CN102093126A - Method for producing bio-fertilizer from waste organic matters - Google Patents
Method for producing bio-fertilizer from waste organic matters Download PDFInfo
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- CN102093126A CN102093126A CN2010105722059A CN201010572205A CN102093126A CN 102093126 A CN102093126 A CN 102093126A CN 2010105722059 A CN2010105722059 A CN 2010105722059A CN 201010572205 A CN201010572205 A CN 201010572205A CN 102093126 A CN102093126 A CN 102093126A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for producing a bio-fertilizer from waste organic matters. The method comprises the following steps of: treating liquid and semi-liquid industrial wastes into solid organic matters according to the liquid adsorption property of dry straw; inoculating strains into the treated solid organic matters for fermenting; and adding a biological agent and nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium nutrients into the fermented organic matters for mixing or pelletizing to obtain the bio-fertilizer. The invention has the characteristics of simple method, realization of recycling of resources, promotion of the development of environmentally-friendly and ecological organic agriculture and guarantee of the safety of agricultural products and makes wastes profitable.
Description
One, technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of agricultural fertilizer and preparation method, particularly a kind of method of utilizing organic waste to produce bio-feritlizer.
Two, background technology
The agricultural crop straw amount is big,, be placed on after the results after the field dries, mostly burnt by direct field, cause serious topsoil, some places even therefore lead to Serious Accident cause the tremendous economic loss.A large amount of farming stalks does not have development and use substantially.
Fluid attitude organic wastes such as manioc waste, potato slag, filter mud of sugar refinery, yeast waste liquor, quantity discharged is very big, because of being the fluid attitude, administers difficulty, and the enterprise governance cost is high, does not administer, and environmental pollution is very big.Part enterprise is for solving the environment protection emission problem at present, increase the evaporation drying unit, provide steam to concentrate this waste liquid of oven dry as thermal source with a large amount of coals, gas, and by being lower than the price developing target market purposes of cost, to scheme digesting them, cause the significant wastage of resource and the pollution once more of environment.Or adopt the way that takies a large amount of arable lands, and they are carried out natural drying, to scheme reducing moisture, be used after the curing, but long processing period, processing efficiency is extremely low, far can not satisfy the requirement of discharging.
The a large amount of chemical fertilizer of the long-term single administration of ploughing, soil fertility is seriously depleted, Soil structure is seriously damaged, output reduces year by year, crops quality descends year by year, and disease and pest is serious, is badly in need of changing this single pattern to fertilize, change execute have for fertile, improve the soil, the fertilizer of function such as diseases prevention, this has just created huge market for bio-feritlizer.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the method for utilizing organic waste to produce bio-feritlizer,, utilize straw powder to solidify at above organic waste, biological treatment, the means such as fermentation of banking up are processed into the bio-feritlizer that can directly use, turn waste into wealth, realize the recycling utilization of resource.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme: a kind of bio-feritlizer, contain the raw material of following weight part:
The drying in the sun stalk dries in the air: 35~65
Liquid semi liquid state is discarded organic: 35~65
Nitrogen phosphorus potassium raw material: 0~50
Bacteria agent: 5~10
Middle trace element fertilizer: 0~10
Material is added in modification: 0~25
A kind of method of utilizing organic waste to produce bio-feritlizer comprises the steps:
1, water content being done in airing is crushed to below 18 orders standby less than the stalk below 5% with beater disintegrating machine;
2, allocate straw powder into biaxial rneader, start stirrer simultaneously with allocating manioc waste (filter mud, yeast juice etc.) into, by straw powder: the mixed of waste residue (liquid)=1: 1, add the become thoroughly decomposed urea of agent and 2~5 ‰ of 2~4 ‰ stalk in the mixing, obtain water content after stirring and be 25%~30% fermentation materials;
3, the fermented product stockpile is high 2~3 meters, fermentation time 10~15 days when temperature surpasses 65 ℃ in the heap, carries out turning, banks up that the turning number of times is no less than 2 times between yeast phase, best 2~4 times;
4, the material that ferments and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium inorganic fertilizer raw material are needed and add the microbial inoculum of 5% the bacillus laterosporus that mainly contains effective viable count 500,000,000/gram by prescription; pack or send into tablets press and carry out granulation after stirring even blend, promptly get this bio-feritlizer.
The bacterial classification that the present invention adopts is the patent of invention of Dongguan Baode Bio-engineering Co., Ltd.---" bacillus laterosporus and the soil inoculant for preparing by this bacterial strain " (patent No.: ZL200610036923.8, standard is 500,000,000/gram) and the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed of the stalk of the said firm's research and development, comprehensively microbial inoculum 1.5 hundred million/gram such as Bacillus licheniformis, subtilis, thermophilic side spore bacterium, health formula Trichoderma, Phanerochaete chrysosporium wherein contained.The soil inoculant that contains bacillus laterosporus can effectively decompose the growth of heavy metal, deteriorating pesticide residue, the harmful pathogenic micro-organism of inhibition, secretion probiotics filament strengthens crop disease-resistant, diseases prevention performance.The agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed of this stalk has and becomes thoroughly decomposed soon, and Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose, the xylogen in the decomposing straw effectively fast becomes thoroughly decomposed for can be for the organic matter of crop absorption; The stalk that adopts is the straw done of field natural drying, straw, cornstalk, peanut stalk, beans stalk, cotton stalk etc., and the source is wide, and cost is low, effectively solves the problem of environmental pollution that brings because of burning, takes from the field, also in the field, also can be peasant's extra earning simultaneously; Manioc waste, fecula, filter mud of sugar refinery, the yeast waste liquor that adopts is waste residue, the waste liquid of starch factory discharging every day, contain the nitrogen about 0.1~3%, 0.1~2.5% Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES, about 0.1~4% potassium oxide in waste residue or the waste liquid, trace does not have plain in 30~70% organic matter and calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, manganese, the copper etc., after harmless treatment, very useful to the growth of crop.For this reason, utilize the dry straw powder to handle above a few fluid-like state semi liquid state organic wastes, inoculation fermentation, turn waste into wealth, fully transform, recycle useful composition wherein, both solved that they occupy cultivated land in a large number, the environmental issue of contaminate environment, and can produce of fine quality, inexpensive short volume increase again simultaneously, increase income, the bio-feritlizer that improves crop quality is of the present invention one big characteristics; Utilize simultaneously the water-absorbent characteristic of dry straw powder dexterously, fluid attitude organic wastes such as manioc waste, fecula, filter mud of sugar refinery, yeast waste liquor are become the solid-state utilization of being fermented, make the solid-state bio-fertilizer of production become possibility, this has found cheapness, simple and direct technology mode with regard to, semi liquid state refuse liquid for a large amount of processing is second largest characteristics of the present invention.
Implement several indexs that the present invention will control:
The one, the water content control of stalk, stalk is got over airing and must be done, and the ability of absorption waste liquid is just strong more;
The 2nd, absorption waste liquid ratio is wanted strict control, with do not produce sepage promptly rigidly connect near full be combined into suitable, require fusion after moisture content be no more than 30%.
The 3rd, fermentation time and access bacterial classification quantity are better grasped, and the time is long more, bacterial classification access amount is many more, and fermentation is just complete more, the fertilizer efficiency of product is just good more, general summer at least 10~15 days, twice turning carried out at least according to temperature conditions between yeast phase in winter at least 15~20 day.
The 4th, be that the C/N that nitrogenous source is adjusted mixture is about 25 with urea.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following tangible advantage:
The one, the present invention has fully used the organic raw material that this amount of stalk is inexpensive greatly and be not used substantially, has remarkable advantages and practical significance than other use as raw materials such as rice brans.
The 2nd, the present invention has made full use of the absorption property to liquid of dry straw powder, with the fluid attitude, the processing that is the organic waste of liquid state or semi liquid state rises to Ecological Disposal, makes under the situation that does not consume a large amount of fuel energies they to be carried out heavy industrialization to administer and become possibility.
The 3rd, make full use of the characteristics of several organic wastes, under the situation of basic self-supporting nutrition, carry out degree of depth fermentation, solved straw-returning, treating waste liquid, refuse accounts for the difficult problem in arable land in a large number, both be common people's extra earning, stalk commercialization, every mu of income that increases at least more than 300 yuan, again waste pollutant has been carried out resource regeneration, the support policy that meets energy-saving and emission-reduction has been created environment-friendly and green recycling economy new model, and its social effect obviously is better than the same industry;
The 4th, because of all using waste, administered environmental protection simultaneously, obtain the financial support of policy environmental fund subsidy, production cost is reduced greatly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow sheet that utilizes organic waste to produce the method for bio-feritlizer of the present invention.
Trade wastes liquid, semi liquid state such as utilizing stalk absorption fermentative processing manioc waste, filter mud of sugar refinery or yeast waste liquor has been shown among Fig. 1 has produced the whole process of the method for solid biofertilizer.
Embodiment
By the following examples technical scheme of the present invention is described further.
Embodiment 1
Present embodiment is an example of producing the powdery bio-feritlizer.
A kind of method of utilizing organic waste to produce bio-feritlizer comprises the steps:
With standby below various crushed stalk to 18 orders of the drying in the sun of purchasing back that dries in the air, straw powder after pulverizing is allocated in the stirrer for 500 kilograms, in whipping process in straw powder: the ratio of manioc waste or filter mud of sugar refinery or yeast waste liquor=1: 1 is allocated moisture about 50~60% manioc wastes or filter mud of sugar refinery or yeast waste liquor into stirrer with weighing balance (pump), and allocate 2~4 kilograms of stalks become thoroughly decomposed agent and 3~5 kilograms of urea into, thing water content 20%~30% is stirred in control, send into after stirring fermenter bank up the fermentation 15 days, carry out twice turning according to temperature conditions in the fermenting process, fermentation finished thoroughly1 promptly obtains the organism that ferments, packs standby;
Produce 1000 kilograms of powdery bio-feritlizers:
Get 150 kilograms of 100 kilograms of 650 kilograms of organism, kaolin, the calcium stone flours, 100 kilograms of the soil inoculants that ferment, allocate stirrer into and stir, metering packing promptly makes this powdery bio-feritlizer.Its active principle is organic 〉=25%, nitrogen+phosphorus+potassium 〉=3%, and beneficial microorganism quantity 〉=0.5 hundred million/gram fertilizer, trace element accounts for more than 10% in activated silica, calcium, magnesium, the zinc etc.
Embodiment 2
Present embodiment is an example of producing the powdery bio-feritlizer.
It is identical with embodiment 1 with the method steps of waste residue liquid mixed fermentation to handle straw powder.
Produce 1000 kilograms of powdery bio-feritlizers:
Get 500 kilograms of the organism, 50 kilograms in the urea that ferment, 100 kilograms in ammonium sulfate, 70 kilograms of powdery monoammonium phosphates, 30 kilograms of vitriolate of tartar, 50 kilograms of wilkinites, 75 kilograms of calcium stone flours, 75 kilograms of soil inoculants, 30 kilograms of siliceous fertilizers, trace element fertilizer are allocated stirrer into for 20 kilograms and are stirred, and metering packing promptly makes this powdery bio-feritlizer.Its active principle is organic 〉=20%, nitrogen+phosphorus+potassium 〉=13%, and beneficial microorganism quantity 〉=0.3 hundred million/gram fertilizer, trace element accounts for more than 20% in activated silica, calcium, magnesium, the zinc etc.
Embodiment 3
Present embodiment is the example of production particulate state bio-feritlizer.
It is identical with embodiment 1 with the method steps of waste residue liquid mixed fermentation to handle straw powder.
Produce 1000 kilograms of particulate state bio-feritlizers:
Get 350 kilograms of the organism, 50 kilograms of the soil inoculants that ferment; 75 kilograms of siliceous fertilizers; little fertile 25 kilograms; 150 kilograms in urea, 75 kilograms in fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, 175 kilograms of ammonium chlorides, 50 kilograms of powdery monoammonium phosphates; 50 kilograms in Repone K; allocate stirrer into and stir, the material that stirs is sent into the Squeezinggranulator granulation by travelling belt, and metering packing promptly makes this granule type bio-feritlizer.Its active principle is organic 〉=15% for its active principle, nitrogen+phosphorus+potassium 〉=20%, and beneficial microorganism quantity 〉=0.2 hundred million/gram fertilizer, trace element accounts for more than 15% in dissolubility silicon, calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, the molybdenum etc.
Bio-feritlizer of the present invention is carried out NY884-2004 standard (when nitrogen+phosphorus+potassium<6%) and NY798-2004 standard (when nitrogen+phosphorus+potassium 〉=6%), all can meet and exceed the requirement of industry standard promulgated by the ministries or commissions of the Central Government in embodiment and the actual production.
The bio-feritlizer that adopts the present invention to be prepared into is rich in soil ulmin, amino acid, polysaccharide, the required multiple middle trace element of crop, and contains a large amount of functional beneficial microorganisms.Use bio-feritlizer of the present invention, can well recover the organic matter in the soil, regulate the nutrients ratio of nitrogen phosphorus potassium in the soil, replenish the required multiple middle trace element of crop in the soil, improvement recovers soil aggregate, strengthen the soil water-reataining fertilizer-keeping permeability, the matrix of beneficial microorganism and microorganism growth in the increase promotes the soil beneficial microorganism to breed in a large number, suppresses the harmful microbe growth, decompose the mineral beneficial element, suppress the generation of soil-borne disease.
Claims (3)
1. a bio-feritlizer is characterized in that, contains the raw material of following weight part:
The drying in the sun stalk dries in the air: 35~65
Liquid semi liquid state is discarded organic: 35~65
Nitrogen phosphorus potassium raw material: 0~50
Bacteria agent: 5~10
Middle trace element fertilizer: 0~10
Material is added in modification: 0~25
2. bio-feritlizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the described drying in the sun stalk that dries in the air is meant straw, straw, cornstalk, peanut stalk, soybean stalk, cotton stalk; The discarded organic matter of described liquid semi liquid state is meant that slag, the sugar enterprise of tapioca (flour), potato starch high-moisture that manufacturing enterprise discharges produce the filter mud of sugar back discharging, yeast factory produces the waste liquid that discharges behind the yeast; Nitrogen phosphorus potassium raw material is agrochemicals fertilizer urea, monoammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate, calcium superphosphate, Repone K or vitriolate of tartar etc.; Bacteria agent is meant full bacillus of lateral bud and the stalk decomposing microbial inoculum of being made up of Bacillus licheniformis, subtilis, thermophilic side spore bacterium, health formula Trichoderma, Phanerochaete chrysosporium; Middle trace element fertilizer is meant siliceous fertilizer, boron fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, fertiliser containing magnesium, molydbenum fertilizer etc.; Modification is added material and is meant wilkinite, kaolin, calcium stone flour.
3. a method of utilizing organic waste to produce bio-feritlizer is characterized in that this method comprises the steps:
1.1, water content is crushed to below 18 orders with beater disintegrating machine less than 5% the drying in the sun stalk that dries in the air, obtain straw powder;
1.2, allocate straw powder into biaxial rneader, simultaneously in straw powder: the ratio of manioc waste or filter mud or yeast juice=1: 1 is mixed, and add the become thoroughly decomposed urea of agent and 2~5 ‰ of 2~4 ‰ stalk, obtain water content after stirring and be 25~30% fermentation materials;
1.3, the fermented product stockpile is high 2~3 meters, fermentation time 10~15 days when temperature surpasses 65 ℃ in the heap, carries out turning, the turning 2~4 times of banking up between yeast phase;
1.4, the material that ferments and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium inorganic fertilizer raw material needed by prescription and add 5% bacillus laterosporus, stir behind the even blend pack or send into tablets press and carry out granulation, promptly get described bio-feritlizer.
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