CN109942349A - A kind of heavy metal pollution of soil conditioner and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of heavy metal pollution of soil conditioner and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of conditioner and preparation method thereof of heavy metal pollution of soil reparation, soil conditioner ingredient includes: component A mineral, including Yellow Phosphorous Slag, bog moss soil, titanium gypsum etc.；B component mixture, including distiller's dried grain, animal wastes, agricultural crop straw, bagasse, wheat bran and mushroom culture medium material etc.；Component C active fermentation material, including Yoghourt, vinasse etc..The conditioner mainly uses industry and agricultural by-products, it is made up of simple fermentation process, it can not only heavy metal in effective fixing soil, soil with organic matter and nutrient element content can also be improved, the conditioner also contains a large amount of microorganisms, can be that plant is easier the ingredient absorbed by the organic matter decomposition of soil.Conditioner cost of material of the invention is relatively low, and there is no the risks of secondary pollution, high to the passivation efficiency of heavy metal, can also improve the fertility of soil, the resultant effect of soil conditioning is preferable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to soil conditioning technical fields, and in particular to a kind of soil tune that heavy metal pollution of soil conditioning is repaired
Agent is managed, the preparation method of the soil conditioner is further related to, belongs to soil conditioner technical field.
Background technique
With the development of industry, pursue many behaviors of economic benefit such as simply: industrial wastewater is irrigated, the excessive of pesticide makes
With with mining industry it is unreasonable exploitation etc., cause heavy metal pollution of soil increasingly severe.The concealment and hysteresis quality of soil pollution, no
If air and water pollution after cutting off pollution sources have certain self purification, cannot timely be found after polluting with
Processing, and heavy metal pollution of soil is that the irreversible improvement difficult period is long, so that a series of ecological problems of bring, food are asked
Topic and underground water pollution problem, cause serious influence to human health and the ecological balance.So it is dirty to solve heavy metal-polluted soil
Dye problem is extremely urgent
Currently, developed different recovery techniques to remove heavy-metal contaminated soil, it is main include based on physics,
The heavy metals removal and fixing means that the means of chemistry and biology are realized.Wherein, solidification/stabilization technique due to cost relatively
It is low, easy to use, comprehensive strength is high, antibiont degradation capability is high, be relatively suitble to China's soil resource populous so in short supply
Country, so the relatively multi-purpose curing technology repairing heavy metal in soil pollution in China.Nowadays about the soil remediation material of heavy metal
It is in the ascendant, but it is most of all there is, at high cost, usage amount is big, destroys soil texture etc., really can be with practical application
It is few.Such as: lime is a kind of effective repair materials of comparison, can significantly change the biology of heavy metal by improving soil pH value
Validity, but its immobilization effect can only continue or so a year and a half, and continuous administration lime is easily destroyed soil granular knot
It is configured to soil hardening；Phosphate is also widely used for the reparation of heavy metal-polluted soil, however, phosphate contains titanium pigment
Release reveals biggish outrophication risk to earth's surface water meter；Palygorskite, sepiolite and the pollution of tourmaline repairing heavy metal in soil
Usage amount up to 5%, dosage is excessively high more difficult to be used for practical application；Biomass carbon is also a kind of preferable fixed material, but
It is to need higher pyrolysis temperature, it is at high cost；It is cheap that how one kind is found, and safe and efficient repair materials are closed as us
The major issue of note.In order to solve these problems, the new material research of repairing heavy metal in soil pollution has become a hot topic and grinds
Study carefully project.
Summary of the invention
At high cost existing for immobilization material of the purpose of the present invention for existing heavy metal pollution of soil, destruction soil knot
The structure disadvantage and deficiency low with fixed heavy metal ability provide a kind of new heavy-metal contaminated soil reparation conditioner.Efficient
Waste, which is solved, while the fertility of fixed heavy metal and raising soil takes up an area resource problem.
The purpose of the present invention is what is be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of conditioner of heavy metal pollution of soil reparation, which is characterized in that be made of the following raw material: component A mineral, packet
Include Yellow Phosphorous Slag, bog moss soil, titanium gypsum etc.；B component mixture, including vinasse, animal wastes, agricultural crop straw, bagasse,
Wheat bran and mushroom culture medium material etc.；Component C active fermentation material, including Yoghourt, vinasse etc..
Component A mineral, B component mixture, the active mass volume ratio of component C are 1-3:1:0.01-0.15 (w:w:v).
The component A mineral, by Yellow Phosphorous Slag, bog moss soil, titanium gypsum according to 3-5:0.5:1 mass ratio mixing and
At.Preferred embodiment is Yellow Phosphorous Slag, bog moss soil, titanium gypsum are mixed according to the mass ratio of 7:2:2.
The component A mineral, Yellow Phosphorous Slag are derived from Xingfa Group, Hubei Province, wash away surface impurity, are placed in 105 DEG C of baking ovens
Middle drying, ball mill grinding sieve with 100 mesh sieve, and chemical component is mainly SiO2And CaO.
The component A mineral, bog moss soil are that company, Top, Denmark produces bog moss, and moss fineness degree is 10-30mm,
pH 5.8-6.2。
The component A mineral, titanium gypsum are derived from Wuhan Qingjian River Chemical Co., Ltd., wash away surface impurity, are placed in 105 DEG C
Drying, ball mill grinding sieve with 100 mesh sieve, and chemical component is mainly CaO and Fe2O3。
The B component mixture, by distiller's dried grain, animal wastes, agricultural crop straw, bagasse, wheat bran and mushroom culture medium
For material according to 1.5-3:1:4-8:1.5-3:1.5-3:0.3-0.8, preferred embodiment is that the mass ratio of 2:1:6:2:2:0.5 grinds mixing
It forms.
The distiller's dried grain includes: that the distiller's dried grain includes: extra dry red wine vinasse, dry beer vinasse, extra dry white wine vinasse moisture content
Respectively less than 2% one or several kinds.
The animal wastes include: including chicken manure, cow dung, pig manure, sheep dung one or more.
The agricultural crop straw includes: the one or more of wheat stalk, corn stover, rice straw, soybean stalk.
The bagasse is that sugarcane squeezes remaining wood wastes after sugar-cane juice.
The wheat bran is the outermost epidermis of wheat.
The mushroom culture medium material is that base-material is discarded in mushroom planting base.
The component C active fermentation material includes: Yoghourt, vinasse.
The component C Yoghourt is commercially available yoghourt.
The component C vinasse include: red wine grain, the one or several kinds of brewex's grains, distillers ' grains；Wherein, red wine grain, beer
Vinasse, distillers ' grains moisture be all larger than 60%, total plate count is all larger than 1.0 × 106The one or several kinds of cfu/g.
A kind of preparation method of the conditioner of heavy metal pollution of soil reparation includes:
(1) prepared by zymocyte liquid: after deionization mixing is added in B component mixture, obtaining culture solution, adds C component
Microorganism, 25-30 DEG C at a temperature of, and under 200-250rpm rate stir culture 6-12h formed zymocyte liquid；
(2) ferment: B component mixture takes out a part and the zymocyte liquid of step (1) is uniformly mixed, and keeps 75-85%
Water content, and ferment one month under the conditions of 30-45 DEG C, air-dry, obtain mixed fermentation material；
(3) it mixes: component A mineral and mixed fermentation material is mixed to the tune that heavy metal pollution of soil reparation can be prepared
Manage agent.
In the step (1), the relationship between quality of B component mixture and component C microorganism is 1:10-15；
In step (2), the mass volume ratio of B component mixture and zymocyte liquid is 1:0.01-0.15 (w/v)；
In step (3), the mass ratio 1.2-3:1 of component A mineral and mixed fermentation material.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
Component A of the invention plays a leading role in terms of the biological effectiveness for reducing heavy metal, effect be many-sided
's.On the one hand, component A is in that the pH (7.28-8.78) of soil can be improved in alkaline (ph=8-10.2), to induce heavy metal raw
At precipitating.On the other hand, the Ca that component A contains2+、K+、Na+Etc. the cation exchange capacity (CEC) that soil can be improved in a variety of cations
(24%-68%), these cations can carry out ion exchange with the heavy metal in soil thus by heavy metal adsorption in soil
Colloid surface reduces heavy metal-polluted soil validity.Furthermore component A contain a large amount of phosphate and silicate can in soil
Heavy metal complex reaction occurs, forms precipitating or mineral, reduce the mobility of heavy metal, and these substances are all soil battalion
Element is supported, can promote the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, increases dry-matter accumulation, improves the utilization rate and grain yield of nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer.
But soil aggregate structure individually is easily destroyed using component A.So we are useless with the B component agricultural of high organic content
Gurry improves the soil organism, soil activation, preservation capacity of water and fertility and keeps soil from packing together, soil protection ecological environment, improves A
Adverse effect of the component mineral constituent to soil texture.In addition to this, existing research report hair B component agricultural wastes also have
The effect of certain fixation heavy metal.Using microorganism degraded by fermentation process B component agricultural wastes be because agricultural
Waste directly carries out agricultural fertilizer, not only generates a large amount of peculiar smell, but also utilization rate is low, under field conditions (factors) the agriculture of B component
The decomposition of industry waste is slower, after microorganism is added, greatly accelerates agricultural wastes degradation process, can will be in agricultural crop straw
Being not easy the substance decompositions such as the cellulose utilized by crops, hemicellulose is the small molecule carbohydrate easily utilized by crops, such as Portugal
Grape sugar, fructose etc.；Pass through microorganism conversion simultaneously, it is living to synthesize the physiology such as a variety of amino acid, mycoprotein, fatty acid and vitamin
Property substance, improve nutritive value, meet crops to the needs of a variety of nutriments such as energy, its utilization rate can be improved.It is micro-
Bioselection S. cervisiae and lactic acid bacteria, because S. cervisiae (vinasse) has the function of fixed heavy metal and fermentation；Cream
Sour bacterium (Yoghourt) has preferable fermentation, and two kinds of microorganisms are cheap and easy to get, can ferment at room temperature, jointly
B component agricultural wastes are degraded to the nutritional ingredient that plant is easier to utilize, thus increase soil fertility (organic matter, water holding
Property, aeration, available nutrient content) and biological activity of soil index (microbial biomass, C/N, soil respiration).Component A and fermentation
The biological effectiveness of the reduction heavy metal of B component collaboration afterwards, hence it is evident that the content of beary metal of plant is reduced, to improve crops
Yield and safety.
Manufacture craft of the present invention is simple, it is only necessary to simple fermentation process, and can ferment at room temperature, it is not required to
Want special installation and cumbersome treatment process, strong operability.
Primary raw material of the invention is the trade wastes such as Yellow Phosphorous Slag, bog moss soil, titanium gypsum and B component grain, animal
The agricultural wastes such as excrement, agricultural crop straw, bagasse, wheat bran and mushroom culture medium.Raw material is cheap and easy to get, greatly reduces
The cost of heavy metal-polluted soil reparation, and raw material is all that natural component causes the risk of secondary pollution lower environment, is being repaired
Also solved the problems, such as while heavy-metal contaminated soil the wasting of resources, waste accumulation occupy land resource, reach change give up into
Precious effect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the pH of component A mineral Yellow Phosphorous Slag of the present invention, bog moss soil, titanium gypsum.
Fig. 2 is B component mixture of the present invention, the content of organic matter of vinasse.
Specific embodiment
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, below in conjunction with attached drawing and embodiment is enumerated,
The present invention is described in further details
Embodiment 1: the preparation method of soil conditioner
Component A mineral are mixed by Yellow Phosphorous Slag, bog moss soil, titanium gypsum according to the mass ratio of 7:2:1.
B component mixture is selected: dry beer vinasse, cow dung, wheat stalk, bagasse, wheat bran and mushroom culture medium material.
B component mixture, each component in parts by mass, dry beer vinasse, cow dung, wheat stalk, bagasse, wheat bran and mushroom
Culture medium grinds according to the mass ratio of 2:1:6:2:1:0.1 and mixes.
Component C active fermentation material, Yoghourt select commercially available yoghourt.
Component C active fermentation material, vinasse select brewex's grains.
The mixture of preparation is taken out into 10g or so, is prepared into slurries with 1L sterile deionized water, is uniformly mixed, is trained
Nutrient solution.
Component C brewex's grains 10g, Yoghourt 100ml are added separately to culture solution, and the 6h that ferments under the conditions of 30-33 DEG C, shape
At zymocyte liquid.
Above-mentioned zymocyte liquid is added in remaining B component mixture, the additional amount of zymocyte liquid is premix
5%v/w, ferment 72h under the conditions of normal pressure, 25-40 DEG C, air-dries, obtains mixed fermentation material
By component A mineral and fermentation materials each component 1:1 in parts by mass, it is uniformly mixed, soil conditioner product is made.
Embodiment 2: the preparation method of soil conditioner
Component A mineral are mixed by Yellow Phosphorous Slag, bog moss soil, titanium gypsum according to the mass ratio of 7:1:1.
B component mixture is selected: extra dry white wine vinasse, cow dung, wheat stalk, bagasse, wheat bran and mushroom culture medium material.
B component mixture, each component in parts by mass, extra dry white wine vinasse, cow dung, wheat stalk, bagasse, wheat bran and mushroom
Culture base-material grinds according to the mass ratio of 2:1:5:1:1:0.5 and mixes.
Component C active fermentation material, Yoghourt select commercially available yoghourt.
Component C active fermentation material, vinasse select distillers ' grains.
The B component mixture of preparation is taken out into 10g or so, is prepared into slurries with 1L sterile deionized water, is uniformly mixed, obtains
To culture solution.
The distillers ' grains 10g of component C, Yoghourt 100mL are added separately to culture solution, and fermented under the conditions of 30-33 DEG C
2h forms zymocyte liquid.
Above-mentioned zymocyte liquid is added in remaining B component mixture, the additional amount of zymocyte liquid is premix
15%v/w, ferment 72h under the conditions of normal pressure, 25-40 DEG C, air-dries, obtains mixed fermentation material.
By component A mineral and fermentation materials each component 1:2 in parts by mass, it is uniformly mixed, soil conditioner product is made.
Embodiment 3: the preparation method of soil conditioner
Component A mineral are mixed by Yellow Phosphorous Slag, bog moss soil, titanium gypsum according to the mass ratio of 7:3:1.
B component mixture is selected: dry beer vinasse, cow dung, soybean stalk, bagasse, wheat bran and mushroom culture medium material.
B component mixture, each component in parts by mass, brewex's grains, cow dung, soybean stalk, wheat bran, bagasse, wheat bran and
Mushroom culture medium material grinds according to the mass ratio of 3:1:5:1:1:0.2 and mixes.
Component C active fermentation material, Yoghourt select commercially available yoghourt.
Component C active fermentation material, vinasse select brewex's grains.
The B component mixture of preparation is taken out into 10g or so, is prepared into slurries with 1L deionized water, is uniformly mixed, is trained
Nutrient solution.
The brewex's grains 10g of component C, Yoghourt 100ml are added separately to culture solution, and the 2h that ferments under the conditions of 30-33 DEG C,
Form zymocyte liquid.
Above-mentioned zymocyte liquid is added in remaining B component mixture, the additional amount of zymocyte liquid is premix
2%, ferment 72h under the conditions of normal pressure, 25-40 DEG C, obtains mixed fermentation material.
By component A mineral and fermentation materials each component 2:1 in parts by mass, it is uniformly mixed, soil conditioner product is made.
Embodiment 4
Soil conditioner made from above-described embodiment 1 is uniformly mixed with cadmium pollution soil (3.89mg/kg), conditioner is applied
Adding rate is not 0.5%, 1%, 2% (w/w), and to be not added with conditioner as control group, every basin fills soil 4.0kg, each processing setting 3
A parallel, pot experiment does not add base fertilizer, plants pakchoi, ventilation and sunlight is placed on well and the place taken shelter from rain, wait germinate
Final singling afterwards, keeping soil moisture with weight method daily is 70% (w/v) of soil relative water content, harvests pakchoi after January.
Soil nutrient and Analysis of Heavy Metals the results are shown in Table 1 before testing.
Table 1
It is of the invention the result shows that the use of the soil conditioner increases the pH of soil, available phosphorus, effective silicon and organic
The increase of matter content, these indexs not only increases the fertility of soil, and the stability of cadmium in the soil can be improved, and reduces
The content of heavy metal in soil cadmium available state.Suitable for lack silicon, phosphorus, slant acidity soil.The use of the soil conditioner may be used also
Significantly to reduce the cadmium content in the edible portion of pakchoi.The cadmium content of 0.5% usage amount, the edible portion of pakchoi is reduced
37.86%, the cadmium content of 1% usage amount, the edible portion of pakchoi reduces 62.25%, the 2% edible portion of usage amount pakchoi
Cadmium content reduces 75.56%.Reasonably had using the soil conditioner to the immobilization of cadmium in soil and the improvement of soil quality
Effect.
Embodiment 5
Soil conditioner made from above-described embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 is applied to Yichang Cd-Pb contaminated soil to repair
It is multiple, 3 kinds of processing modes of experimental design: do not add soil conditioner；Add 100kg/ mus of 1 soil conditioner of embodiment；Addition is real
Apply 100kg/ mus of 2 soil conditioner of example, every kind of processing kind 3 parallel samples of design.Method of administration: soil conditioner is equably applied
It uses and is turned in field, harrows even, plantation pakchoi.Pakchoi is harvested after 2 months.Soil nutrient and heavy metal contain before testing
Amount analysis the results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2
Technical solution of the present invention shows that the use of two kinds of soil conditioners increases the pH of soil, available phosphorus, effectively
Silicon and the content of organic matter improve the fertility of soil.But the effect of embodiment 1 is preferable in contrast, in the formula of embodiment 1
Phosphorus ore slag large percentage, while the pH higher (Fig. 1) of Yellow Phosphorous Slag, in terms of a fixed huge sum of money preferably, while beer vinasse has
Machine matter content is higher (Fig. 2), more preferable compared to spirit stillage in terms of increasing the soil organism.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned act, the present invention can be realized with other way.Within the essential scope of the present invention, not
Any variations, modifications, additions or substitutions made under the premise of being detached from present inventive concept, all should belong to protection model of the invention
It encloses.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of conditioner of heavy metal pollution of soil reparation, which is characterized in that be made of the following raw material:
Component A mineral, including Yellow Phosphorous Slag, bog moss soil, titanium gypsum；
B component mixture, including distiller's dried grain, animal wastes, agricultural crop straw, bagasse, wheat bran and mushroom culture medium material；
Component C active fermentation material, including Yoghourt, vinasse；
Component A mineral, B component mixture, the active mass volume ratio of component C are 1-3:1:0.01-0.15(w:w:v).
2. the conditioner of heavy metal pollution of soil reparation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: Yellow Phosphorous Slag, peat
Moss soil, titanium gypsum mass ratio be 3-5:0.5:1.
3. the conditioner of heavy metal pollution of soil reparation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the Yellow Phosphorous Slag
Surface impurity is washed away, is placed in 100-110 DEG C of baking oven and dries, ball mill grinding sieves with 100 mesh sieve to obtain；Bog moss soil: for pellet
Company, wheat Top produces bog moss, and moss fineness degree is 10-30mm, pH5.8-6.2；Titanium gypsum is washed away surface impurity, is placed in
100-110 DEG C of drying, ball mill grinding sieve with 100 mesh sieve to obtain.
4. the conditioner of heavy metal pollution of soil reparation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: distiller's dried grain in B component,
Animal wastes, agricultural crop straw, bagasse, wheat bran and mushroom culture medium material mass ratio 1.5-3:1:4-8:1.5-3:1.5-3:
0.3-0.8。
5. the conditioner of heavy metal pollution of soil reparation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the distiller's dried grain packet
It includes: red wine grain, the one or several kinds of brewex's grains, distillers ' grains；The red wine grain, brewex's grains, the moisture content of distillers ' grains are equal
Less than 2%.
6. the conditioner of heavy metal pollution of soil reparation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the animal wastes
Include: chicken manure, cow dung, pig manure, sheep dung one or more.
7. the conditioner of heavy metal pollution of soil reparation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the crops straw
Stalk includes: the one or more of wheat stalk, corn stover, rice straw, soybean stalk.
8. the conditioner of heavy metal pollution of soil reparation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: component C active fermentation
Yoghourt in material, vinasse relationship between quality be 1:8-15；Vinasse include red wine grain, the one or several kinds of brewex's grains, distillers ' grains；
Wherein, red wine grain, brewex's grains, distillers ' grains moisture be all larger than 60%, total plate count is all larger than 1.0 × 106One kind of cfu/g or
Person is several.
9. the preparation method of the conditioner of heavy metal pollution of soil reparation according to claim 1-8, feature
It is:
(1) prepared by zymocyte liquid: after B component mixture is taken out a part addition deionization mixing, obtaining culture solution, adds
Component C microorganism, 25-30 DEG C at a temperature of, and under 200-250rpm rate stir culture 6-12h formed zymocyte liquid；
(2) ferment: B component mixture and the zymocyte liquid of step (1) are uniformly mixed, and keep the water content of 75-85%, and in 30-
It ferments one month under the conditions of 45 DEG C, air-dries, obtain mixed fermentation material；
(3) it mixes: component A mineral and mixed fermentation material is mixed to the conditioning that heavy metal pollution of soil reparation can be prepared
Agent.
10. the preparation method of the conditioner of heavy metal pollution of soil reparation according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: step
Suddenly in (1), the relationship between quality of B component mixture and component C microorganism is 1:10-15；
In step (2), the mass volume ratio of B component mixture and zymocyte liquid is 1:0.01-0.15(w/v)；
In step (3), the mass ratio 1.2-3:1 of component A mineral and mixed fermentation material.
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| CN113999684A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-02-01 | 三友生物(烟台)有限公司 | Soil conditioning composition and preparation method thereof |
| CN113999684B (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2023-06-16 | 三友生物(烟台)有限公司 | Soil conditioning composition and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20190628 |