CN112080281A - Soil conditioner for landscaping and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Soil conditioner for landscaping and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112080281A CN112080281A CN202010901763.9A CN202010901763A CN112080281A CN 112080281 A CN112080281 A CN 112080281A CN 202010901763 A CN202010901763 A CN 202010901763A CN 112080281 A CN112080281 A CN 112080281A
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- 239000003516 soil conditioner Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 135
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 241000933832 Broussonetia Species 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 241000705930 Broussonetia papyrifera Species 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamide Chemical compound NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)C KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n'-methylenebisacrylamide Chemical compound C=CC(=O)NCNC(=O)C=C ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 28
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical group [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 7
- 229940043264 dodecyl sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000009920 chelation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008708 Morus alba Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003900 soil pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/44—Polymerisation in the presence of compounding ingredients, e.g. plasticisers, dyestuffs, fillers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/52—Amides or imides
- C08F220/54—Amides, e.g. N,N-dimethylacrylamide or N-isopropylacrylamide
- C08F220/56—Acrylamide; Methacrylamide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K3/346—Clay
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/04—Ingredients treated with organic substances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a soil conditioner for landscaping, which comprises the following steps: mixing the paper mulberry powder and a phosphoric acid solution, adding disproportionated rosin, uniformly stirring, carrying out extrusion forming, activating at high temperature, washing and drying to obtain pretreated paper mulberry powder; stirring montmorillonite and polar solvent, adding zinc dicarboxylate under stirring, continuously stirring, filtering, drying, pulverizing, calcining at 200-300 deg.C for 1-2h, and pulverizing to obtain pretreated montmorillonite; adding water into pretreated paper mulberry powder, adding pretreated montmorillonite under stirring, performing ultrasonic treatment, sequentially adding acrylamide, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, foaming agent and dispersing agent under stirring, stirring to fully foam, adding initiator, and stirring uniformly to obtain a compound material; and feeding the compound material into a forming die, adjusting the temperature to 70-80 ℃, preserving heat for 1-2h, performing irradiation treatment, then performing staged temperature rise and preservation, cooling along with a furnace, and crushing to obtain the soil conditioner for landscaping.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of landscaping, in particular to a soil conditioner for landscaping and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of global economy, pollutants containing heavy metals enter garden soil through various ways such as irrigation, dry-wet sedimentation and the like to cause heavy metal enrichment in gardens, the soil is one of four major elements of the environment and has irreplaceable effects in a natural ecosystem, with the development of industrialization, urbanization and high intensification of agriculture, more and more garden soil is reduced in quality due to pollution caused by heavy metal chemicals and the like, so that the ecological environment is seriously affected, the heavy metal pollution not only affects the quality of garden plants, but also relates to the quality of atmosphere and water environment, and the life and health of animals and human beings can be harmed through a food chain.
Soil pollution not only changes the physicochemical properties of soil and deteriorates the soil, but also pollutants block or inhibit the regional composition and life activities of soil microorganisms, influence the transformation and energy exchange of soil nutrients, reduce or lose the capacity of the soil, cause the destruction of soil resources and deteriorate or interrupt the garden ecological environment circulation system.
The existing traditional modifier mainly comprises minerals, phosphates, alkaline substances, sulfides, biochar and the like, is large in dosage, weak in interaction between the soil modifier and heavy metal ions, and in the actual soil repairing process, rainfall and other conditions can occur, so that the modifier is promoted to migrate, the expected repairing effect is hardly exerted, the repairing effect can be ensured only by generally putting in the modifier for many times, and secondary pollution can be caused, so that the problem is urgently solved.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides a soil conditioner for landscaping and a preparation method thereof.
The invention provides a preparation method of a soil conditioner for landscaping, which comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing the paper mulberry powder and a phosphoric acid solution, adjusting the temperature to 60-70 ℃, stirring for 40-50min, adding disproportionated rosin, stirring uniformly, extruding and molding, activating for 20-40min at 620-680 ℃, washing and drying to obtain pretreated paper mulberry powder;
s2, stirring montmorillonite and polar solvent for 20-40min at 50-70 ℃, adding zinc dicarboxylate under stirring, continuing stirring for 1-2h, filtering, drying, crushing, calcining at 200-300 ℃ for 1-2h, and crushing to obtain pretreated montmorillonite;
s3, adding water into the pretreated paper mulberry powder, adding pretreated montmorillonite under stirring, performing ultrasonic treatment for 20-40min at an ultrasonic frequency of 15-20kHz, sequentially adding acrylamide, N' -methylene-bisacrylamide, a foaming agent and a dispersing agent under stirring, stirring to fully foam, adding an initiator, and uniformly stirring at 30-35 ℃ to obtain a compound material;
s4, feeding the compound material into a forming die, adjusting the temperature to 70-80 ℃, preserving heat for 1-2h, irradiating for 5-10min by using a high-energy electron beam, feeding the obtained blank into a calcining furnace, heating from room temperature to 180-class 220 ℃, preserving heat for 20-30min, then heating to 340-class 400 ℃, preserving heat for 5-15min, cooling along with the furnace, and crushing to obtain the soil conditioner for landscaping.
Preferably, in S1, the mass fraction of the phosphoric acid solution is 50-55%, and the mass ratio of the broussonetia papyrifera powder, the phosphoric acid solution and the disproportionated rosin is 10-15: 40-80: 2-6.
Preferably, in S1, after activation, ethanol and water are used in this order for washing.
Preferably, in S2, the polar solvent is at least one of water, formamide, dimethylformamide, methanol, ethanol, acetic acid, isopropanol, and tetramethylethylenediamine.
Preferably, in S2, the mass ratio of montmorillonite, polar solvent and zinc dicarboxylate is 20-30: 60-100: 1-2.
Preferably, in S3, the mass ratio of the pretreated paper mulberry powder, the pretreated montmorillonite, the acrylamide, the N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, the foaming agent, the dispersing agent and the initiator is 20-26: 35-40: 2-4: 0.1-0.15: 0.1-0.2: 0.1-0.2: 0.1-0.15.
Preferably, the foaming agent is lauryl sulfate TEA salt.
Preferably, the dispersant is a polyacrylic acid ammonium salt.
Preferably, the initiator is ammonium persulfate.
Preferably, in S4, the high-energy electron beam irradiation dose is 10 kGy.
Preferably, in S4, the obtained blank is sent into a calcining furnace, heated from room temperature to 220 ℃ at the speed of 1-2 ℃/min, and then is preserved for 20-30min, and heated from 3-5 ℃/min to 400 ℃ at the speed of 340 ℃ and then is preserved for 5-15 min.
A soil conditioner for landscaping is prepared by the preparation method of the soil conditioner for landscaping.
Preferably, it is a circular honeycomb structure with a diameter of 1-3mm and an internal honeycomb pore size of 20-100 μm.
The using method of the invention is as follows: the soil conditioner for landscaping is uniformly spread on the surface of garden soil, the using amount of the soil conditioner is 20 kg/mu, and then the soil conditioner is planted.
The technical effects of the invention are as follows:
in the S1, the paper mulberry powder is added into phosphoric acid solution with the mass fraction of 50-55%, and is matched with disproportionated rosin for treatment at the temperature of 60-70 ℃, so that the formed carbon pores have moderate aperture, montmorillonite is easier to pre-treat for adhesion and adsorption, collapse is not easy to occur, and the compressive strength of the product is high; in S2, zinc dicarboxylate is adopted to intercalate montmorillonite, the interlayer spacing and the specific surface area of montmorillonite are increased firstly, the montmorillonite is subjected to ultrasonic treatment after calcination and is fully adsorbed in pretreated paper mulberry powder and is uniformly embedded in a polymer chain to form a product with a regular structure, lauryl sulfate TEA salt is matched to foam in the montmorillonite, the montmorillonite is irradiated and then calcined, the foam is uniformly broken, gaps are formed at the positions, and a honeycomb-shaped multi-level porous network structure is formed, so that the montmorillonite composite material has high adsorption and chelation capacity on heavy metals, is good in acid-base stability and good in migration resistance, and particularly has excellent ion barrier effect and filtering ion effect on heavy metals in molecules due to the multi-level network structure in a chelation process.
The soil conditioner obtained by the invention utilizes the adsorption and chelation effects to fix heavy metal ions in garden soil, has strong adsorption and fixation capabilities, and can effectively prevent the heavy metal ions from migrating through eluviation, and is convenient to adhere more soil remediation microbial flora and continuously restore soil after being put into the soil due to large specific surface area, and the soil conditioner can not be decomposed under the action of water along with the lapse of time, so that multiple times of putting are not needed, and manpower and material resources are saved.
The invention can meet the long-term safety requirement of garden soil, has mild reaction conditions, is beneficial to large-scale preparation method, and has wide prospect when being applied to the field of heavy metal soil remediation.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
A preparation method of a soil conditioner for landscaping comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing 10kg of broussonetia papyrifera powder and 80kg of phosphoric acid solution with the mass fraction of 50%, adjusting the temperature to 70 ℃, stirring for 40min at the stirring speed of 100r/min, adding 2kg of disproportionated rosin, stirring uniformly, extruding and forming, then sending into a calcining furnace, activating for 20min at 680 ℃, sequentially washing with ethanol and water, and drying to obtain pretreated broussonetia papyrifera powder;
s2, stirring 30kg of montmorillonite and 60kg of formamide for 40min at the stirring temperature of 50 ℃ and the stirring speed of 2000r/min, adding 1kg of zinc dicarboxylate under stirring, continuing stirring for 2h, filtering, drying, crushing, calcining at 200 ℃ for 2h, and crushing to obtain pretreated montmorillonite;
s3, adding 50kg of water into 20kg of pretreated paper mulberry powder, adding 35kg of pretreated montmorillonite under stirring, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 40min at the ultrasonic frequency of 15kHz, sequentially adding 4kg of acrylamide, 0.1kg of N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, 0.2kg of lauryl alcohol sulfate TEA salt and 0.1kg of ammonium polyacrylate under stirring, stirring until the mixture is fully foamed, adding 0.15kg of ammonium persulfate, and uniformly stirring at 30 ℃ to obtain a compound material;
s4, feeding the compound material into a forming die, adjusting the temperature to 80 ℃, preserving the temperature for 1h, and then irradiating for 10min by using a high-energy electron beam, wherein the irradiation dose is 10 kGy; and (3) feeding the obtained green body into a calcining furnace, heating to 220 ℃ from room temperature at the speed of 1 ℃/min, preserving heat for 20min, heating to 340 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 15min, cooling along with the furnace, and crushing to obtain the soil conditioner for landscaping.
Example 2
A preparation method of a soil conditioner for landscaping comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing 15kg of the broussonetia papyrifera powder with 40kg of phosphoric acid solution with the mass fraction of 55%, adjusting the temperature to 60 ℃, stirring for 50min at the stirring speed of 60r/min, adding 6kg of disproportionated rosin, stirring uniformly, extruding and forming, sending into a calcining furnace, activating for 40min at 620 ℃, sequentially washing with ethanol and water, and drying to obtain pretreated broussonetia papyrifera powder;
s2, stirring 20kg of montmorillonite and 100kg of ethanol for 20min at the stirring temperature of 70 ℃ and the stirring speed of 1000r/min, adding 2kg of zinc dicarboxylate under stirring, continuing stirring for 1h, filtering, drying, crushing, calcining for 1h at 300 ℃, and crushing to obtain pretreated montmorillonite;
s3, adding 30kg of water into 26kg of pretreated paper mulberry powder, adding 40kg of pretreated montmorillonite under stirring, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 20min at the ultrasonic frequency of 20kHz, sequentially adding 2kg of acrylamide, 0.15kg of N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, 0.1kg of lauryl alcohol sulfate TEA salt and 0.2kg of polyacrylic acid ammonium salt under stirring, stirring until the mixture is fully foamed, adding 0.1kg of ammonium persulfate, and uniformly stirring at the temperature of 30-35 ℃ to obtain a compound material;
s4, feeding the compound material into a forming die, adjusting the temperature to 80 ℃, preserving the temperature for 1h, and then irradiating for 10min by using a high-energy electron beam, wherein the irradiation dose is 10 kGy; and (3) feeding the obtained green body into a calcining furnace, heating to 220 ℃ from room temperature at the speed of 1 ℃/min, preserving heat for 20min, heating to 340 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 15min, cooling along with the furnace, and crushing to obtain the soil conditioner for landscaping.
Example 3
A preparation method of a soil conditioner for landscaping comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing 12kg of paper mulberry powder and 70kg of phosphoric acid solution with the mass fraction of 52%, adjusting the temperature to 68 ℃, stirring for 42min at the stirring speed of 90r/min, adding 3kg of disproportionated rosin, stirring uniformly, extruding and forming, then sending into a calcining furnace, activating for 25min at 670 ℃, washing with ethanol and water in sequence, and drying to obtain pretreated paper mulberry powder;
s2, stirring 28kg of montmorillonite and 70kg of acetic acid for 35min at the stirring temperature of 55 ℃ and the stirring speed of 1700r/min, adding 1.2kg of zinc dicarboxylate under stirring, continuing stirring for 1.7h, filtering, drying, crushing, calcining at 220 ℃ for 1.8h, and crushing to obtain pretreated montmorillonite;
s3, adding 45kg of water into 22kg of pretreated paper mulberry powder, adding 36kg of pretreated montmorillonite under stirring, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 35min at the ultrasonic frequency of 16kHz, sequentially adding 3.5kg of acrylamide, 0.12kg of N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, 0.17kg of lauryl sulfate TEA salt and 0.13kg of ammonium polyacrylate under stirring, stirring until the mixture fully foams, adding 0.13kg of ammonium persulfate, and uniformly stirring at the temperature of 32 ℃ to obtain a compound material;
s4, feeding the compound material into a forming die, adjusting the temperature to 77 ℃, preserving the heat for 1.2h, and then irradiating for 8min by using a high-energy electron beam, wherein the irradiation dose is 10 kGy; and (3) feeding the obtained green body into a calcining furnace, heating to 210 ℃ from room temperature at the speed of 1.3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 20min, heating to 340 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 15min, cooling along with the furnace, and crushing to obtain the soil conditioner for landscaping.
Example 4
A preparation method of a soil conditioner for landscaping comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing 14kg of the broussonetia papyrifera powder with 50kg of phosphoric acid solution with the mass fraction of 54%, adjusting the temperature to 62 ℃, stirring for 48min at the stirring speed of 70r/min, adding 5kg of disproportionated rosin, stirring uniformly, extruding and forming, sending into a calcining furnace, activating for 35min at 630 ℃, sequentially washing with ethanol and water, and drying to obtain pretreated broussonetia papyrifera powder;
s2, stirring 22kg of montmorillonite and 90kg of tetramethylethylenediamine for 25min at the stirring temperature of 65 ℃ and the stirring speed of 1300r/min, adding 1.8kg of zinc dicarboxylate under stirring, continuing stirring for 1.3h, filtering, drying, crushing, calcining at 280 ℃ for 1.2h, and crushing to obtain pretreated montmorillonite;
s3, adding 35kg of water into 24kg of pretreated paper mulberry powder, adding 38kg of pretreated montmorillonite under stirring, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 25min at the ultrasonic frequency of 18kHz, sequentially adding 2.5kg of acrylamide, 0.14kg of N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, 0.13kg of lauryl sulfate TEA salt and 0.17kg of ammonium polyacrylate under stirring, stirring until the mixture fully foams, adding 0.11kg of ammonium persulfate, and uniformly stirring at 34 ℃ to obtain a compound material;
s4, feeding the compound material into a forming die, adjusting the temperature to 73 ℃, preserving the heat for 1.8h, and then irradiating for 6min by using a high-energy electron beam, wherein the irradiation dose is 10 kGy; and (3) feeding the obtained green body into a calcining furnace, heating to 190 ℃ from room temperature at the speed of 1.7 ℃/min, preserving heat for 30min, heating to 400 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 5min, cooling along with the furnace, and crushing to obtain the soil conditioner for landscaping.
Example 5
A preparation method of a soil conditioner for landscaping comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing 13kg of broussonetia papyrifera powder and 60kg of phosphoric acid solution with the mass fraction of 53%, adjusting the temperature to 65 ℃, stirring for 45min at the stirring speed of 80r/min, adding 4kg of disproportionated rosin, stirring uniformly, extruding and forming, sending into a calcining furnace, activating for 30min at 650 ℃, washing with ethanol and water in sequence, and drying to obtain pretreated broussonetia papyrifera powder;
s2, stirring 25kg of montmorillonite and 80kg of water for 30min at the stirring temperature of 60 ℃ and the stirring speed of 1500r/min, adding 1.5kg of zinc dicarboxylate under stirring, continuing stirring for 1.5h, filtering, drying, crushing, calcining at 260 ℃ for 1.5h, and crushing to obtain pretreated montmorillonite;
s3, adding 40kg of water into 23kg of pretreated paper mulberry powder, adding 36-38kg of pretreated montmorillonite under stirring, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min at the ultrasonic frequency of 17kHz, sequentially adding 3kg of acrylamide, 0.13kg of N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, 0.15kg of lauryl sulfate TEA salt and 0.15kg of ammonium polyacrylate under stirring, stirring until the mixture fully foams, adding 0.12kg of ammonium persulfate, and uniformly stirring at 33 ℃ to obtain a compound material;
s4, feeding the compound material into a forming die, adjusting the temperature to 75 ℃, preserving the heat for 1.5h, and then irradiating for 7min by using a high-energy electron beam, wherein the irradiation dose is 10 kGy; and (3) feeding the obtained green body into a calcining furnace, heating to 200 ℃ from room temperature at the speed of 1.5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 25min, heating to 370 ℃ at the speed of 4 ℃/min, preserving heat for 10min, cooling along with the furnace, and crushing to obtain the soil conditioner for landscaping.
Comparative example 1
A preparation method of a soil conditioner for landscaping comprises the following steps:
s1, stirring 25kg of montmorillonite and 80kg of water for 30min at the stirring temperature of 60 ℃ and the stirring speed of 1500r/min, adding 1.5kg of zinc dicarboxylate under stirring, continuing stirring for 1.5h, filtering, drying, crushing, calcining at 260 ℃ for 1.5h, and crushing to obtain pretreated montmorillonite;
s2, adding 40kg of water into 23kg of carbonized paper mulberry powder, adding 36-38kg of pretreated montmorillonite under stirring, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min at the ultrasonic frequency of 17kHz, sequentially adding 3kg of acrylamide, 0.13kg of N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, 0.15kg of lauryl sulfate TEA salt and 0.15kg of ammonium polyacrylate under stirring, stirring until the mixture is fully foamed, adding 0.12kg of ammonium persulfate, and uniformly stirring at 33 ℃ to obtain a compound material;
s3, feeding the compound material into a forming die, adjusting the temperature to 75 ℃, preserving the heat for 1.5h, and then irradiating for 7min by using a high-energy electron beam, wherein the irradiation dose is 10 kGy; and (3) feeding the obtained green body into a calcining furnace, heating to 200 ℃ from room temperature at the speed of 1.5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 25min, heating to 370 ℃ at the speed of 4 ℃/min, preserving heat for 10min, cooling along with the furnace, and crushing to obtain the soil conditioner for landscaping.
Comparative example 2
A preparation method of a soil conditioner for landscaping comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing 13kg of broussonetia papyrifera powder and 60kg of phosphoric acid solution with the mass fraction of 53%, adjusting the temperature to 65 ℃, stirring for 45min at the stirring speed of 80r/min, adding 4kg of disproportionated rosin, stirring uniformly, extruding and forming, sending into a calcining furnace, activating for 30min at 650 ℃, washing with ethanol and water in sequence, and drying to obtain pretreated broussonetia papyrifera powder;
s2, adding 40kg of water into 23kg of pretreated broussonetia papyrifera powder, adding 36-38kg of montmorillonite under stirring, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min at the ultrasonic frequency of 17kHz, sequentially adding 3kg of acrylamide, 0.13kg of N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, 0.15kg of lauryl alcohol sulfate TEA salt and 0.15kg of ammonium polyacrylate under stirring, stirring until the mixture is fully foamed, adding 0.12kg of ammonium persulfate, and uniformly stirring at 33 ℃ to obtain a compound material;
s3, feeding the compound material into a forming die, adjusting the temperature to 75 ℃, preserving the heat for 1.5h, and then irradiating for 7min by using a high-energy electron beam, wherein the irradiation dose is 10 kGy; and (3) feeding the obtained green body into a calcining furnace, heating to 200 ℃ from room temperature at the speed of 1.5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 25min, heating to 370 ℃ at the speed of 4 ℃/min, preserving heat for 10min, cooling along with the furnace, and crushing to obtain the soil conditioner for landscaping.
Comparative example 3
A preparation method of a soil conditioner for landscaping comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing 13kg of broussonetia papyrifera powder and 60kg of phosphoric acid solution with the mass fraction of 53%, adjusting the temperature to 65 ℃, stirring for 45min at the stirring speed of 80r/min, adding 4kg of disproportionated rosin, stirring uniformly, extruding and forming, sending into a calcining furnace, activating for 30min at 650 ℃, washing with ethanol and water in sequence, and drying to obtain pretreated broussonetia papyrifera powder;
s2, stirring 25kg of montmorillonite and 80kg of water for 30min at the stirring temperature of 60 ℃ and the stirring speed of 1500r/min, adding 1.5kg of zinc dicarboxylate under stirring, continuing stirring for 1.5h, filtering, drying, crushing, calcining at 260 ℃ for 1.5h, and crushing to obtain pretreated montmorillonite;
s3, adding 40kg of water into 23kg of pretreated paper mulberry powder, adding 36-38kg of pretreated montmorillonite under stirring, sequentially adding 3kg of acrylamide, 0.13kg of N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, 0.15kg of lauryl alcohol sulfate TEA salt and 0.15kg of polyacrylic acid ammonium salt under stirring, stirring until the mixture fully foams, adding 0.12kg of ammonium persulfate, and uniformly stirring at 33 ℃ to obtain a compound material;
s4, feeding the compound material into a forming die, adjusting the temperature to 75 ℃, preserving the heat for 1.5h, and then irradiating for 7min by using a high-energy electron beam, wherein the irradiation dose is 10 kGy; and (3) feeding the obtained green body into a calcining furnace, heating to 200 ℃ from room temperature at the speed of 1.5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 25min, heating to 370 ℃ at the speed of 4 ℃/min, preserving heat for 10min, cooling along with the furnace, and crushing to obtain the soil conditioner for landscaping.
Comparative example 4
A preparation method of a soil conditioner for landscaping comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing 13kg of broussonetia papyrifera powder and 60kg of phosphoric acid solution with the mass fraction of 53%, adjusting the temperature to 65 ℃, stirring for 45min at the stirring speed of 80r/min, adding 4kg of disproportionated rosin, stirring uniformly, extruding and forming, sending into a calcining furnace, activating for 30min at 650 ℃, washing with ethanol and water in sequence, and drying to obtain pretreated broussonetia papyrifera powder;
s2, stirring 25kg of montmorillonite and 80kg of water for 30min at the stirring temperature of 60 ℃ and the stirring speed of 1500r/min, adding 1.5kg of zinc dicarboxylate under stirring, continuing stirring for 1.5h, filtering, drying, crushing, calcining at 260 ℃ for 1.5h, and crushing to obtain pretreated montmorillonite;
s3, adding 40kg of water into 23kg of pretreated paper mulberry tree powder, adding 36-38kg of pretreated montmorillonite under stirring, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min at the ultrasonic frequency of 17kHz to obtain a compound material;
s4, feeding the compound material into a forming die, adjusting the temperature to 75 ℃, preserving the heat for 1.5h, and then irradiating for 7min by using a high-energy electron beam, wherein the irradiation dose is 10 kGy; and (3) feeding the obtained green body into a calcining furnace, heating to 200 ℃ from room temperature at the speed of 1.5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 25min, heating to 370 ℃ at the speed of 4 ℃/min, preserving heat for 10min, cooling along with the furnace, and crushing to obtain the soil conditioner for landscaping.
Comparative example 5
A preparation method of a soil conditioner for landscaping comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing 13kg of broussonetia papyrifera powder and 60kg of phosphoric acid solution with the mass fraction of 53%, adjusting the temperature to 65 ℃, stirring for 45min at the stirring speed of 80r/min, adding 4kg of disproportionated rosin, stirring uniformly, extruding and forming, sending into a calcining furnace, activating for 30min at 650 ℃, washing with ethanol and water in sequence, and drying to obtain pretreated broussonetia papyrifera powder;
s2, stirring 25kg of montmorillonite and 80kg of water for 30min at the stirring temperature of 60 ℃ and the stirring speed of 1500r/min, adding 1.5kg of zinc dicarboxylate under stirring, continuing stirring for 1.5h, filtering, drying, crushing, calcining at 260 ℃ for 1.5h, and crushing to obtain pretreated montmorillonite;
s3, adding 40kg of water into 23kg of pretreated paper mulberry powder, adding 36-38kg of pretreated montmorillonite under stirring, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min at the ultrasonic frequency of 17kHz, sequentially adding 3kg of acrylamide, 0.13kg of N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, 0.15kg of lauryl sulfate TEA salt and 0.15kg of ammonium polyacrylate under stirring, stirring until the mixture fully foams, adding 0.12kg of ammonium persulfate, and uniformly stirring at 33 ℃ to obtain a compound material;
s4, feeding the compound material into a forming die, adjusting the temperature to 75 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 1.5 hours; and (3) feeding the obtained green body into a calcining furnace, heating to 200 ℃ from room temperature at the speed of 1.5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 25min, heating to 370 ℃ at the speed of 4 ℃/min, preserving heat for 10min, cooling along with the furnace, and crushing to obtain the soil conditioner for landscaping.
The soil conditioner for landscaping obtained in example 5 and comparative examples 1 to 5 was subjected to property testing, and the results thereof were as follows:
mean diameter of the particles, mm | Average pore size of honeycomb, mum | |
Example 5 | 1.67 | 65 |
Comparative example 1 | 2.43 | 82 |
Comparative example 2 | 1.85 | 77 |
Comparison ofExample 3 | 2.59 | 124 |
Comparative example 4 | 2.87 | 202 |
Comparative example 5 | 3.75 | 159 |
Carrying out a soil remediation test on a certain polluted landscaping land with the lead concentration of 275 +/-0.5 mg/kg, randomly dividing the land into 6 groups, and repeating the steps for 3 times; uniformly spreading the soil conditioner for landscaping obtained in the example 5 and the comparative examples 1-5 on the soil surface according to the use amount of 20 kg/mu, carrying out rotary tillage for 3 times, and covering with a film to seal, preserve moisture and maintain temperature;
preparing a leachate from a repaired sample at a predetermined age after maintenance according to a procedure of an acetic acid buffer solution method of a solid waste leaching toxicity leaching method of HJ/T300-. The results are as follows:
from the above table, it can be seen that: when the soil conditioner for landscaping is used for maintenance for 7 days, the lead content in the soil is rapidly reduced, the requirement that the total lead limit value of vegetable fields in GB 15618 + 2008 soil environment quality standard is less than or equal to 50mg/kg is met, and the soil conditioner completely meets the relevant standard after being maintained for 14 days.
Performing a soil improvement test on a farm in a certain place, and randomly dividing the land parcels into 7 groups, wherein each group comprises 3 repeats; the soil conditioner for landscaping obtained in example 5 and comparative examples 1-5 was uniformly applied on the soil surface at a dose of 15 kg/mu, rotary tillage was performed 3 times, and the soil was analyzed after 3 months:
the above results confirm that: the soil conditioner for landscaping disclosed by the invention not only has strong adsorption and fixation capacity on heavy metal ions, but also has a large specific surface area, and on one hand, the soil conditioner is convenient for the adhesion of soil remediation microbial flora so as to continuously restore soil and improve soil organic matters.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a soil conditioner for landscaping is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, mixing the paper mulberry powder and a phosphoric acid solution, adjusting the temperature to 60-70 ℃, stirring for 40-50min, adding disproportionated rosin, stirring uniformly, extruding and molding, activating for 20-40min at 620-680 ℃, washing and drying to obtain pretreated paper mulberry powder;
s2, stirring montmorillonite and polar solvent for 20-40min at 50-70 ℃, adding zinc dicarboxylate under stirring, continuing stirring for 1-2h, filtering, drying, crushing, calcining at 200-300 ℃ for 1-2h, and crushing to obtain pretreated montmorillonite;
s3, adding water into the pretreated paper mulberry powder, adding pretreated montmorillonite under stirring, performing ultrasonic treatment for 20-40min at an ultrasonic frequency of 15-20kHz, sequentially adding acrylamide, N' -methylene-bisacrylamide, a foaming agent and a dispersing agent under stirring, stirring to fully foam, adding an initiator, and uniformly stirring at 30-35 ℃ to obtain a compound material;
s4, feeding the compound material into a forming die, adjusting the temperature to 70-80 ℃, preserving heat for 1-2h, irradiating for 5-10min by using a high-energy electron beam, feeding the obtained blank into a calcining furnace, heating from room temperature to 180-class 220 ℃, preserving heat for 20-30min, then heating to 340-class 400 ℃, preserving heat for 5-15min, cooling along with the furnace, and crushing to obtain the soil conditioner for landscaping.
2. A method for preparing a soil conditioner for use in landscaping as defined in claim 1, wherein in S1, the mass fraction of phosphoric acid solution is 50-55%, and the mass ratio of broussonetia papyrifera powder, phosphoric acid solution, disproportionated rosin is 10-15: 40-80: 2-6.
3. A method for preparing a soil conditioner for use in landscaping as claimed in claim 1, wherein, in S1, after activation, ethanol and water are sequentially used for washing.
4. A method for preparing a soil conditioner for use in landscaping as claimed in claim 1, wherein the polar solvent in S2 is at least one of water, formamide, dimethylformamide, methanol, ethanol, acetic acid, isopropanol, and tetramethylethylenediamine.
5. A method for preparing a soil conditioner for landscaping as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S2, the mass ratio of montmorillonite, polar solvent, and zinc dicarboxylate is 20-30: 60-100: 1-2.
6. A method for preparing a soil conditioner for use in landscaping as defined in claim 1, wherein in S3, the mass ratio of pretreated paper mulberry powder, pretreated montmorillonite, acrylamide, N' -methylenebisacrylamide, foaming agent, dispersant, and initiator is 20-26: 35-40: 2-4: 0.1-0.15: 0.1-0.2: 0.1-0.2: 0.1-0.15.
7. A method for preparing a soil conditioner for landscaping as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S4, the irradiation dose of high-energy electron beam is 10 kGy.
8. The method for preparing a soil conditioner for landscaping as defined in claim 1, wherein in S4, the obtained green body is fed into a calciner, heated from room temperature to 180-220 ℃ at a rate of 1-2 ℃/min, and then the temperature is maintained for 20-30min, heated to 340-400 ℃ at a rate of 3-5 ℃/min, and then the temperature is maintained for 5-15 min.
9. A soil conditioner for landscaping, which is prepared by the method for preparing the soil conditioner for landscaping of any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A soil conditioner for landscaping as claimed in claim 9, which has a circular honeycomb structure with a diameter of 1-3mm and an internal honeycomb pore size of 20-100 μm.
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