CN114846943A - Soil improvement method for preventing soil acidification - Google Patents
Soil improvement method for preventing soil acidification Download PDFInfo
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- CN114846943A CN114846943A CN202210656088.7A CN202210656088A CN114846943A CN 114846943 A CN114846943 A CN 114846943A CN 202210656088 A CN202210656088 A CN 202210656088A CN 114846943 A CN114846943 A CN 114846943A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2109/00—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE pH regulation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses a soil improvement method for preventing soil acidification, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: preparation of the primary modifier: s1: preparing modified diatomite: and (3) sending the diatomite into a blasting machine for blasting for 10-30s, sending the diatomite into an activation solution for activation after blasting is finished, and then washing, centrifuging and drying. In the soil improvement, the primary modifier is prepared by compounding modified diatomite and the microbial agent, the modified diatomite is exploded and activated by the diatomite so as to improve the surface area and the surface energy of the diatomite, and meanwhile, the microbial agent is adsorbed due to the void structure, so that the contact area and the action effect of the microbial agent and the soil can be improved, the slow release effect is achieved through the void structure, and the modification with long-term action is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil improvement, in particular to a soil improvement method for preventing soil acidification.
Background
The soil improvement is a process of adopting corresponding physical, biological or chemical measures aiming at the bad texture and structure of soil, improving the soil characteristics, improving the soil fertility, increasing the crop yield and improving the human living soil environment. In the soil conservation stage in the soil improvement process, engineering or biological measures are adopted to control the soil loss within the allowable loss range. If the soil loss is not controlled, soil improvement cannot be performed. For the cultivated soil, first, basic farmland construction is performed.
The existing soil improvement acidification-preventing method is simple and has poor soil property improvement effect, and based on the method, the soil improvement method for preventing soil acidification is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a soil improvement method for preventing soil acidification, which solves the problems of the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a soil improvement method for preventing soil acidification, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparation of the primary modifier:
s1: preparing modified diatomite: sending the diatomite into a blasting machine for blasting for 10-30s, sending the diatomite into an activating solution for activation after blasting is finished, and then washing, centrifuging and drying the diatomite;
s2: preparation of the microbial agent: mixing the Burkholderia bacterium agent and the oligosaccharide according to the weight ratio of 3:1, and then sending the mixture into sodium citrate to be stirred and dispersed, wherein the dispersion speed is 100 and 200r/min, and the dispersion time is 20-30min, so as to obtain the microbial agent;
s3: preparation of the primary modifier: feeding the microbial agent into modified diatomite for low-speed stirring at the stirring speed of 50-100r/min for 10-20min, and obtaining a primary modifying agent after the stirring is finished;
step two: initial soil improvement: mixing soil and an initial modifier according to a weight ratio of 10:1, adding deionized water, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 10-20min at an ultrasonic power of 100-200W, standing for 20-30min at a standing temperature of 30-35 ℃, and finally washing, centrifuging and drying;
step three: preparation of organic matrix: adding the modified rectorite powder into a leavening agent for stirring treatment, wherein the stirring speed is 150-250r/min, and the stirring time is 20-30min, so as to obtain an organic matrix;
step four: organic treatment: and (3) putting the organic substrate and the soil primarily modified in the step two into a frying pan with the temperature of 70-78 ℃ for constant-temperature frying for 10-20min, adding 45-45% ethanol solution by mass, heating to 90-95 ℃ at the heating rate of 1-2 ℃/min, and continuously frying for 15-25min at the constant temperature.
Preferably, the pressure of the blasting machine is 4-5MPa, and the relative air humidity in the blasting machine is 93-96%.
Preferably, the preparation method of the activating solution comprises the following steps: mixing methyl palmitate and sodium lauroyl glutamate according to a weight ratio of 4:1, then feeding the mixture into a reaction kettle to react for 10-20min at a temperature of 80-100 ℃, then adding humic acid accounting for 10-20% of the total amount of the methyl palmitate, and stirring the mixture for 20-30min at a rotation speed of 150-200r/min to obtain an activation solution.
Preferably, the preparation method of the modified rectorite powder comprises the following steps: delivering the rectorite into a crusher to be crushed by 30-40 meshes, then carrying out calcination treatment at the calcination temperature of 200-300 ℃ for 10-20min, delivering the rectorite into rare earth liquid to carry out ultrasonic dispersion at the ultrasonic power of 200-250W for 10-20min after the calcination is finished, and obtaining the modified rectorite powder.
Preferably, the rare earth liquid is a rare earth lanthanum chloride and sodium bicarbonate solution according to a weight ratio of 2: 1.
Preferably, the mass fraction of the sodium bicarbonate solution is 10-30%.
Preferably, the mass fraction of the sodium bicarbonate solution is 20%.
Preferably, the preparation method of the leavening agent is as follows: treating livestock and poultry manure with constant temperature steam at the temperature of 100-125 ℃ for 20-25min, taking out, then sending into a fermentation tank for closed fermentation at the fermentation temperature of 30-35 ℃ for 1-3d, and obtaining the leavening agent after the fermentation is finished.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the soil improvement of the invention is characterized in that the primary modifier is prepared by compounding modified diatomite and a microbial agent, the modified diatomite is exploded and activated by the diatomite so as to improve the surface area and the surface energy of the diatomite, meanwhile, the microbial agent is adsorbed by the void structure of the diatomite so as to improve the contact area and the action effect of the microbial agent and the soil, the void structure is used for playing a slow release effect to achieve the long-acting modification, the modified rectorite powder is compounded with the leavening agent in the organic modification to form the modified rectorite powder, the leavening agent is added, the dispersing capacity of the rectorite powder is enhanced after the modification, so that the leavening agent is carried to further enhance the organic improvement effect of the soil, the acidification problem of the soil can be obviously improved by combining the primary modifier and the organic modifier, the soil improvement efficiency is improved, and the content of organic matters in the soil is improved, the soil conditioner can replace acidified soil, eliminate the acidified soil, and simultaneously, beneficial bacteria can treat the soil, so that the soil conditioning effect is improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
the soil improvement method for preventing soil acidification in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparation of the primary modifier:
s1: preparing modified diatomite: sending the diatomite into a blasting machine for blasting for 10s, sending the diatomite into an activating solution for activation after blasting is finished, and then washing, centrifuging and drying the diatomite;
s2: preparation of the microbial agent: mixing Burkholderia bacterium agent and oligosaccharide according to the weight ratio of 3:1, and then feeding the mixture into sodium citrate to be stirred and dispersed, wherein the dispersion speed is 100r/min, and the dispersion time is 20min, so as to obtain a microbial agent;
s3: preparation of the primary modifier: feeding the microbial agent into modified diatomite for low-speed stirring, wherein the stirring speed is 50r/min, the stirring time is 10min, and the stirring is finished to obtain a primary modifying agent;
step two: initial soil improvement: mixing soil and a primary modifier according to a weight ratio of 10:1, adding deionized water, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 10min at an ultrasonic power of 100W, standing for 20min at a standing temperature of 30 ℃, and finally washing, centrifuging and drying;
step three: preparation of organic matrix: adding the modified rectorite powder into a leavening agent for stirring treatment, wherein the stirring rotation speed is 150r/min, and the stirring time is 20min, so as to obtain an organic matrix;
step four, organic treatment: and (3) putting the organic substrate and the soil primarily modified in the step two into a frying pan with the temperature of 70 ℃ for constant-temperature frying for 10min, adding an ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 45%, heating to 90 ℃ at the heating rate of 1 ℃/min, and continuously frying for 15min at the constant temperature.
The pressure of the blasting machine of this example was 4MPa, and the relative air humidity in the blasting machine was 93%.
The preparation method of the activating solution in this example is as follows: mixing methyl palmitate and sodium lauroyl glutamate according to a weight ratio of 4:1, feeding the mixture into a reaction kettle, reacting at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 10min, then adding humic acid accounting for 10% of the total amount of the methyl palmitate, and stirring at the rotating speed of 150r/min for 20min to obtain an activation solution.
The preparation method of the modified rectorite powder of the embodiment comprises the following steps: delivering the rectorite into a pulverizer to be pulverized and sieved by 30 meshes, then calcining at 200 ℃ for 10min, and delivering the rectorite into a rare earth liquid to perform ultrasonic dispersion with the ultrasonic power of 200W for 10min after the calcination is finished, thereby obtaining the modified rectorite powder.
The rare earth solution of the embodiment is composed of rare earth lanthanum chloride and sodium bicarbonate solution according to the weight ratio of 2: 1.
The sodium bicarbonate solution of the present example was 10% by mass.
The preparation method of the leavening agent of the embodiment comprises the following steps: treating livestock and fowl manure with constant temperature steam at 100 deg.C for 20min, taking out, feeding into a fermentation tank, fermenting at 30 deg.C for 1d, and finishing fermentation to obtain the starter.
Example 2:
the soil improvement method for preventing soil acidification in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparation of the primary modifier:
s1: preparing modified diatomite: sending the diatomite into a blasting machine for blasting for 10s, sending the diatomite into an activating solution for activation after blasting is finished, and then washing, centrifuging and drying the diatomite;
s2: preparation of the microbial agent: mixing Burkholderia bacterium agent and oligosaccharide according to the weight ratio of 3:1, and then feeding the mixture into sodium citrate to be stirred and dispersed, wherein the dispersion speed is 200r/min, and the dispersion time is 30min, so as to obtain a microbial agent;
s3: preparation of the primary modifier: feeding the microbial agent into modified diatomite for low-speed stirring, wherein the stirring speed is 100r/min, the stirring time is 20min, and the primary modifying agent is obtained after the stirring is finished;
step two: initial soil improvement: mixing soil and a primary modifier according to a weight ratio of 10:1, adding deionized water, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 20min at an ultrasonic power of 200W, standing for 30min at a standing temperature of 35 ℃, and finally washing, centrifuging and drying;
step three: preparation of organic matrix: adding the modified rectorite powder into a leavening agent for stirring treatment, wherein the stirring rotation speed is 250r/min, and the stirring time is 30min, so as to obtain an organic matrix;
step four, organic treatment: and (3) putting the organic substrate and the soil primarily modified in the step two into a frying pan with the temperature of 78 ℃ for constant-temperature frying for 20min, adding an ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 45%, heating to 95 ℃ at the heating rate of 2 ℃/min, and continuously frying for 25min at the constant temperature.
The pressure of the blasting machine of this example was 5MPa, and the relative air humidity in the blasting machine was 96%.
The preparation method of the activating solution in this example is as follows: mixing methyl palmitate and sodium lauroyl glutamate according to a weight ratio of 4:1, feeding the mixture into a reaction kettle, reacting at the temperature of 100 ℃ for 20min, then adding humic acid accounting for 20% of the total amount of the methyl palmitate, and stirring at the rotating speed of 200r/min for 30min to obtain an activation solution.
The preparation method of the modified rectorite powder of the embodiment comprises the following steps: delivering the rectorite into a pulverizer to be pulverized and sieved by 40 meshes, then calcining at the temperature of 300 ℃ for 20min, and delivering the rectorite into a rare earth liquid to perform ultrasonic dispersion at the ultrasonic power of 250W for 20min after the calcination is finished, thereby obtaining the modified rectorite powder.
The rare earth solution of the embodiment is composed of rare earth lanthanum chloride and sodium bicarbonate solution according to the weight ratio of 2: 1.
The sodium bicarbonate solution of the present example was 30% by mass.
The sodium bicarbonate solution of the present example was 20% by mass.
The preparation method of the leavening agent of the embodiment comprises the following steps: treating livestock and poultry manure with constant temperature steam at 125 deg.C for 25min, taking out, feeding into a fermentation tank, fermenting at 35 deg.C for 3d, and finishing fermentation to obtain the starter.
Example 3:
the soil improvement method for preventing soil acidification in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparation of the primary modifier:
s1: preparing modified diatomite: sending the diatomite into a blasting machine for blasting for 20s, sending the diatomite into an activating solution for activation after blasting is finished, and then washing, centrifuging and drying the diatomite;
s2: preparation of the microbial agent: mixing Burkholderia bacterium agent and oligosaccharide according to the weight ratio of 3:1, and then feeding the mixture into sodium citrate to be stirred and dispersed, wherein the dispersion speed is 150r/min, and the dispersion time is 25min, so as to obtain a microbial agent;
s3: preparation of the primary modifier: feeding the microbial agent into modified diatomite for low-speed stirring at the stirring speed of 75r/min for 15min, and obtaining a primary modifying agent after the stirring is finished;
step two: initial soil improvement: mixing soil and a primary modifier according to a weight ratio of 10:1, adding deionized water, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 15min at an ultrasonic power of 150W, standing for 25min at a standing temperature of 32.5 ℃, and finally washing, centrifuging and drying;
step three: preparation of organic matrix: adding the modified rectorite powder into a leavening agent for stirring treatment, wherein the stirring rotation speed is 200r/min, and the stirring time is 25min, so as to obtain an organic matrix;
step four, organic treatment: and (3) putting the organic substrate and the soil primarily modified in the step two into a frying pan with the temperature of 74 ℃ for constant-temperature frying for 15min, adding an ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 42.5%, heating to 92.5 ℃ at the heating rate of 1.5 ℃/min, and continuously frying for 20min at the constant temperature.
The pressure of the blasting machine of this example was 4.5MPa, and the relative air humidity in the blasting machine was 94.5%.
The preparation method of the activating solution in this example is as follows: mixing methyl palmitate and sodium lauroyl glutamate according to a weight ratio of 4:1, feeding the mixture into a reaction kettle, reacting at the temperature of 90 ℃ for 15min, then adding humic acid accounting for 15% of the total amount of the methyl palmitate, and stirring at the rotating speed of 175r/min for 25min to obtain an activation solution.
The preparation method of the modified rectorite powder of the embodiment comprises the following steps: delivering the rectorite into a pulverizer to be pulverized and sieved by 35 meshes, then calcining at 250 ℃ for 15min, and after calcining, delivering the rectorite into a rare earth liquid to be ultrasonically dispersed, wherein the ultrasonic power is 225W, and the ultrasonic time is 15min, so as to obtain the modified rectorite powder.
The rare earth solution of the embodiment is composed of rare earth lanthanum chloride and sodium bicarbonate solution according to the weight ratio of 2: 1.
The sodium bicarbonate solution of the present example was 20% by mass.
The preparation method of the leavening agent of the embodiment comprises the following steps: treating livestock and fowl manure with constant temperature steam at 112.5 deg.C for 22.5min, taking out, feeding into a fermentation tank, sealing, fermenting at 32.5 deg.C for 2 days, and finishing fermentation to obtain the starter.
Comparative example 1:
soil without any treatment.
The soil of examples 1-3 and comparative example 1 was tested for its physicochemical properties.
The test results are as follows.
| Group of | Organic matter content (g/Kg) | ProbioticsBacteria content (CFU/g) |
| Example 1 | 13.3 | 4.1×10 10 |
| Example 2 | 13.1 | 4.3×10 10 |
| Example 3 | 13.5 | 4.5×10 10 |
| Comparative example 1 | 6.2 | 2.2×10 10 |
The examples 1-3 and the comparative example 1 show that after the soil is treated, the organic matter content and the probiotic content are both obviously improved, and the soil acidification improvement effect is obvious.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (8)
1. A method of improving soil to prevent acidification of the soil, comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: preparation of the primary modifier:
s1: preparing modified diatomite: sending the diatomite into a blasting machine for blasting for 10-30s, sending the diatomite into an activating solution for activation after blasting is finished, and then washing, centrifuging and drying the diatomite;
s2: preparation of the microbial agent: mixing the Burkholderia bacterium agent and the oligosaccharide according to the weight ratio of 3:1, and then sending the mixture into sodium citrate to be stirred and dispersed, wherein the dispersion speed is 100 and 200r/min, and the dispersion time is 20-30min, so as to obtain the microbial agent;
s3: preparation of the primary modifier: feeding the microbial agent into modified diatomite for low-speed stirring at the stirring speed of 50-100r/min for 10-20min, and obtaining a primary modifying agent after the stirring is finished;
step two: initial soil improvement: mixing soil and an initial modifier according to a weight ratio of 10:1, adding deionized water, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 10-20min at an ultrasonic power of 100-200W, standing for 20-30min at a standing temperature of 30-35 ℃, and finally washing, centrifuging and drying;
step three: preparation of organic matrix: adding the modified rectorite powder into a leavening agent for stirring treatment, wherein the stirring speed is 150-250r/min, and the stirring time is 20-30min, so as to obtain an organic matrix;
step four: organic treatment: and (3) putting the organic substrate and the primarily modified soil in the step two into a frying pan with the temperature of 70-78 ℃ for constant-temperature frying for 10-20min, adding 45-45% ethanol solution by mass, heating to 90-95 ℃ at the heating rate of 1-2 ℃/min, and continuously frying for 15-25min at the constant temperature.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the pressure of the blasting machine is 4-5MPa, and the relative air humidity in the blasting machine is 93-96%.
3. The soil improvement method for preventing soil acidification according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the activating solution comprises: mixing methyl palmitate and sodium lauroyl glutamate according to a weight ratio of 4:1, then feeding the mixture into a reaction kettle to react for 10-20min at a temperature of 80-100 ℃, then adding humic acid accounting for 10-20% of the total amount of the methyl palmitate, and stirring the mixture for 20-30min at a rotation speed of 150-200r/min to obtain an activation solution.
4. The method for improving soil to prevent soil acidification according to claim 1, wherein the modified rectorite powder is prepared by the following steps: delivering the rectorite into a crusher to be crushed by 30-40 meshes, then carrying out calcination treatment at the calcination temperature of 200-300 ℃ for 10-20min, delivering the rectorite into rare earth liquid to carry out ultrasonic dispersion at the ultrasonic power of 200-250W for 10-20min after the calcination is finished, and obtaining the modified rectorite powder.
5. The soil improvement method for preventing soil acidification according to claim 4, wherein the rare earth liquid is composed of rare earth lanthanum chloride and sodium bicarbonate solution according to a weight ratio of 2: 1.
6. The soil improvement method for preventing soil acidification according to claim 5, wherein the mass fraction of said sodium bicarbonate solution is 10-30%.
7. The soil improvement method for preventing soil acidification according to claim 6, wherein the mass fraction of said sodium bicarbonate solution is 20%.
8. The soil improvement method for preventing soil acidification according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the leaven is: treating livestock and poultry manure with constant temperature steam at the temperature of 100-125 ℃ for 20-25min, taking out, then sending into a fermentation tank for closed fermentation at the fermentation temperature of 30-35 ℃ for 1-3d, and obtaining the leavening agent after the fermentation is finished.
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