CN116462543B - Charcoal-based fertilizer production system - Google Patents

Charcoal-based fertilizer production system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116462543B
CN116462543B CN202310459987.2A CN202310459987A CN116462543B CN 116462543 B CN116462543 B CN 116462543B CN 202310459987 A CN202310459987 A CN 202310459987A CN 116462543 B CN116462543 B CN 116462543B
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box
fixedly connected
fermentation
mixing
grinding
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CN116462543A (en
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魏贵生
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Nanjing Jiamachi Ecological Engineering Co ltd
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Nanjing Jiamachi Ecological Engineering Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
    • C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C21/00—Disintegrating plant with or without drying of the material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
    • B02C23/10—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator arranged in discharge path of crushing or disintegrating zone
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B32/05—Preparation or purification of carbon not covered by groups C01B32/15, C01B32/20, C01B32/25, C01B32/30
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/80—Separation, elimination or disposal of harmful substances during the treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
    • C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
    • C05F17/971—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material
    • C05F17/979—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material the other material being gaseous
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
    • C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of carbon-based fertilizer production, and provides a carbon-based fertilizer production system which comprises a crushing bracket I, wherein crushing equipment is fixedly arranged on the crushing bracket I and used for crushing a carbon-based raw material, a conveying device I is arranged below the crushing equipment, and a carbonization device is arranged at the output end of the conveying device I; and the carbonization equipment conveys materials to the mixed fermentation device through a conveying device II. The invention can ensure that the charcoal base fertilizer is fully mixed, so that the charcoal, the organic fertilizer and the inorganic fertilizer are uniform in nutrition, balanced in fertilizer efficiency quality, closed and automatic in fermentation, clean and tidy in decomposition and fermentation.

Description

Charcoal-based fertilizer production system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of carbon-based fertilizer production, in particular to a carbon-based fertilizer production system.
Background
The carbon-based fertilizer is an ecological environment-friendly fertilizer prepared by taking biomass carbon as a matrix and adding organic matters or inorganic matters according to the characteristics of different areas and different crop growth characteristics and a scientific fertilization principle. Carbon-based fertilizers are mainly divided into three basic types: carbon-based organic fertilizer, carbon-based inorganic fertilizer, carbon-based organic-inorganic compound fertilizer (compound fertilizer); the carbon-based organic fertilizer is an ecological fertilizer formed by reasonably matching biomass carbon powder with the organic fertilizer; the carbon-based inorganic fertilizer is an ecological fertilizer formed by reasonably matching biomass carbon powder with the inorganic fertilizer; the carbon-based organic-inorganic compound fertilizer (compound fertilizer) refers to an ecological fertilizer formed by reasonably matching biomass carbon powder with an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer (compound fertilizer),
the carbon-based fertilizer increases the content of carbon-based organic matters in soil, rapidly improves the soil structure, balances salt and moisture, creates a soil environment favorable for healthy growth of plants through rapid curing, thereby increasing the soil fertility and promoting the growth of crops; traditional charcoal base fertilizer production is usually through manual operation, if mix the raw materials through the manpower, needs the manual upset during fermentation, and artifical intensity of labour is big.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a carbon-based fertilizer production system, which is used for solving the problems set forth above: traditional charcoal base fertilizer production is through manual operation, if mix the raw materials through the manpower, needs the manual upset during fermentation, the great technical problem of manual labor intensity.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention discloses a carbon-based fertilizer production system, which comprises a crushing bracket I, wherein crushing equipment is fixedly arranged on the crushing bracket I and used for crushing a carbon-based raw material, a conveying device I is arranged below the crushing equipment, and a carbonization device is arranged at the output end of the conveying device I; and the carbonization equipment conveys materials to the mixed fermentation device through a conveying device II.
Preferably, the mixed fermentation device comprises a mixing device, and a fermentation reaction mechanism is arranged below the mixing device.
Preferably, the carbon-based raw material is a carbon-based raw material plant straw.
Preferably, the crushing device is a jaw crusher, and the carbonization device is a continuous carbonization furnace.
Preferably, the mixing fermentation device mixes the carbon-based fertilizer raw materials, and the carbon-based fertilizer raw materials include: the fertilizer comprises any one or a combination of a plurality of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, and the microbial agent comprises any one or a combination of a plurality of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate bacteria and plant growth promoting bacteria.
Preferably, the mixing device comprises: the mixing bracket is fixedly connected with the mixing box, the mixing box is in a conical funnel shape, a small conical opening is downward, a box top cover is fixedly arranged at the top end of the mixing box, the box top cover is fixedly connected with the top end of the mixing bracket, a first feeding funnel is arranged on one side of the box top cover, a first mounting seat is fixedly connected with the center of the upper surface of the box top cover, a second mounting seat is fixedly connected with the upper side of the first mounting seat, the box top cover penetrates through and is rotationally connected with a rotary sleeve, a driving motor is fixedly arranged on the second mounting seat, a first driving motor output shaft is fixedly connected with a first driving mechanism, and the first driving mechanism provides rotary force for the rotary sleeve to rotate in the mixing box.
Preferably, the bottom of the rotary sleeve is fixedly connected with a horizontal sleeve, two ends of the horizontal sleeve are symmetrically provided with a first inclined spiral rod and a second inclined spiral rod, the rotary sleeve is rotationally connected with a central rotating shaft, the central rotating shaft rotates to penetrate through the centers of the mounting seat and the horizontal sleeve, the bottom end of the central rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a vertical spiral rod, the rotary sleeve and the horizontal sleeve are internally provided with a second transmission mechanism, the second transmission mechanism synchronously provides rotating force for the central rotating shaft, the first inclined spiral rod and the second inclined spiral rod, the top cover of the feed box is also provided with a plurality of adding feed bins, the bottom of the adding feed bins is communicated with a mixing feed box through a feeding pipe, the feeding pipe is provided with an electric valve I, the bottom end of the mixing feed box is fixedly provided with a discharging pipe, the discharging pipe is provided with an electric valve II, and the outer wall of one side of the mixing support is fixedly connected with a water supply assembly, and the water supply assembly provides water in a certain proportion for the thoroughly decomposed fermentation of the mixed carbon-based fertilizer raw materials; and a track in the left-right direction is arranged below the mixing bracket.
Preferably, the fermentation reaction mechanism is a decomposing fermentation assembly, the track top is equipped with the decomposing fermentation assembly, the decomposing fermentation assembly includes: the constant temperature fermenting case, constant temperature fermenting case bottom four corners are equipped with the gyro wheel, and gyro wheel and track roll connection, the inside stirring subassembly of controlling the direction of rotating connection of constant temperature fermenting case, constant temperature fermenting case top are equipped with the fermentation case lid, and the ventilation pipe is connected at the fermentation case lid center, and the ventilation pipe top is equipped with purifying fan, purifying fan and mixed support one side fixed connection.
Preferably, the grinding and granulating device is further included, and the grinding and granulating device includes: the grinding box, grinding box top is equipped with grinding motor, grinding motor output shaft connects center pin two, center pin two rotates and runs through grinding box upper and lower wall, fixedly connected with guide cover in proper order from top to bottom on the center pin two, toper grinding disc and band pulley one, guide cover fixed surface is equipped with a plurality of broken poles, the inside below of toper grinding disc is equipped with the lapping plate, lapping plate and grinding box inner wall fixed connection, the grinding box bottom wall is opened there is the discharge opening, grinding box below fixed connection rotatory granulation case, the inlet has been seted up to rotatory granulation case top wall, center pin two passes inlet and bottom fixed connection rotatory scraper blade downwards, rotatory granulation case bottom rotates and connects the granulation section of thick bamboo, the granulation section of thick bamboo diapire outwards has the slope downwards to one side from the center, a plurality of through-holes have been seted up to the granulation section of thick bamboo wall, outside play grain pipe to one side has been seted up to rotatory granulation case bottom lateral wall.
Preferably, the granulation section of thick bamboo passes through drive mechanism III and pulley one is connected, grinds case one side outer wall fixed connection spray water tank, spray water tank bottom fixed connection high pressure atomizing pump, high pressure atomizing pump below fixed connection water supply hose, water supply hose runs through rotatory granulation case roof back and connects atomizer, atomizer is aimed downwards rotatory granulation case one side outer wall fixed connection C type mounting bracket, the left end inboard hinge connection spring assembly of C type mounting bracket, C type mounting bracket top center lower extreme face hinge connection dwang one, spring assembly pushes up a dwang upper portion to the right side, a dwang bottom hinge connection horizontal slide bar, horizontal slide bar slides to the right and runs through rotatory granulation case left side wall, horizontal slide bar other end fixed connection atomizer, a C type mounting bracket top right-hand member perpendicular downward fixed connection mounting panel, the mounting panel front side is fixed to be equipped with servo motor one, mounting panel front side rear side is equipped with rotatory cam, rotatory cam pushes up a dwang right side, servo motor one output shaft rotate behind the through mounting panel with rotatory cam front end fixed connection.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail through the drawings and the embodiments.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a production system apparatus distribution of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the mixed fermentation device of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a first transmission mechanism and a second transmission mechanism;
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of a hybrid fermentation device of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic front view showing the structure of the grinding and granulating apparatus of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. crushing a first bracket; 2. a crushing device; 3. a first conveying device; 4. a continuous carbonization furnace; 401. a first spiral conveying pipe; 5. a screening device; 6. an automatic packaging machine; 7. a mixed fermentation device; 8. a mixing rack; 9. a bin top cover; 10. a first feeding funnel; 11. a first mounting seat; 12. a second mounting seat; 1201. a driving motor; 13. a mixing box; 14. rotating the sleeve; 15. a horizontal pipe sleeve; 16. a first inclined spiral rod; 17. a second inclined spiral rod; 18. a central spindle; 19. a vertical screw rod; 20. adding a feed bin; 21. an electric valve I; 22. a discharge pipe; 23. an electric valve II; 24. a water storage tank; 25. a water supply pipe; 26. a water pump; 27. a first spray head; 28. a track; 29. a constant temperature fermentation box; 30. a stirring assembly; 31. a roller; 32. a purifying fan; 33. a ventilation pipe; 34. grinding and granulating device; 35. a grinding box; 36. a grinding motor; 37. a second central shaft; 38. a material guiding cover; 39. a breaker bar; 40. a conical grinding disc; 41. a belt wheel I; 42. a grinding plate; 43. a discharge port; 44. rotating the granulating box; 45. a powder inlet; 46. rotating the scraping plate; 47. a granulating cylinder; 48. a granule outlet pipe; 49. a spray water tank; 50. a high pressure atomizing pump; 51. a water supply hose; 52. an atomizing nozzle; 53. c-shaped mounting rack; 54. a spring assembly; 55. rotating the first rod; 56. a horizontal slide bar; 57. a mounting plate; 58. rotating the cam; 59. a transmission shaft I; 60. a spur gear I; 61. a spur gear II; 62. a spur gear III; 63. a spur gear IV; 64. bevel gears I; 65. bevel gears II; 66. a first rotating shaft; 67. bevel gears III; 68. bevel gears IV; 69. a belt wheel II; 70. rotating the shaft sleeve; 71. a third rotating shaft; 72. a belt wheel III; 73. a belt wheel IV; 74. a fermentation tank cover; 75. a second feeding funnel; 76. and a servo motor I.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, it being understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation of the present invention only, and are not intended to limit the present invention.
In addition, the descriptions of the "first," "second," and the like, herein are for descriptive purposes only and are not intended to be specifically construed as order or sequence, nor are they intended to limit the invention solely for distinguishing between components or operations described in the same technical term, but are not to be construed as indicating or implying any relative importance or order of such features. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, technical solutions and technical features between the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to base that a person skilled in the art can implement the combination of technical solutions, when the combination of technical solutions contradicts or cannot be implemented, should be considered that the combination of technical solutions does not exist, and is not within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.
The invention provides the following examples
Example 1
The embodiment of the invention provides a carbon-based fertilizer production system, as shown in fig. 1, which comprises a crushing bracket I1, wherein crushing equipment 2 is fixedly arranged on the crushing bracket I1, the crushing equipment 2 is used for crushing a carbon-based raw material, a conveying device I3 is arranged below the crushing equipment 2, and a carbonization device is arranged at the output end of the conveying device I3; the carbonization equipment conveys materials to the mixed fermentation device 7 through the conveying device II. The first conveying device 3 can be a belt conveyor; the conveying device can be a spiral conveying pipe I401;
the mixed fermentation device 7 comprises a mixing device, and a fermentation reaction mechanism is arranged below the mixing device. .
Preferably, the carbon-based raw material is a carbon-based raw material plant straw.
Preferably, the crushing device 2 is a jaw crusher, and the carbonization device is a continuous carbonization furnace 4.
Preferably, the mixing and fermenting device 7 mixes carbon-based fertilizer raw materials, wherein the carbon-based fertilizer raw materials include: the fertilizer comprises any one or a combination of a plurality of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, and the microbial agent comprises any one or a combination of a plurality of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate bacteria and plant growth promoting bacteria.
Preferably, the first conveying device 3 adopts a belt conveyor or other conveying modes, and the second conveying device adopts a spiral conveying pipe 401 to convey materials to the mixed fermentation device 7.
Preferably, the carbonization process of the continuous carbonization furnace 4 comprises two steps of carbonization and cooling, wherein the carbonization comprises two steps of carbonization and coking, and the cooling comprises two steps of natural cooling and water spray cooling.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: plant straw and other carbon-based fertilizer raw materials (also comprising plant rootstock, fallen leaves, crushed wood, animal manure, animal bones and the like) are crushed into particles through crushing equipment 2, the particles are conveyed into carbonization equipment through conveying equipment I3 for carbonization treatment, carbonization and coking are carried out through a continuous carbonization furnace 4 to form biochar, the biochar is further conveyed into a mixed fermentation device 7 through a spiral conveying pipe I401, inorganic fertilizer, organic fertilizer and microbial inoculum are added for full mixing, then the mixture is subjected to decomposition fermentation to form carbon-based fertilizer, the carbon-based fertilizer is screened out through irregular vibration force of screening equipment 5 (which can be a vibration screening machine) and a screen, the screened carbon-based fertilizer with different particle sizes is classified into automatic packaging equipment (automatic packaging machine 6), and the screened carbon-based fertilizer is packaged for storage and transportation.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the crushing equipment 2 adopts a jaw crusher to crush plant straws and other plant raw materials into required particle sizes, the particle sizes can be adjusted according to carbonization requirements, various organic wastes can be carbonized efficiently by adopting continuous carbonization process carbonization equipment, high-quality biochar is produced, the produced biochar has high porosity, high specific surface area and good adsorption performance, soil fertility can be improved, the soil structure can be improved, the biochar is automatically mixed with various fertilizers and microbial agents by the mixed fermentation device 7, so that efficient carbon-based fertilizer is prepared, timely overturning and fermentation gas treatment of the fermented fertilizer are ensured by the decomposed fermentation component, the fermentation efficiency of the carbon-based fertilizer is ensured, and the automatic decomposed fermentation is realized by the mixed fermentation device 7; the labor intensity of workers is reduced, the automatic fermentation is closed, the operation is clean and tidy, and the working environment is purified.
The invention solves the problems of the prior art: traditional charcoal base fertilizer production is through manual operation, if mix the raw materials through the manpower, needs the manual upset during fermentation, the great technical problem of manual labor intensity.
Example 2
On the basis of example 1, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the mixing device includes: the mixing bracket 8, mixing bracket 8 fixed connection mixing box 13, mixing box 13 is conical funnel form, and the toper osculum is down, mixing box 13 top is fixed to be equipped with workbin top cap 9, workbin top cap 9 and mixing bracket 8 top fixed connection, feed hopper one 10 has been seted up to workbin top cap 9 one side, and workbin top cap 9 upper surface center fixed connection mount pad one 11, mount pad one 11 top fixed connection mount pad two 12, workbin top cap 9 runs through and rotates and connect swivel sleeve 14, fixed mounting driving motor 1201 on the mount pad two 12, driving motor 1201 output shaft fixed connection drive mechanism one, drive mechanism one provides the rotation power for swivel sleeve 14 internal rotation in mixing box 13.
The bottom of the rotary sleeve 14 is fixedly connected with a horizontal sleeve 15, two ends of the horizontal sleeve 15 are symmetrically provided with a first inclined spiral rod 16 and a second inclined spiral rod 17, the rotary sleeve 14 is rotationally connected with a central rotary shaft 18, the central rotary shaft 18 rotates to penetrate through the centers of the first mounting seat 11 and the horizontal sleeve 15, the bottom end of the central rotary shaft 18 is fixedly connected with a vertical spiral rod 19, the rotary sleeve 14 and the horizontal sleeve are internally provided with a second transmission mechanism which synchronously provides rotating force for the central rotary shaft 18, the first inclined spiral rod 16 and the second inclined spiral rod 17, the top cover 9 of the material box is also provided with a plurality of adding material bins 20, the bottom of the adding material bins 20 is communicated with the material box 13 through a feeding pipe, the feeding pipe is provided with a first electric valve 21, the bottom end of the material box 13 is fixedly provided with a discharging pipe 22, the discharging pipe 22 is provided with a second electric valve 23,
the first transmission mechanism comprises: a transmission shaft I59, a spur gear I60 and a spur gear II 61; the output shaft of the driving motor 1201 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the first transmission shaft 59, the first transmission shaft 59 penetrates through the first mounting seat 11 downwards, the bottom end of the first transmission shaft 59 is fixedly connected with the first spur gear 60, the top of the rotary sleeve 14 is sleeved with the second spur gear 61, the second spur gear 61 is fixedly connected with the rotary sleeve 14, and the second spur gear 61 is meshed with the first spur gear 60;
the transmission mechanism II comprises: a third spur gear 62, a fourth spur gear 63, a first bevel gear 64, a second bevel gear 65, a first rotary shaft 66, a third bevel gear 67 and a fourth bevel gear 68; the upper part of the transmission shaft I59 is fixedly connected with a third spur gear 62, the third spur gear 62 is in meshed connection with a fourth spur gear 63, and the fourth spur gear 63 is fixedly connected with the top end of the central rotating shaft 18; the center rotating shaft 18 is internally and fixedly connected with a first bevel gear 64, the left and right sides of the internal transmission structure of the horizontal sleeve 15 are symmetrical, the left and right sides of the internal part of the horizontal sleeve 15 are symmetrically provided with a first rotating shaft 66, the first rotating shaft 66 is rotationally connected with the horizontal sleeve 15, the end, close to the center, of the first rotating shaft 66 is fixedly connected with a second bevel gear 65, the second bevel gear 65 is in meshed connection with the first bevel gear 64, the other end of the first rotating shaft 66 is fixedly connected with a third bevel gear 67, the lower part of the third bevel gear 67 is in meshed connection with a fourth bevel gear 68, and the fourth bevel gear 68 is fixedly connected with the top end of the first inclined spiral rod 16 or the second inclined spiral rod 17;
the working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: when the mixed fermentation device 7 works, biochar enters the mixing box 13 through the first feeding funnel 10, meanwhile, each first electric valve 21 is opened to enable inorganic fertilizer, organic fertilizer, fermentation bacteria and the like in the adding bin 20 to quantitatively enter the mixing box 13, then the driving motor 1201 starts to work, the rotating sleeve 14 and the horizontal sleeve 15 rotate through the first transmission mechanism, then three spiral rods are driven to revolve around the center, when the first transmission mechanism works, the driving motor 1201 operates to drive the first transmission shaft 59 to rotate, the first transmission shaft 59 drives the first bottom spur gear 60 to rotate, the transmission ratio of the first spur gear 60 to the second spur gear 61 is smaller than that of the first spur gear 60, and the first spur gear 60 is in rotary meshing transmission to enable the second spur gear 61 to rotate slowly and synchronously;
meanwhile, the transmission mechanism II works, the rotation of the transmission shaft I59 drives the spur gear III 62 to rotate, and as the transmission ratio of the spur gear III 62 to the spur gear IV 63 is larger than one, the spur gear III 62 is meshed and transmitted to enable the spur gear IV 63 to rotate at high speed, the spur gear IV 63 drives the central rotating shaft 18, the bevel gear I64 and the vertical spiral rod 19 to synchronously rotate at high speed, the bevel gear I64 drives the bevel gear II 65, the transmission shaft I59 and the bevel gear III 67 to synchronously rotate in the horizontal pipe sleeve, the bevel gear III 67 drives the bevel gears IV 68 at two sides to rotate, and the bevel gear IV 68 drives the bevel spiral rod I16 to rotate to realize high-speed rotation of each spiral rod; the oblique angles of the oblique spiral rods at the two sides are the same as the taper angle of the mixing box 13; after the biochar and various additives are fully mixed to form a fermentation mixed raw material, the second electric valve 23 is opened, and the fermentation mixed raw material falls into a fermentation reaction mechanism under the action of gravity.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the three screw rods and the high-speed rotation are realized through the driving motor 1201, and meanwhile, the slow revolution stirring of the three screw rods around the central shaft is realized by the rotating sleeve 14, so that various additives such as biochar, inorganic fertilizer, organic fertilizer, fermentation inoculant and the like in the mixing box 13 are fully mixed.
Example 3
On the basis of the embodiment 1 or 2, as shown in the figures 1-2, the outer wall of one side of the mixing bracket 8 is fixedly connected with a water supply assembly, and the water supply assembly provides water with a certain proportion for the thoroughly decomposed fermentation of the mixed carbon-based fertilizer raw materials; the water supply assembly includes: the water storage tank 24, the water supply pipe 25, the water suction pump 26 and the first nozzle 27; one side of the mixing bracket 8 is fixedly connected with a water storage tank 24, the lower end of the water storage tank 24 is connected with a water supply pipe 25, a water pump 26 is arranged in the middle of the water supply pipe 25, and the tail end of the water pump 26 is connected with a first nozzle 27;
the fermentation reaction mechanism is a thoroughly decomposed fermentation assembly, a track 28 in the left-right direction is arranged below the mixing bracket 8, and the thoroughly decomposed fermentation assembly is arranged above the track 28;
the rotten fermentation assembly comprises: the constant temperature fermenting box 29, the stirring assembly 30, the roller 31, the purifying fan 32, the ventilation pipe 33 and the fermenting box cover 74; the bottom of the constant temperature fermenting box 29 can be heated and kept constant temperature, the four corners of the bottom of the constant temperature fermenting box 29 are provided with idler wheels 31, the idler wheels 31 are in rolling connection with the tracks 28, the stirring assembly 30 in the left and right directions is connected inside the constant temperature fermenting box 29 in a rotating mode, the front wall and the rear wall of the constant temperature fermenting box 29 can be opened in a downward rotating mode, carbon-based fertilizer is conveniently discharged, the top of the constant temperature fermenting box 29 is provided with a fermenting box cover 74, the center of the fermenting box cover 74 is connected with a ventilating pipe 33, a purifying fan 32 is arranged above the ventilating pipe 33, and the purifying fan 32 is fixedly connected with one side of the mixing bracket 8.
The working principle and beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the electric valve II 23 is opened to enable the fermentation mixed raw materials to fall into the constant temperature fermentation box 29, the constant temperature fermentation box 29 is driven by the roller 31 to roll left and right on the track 28, so that the fermentation mixed raw materials uniformly fall into each position of the constant temperature fermentation box 29, meanwhile, the water pump 26 starts to work, water in the water storage tank 24 is sprayed into the constant temperature fermentation box 29 through the water supply pipe 25 and the first spray nozzle 27, after the fermentation water requirement is met, the water pump 26 is closed, after the constant temperature fermentation box 29 is filled, the electric valve II 23 is closed to stop conveying, the constant temperature fermentation box 29 starts to heat at constant temperature after the fermentation box cover 74 is closed, fermentation starts to be carried out, the stirring assembly 30 runs at intervals to overturn the fermentation mixed raw materials, and the purifying fan 32 is started intermittently to pump the stimulating gas generated by the fermentation through the ventilation pipe 33, so that the carbon-based fertilizer is finally formed.
The rotten fermentation component provides rotten fermentation space for carbon-based fertilizer raw materials, constant temperature fermentation tank 29 bottom is equipped with constant temperature heating mechanism, guarantees fermentation temperature, even can ferment work when the outside air temperature is lower, and the stirring subassembly 30 of rotten fermentation component satisfies the timely upset in the fermentation for upper and lower fermentation mixed raw materials all ferment, and purifying fan 32 in time takes away the fermentation and produces the pungent gas, satisfies and mixes abundant fermentation and has avoided the staff to inhale the pungent gas simultaneously.
Example 4
In addition to any of embodiments 1 to 3, as shown in fig. 5, the polishing and granulating apparatus 34 is further included, and the polishing and granulating apparatus 34 includes: the grinding box 35, the grinding box 35 top is equipped with grinding motor 36, grinding motor 36 output shaft connects center pin two 37, center pin two 37 rotates and runs through grinding box 35 upper and lower wall, center pin two 37 is last from last fixedly connected guide cover 38 in proper order below, toper grinding disc 40 and band pulley one 41, guide cover 38 fixed surface is equipped with a plurality of broken poles 39, the inside below of toper grinding disc 40 is equipped with lapping plate 42, lapping plate 42 and grinding box 35 inner wall fixed connection, grinding box 35 diapire has discharge opening 43, grinding box 35 below fixed connection rotary granulating box 44, rotary granulating box 44 roof has seted up into powder mouth 45, center pin two 37 passes into powder mouth 45 and bottom fixed connection rotary scraper 46 downwards, rotary granulating box 44 bottom rotates and connects granulation section of thick bamboo 47, granulation section of thick bamboo 47 diapire outwards has the slope of sloping downwards from the center, granulation section of thick bamboo 47 wall has seted up a plurality of through-holes, rotary granulating box 44 bottom lateral wall has seted up oblique outside play grain pipe 48.
The granulation section of thick bamboo 47 is connected with band pulley one 41 through drive mechanism three, and grinding case 35 one side outer wall fixed connection spray water tank 49, spray water tank 49 bottom fixed connection high pressure atomizing pump 50, high pressure atomizing pump 50 below fixed connection water supply hose 51, water supply hose 51 run through rotatory granulation case 44 roof back and connect atomizer 52, atomizer 52 is aimed down rotatory granulation case 44 one side outer wall fixed connection C type mounting bracket 53, C type mounting bracket 53's left end inboard hinge connection spring assembly 54, C type mounting bracket 53 top center lower terminal surface hinge connection dwang one 55, spring assembly 54 top tight dwang one 55 upper portion in the right side, dwang one 55 bottom hinge connection horizontal slide pole 56, horizontal slide pole 56 slides rightward and runs through rotatory granulation case 44 left side wall, horizontal slide pole 56 other end fixed connection atomizer 52, C type mounting bracket 53 top right-hand member perpendicular downward fixed connection mounting panel 57, and the mounting panel 57 front side is fixed and is equipped with servo motor one 76, mounting panel 57 front side rear side is equipped with rotatory cam 58, rotatory cam 58 top tight dwang one 55 right side, servo motor one 76 output shaft rotates and runs through mounting panel 57 rear and is fixedly connected with rotatory cam 58 front end.
The transmission mechanism III comprises: pulley two 69, rotating shaft sleeve 70, rotating shaft three 71, pulley three 72, pulley four 73; the outer wall of one side of the rotary granulating box 44 is fixedly connected with a rotary shaft sleeve 70, a rotary shaft III 71 in the vertical direction is rotationally connected with the rotary shaft 70, the top end of the rotary shaft III 71 is fixedly connected with a belt wheel II 69, the belt wheel II 69 is connected with a belt wheel I41 through belt transmission, the bottom end of the rotary shaft III 71 is fixedly connected with a belt wheel III 72, the center of the bottom end of the granulating cylinder 47 is fixedly connected with a belt wheel IV 73, and the belt wheel III 72 and the belt wheel IV 73 are also connected through a belt.
The working principle and beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: when the grinding and granulating device 34 works, the carbon-based fertilizer enters the grinding box 35 through the second feeding funnel 75, at the moment, the grinding motor 36 operates to drive the second central shaft 37 to rotate, the second central shaft 37 synchronously drives the guide cover 38, the conical grinding disc 40, the first belt wheel 41 and the rotary scraping plate 46 to synchronously rotate, the guide cover 38 rotates to drive the crushing rods 39 to rotate, the carbon-based fertilizer is guided by the guide cover 38 to fall between the conical grinding disc 40 and the grinding plate 42 to be ground into powdery carbon-based fertilizer, the powdery carbon-based fertilizer falls on the surface of the granulating cylinder 47 in the rotary granulating box 44 through the discharge opening 43 and the powder inlet 45 under the action of gravity, the first belt wheel 41 rotates to drive the second belt wheel 69 to rotate through the belt, the second belt wheel 69 drives the third rotary shaft 71 and the third belt wheel 72 to synchronously rotate, the belt pulley III 72 is driven by a belt to rotate the belt pulley IV 73 and the granulating cylinder 47, at the moment, the servo motor is operated to drive the rotating cam 58 to rotate, the rotating cam 58 slides to tightly push the rotating rod I55, the rotating rod I55 is used for pressing the spring component 54 in a reciprocating mode, the bottom end of the rotating rod I55 drives the horizontal sliding rod 56 to slide in a reciprocating mode in the horizontal direction, the horizontal sliding rod 56 drives the atomizing nozzle 52 to reciprocate, the high-pressure atomizing pump 50 works at the moment, water in the water storage tank 24 is conveyed to the atomizing nozzle 52 through the water supply hose 51 to form water mist, the powdery carbon-based fertilizer and water are combined to start rolling spherical particles in differential rotation of the granulating cylinder 47 and the rotating scraper 46, the through hole of the granulating cylinder 47 is thrown out under the centrifugal force effect, and finally the water flows out of the granulating pipe 48.
The grinding and granulating device 34 can grind irregular carbon-based fertilizer particles and agglomerated carbon-based fertilizer into powder to form uniform spherical granular carbon-based fertilizer, which is beneficial to agricultural production fertilization and re-granulation of the massive carbon-based fertilizer.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.

Claims (4)

1. A charcoal-based fertilizer production system is characterized in that: the device comprises a crushing bracket I (1), wherein crushing equipment (2) is fixedly arranged on the crushing bracket I (1), the crushing equipment (2) is used for crushing the carbon-based raw material, a conveying device I (3) is arranged below the crushing equipment (2), and carbonization equipment is arranged at the output end of the conveying device I (3); the carbonization equipment conveys materials to a mixed fermentation device (7) through a conveying device II;
the mixed fermentation device (7) comprises a mixing device, and a fermentation reaction mechanism is arranged below the mixing device;
the mixing device includes: the mixing device comprises a mixing bracket (8), wherein the mixing bracket (8) is fixedly connected with a mixing box (13), the mixing box (13) is in a conical funnel shape, a conical small opening is downward, a box top cover (9) is fixedly arranged at the top end of the mixing box (13), the box top cover (9) is fixedly connected with the top end of the mixing bracket (8), a feeding funnel I (10) is arranged at one side of the box top cover (9), the center of the upper surface of the box top cover (9) is fixedly connected with a mounting seat I (11), a mounting seat II (12) is fixedly connected above the mounting seat I (11), the box top cover (9) penetrates through a rotary sleeve (14) in a rotary connection manner, a driving motor (1201) is fixedly arranged on the mounting seat II (12), and a first driving mechanism (1201) is fixedly connected with a transmission mechanism and provides rotary force for the rotary sleeve (14) to rotate in the mixing box (13);
the bottom of the rotary sleeve (14) is fixedly connected with a horizontal sleeve (15), two ends of the horizontal sleeve (15) are symmetrically provided with a first inclined spiral rod (16) and a second inclined spiral rod (17), the rotary sleeve (14) is rotationally connected with a central rotary shaft (18), the central rotary shaft (18) rotationally penetrates through the centers of the first mounting seat (11) and the horizontal sleeve (15), the bottom end of the central rotary shaft (18) is fixedly connected with a vertical spiral rod (19), the rotary sleeve (14) and the horizontal sleeve are internally provided with a second transmission mechanism, the second transmission mechanism is the central rotary shaft (18), the first inclined spiral rod (16) and the second inclined spiral rod (17) synchronously provide rotating force, the top cover (9) of the feed box is also provided with a plurality of adding feed bins (20), the bottom of the adding feed bins (20) is communicated with a mixing feed box (13) through a feeding pipe, the feeding pipe is provided with an electric valve I (21), the bottom end of the mixing feed box (13) is fixedly provided with a discharging pipe (22), the feeding pipe (22) is provided with an electric valve II (23) on the feeding pipe (22), and the outer wall of one side of the mixing bracket (8) is fixedly connected with a water supply assembly, and the water supply assembly provides a certain proportion for the thoroughly decomposed carbon-based raw materials after mixing; a track (28) in the left-right direction is arranged below the mixing bracket (8);
the fermentation reaction mechanism is a decomposing fermentation assembly, and the decomposing fermentation assembly is arranged above the track (28); the rotten fermentation assembly comprises: the device comprises a constant temperature fermentation box (29), wherein rollers (31) are arranged at four corners of the bottom of the constant temperature fermentation box (29), the rollers (31) are in rolling connection with rails (28), a stirring assembly (30) in the left-right direction is rotationally connected inside the constant temperature fermentation box (29), a fermentation box cover (74) is arranged at the top of the constant temperature fermentation box (29), a ventilation pipe (33) is connected to the center of the fermentation box cover (74), a purifying fan (32) is arranged above the ventilation pipe (33), and the purifying fan (32) is fixedly connected with one side of a mixing bracket (8);
the carbon-based fertilizer production system further comprises a grinding and granulating device (34), and the grinding and granulating device (34) comprises: the grinding machine comprises a grinding box (35), wherein a grinding motor (36) is arranged at the top end of the grinding box (35), an output shaft of the grinding motor (36) is connected with a central shaft II (37), the central shaft II (37) rotates to penetrate through the upper wall and the lower wall of the grinding box (35), a guide cover (38), a conical grinding disc (40) and a belt pulley I (41) are sequentially and fixedly connected to the central shaft II (37) from top to bottom, a plurality of crushing rods (39) are fixedly arranged on the surface of the guide cover (38), a grinding plate (42) is arranged below the inner part of the conical grinding disc (40), the grinding plate (42) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the grinding box (35), a discharge opening (43) is formed in the bottom wall of the grinding box (35), a rotary granulating box (44) is fixedly connected to the lower part of the grinding box, a powder inlet (45) is formed in the top wall of the rotary granulating box (44), a rotary scraping plate (46) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the central shaft II (37) downwards, a granulating drum (47) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the rotary granulating box (47), a plurality of inclined downward slopes are formed in the bottom wall of the granulating drum (47), a plurality of through holes are formed in the wall of the granulating drum (47), and a plurality of inclined granulating particles are formed outside the bottom wall (48) and outwards;
the granulating cylinder (47) is connected with a first belt wheel (41) through a transmission mechanism III, a spray water tank (49) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one side of a grinding box (35), the bottom end of the spray water tank (49) is fixedly connected with a high-pressure atomizing pump (50), a water supply hose (51) is fixedly connected to the lower side of the high-pressure atomizing pump (50), the water supply hose (51) penetrates through the top wall of the rotary granulating box (44) and then is connected with an atomizing nozzle (52), the atomizing nozzle (52) is downwards aligned with the outer wall of one side of the rotary granulating box (44) and is fixedly connected with a C-shaped mounting frame (53), the inner side of the left end of the C-shaped mounting frame (53) is hinged with a spring component (54), the lower end face of the center of the top of the C-shaped mounting frame (53) is hinged with a rotating rod I (55), the spring component (54) is propped against the upper part of the rotating rod I (55) to the right side, the bottom end of the rotating rod I (55) is hinged with a horizontal sliding rod (56), the horizontal sliding rod (56) slides rightwards and penetrates through the left side wall of the rotary granulating box (44), the other end of the horizontal sliding rod (56) is fixedly connected with the atomizing nozzle (52), the right end of the C-shaped mounting frame (53) is vertically downwards fixedly connected with a mounting plate (57), the front side of the motor (57) is fixedly provided with a front side of the rotating cam (58), a front side (58) and a front side of the rotating cam (58) is rotatably provided with a front side of the rotating rod (55), an output shaft of the first servo motor (76) penetrates through the mounting plate (57) in a rotating mode and is fixedly connected with the front end of the rotary cam (58).
2. A carbon-based fertilizer production system according to claim 1, wherein: the carbon-based raw material is plant straw.
3. A carbon-based fertilizer production system according to claim 2, wherein: the crushing equipment (2) is a jaw crusher, and the carbonization equipment is a continuous carbonization furnace (4).
4. A carbon-based fertilizer production system according to claim 1, wherein: the mixed fermentation device (7) mixes the carbon-based fertilizer raw materials, and the carbon-based fertilizer raw materials comprise: the fertilizer comprises any one or a combination of a plurality of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, and the microbial agent comprises any one or a combination of a plurality of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate bacteria and plant growth promoting bacteria.
CN202310459987.2A 2023-04-25 2023-04-25 Charcoal-based fertilizer production system Active CN116462543B (en)

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CN207891281U (en) * 2017-10-30 2018-09-21 北京源农炭肥技术有限公司 A kind of production system of charcoal base compound organic and inorganic fertilizer
CN109248848A (en) * 2018-11-16 2019-01-22 华中农业大学 A kind of granulation rotary strainer integrated device of charcoal base manure
CN109776237A (en) * 2019-01-25 2019-05-21 北京海斯顿水处理设备有限公司 A kind of charcoal base manure fermentation system and fermentation process
CN208980605U (en) * 2018-10-16 2019-06-14 合肥德博生物能源科技有限公司 A kind of fluidized bed biomass carbon prepares charcoal base organic fertilizer recycling device

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN207891281U (en) * 2017-10-30 2018-09-21 北京源农炭肥技术有限公司 A kind of production system of charcoal base compound organic and inorganic fertilizer
CN208980605U (en) * 2018-10-16 2019-06-14 合肥德博生物能源科技有限公司 A kind of fluidized bed biomass carbon prepares charcoal base organic fertilizer recycling device
CN109248848A (en) * 2018-11-16 2019-01-22 华中农业大学 A kind of granulation rotary strainer integrated device of charcoal base manure
CN109776237A (en) * 2019-01-25 2019-05-21 北京海斯顿水处理设备有限公司 A kind of charcoal base manure fermentation system and fermentation process

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