CN114826414A - Wide-range non-mechanical scanning phased array laser communication transmitting device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of laser communication, and in particular relates to a large-scale non-mechanical scanning phased array laser communication transmitter, comprising a plurality of phased array laser communication transmitters circumferentially arranged around a preset axis on the same horizontal plane device, wherein each laser communication emission sub-device comprises a laser communication transmitter, a fiber coupler, an optical waveguide phased array, an optical waveguide phase shifter, a liquid crystal spatial light modulator and a liquid crystal polarization grating; the optical waveguide phase shifter adjusts The phase difference of the laser signal entering the optical waveguide phased array obtains the initial laser adjustment signal; the liquid crystal spatial light modulator obtains the phase difference of the final laser adjustment signal by adjusting the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer; the liquid crystal polarization The grating performs a large-scale discrete segment pointing to the final laser adjustment signal. The invention avoids the influence of wavelength tuning on the laser communication system, and realizes the non-mechanical servo networking of 360° full-circle laser communication.

Description

A large-scale non-mechanical scanning phased array laser communication transmitter

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of laser communication, in particular to a large-scale non-mechanical scanning phased array laser communication transmitting device.

Background technique

Existing space laser communication, the actuators controlling beam aiming and tracking are mostly servo turntables composed of motor encoder bearings and precision tracking galvanometers composed of piezoelectric sheets. At present, the servo turntables composed of motor encoder bearings and The precise tracking galvanometer combination composed of piezoelectric sheets has many mechanical moving parts, low reliability, large mechanical time constant, large inertia, and low servo bandwidth, and a single set of actuators can only achieve point-to-point laser communication, which is not conducive to networking .

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing laser communication can only realize point-to-point communication, and the communication range is small.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a large-scale non-mechanical scanning phased array laser communication transmitting device, comprising: a plurality of phased arrays circumferentially arranged around a preset axis on the same horizontal plane Laser communication transmitter sub-devices, wherein each laser communication transmitter sub-device includes a laser communication transmitter, a fiber coupler, an optical waveguide phased array, an optical waveguide phase shifter, a liquid crystal spatial light modulator and a liquid crystal polarization grating;

the laser communication transmitter, the emitted laser signal enters the optical waveguide phased array through the fiber coupler;

The optical waveguide phase shifter adjusts the phase difference of the laser signal entering the optical waveguide phased array to obtain an initial laser adjustment signal;

The optical waveguide phased array transmits the adjusted initial laser adjustment signal to the liquid crystal spatial light modulator;

The liquid crystal spatial light modulator changes the phase difference of the initial laser adjustment signal by adjusting the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer to obtain the final laser adjustment signal, and sends it to the liquid crystal polarization grating;

The liquid crystal polarization grating performs a large-scale discrete segment pointing to the final laser adjustment signal.

Further, the number of the laser communication emitting sub-devices is three.

Further, the laser communication transmitter transmits a 10Gbps laser signal.

Further, the range of adjusting the phase difference of the laser signal by the optical waveguide phase shifter is from -60° to 60° in the horizontal azimuth.

Further, the spatial light modulator controls the pitch angle of the laser signal by adjusting the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer, and the phase difference ranges from -2.5° to 2.5° of the pitch and azimuth angle.

Further, the liquid crystal polarization grating adopts a cascade of four-level liquid crystal polarization gratings.

Further, the liquid crystal polarization grating directs the laser signal of the spatial light modulator in discrete segments of pitch and azimuth angles, and the ranges of pitch and azimuth angles are 0°, -2.5°～2.5°, and -5°～5° respectively. °, -7.5°～7.5°, -10°～10°.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: a large-scale non-mechanical scanning phased array laser communication transmitter of the present invention consists of a plurality of phased array laser communication transmitters circumferentially arranged around a preset axis on the same horizontal plane The device is composed. First, the laser signal emitted by the laser communication transmitter enters the optical waveguide phased array through the fiber coupler; then the optical waveguide phase shifter adjusts the phase difference of the laser signal entering the optical waveguide phased array to obtain the initial laser adjustment signal. , the optical waveguide phased array transmits the adjusted initial laser adjustment signal to the liquid crystal spatial light modulator; the liquid crystal spatial light modulator changes the phase difference of the laser signal by adjusting the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer to obtain the final laser adjustment signal and sends it to the liquid crystal polarization grating; finally, the liquid crystal polarization grating performs a large-scale discrete segment pointing to the final laser adjustment signal. The liquid crystal spatial light modulator and liquid crystal polarization grating are used to increase the range of the laser signal in the elevation and azimuth axis, which avoids the influence of wavelength tuning on the laser communication system. All-round laser communication is not mechanical servo networking, and then achieves laser communication from one location to multiple locations.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

1 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-scale non-mechanical scanning phased array laser communication transmitting device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the phased array laser communication transmitting sub-device in Fig. 1;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the phased array laser communication transmitting sub-device in FIG. 1 .

Detailed ways

In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of them. example. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The invention relates to a large-scale non-mechanical scanning phased array laser communication transmitting device. In this embodiment, a large-scale non-mechanical scanning phased array laser communication transmitting device is formed by winding around a preset axis on the same horizontal plane. It is composed of a plurality of phased array laser communication transmitting sub-devices arranged in the circumferential direction. Wherein, each laser communication emitting sub-device includes a laser communication transmitter, an optical fiber coupler, an optical waveguide phased array, an optical waveguide phase shifter, a liquid crystal spatial light modulator and a liquid crystal polarization grating. The laser communication transmitter, the emitted laser signal enters the optical waveguide phased array through the fiber coupler; the optical waveguide phase shifter adjusts the phase difference of the laser signal entering the optical waveguide phased array, Obtaining the laser initial adjustment signal; the optical waveguide phased array transmits the adjusted laser initial adjustment signal to the liquid crystal spatial light modulator; the liquid crystal spatial light modulator changes the laser initial adjustment signal by adjusting the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer The phase difference of the laser final adjustment signal is obtained and sent to the liquid crystal polarization grating; the liquid crystal polarization grating performs a large-scale discrete segment pointing to the laser final adjustment signal.

First, the laser signal emitted by the laser communication transmitter 11 enters the optical waveguide phased array 13 through the optical fiber coupler 12; then the optical waveguide phase shifter 14 adjusts the phase difference of the laser signal entering the optical waveguide phased array 13 to obtain the initial laser beam. Adjustment signal; the optical waveguide phased array 13 transmits the adjusted laser initial adjustment signal to the liquid crystal spatial light modulator 15; the liquid crystal spatial light modulator 15 changes the phase difference of the laser initial adjustment signal by adjusting the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer to obtain a laser The final adjustment signal is sent to the liquid crystal polarization grating 16; finally, the liquid crystal polarization grating 16 performs a large-scale discrete segment pointing to the final laser adjustment signal. The liquid crystal spatial light modulator 15 and the liquid crystal polarization grating 16 are used to increase the range of the laser signal in the elevation and azimuth axis, avoiding the influence of wavelength tuning on the laser communication system. 360° full-circle laser communication is non-mechanical servo networking, and then achieves laser communication from one location to multiple locations.

The implementation details of a large-scale non-mechanical scanning phased array laser communication transmitting device of the present embodiment are described in detail below. The following content is only provided for the convenience of understanding, and is not necessary for implementing this solution.

A large-scale non-mechanical scanning phased array laser communication transmitting device includes a plurality of phased array laser communication transmitting sub-devices circumferentially arranged around a preset axis on the same horizontal plane.

Specifically, the central axis is preset, the center of the circle is selected as the axis on the modified axis, the horizontal plane where the axis is located is the working level, and all phased array laser communication transmitter devices are centered on the axis, and in the The working level is evenly distributed in the circumferential direction.

For example, a large-scale non-mechanical scanning phased array laser communication transmitter is shown in Figure 1. The number of phased array laser communication transmitter sub-devices is three, and the three phased array laser communication transmitter sub-devices are located on the same horizontal plane, and are evenly arranged around the preset axis. The horizontal position of the transmitting sub-devices is the horizontal azimuth, and the vertical position of the three phased array laser communication transmitting sub-devices is the pitching azimuth.

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, each laser communication transmitter sub-device includes a laser communication transmitter 11, a fiber coupler 12, an optical waveguide phased array 13, an optical waveguide phase shifter 14, a liquid crystal spatial light modulator 15 and a liquid crystal polarizer Grating 16, first the laser signal emitted by the laser communication transmitter 11 enters the optical waveguide phased array 13 through the fiber coupler 12; then the optical waveguide phase shifter 14 adjusts the phase of the laser signal entering the optical waveguide phased array 13 The optical waveguide phased array 13 transmits the adjusted laser initial adjustment signal to the liquid crystal spatial light modulator 15; the liquid crystal spatial light modulator 15 changes the phase difference of the laser signal by adjusting the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer , to obtain the final laser adjustment signal, and send it to the liquid crystal polarization grating 16; finally, the liquid crystal polarization grating 16 performs a large-scale discrete segment pointing to the final laser adjustment signal. The liquid crystal spatial light modulator 15 and the liquid crystal polarization grating 16 are used to increase the range of the laser signal in the elevation and azimuth angle, so as to avoid the influence of wavelength tuning on the laser communication system.

Step 1.1, the laser signal emitted by the laser communication transmitter 11 enters the optical waveguide phased array 13 through the fiber coupler 12 .

Specifically, a laser communication transmitter 11 with a model of kintex-7 development board XC7K325T is used to transmit a 10Gbps laser communication signal to the fiber coupler 12 integrated on the optical waveguide phased array 13 chip, and the laser signal is connected to the laser signal through the fiber coupler 12. The coupling is carried out and enters the optical waveguide phased array 13 .

Step 1.2, the optical waveguide phase shifter 14 adjusts the phase difference of the laser signal entering the optical waveguide phased array 13 to obtain a laser initial adjustment signal, and the optical waveguide phased array 13 will adjust the adjusted laser initial adjustment signal Emitted to the liquid crystal spatial light modulator 15 .

Specifically, the optical waveguide shifter is integrated on the phased array chip, and the optical waveguide phased array 13 chip is controlled by the optical waveguide phase shifter 14 to control the direction of the laser signal, and the optical waveguide phase shifter 14 adjusts the phase difference of the laser signal. The range of the horizontal azimuth angle is -60°～60°, and the initial laser adjustment signal is obtained, and the optical waveguide phased array 13 transmits the adjusted initial laser adjustment signal to the liquid crystal spatial light modulator 15 .

In step 1.3, the liquid crystal spatial light modulator 15 changes the phase difference of the laser signal by adjusting the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer to obtain a final laser adjustment signal, and sends it to the liquid crystal polarization grating 16 .

Specifically, the model of the liquid crystal spatial light modulator 15 used is: Meadowlark Optical-UserManual 1x12K Linear Array Spatial Light Modulator With 16-bit PCIeControlle, the rotation axis of the liquid crystal spatial light modulator 15 and the rotation axis of the optical waveguide phased array 13 are mutually Vertical, the liquid crystal spatial light modulator 15 is based on the optical phased array technology, and the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer is controlled by an external electric field, so that the liquid crystal layer in different positions has different refractive indices, so a certain phase difference will be formed between different positions of the liquid crystal layer , through the appropriate electric field adjustment, the phase distribution on the entire position of the liquid crystal layer is periodically similar to the grating structure, which is equivalent to using the liquid crystal to form the phase depth profile similar to the grating structure. When the layer grating is on the phase plane, the laser initial adjustment signal will be deflected. Through the modulation of different electric fields, the liquid crystal layer can achieve different phase depth profiles, and the laser initial adjustment signal can be deflected at different angles. The liquid crystal spatial light modulator 15 uses the electro-optic effect to change the refractive index of the liquid crystal to achieve high-precision deflection of the laser signal. The range of the azimuth angle is -2.5° to 2.5°, and then the final adjustment signal of the deflected laser is sent to the liquid crystal polarization grating 16 .

In step 1.4, the liquid crystal polarization grating 16 performs a large-scale discrete segment pointing to the final laser adjustment signal.

Specifically, the model of the liquid crystal polarization grating 16 used is a transmissive liquid crystal polarization grating 16BNS-1550nm, the rotation axis of the liquid crystal light modulator is parallel to the rotation axis of the liquid crystal polarization grating 16, and the liquid crystal polarization grating 16 is based on controlling the chirality of the incident light. The circularly deflected light is diffracted to +1 order or -1 order, and the polarization chirality is controlled by integrating a fast electro-optic half-wave polarization retarder. Low power consumption, the cascade number of the liquid crystal polarization grating 16 determines the number of segments of its deflection angle, and the four-level liquid crystal polarization grating 16 is cascaded to separate the pitch and azimuth angle of the final laser adjustment signal of the spatial light modulator 15 into discrete segments. The range of pointing and pitch azimuth is 0°, -2.5°～2.5°, -5°～5°, -7.5°～7.5°, -10°～10°.

It is worth mentioning that each module involved in this embodiment is a logical module. In practical applications, a logical unit may be a physical unit, a part of a physical unit, or multiple physical units. A composite implementation of the unit. In addition, in order to highlight the innovative part of the present invention, this embodiment does not introduce units that are not closely related to solving the technical problem proposed by the present invention, but this does not mean that there are no other units in this embodiment.

Taking the above ideal embodiments according to the present invention as inspiration, and through the above description, relevant personnel can make various changes and modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and the technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims (7)

1. A wide-range non-mechanical scanning phased array laser communication transmitting device is characterized by comprising: the system comprises a plurality of phased array laser communication transmitting sub-devices which are circumferentially arranged around a preset axis on the same horizontal plane, wherein each laser communication transmitting sub-device comprises a laser communication transmitter, an optical fiber coupler, an optical waveguide phased array, an optical waveguide phase shifter, a liquid crystal spatial light modulator and a liquid crystal polarization grating;

the laser communication transmitter transmits laser signals to enter the optical waveguide phased array through the optical fiber coupler;

the optical waveguide phase shifter adjusts the phase difference of the laser signals entering the optical waveguide phased array to obtain a laser primary adjustment signal;

the optical waveguide phased array transmits the adjusted laser primary adjustment signal to the liquid crystal spatial light modulator;

the liquid crystal spatial light modulator changes the phase difference of the laser initial adjustment signal by adjusting the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer to obtain a laser final adjustment signal and sends the laser final adjustment signal to the liquid crystal polarization grating;

and the liquid crystal polarization grating performs large-range discrete segmented pointing on the laser final adjustment signal.

2. The large-scale non-mechanical scanning phased array laser communication transmitting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said number of said laser communication transmitting sub-devices is three.

3. The extended range non-mechanical scanning phased array laser communication transmitting device of claim 1, wherein the laser communication transmitter transmits 10Gbps laser signals.

4. The device for wide-range non-mechanical scanning phased array laser communication transmission as claimed in claim 1, wherein said optical waveguide phase shifter adjusts the phase difference of the laser signals to be in the range of horizontal azimuth angle-60 ° to 60 °.

5. The wide range non-mechanical scanning phased array laser communication transmitter as claimed in claim 1, wherein said spatial light modulator controls the elevation angle of the phase difference of the laser signal by adjusting the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer, the phase difference being in the range of-2.5 ° to 2.5 ° in elevation angle.

6. The wide range non-mechanical scanning phased array laser communication transmitter as claimed in claim 1, wherein said liquid crystal polarization grating is a four-stage liquid crystal polarization grating cascade.

7. The wide range non-mechanical scanning phased array laser communication transmitter as claimed in claim 6, wherein said liquid crystal polarization grating performs discrete segmented pointing of elevation azimuth angle of laser signal of said spatial light modulator, the range of elevation azimuth angle is 0 °, -2.5 °, -5 °, -7.5 ° -10 °.

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