CN114796149A - 一种高生物利用度的双醋瑞因胶囊剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种高生物利用度的双醋瑞因胶囊剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114796149A CN114796149A CN202210449016.5A CN202210449016A CN114796149A CN 114796149 A CN114796149 A CN 114796149A CN 202210449016 A CN202210449016 A CN 202210449016A CN 114796149 A CN114796149 A CN 114796149A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种双醋瑞因胶囊剂及其制备方法,属于医药制剂技术领域。该胶囊剂由内容物和胶囊壳组成,内容物包含肠溶性药物颗粒、填充剂、崩解剂和润滑剂,所述的肠溶性药物颗粒是将如下质量分数的组分混匀并热熔挤出后粉碎而得:双醋瑞因10%~40%、肠溶性高分子载体材料50%~80%,表面活性剂5%~20%。本发明胶囊剂中所含肠溶性高分子载体可以抑制双醋瑞因在胃肠道的重结晶,从而提高生物利用度,减少不良反应。溶出度试验和比格犬体内药代动力学试验表明:本发明制得的双醋瑞因胶囊溶出效果好,生物利用度高。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医药制剂技术领域,具体而言,涉及一种胶囊剂,尤其涉及一种高生物利用度的双醋瑞因胶囊剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
双醋瑞因,化学名称为二乙酰大黄酸,蒽醌类衍生物,属于新一代改善病情用抗风湿药(DMARD)或慢作用抗风湿药(SAARD)。其活性代谢产物大黄酸可抑制白介素IL-1的生成。同时,本品不抑制前列腺素合成,因此与非甾体类抗炎药(NSAID)相比,对黏膜损伤相对较少。经细胞实验及动物实验证实:双醋瑞因可诱导软骨生成,具有止痛、抗炎及退热作用,对骨关节炎(OA)患者的关节功能有显著的改善作用,可以延缓病程,减轻疼痛,提高患者的生活质量,后续效应和安全性良好,是一种有效的治疗骨关节炎的药物。此外,该药物对肾炎也具有良好的治疗作用。
双醋瑞因是TRB Pharma S.A.公司研究开发的骨关节炎IL-1抑制剂。国内已批准有进口的双醋瑞因胶囊,商品名“安必丁”。安必丁为胶囊剂,患者服用方便,长期服用毒副作用小,欧洲曾进行了507例患者为期三年的随机、双盲实验,结果表明安必丁耐受性好,毒副作用小。国内研究显示,本品可显著改善骨关节炎及相关疾病引起的疼痛和关节功能障碍等症状。服用2~4周后开始显效,4~6周表现明显。若连续治疗3个月以后停药,疗效至少可持续1个月(后续效应)。
CN 106236729 A公开了一种双醋瑞因胶囊制剂,该胶囊活性成分为双醋瑞因,辅料为药学上可接受的乳糖、微分硅胶、硬脂酸镁、崩解剂、粘合剂。但其溶出度较低,30min溶出度仅有80.5%。同时,选择水作为粘合剂,需要通过干燥的方法将其除去,对颗粒的大小及形状、粒度分布,以及干燥后的水分分布状态,均有着极高的要求,稍微出现些偏差即可造成后续工艺出现问题,导致合格率降低。
CN 113456596 A公开了一种双醋瑞因颗粒,该颗粒剂含有双醋瑞因、填充剂、助流剂、丙烯酸树脂和聚乙二醇。尽管制得的颗粒具有较好的溶出度,但在其生产过程中,需对原辅料进行过筛、湿法制粒、干燥,这些步骤用时长,效率低。所用制粒液体为高浓度甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇等,对环境不友好,容易带来安全问题,不利于车间安全生产和工人劳动保护。
CN 106619555 A公开了一种双醋瑞因速释微丸制剂,该制剂以空白丸芯为载体,含助溶剂及粘合剂的双醋瑞因水溶液为上药溶液,采用流化床底喷上药方法制备载药微丸,加入防护层膜材溶液经流化床包衣获得双醋瑞因速释微丸制剂。整个工艺流程复杂,且需要进行多次干燥,生产效率低。
CN 106727360 A将双醋瑞因、聚维酮和部分润滑剂混匀通过熔体挤出法制备获得固体分散体,然后添加剩余润滑剂获得颗粒剂;或将双醋瑞因和聚维酮溶于有机溶剂中,通过溶剂蒸发法或喷雾干燥法制备获得固体分散体,添加润滑剂后获得颗粒剂。然而,该技术的部分工艺中用到了丙酮、甲醇、二氯甲烷等有机溶剂,不利于车间安全生产和工人劳动保护。另外,双醋瑞因在胃中形成热力学不稳定的过饱和溶液,已溶解的双醋瑞因在胃肠道中重新析晶导致吸收减少从而导致生物利用度降低。
发明内容
鉴于现有技术的不足,本发明的目的在于提供一种高生物利用度的双醋瑞因胶囊剂及其制备方法,该方法制备工艺简单,具有较高的生产效率及成品合格率。
为了实现上述技术目的,本发明人通过大量试验研究并不懈探索,最终采用熔融制粒的技术手段有效解决了双醋瑞因在胃肠道中重新析晶导致生物利用度降低的问题。具体地,实现本发明目的的技术方案如下:
一种双醋瑞因胶囊剂,由内容物和胶囊壳组成,所述的内容物包含肠溶性药物颗粒、填充剂、崩解剂和润滑剂,所述的肠溶性药物颗粒是将如下质量分数的组分混匀并热熔挤出后粉碎而得:双醋瑞因10%~40%、肠溶性高分子载体材料50%~80%,表面活性剂5%~20%(以所述肠溶性药物颗粒的质量作为100%计算)。本发明对所述胶囊壳并无特殊限定,可以为本领域技术人员熟知的适用胶囊壳。
进一步优选地,如上所述的双醋瑞因胶囊剂,其中的肠溶性高分子载体材料选自如下的一种或两种以上:醋酸羟丙甲纤维素琥珀酸酯、羟丙甲纤维素邻苯二甲酸酯、丙烯酸树脂。
再进一步优选地,如上所述的双醋瑞因胶囊剂,其中的的醋酸羟丙甲纤维素琥珀酸酯包括醋酸羟丙甲纤维素琥珀酸酯LF型、醋酸羟丙甲纤维素琥珀酸酯MF型、醋酸羟丙甲纤维素琥珀酸酯HF型。
再进一步优选地,如上所述的双醋瑞因胶囊剂,其中的丙烯酸树脂包括丙烯酸树脂L100型、丙烯酸树脂L100-55型、丙烯酸树脂S100型。
进一步优选地,如上所述的双醋瑞因胶囊剂,其中的表面活性剂选自如下的一种或两种以上:吐温80、胆酸钠、聚乙二醇/乙烯基己内酰胺/醋酸乙烯酯共聚物、α-生育酚琥珀酸聚乙二醇酯、泊洛沙姆F188、十二烷基硫酸钠。
进一步优选地,如上所述的双醋瑞因胶囊剂,其中的填充剂选自如下的一种或两种以上:微晶纤维素、乳糖、甘露醇、预胶化淀粉、蔗糖。更优选甘露醇。
进一步优选地,如上所述的双醋瑞因胶囊剂,其中的崩解剂选自如下的一种或两种以上:交联羧甲基纤维素钠、低取代羟丙纤维素、交联聚维酮、干淀粉、羧甲淀粉钠。更优选交联羧甲基纤维素钠。
进一步优选地,如上所述的双醋瑞因胶囊剂,其中的润滑剂选自如下的一种或两种以上:硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸、滑石粉、硬脂富马酸钠。更优选硬脂酸镁。
另外,本发明还提供了上述双醋瑞因胶囊剂的制备方法,该方法包括以下步骤:称取双醋瑞因、肠溶性高分子载体材料和表面活性剂,混合均匀,用热熔挤出机加热熔融后挤出,粉碎,过80~120目筛,得所述肠溶性药物颗粒,然后与填充剂、崩解剂和润滑剂混合均匀,装胶囊壳,包装,检验,得成品。
进一步优选地,如上所述双醋瑞因胶囊剂的制备方法,其中热熔挤出机的工作参数为:螺杆转速为80~300rpm,喂料速度为1~3kg/h,温度为110~190℃。再进一步对热熔挤出机的工作参数优选为:螺杆转速为80~150rpm;喂料速度为2~2.5kg/h:温度为150~180℃。
与现有技术相比,本发明提供的双醋瑞因胶囊剂及其制备方法具有如下优点和显著进步:
本发明提供的双醋瑞因胶囊,制备过程中不需要对原料进行微粉化处理,进一步缩短了生产时间,比湿法制粒更迅速,且工艺更稳定、可控。
(1)本发明采用特定的基质与双醋瑞因经过熔融制粒得到肠溶性颗粒,再与辅料混合均匀,进行胶囊填装,即得双醋瑞因胶囊。双醋瑞因以非晶态形式存在于肠溶性颗粒中,不仅能提高双醋瑞因在胃肠道过饱和溶液的浓度,还可以抑制双醋瑞因在胃肠道的重结晶,从而提高生物利用度,其胃肠道过饱和抑制重结晶效果优于上市制剂胶囊。
(2)本发明在制粒过程中不需要加入水或有机溶剂等液体做粘合剂,不会有有机溶剂残留,环境友好。同时,熔融制粒技术不仅有利于粉末间的混合,还可以防止已经分散了的双醋瑞因粉末的重聚集,从而使药物的生物利用度进一步提高。
(3)本发明直接使用未经特殊处理(微粉化)的成品原料进行熔融制粒,对原料的粒径没有要求,降低了现有技术中对原料的苛刻要求,提高了生产的耐用性,大大降低了出现偏差的可能,增加了成品的合格率和效率。
(4)本发明制备工艺简单,替代原湿法制粒工艺,提高了产品的稳定性,缩短了生产的工序,由粉碎过筛、湿法制粒、干燥整粒变为熔融制粒,节约了人力、物力的成本,且生产工艺稳定可控,产品质量均一,采用的熔融制粒工艺为连续化生产工艺,提高了生产效率,适于工业化生产。
附图说明
图1为各实施例和对比实施例制得的双醋瑞因胶囊以及市售双醋瑞因胶囊(商品名:安必丁)溶出结果对比。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体制备例和试验例对本发明的技术方案和技术效果作进一步详细说明。但本领域技术人员将会理解,下列实施例仅用于说明本发明,而不应视为限定本发明的范围。另外,实施例中未注明具体技术操作步骤或条件者,均按照本领域内的文献所描述的一般技术条件或者按照产品说明书进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者,均为可以通过市购获得的常规产品。
实施例1
(一)处方
(二)制备工艺
将处方量的双醋瑞因和羟丙甲纤维素邻苯二甲酸酯、泊洛沙姆F188混合后熔融制粒。
热熔挤出参数:温度设定:80℃/120℃/160℃/160℃/160℃/160℃/160℃/160℃;螺杆转速:150rpm;喂料速度:2kg/h。
粉碎后,过80目筛,与甘露醇、交联羧甲基纤维素钠、硬脂酸镁混合均匀后,填装胶囊,包装,检验,得成品。
实施例2
(一)处方
(二)制备工艺
将处方量的双醋瑞因和醋酸羟丙甲纤维素琥珀酸酯LF型、胆酸钠混合后熔融制粒。
热熔挤出参数:温度设定:120℃/150℃/170℃/170℃/170℃/170℃/170℃/170℃;螺杆转速:100rpm;喂料速度:2kg/h。
粉碎后,过80目筛,与甘露醇、交联羧甲基纤维素钠、硬脂酸镁混合均匀后,填装胶囊,包装,检验,得成品。
实施例3
(一)处方
(二)制备工艺
将处方量的双醋瑞因和丙烯酸树脂L100-55型、吐温80混合后熔融制粒。
热熔挤出参数:温度设定:120℃/150℃/175℃/175℃/175℃/175℃/175℃/175℃;螺杆转速:120rpm;喂料速度:2kg/h。
粉碎后,过80目筛,与微晶纤维素、低取代羟丙纤维素、硬脂酸镁混合均匀后,填装胶囊,包装,检验,得成品。
实施例4
(一)处方
(二)制备工艺
将处方量的双醋瑞因和丙烯酸树脂S100型、十二烷基硫酸钠混合后熔融制粒。
热熔挤出参数:温度设定:110℃/140℃/165℃/165℃/165℃/165℃/165℃/165℃;螺杆转速:80rpm;喂料速度:2kg/h。
粉碎后,过80目筛,与微晶纤维素、低取代羟丙纤维素、滑石粉混合均匀后,填装胶囊,包装,检验,得成品。
实施例5
(一)处方
(二)制备工艺
将处方量的双醋瑞因和醋酸羟丙甲纤维素琥珀酸酯MF型、α-生育酚琥珀酸聚乙二醇酯混合后熔融制粒。
热熔挤出参数:温度设定:130℃/150℃/170℃/170℃/170℃/170℃/170℃/170℃;螺杆转速:100rpm;喂料速度:2kg/h。
粉碎后,过100目筛,与乳糖、低取代羟丙纤维素、硬脂酸混合均匀后,填装胶囊,包装,检验,得成品。
实施例6
(一)处方
(二)制备工艺
将处方量的双醋瑞因和醋酸羟丙甲纤维素琥珀酸酯HF型、聚乙二醇/乙烯基己内酰胺/醋酸乙烯酯共聚物混合后熔融制粒。
热熔挤出参数:温度设定:130℃/150℃/175℃/175℃/175℃/175℃/175℃/175℃;螺杆转速:120rpm;喂料速度:2.5kg/h。
粉碎后,过80目筛,与甘露醇、交联聚维酮、硬脂酸镁混合均匀后,填装胶囊,包装,检验,得成品。
实施例7
(一)处方
(二)制备工艺
将处方量的双醋瑞因和丙烯酸树脂L100型、聚乙二醇/乙烯基己内酰胺/醋酸乙烯酯共聚物混合后熔融制粒。
热熔挤出参数:温度设定:110℃/140℃/165℃/165℃/165℃/165℃/165℃/165℃;螺杆转速:100rpm;喂料速度:2kg/h。
粉碎后,过100目筛,与甘露醇、交联羧甲基纤维素钠、硬脂富马酸钠混合均匀后,填装胶囊,包装,检验,得成品。
实施例8
(一)处方
(二)制备工艺
将处方量的双醋瑞因和醋酸羟丙甲纤维素琥珀酸酯LF型、泊洛沙姆F188混合后熔融制粒。
热熔挤出参数:温度设定:125℃/150℃/170℃/170℃/170℃/170℃/170℃/170℃;螺杆转速:100rpm;喂料速度:2kg/h。
粉碎后,过80目筛,与微晶纤维素、交联羧甲基纤维素钠、硬脂富马酸钠混合均匀后,填装胶囊,包装,检验,得成品。
对比实施例1
(一)处方
双醋瑞因 | 30g | 15% |
乳糖 | 162g | 81% |
二氧化硅 | 2g | 1% |
丙烯酸树脂L100-55 | 6g | 3% |
95%乙醇 | 50g | - |
(二)制备工艺
将丙烯酸树脂L100-55加入体积百分数95%的乙醇溶液制得混合液体。
双醋瑞因和乳糖、二氧化硅于流化床中进风温度60℃进行干燥,干燥至干燥失重≤1%(105℃恒重),喷入混合液体。
流化床顶喷制粒参数:风机频率:25Hz;温度:30℃;喷液速度:20rpm;雾化压力:0.25MPa。
喷液结束后,进风60℃进行干燥,当干燥失重≤3%(105℃,3min),结束干燥,出料,过筛,即得双醋瑞因颗粒。
填装胶囊,包装,检验,得成品。
对比实施例2
(一)处方
双醋瑞因 | 25g | 12.5% |
乳糖 | 134g | 67% |
交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮 | 30g | 15% |
聚维酮K30 | 10g | 5% |
硬脂酸镁 | 1g | 0.5% |
水 | 45g | - |
(二)制备工艺
称取处方量的双醋瑞因、乳糖、交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和聚维酮K30,混合均匀,过60目筛,水作为润湿剂制成软材,过20目筛制粒。50℃下干燥1h,过20目筛整粒,加硬脂酸镁混合均匀,填装胶囊,包装,检验,得成品。
对比实施例3
(一)处方
(二)制备工艺
将处方量的双醋瑞因和羟丙甲纤维素邻苯二甲酸酯混合后熔融制粒。
热熔挤出参数:温度设定:125℃/150℃/170℃/170℃/170℃/170℃/170℃/170℃;螺杆转速:100rpm;喂料速度:2kg/h。
粉碎后,过100目筛,与甘露醇、交联羧甲基纤维素钠、硬脂酸镁混合均匀后,填装胶囊,包装,检验,得成品。
实施例9
1.溶出度试验
将上述各实施例和对比实施例制得的双醋瑞因胶囊进行溶出实验,方法如下:
取待测胶囊,照溶出度测定法(中国药典2020年版四部通则第一法),以900ml介质溶液(pH7.0缓冲液:0.68g磷酸二氢钾与0.1mol/L氢氧化铝溶液29.1ml混合,加水至100ml)为溶出介质,转速为每分钟100转,依法操作,分别在5、15、30min取溶液10ml,经0.45um滤膜滤过,并及时补充溶出介质10ml;取续滤液5ml,置于50ml容量瓶中,用介质溶液稀释至刻度,摇匀。
照分光光度法,在258nm波长处,取样10μl测定吸光度。另取双醋瑞因对照品适量,用上述溶出介质配制对照品溶液,同法测定。按外标法以峰面积计算每粒胶囊在不同时间的累积溶出度(%)。
表1溶出度试验结果
2.稳定性试验
将上述各实施例和对比实施例制得的双醋瑞因胶囊分别于40℃、75%RH条件下进行加速稳定性考察,分别于0天、1个月、2个月、3个月和6个月取各组胶囊的内容物,测定各组胶囊内容物的有关物质的含量。具体检测结果如表2所示:
表2稳定性考察试验结果
3.药代动力学试验
将上述各实施例和对比实施例制得的双醋瑞因胶囊进行犬的药代动力学实验。每组健康比格犬6只,体重12~15kg,给药前禁食12小时,分别口服双醋瑞因剂量50mg与本发明实施例、对比实施例的产品,同时给予10ml温水,于给药前和给药结束后15min、30min、45min、1h、1.5h、2h、3h、4h、6h、8h、12h、24h于前肢或后肢静脉采血0.6mL,置于肝素化试管中,测定其血药浓度,计算Cmax、AUC,并同市售双醋瑞因胶囊(商品名:安必丁)对比。结果见表3。
表3药代动力学试验测定结果
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式,其描述较为具体和详细,但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进,这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此,本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。
Claims (10)
1.一种双醋瑞因胶囊剂,由内容物和胶囊壳组成,其特征在于,所述的内容物包含肠溶性药物颗粒、填充剂、崩解剂和润滑剂,所述的肠溶性药物颗粒是将如下质量分数的组分混匀并热熔挤出后粉碎而得:双醋瑞因10%~40%、肠溶性高分子载体材料50%~80%,表面活性剂5%~20%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的双醋瑞因胶囊剂,其特征在于,所述肠溶性高分子载体材料选自如下的一种或两种以上:醋酸羟丙甲纤维素琥珀酸酯、羟丙甲纤维素邻苯二甲酸酯、丙烯酸树脂。
3.根据权利要求2所述的双醋瑞因胶囊剂,其特征在于,所述的醋酸羟丙甲纤维素琥珀酸酯包括醋酸羟丙甲纤维素琥珀酸酯LF型、醋酸羟丙甲纤维素琥珀酸酯MF型、醋酸羟丙甲纤维素琥珀酸酯HF型。
4.根据权利要求2所述的双醋瑞因胶囊剂,其特征在于,所述丙烯酸树脂包括丙烯酸树脂L100型、丙烯酸树脂L100-55型、丙烯酸树脂S100型。
5.根据权利要求1所述的双醋瑞因胶囊剂,其特征在于,所述表面活性剂选自如下的一种或两种以上:吐温80、胆酸钠、聚乙二醇/乙烯基己内酰胺/醋酸乙烯酯共聚物、α-生育酚琥珀酸聚乙二醇酯、泊洛沙姆F188、十二烷基硫酸钠。
6.根据权利要求1所述的双醋瑞因胶囊剂,其特征在于,所述填充剂选自如下的一种或两种以上:微晶纤维素、乳糖、甘露醇、预胶化淀粉、蔗糖。
7.根据权利要求1所述的双醋瑞因胶囊剂,其特征在于,所述崩解剂选自如下的一种或两种以上:交联羧甲基纤维素钠、低取代羟丙纤维素、交联聚维酮、干淀粉、羧甲淀粉钠。
8.根据权利要求1所述的双醋瑞因胶囊剂,其特征在于,所述润滑剂选自如下的一种或两种以上:硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸、滑石粉、硬脂富马酸钠。
9.一种根据权利要求1-8任一项所述双醋瑞因胶囊剂的制备方法,其特征在于,该方法包括以下步骤:称取双醋瑞因、肠溶性高分子载体材料和表面活性剂,混合均匀,用热熔挤出机加热熔融后挤出,粉碎,过80~120目筛,得所述肠溶性药物颗粒,然后与填充剂、崩解剂和润滑剂混合均匀,装胶囊壳,包装,检验,得成品。
10.根据权利要求9所述双醋瑞因胶囊剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述热熔挤出机的工作参数为:螺杆转速为80~300rpm,喂料速度为1~3kg/h,温度为110~190℃。
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