CN114793716A - Method for preventing and treating chronic senescence of citrus - Google Patents

Method for preventing and treating chronic senescence of citrus Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114793716A
CN114793716A CN202210418572.6A CN202210418572A CN114793716A CN 114793716 A CN114793716 A CN 114793716A CN 202210418572 A CN202210418572 A CN 202210418572A CN 114793716 A CN114793716 A CN 114793716A
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citrus
fosthiazate
root
amino
oligosaccharin
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CN202210418572.6A
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Inventor
温寿星
张艳芳
胡菡青
黄镜浩
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Pomology Research Institute Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Pomology Research Institute Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00Protecting plants
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/02Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
    • A01N25/04Dispersions, emulsions, suspoemulsions, suspension concentrates or gels
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/02Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/04Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
    • A01N43/14Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
    • A01N43/16Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N57/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds
    • A01N57/26Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-nitrogen bonds
    • A01N57/32Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-nitrogen bonds containing heterocyclic radicals

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preventing and treating citrus chronic failure, which comprises the step of irrigating roots by using an aqueous emulsion compounded by amino-oligosaccharin and fosthiazate, wherein the application amount per mu of land is 500-1000 mL. Experiments show that the water emulsion compounded by the fosthiazate and the amino-oligosaccharin has good control effect on main pathogenic hemipuncture nematodes of the citrus chronic failure, the control effect reaches 79.15%, and the water emulsion is superior to a fosthiazate and amino-oligosaccharin single agent, and can be widely applied and popularized to control the citrus chronic failure.

Description

Method for preventing and treating chronic senescence of citrus
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of disease and insect pest control of fruit trees, and particularly relates to a method for controlling chronic senescence of citrus.
Background
Chronic failure of citrus (1)Tylenchulus semipenetrans) Is an important disease in the production of citrus in the world, is widely distributed in each citrus producing area in the world, and has the main pathogenIs about to be citrus hemipenetrans. The citrus hemitylenchus penetrans have tiny polypide and cannot be observed by naked eyes, and can invade into citrus fibrous roots to invade citrus root cortex, so that the development of the roots is stopped, new absorption roots are not generated any more, the supply of water and nutrients is influenced, the root system is enlarged and malformed, and symptoms such as root nodule and root knot are formed when the root system is serious; the initial symptoms of the overground part are not obvious and mainly accompanied with the phenomena of nutrient deficiency and yellowing, etc., but along with the continuous multiplication of nematodes, damaged absorption roots are gradually increased, and the phenomena of slow and chronic decline such as less treetops, small leaves, curled leaf edges, yellowing, lackluster, more flowers, less fruits, low yield and the like appear in tree crowns; the later stage shows that the seedlings do not bear fruits all the year round, the yield is seriously reduced, and branches are withered and fallen when the seedlings are seriously damaged, so that the whole plants are withered.
The method for controlling the citrus chronic failure disease comprises water flooding treatment and medicament treatment, which are respectively explained as follows:
and (3) flooding treatment: the growth and development of the citrus hemitylenchus penetrans require sufficient air, so that the citrus hemitylenchus penetrans can be irrigated with purified water in slack season, the deep water layer is kept for more than 40 days, and the second-instar larvae and eggs of the hemitylenchus penetrans die by suffocation. Theoretically, the method for preventing and treating the heminematoda not only is safe to people and livestock and not easy to cause pollution to the environment, but also has small investment. Even if the heminematoda is temporarily controlled to continue infection and spread, the crops infected with the heminematoda still cannot recover the growth vigor, which has great influence on the later yield and quality of the crops. However, in actual production, the water flooding treatment cannot achieve the effect of immediate effect, the economic benefit is low, and only can treat the symptoms and cannot treat the root causes.
And (3) preventing and treating by using a medicament: digging holes and rotten roots before the new shoots germinate and the new roots occur in the orchard in spring, digging an annular ditch with the width of 30 cm and the depth of 15-20 cm in a tree crown drip line, mixing fine sandy soil and 5-50 g of 10% fosthiazate granules for each plant, applying the mixture into the ditch, covering soil after application, and watering to moisten the soil. In the germination period and the emergence period of new shoots in autumn, the citrus rhizosphere is irrigated by using 1.0% abamectin EC 600-fold liquid and 750-fold root growth promoting agent, and the pesticide is applied for 1 time after 10 days, so that the control effect is good, and the tree vigor recovery and growth are quick. However, since the orchard self has no resistance to the chronic failure, the plants are not strong enough, and the disease resistance and stress resistance are not strong, the hemipuncture nematodes are fast to breed and spread, the early symptoms are not obvious, and the hemipuncture nematodes are attacked even seriously when discovered, and the prevention difficulty is greatly increased.
The amino-oligosaccharin is also called chitosan oligosaccharide, is an organic matter which can provide a food source for microorganisms, inhibit some plant pathogenic bacteria by promoting the growth of beneficial microorganisms in soil, and change the microbial flora of the soil. The plant growth can be stimulated, the crop and the fruits and vegetables can be increased in yield and harvest, the disease resistance and the nematode resistance of the plants are induced, a large amount of chitinase is generated under the induction of the amino-oligosaccharin of the root system of the crops, and the chitinase can erode chitin on the body surface of the nematodes, so that the nematodes invading into the plant bodies are fundamentally inhibited and killed. The fosthiazate is a main chemical component of the current nematicide, is widely applied in the market, has quick acting and strong systemic effect on the nematode, has outstanding effect on the nematode, but is easy to cause phytotoxicity when being inappropriately applied. Therefore, a proper high-efficiency nematicide needs to be screened, and by compounding fosthiazate and amino-oligosaccharin, the risk of fosthiazate phytotoxicity is relieved, the nematode resistance and disease resistance of crops are improved, the occurrence of citrus nematode diseases is reduced, misdiagnosis and misjudgment of citrus yellowing diseases are reduced, the planting benefit of citrus is improved, and the sustainable development of citrus industry is guaranteed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for controlling chronic senescence of citrus.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for preventing and treating chronic senescence of oranges is used in the late autumn tip maturity stage (8-9 months) of the oranges, and plants are irrigated with an aqueous emulsion compounded by amino-oligosaccharin and fosthiazate.
Furthermore, in the aqueous emulsion, the mass fraction of the amino-oligosaccharin is 1.5%, and the mass fraction of the fosthiazate is 7.5%.
Further, the application amount of the aqueous emulsion is 500-1000 mL/mu.
The control of the citrus chronic failure disease is mainly carried out on three aspects: the prevention, the prevention and the treatment in the middle period and the growth recovery in the later period are emphasized. Early prevention, reducing the occurrence probability of heminematoda; preventing and controlling diseases in the middle period, controlling the diseases in time and stopping damage in time; the growth vigor is recovered at the later stage, the damaged crops are helped to recover the healthy growth, and the loss is reduced.
In the early stage of the slow senescence disease of citrus, the symptoms are slight, the underground root system of a plant has no root nodules with the size of millet grains or only, the root system can normally absorb water and nutrition, and leaves do not wither, 9wt% oligosaccharide-fosthiazate aqueous emulsion (the ratio of 1.5wt% amino-oligosaccharide to 7.5wt% fosthiazate is 1: 5) is used in time, and the application method is that 500-1000 mL root irrigation is carried out on one mu of land;
in the middle stage of the citrus slow-aging disease, root nodules of plant roots are slightly large and many, and the root rot of dead plants occurs, under the condition, firstly, the plant plants in a field shed need to be cleaned in time, farm implements need to be wiped or disinfected in time, the disease source is cut off, the large-area spread of the disease is avoided, then 500-1000 mL of 9wt% oligosaccharide-fosthiazate aqueous emulsion (the ratio of 1.5wt% amino-oligosaccharide to 7.5wt% fosthiazate is 1: 5) is applied to each mu of irrigation roots, and the specific application amount can be adjusted according to the disease condition;
in the late stage of the disease of the citrus chronic senescence, large-area root systems of plants are blackened and rotted, and no new roots exist, and at the moment, 500-1000 mL of 9wt% oligosaccharide-fosthiazate aqueous emulsion (the ratio of 1.5wt% amino-oligosaccharide to 7.5wt% fosthiazate is 1: 5) is applied to each mu of irrigated roots, so that the nematode can be prevented and promoted to take roots.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) inhibit and kill the ovum, kill the insect ovum, overcome the drug resistance and improve the insecticidal activity by 10 times.
(2) Quick action + long action combination: after 2 months, the fosthiazate in the soil can still have a lethal effect on the hemipuncture nematodes, and after 6 months, the activity of the nematodes can still be prevented.
(3) The nematode killing agent has strong root growing and root nourishing effects, promotes the meristem of root system cells, quickly increases capillary roots, promotes the root system to be developed, can restore the growth of crops through root irrigation treatment, and keeps a normal growth state, so that the loss caused by the nematode harm can be minimized.
(4) The pesticide has wide control range, can kill pests on the ground, improves the pest resistance of crops, can better control hemicycle nematode, can transmit the pesticide to the overground part of plants due to better systemic property, and has better killing function on aphids and thrips of the crops.
Detailed Description
In order to make the present invention more comprehensible, the technical solutions of the present invention are further described below with reference to specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
1 materials and methods
1.1 general description of the test
The test field is located in a citrus orchard of a family of Haoyang in Minqing county, and 70 shatang oranges growing for 5 years are planted in the test field all the year round, and the hemispinosa nematodes are serious. The soil texture is better, irrigates conveniently.
1.2 test Agents
0.5wt% of amino-oligosaccharin aqueous solution;
② 10wt% fosthiazate granules;
③ 9wt% of oligosaccharide-fosthiazate aqueous emulsion (the proportion of 1.5wt% of amino-oligosaccharin to 7.5wt% of fosthiazate is 1: 5).
The medicaments are prepared and provided by Henan Hengxin agriculture and chemical Co.
1.3 test methods
The drug is applied at the late autumn maturity stage (8-9 months) of the sugar orange, and the contrast test of 3 test drugs on the control of the citrus chronic failure disease is carried out. The specific test design and the application method are shown in table 1, the liquid preparation is subjected to root irrigation treatment, and the granular preparation is mixed with fine soil and is subjected to furrow application in an annular ditch under a tree crown water dripping line. The application times are all 1 time. To use no agent as a blank.
Table 1 test design and application method
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
1.4 methods of investigation
Firstly, investigating half-piercing nematodes:
the number of nematode semi-piercing nematodes on the rhizosphere is investigated for 1 time respectively at 60 days and 180 days before and after the treatment of the medicament, and the reduction rate of the nematode semi-piercing and the prevention and treatment effect of the nematode semi-piercing are calculated.
Hemipuncture nematode decline rate (%) =100 × (number of nematodes before treatment-number of nematodes after treatment)/number of nematodes before treatment
Semi-puncture nematode control effect (%) =100 × (treatment nematode decline rate-CK blank nematode decline rate)/(100-CK blank nematode decline rate)
Secondly, observing the root system of the underground part:
taking plants 180 days after the application of the pesticide, washing off the root matrix by using clear water, investigating the growth vigor of the root system by taking the plants as a unit, counting the number of root knots and the disease level and observation of the root knot nematodes, and evaluating the root knot nematode resistance of the medicament treatment.
The calculation of the root node number and the division of the resistance grade refer to the similar research at home and abroad, and the identified plants are divided into 6 disease grades according to the number of the root nodes of a single plant, which is as follows:
level 0: no root knot exists;
level 1: 1-10 root knots;
and 2, stage: 1-10 root knots;
and 3, level: 31-70 root knots;
4, level: 71-150 root knots;
and 5, stage: greater than 150 root knots.
Figure 156353DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Resistance rating criteria:
immune or extreme resistance: the root knot index is 0;
high resistance (I): the root knot index is more than 0 and less than or equal to 10;
anti-medium (HR): the root knot index is more than 10 and less than or equal to 20;
disease resistance (R): the root knot index is more than 20 and less than or equal to 40;
infection (S): the root knot index is more than 40 and less than or equal to 60;
high feeling (HS): the root knot index is greater than 60.
③ investigation of aphids:
the number of aphids on the whole plant is investigated for 1 time before medicament treatment and 14 days after medicament application, and the aphid decline rate and the aphid control effect are calculated.
Aphid reduction rate (%) =100 × (number of aphids before treatment-number of aphids after treatment)/number of aphids before treatment
Aphid control effect (%) =100 × (aphid decline rate-CK blank aphid decline rate)/(100-CK blank aphid decline rate)
The number of thrips on the whole plant is investigated 1 time before the treatment of the medicament and 30 days after the application of the medicament, and the thrip reduction rate and the thrip prevention and treatment effect are calculated.
Thrips reduction rate (%) =100 × (number of thrips before treatment-number of thrips after treatment)/number of thrips before treatment
Controlling effect of thrips (%) =100 × (treating thrips decline rate-CK blank thrips decline rate)/(100-CK blank thrips decline rate)
1.5 Effect of test agent
Test results show that (table 2), after 60 days of application, 500mL of 0.5wt% amino-oligosaccharin aqueous solution is used for each mu of the composition to achieve 57.67% of prevention and treatment effect on the semi-piercing nematodes of the sugar oranges, 600g of 10wt% fosthiazate granules is used for each mu of the composition to achieve 73.83% of prevention and treatment effect on the semi-piercing nematodes of the sugar oranges, and 9wt% oligosaccharide-fosthiazate aqueous emulsion is used for each mu of the composition to achieve 86.40% of prevention and treatment effect on the semi-piercing nematodes of the sugar oranges; at 180 days after application, the control effect of 500mL of 0.5wt% amino-oligosaccharin aqueous solution on the semi-piercing nematodes in the sugar oranges is 59.05%, the control effect of 600g of 10wt% fosthiazate granules on the semi-piercing nematodes in the sugar oranges is 70.56%, and the control effect of 9wt% oligosaccharide-fosthiazate aqueous emulsion on the semi-piercing nematodes in the sugar oranges is 81.83%
TABLE 2 prevention and treatment effects of different agents on Shatang orange hemirhabditis
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
The test results show that (table 3), compared with the treatment group of 0.5wt% of amino-oligosaccharin aqueous solution, the treatment group of 10wt% of fosthiazate granules and the blank control group, the treatment group of 9wt% of oligosaccharin-fosthiazate aqueous emulsion has obviously reduced root-knot index of sugar orange and obviously improved disease resistance to root-knot nematodes.
TABLE 3 Effect of different agent treatments on the root System of Shatang orange
Figure 480018DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
The test results show that (table 4), at 14 days after application, 500mL of 0.5wt% amino-oligosaccharin aqueous solution is used for controlling aphid of the sugar orange in each mu, the control effect of 91.37% of 10wt% fosthiazate granules is used for controlling aphid of the sugar orange in each mu, and the control effect of 95.30% of oligosaccharide-fosthiazate aqueous emulsion is used for controlling aphid of the sugar orange in each mu.
TABLE 4 control of the aphid of the satsuma orange by different pharmacological treatments
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
Test results show that (table 5), the control effect of 500mL of 0.5wt% amino-oligosaccharin water aqua on the thase orange thrips per mu is 63.23% 30d after the application, the control effect of 600g of 10wt% fosthiazate granules per mu on the thase orange thrips is 85.68%, and the control effect of 9wt% oligosaccharide-fosthiazate water emulsion on the thase orange thrips per mu is 95.62%.
TABLE 5 prevention and treatment of Shatangju thrips with different agents
Figure 928930DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all the equivalent changes and modifications made according to the claims of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. A method for controlling chronic senescence of citrus is characterized by comprising the following steps: and (3) irrigating roots of plants by using the emulsion in water compounded by the amino-oligosaccharin and the fosthiazate at the late autumn tip maturity of the oranges.
2. The citrus chronic failure control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the aqueous emulsion, the mass fraction of the amino-oligosaccharin is 1.5%, and the mass fraction of the fosthiazate is 7.5%.
3. The citrus chronic failure control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the application amount of the aqueous emulsion is 500-1000 mL/mu.
CN202210418572.6A 2022-04-21 2022-04-21 Method for preventing and treating chronic senescence of citrus Pending CN114793716A (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104855392A (en) * 2015-02-04 2015-08-26 东莞市瑞德丰生物科技有限公司 Nematode killing composition
CN107006515A (en) * 2017-05-22 2017-08-04 陈高念 A kind of method for reducing navel orange root nematode
WO2020183288A1 (en) * 2019-03-11 2020-09-17 Upl Limited A method of controlling citrus greening disease
CN112314622A (en) * 2020-11-02 2021-02-05 中诚国联(河南)生物科技有限公司 Application of composition containing fosthiazate and amino-oligosaccharin in prevention and treatment of root-knot nematodes
CN113331191A (en) * 2021-05-14 2021-09-03 姚永松 Biological control technology for citrus canker

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104855392A (en) * 2015-02-04 2015-08-26 东莞市瑞德丰生物科技有限公司 Nematode killing composition
CN107006515A (en) * 2017-05-22 2017-08-04 陈高念 A kind of method for reducing navel orange root nematode
WO2020183288A1 (en) * 2019-03-11 2020-09-17 Upl Limited A method of controlling citrus greening disease
CN112314622A (en) * 2020-11-02 2021-02-05 中诚国联(河南)生物科技有限公司 Application of composition containing fosthiazate and amino-oligosaccharin in prevention and treatment of root-knot nematodes
CN113331191A (en) * 2021-05-14 2021-09-03 姚永松 Biological control technology for citrus canker

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
郑获等: "氨基寡糖素复配噻唑膦对柑橘线虫的防治试验", 农业科学 *

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