmission shaft (861) is fixed with driven pulley (866), the output shaft of buncher (82) is equipped with two belt pulleys (88), two belt pulleys (88) with the belt pulley of turning over throwing axle (83) outer wall carries out the transmission through first belt loop (881), two belt pulleys (88) with driven pulley (866) carries out the transmission through second belt loop (882).
7. The fertilizer formula, the preparation process and the device for organic vegetables containing the seaweed fragments as claimed in claim 1, wherein the formula comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of crushed straw, 15-20 parts of pig manure, 10-20 parts of tea shell powder, 8-12 parts of plant ash, 5-8 parts of seaweed fragments, 5-8 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 3-5 parts of potassium chloride, 2-5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 1-3 parts of borax, 2-4 parts of compound amino acid and 1-2 parts of biological fermentation inoculant; wherein the crushed straw is rice straw, wheat straw and corn straw according to a mass ratio of 3: 1: 1, and the compound amino acid is glycine, leucine, methionine, lysine and aspartic acid according to the mass ratio of 2: 2: 1: 1: 3, the biological fermentation microbial inoculum is prepared by mixing saccharomycetes, streptomycete and paenibacillus according to the mass ratio of 5: 2: 1 are mixed.
8. The fertilizer formula, the preparation process and the device for organic vegetables containing the seaweed fragments as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation process comprises the following steps:
s1, stacking straw crushed aggregates, pig manure, tea shell powder, seaweed crushed aggregates and plant ash on the ground inside the fermentation chamber (1), uniformly scattering a biological fermentation microbial inoculum, and performing stack turning fermentation for 5-12 days by using a stack turning machine (8);
s2, after complete fermentation and thorough decomposition, directly stacking the fermented fertilizer out of the pool by a forklift, and transferring the fermented fertilizer into a storage bin (2) for storage;
s3, opening a valve of the bin (2), conveying the fermented fertilizer into the crusher (3) through the conveyor (10) for crushing, adding the crushed fermented fertilizer, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, magnesium sulfate, borax and compound amino acid into the mixer (4) for mixing, wherein the stirring speed is 800-;
s4, granulating the mixture obtained in the step S3 through a granulator (5), controlling the particle size of the fertilizer to be 3-5mm, and then sending the fertilizer into a dryer (6) to dry at the temperature of 45-55 ℃;
s5, drying, feeding into a drum screening machine (7), crushing the powdery material and large particles screened by a coarse screen, returning into a granulator (5), feeding the qualified product into a film coating machine, and packaging after anti-caking treatment.
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