CN114793529A - Method for promoting germination of vetiver tree seeds - Google Patents
Method for promoting germination of vetiver tree seeds Download PDFInfo
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- CN114793529A CN114793529A CN202210333020.5A CN202210333020A CN114793529A CN 114793529 A CN114793529 A CN 114793529A CN 202210333020 A CN202210333020 A CN 202210333020A CN 114793529 A CN114793529 A CN 114793529A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/28—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N<
- A01N47/34—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N< containing the groups, e.g. biuret; Thio analogues thereof; Urea-aldehyde condensation products
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
- A01N59/18—Mercury
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N61/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing substances of unknown or undetermined composition, e.g. substances characterised only by the mode of action
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation, and discloses a method for promoting the germination of seeds of a fragrant fruit tree, which comprises the steps of collecting wild fragrant fruit tree mature seeds before fragrant fruit tree seeds are rainy and preliminarily screening the wild fragrant fruit tree mature seeds; soaking and brushing mature seeds of the myrtle trees in clean water dripped with the mature seeds, soaking the seeds in essence, placing the seeds in a seed disinfectant for disinfection, and cleaning the seeds with sterile water; respectively carrying out overweight treatment and extremely low frequency pulse electric field treatment on mature seeds of the myrtle trees, then placing the seeds in a salicylic acid solution and a gibberellin solution for soaking treatment, mixing the seeds with wet sand in proportion, and then placing the seeds in a refrigerator for low-temperature sand storage; after being soaked by ABA and GA, the mixture is subjected to low-temperature sand storage treatment again; putting the seeds into a culture dish, adding a culture medium, dripping distilled water to control the water content of the medium, and controlling the illumination intensity, illumination time and culture temperature to carry out germination treatment on the seeds of the myrtle trees. The method can obviously improve the activity of the enzyme in the seeds of the fragrant fruit trees, and greatly improve the germination rate and the germination vigor of the seeds of the fragrant fruit trees.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation, and particularly relates to a method for promoting germination of seeds of a myrtle tree.
Background
At present, the myrtle tree (Emmenopterys henyi) is a unique single species plant in China, a survival wiggery plant in the fourth era glacier, also named as butea, jatropha macrolobata, small wax gourd, eggplant tree and the like, is a tree species in the Rubiaceae myrtle, and is an important material for researching the phylogeny, morphological evolution and Chinese plant geographical region system of the Rubiaceae. Because the existing quantity is limited, the plant is endangered to extinction and is classified as a national II-level key protection plant.
Under natural conditions, the fragrant fruit tree population presents a decline trend, and population updating through seeds is the key of seed plant population continuation. The response of the germination of the seeds of the fragrant fruit trees to environmental factors has been preliminarily studied, and the 1000lux illumination condition is considered to be beneficial to the germination of the seeds of the fragrant fruit trees by plum iron bloom and the like and Tukanglin. And the constant temperature of 20 ℃ is considered to be favorable for the germination of the seeds of the fragrant fruit trees, such as the culture of the sweet fruit trees 32835.
Although the distribution range of the fragrant fruit trees is wide, the fragrant fruit trees grow scattered mostly, and because the damaged forests are barren and are subjected to disorder cutting and excessive cutting, and the seed germination capacity of the fragrant fruit trees is low, the natural distribution is gradually reduced, plants are reduced day by day, and big trees and old trees are rare. The germination rate of the fragrant fruit trees in the field is low, and no scientific soil management mode exists in the prior art, so that the propagation of the fragrant fruit trees is restricted to a great extent.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows: the germination rate of the fragrant fruit trees in the field is low, and no scientific soil management mode exists in the prior art, so that the propagation of the fragrant fruit trees is restricted.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for promoting the germination of the seeds of the myrtle trees.
The invention is realized in such a way that a method for promoting the germination of the seeds of the vetiver trees comprises the following steps:
step one, selecting fragrant fruit tree seeds: collecting field mature seeds of the fragrant fruit trees before the seeds of the fragrant fruit trees rain and refrigerating the seeds; when the fragrant fruit tree seeds are preliminarily selected, the collected fragrant fruit tree seeds are taken out of a refrigerator, and after the fragrant fruit tree seeds are restored to room temperature and are dried in a ventilating way, mature fragrant fruit tree seeds are screened out for later use;
step two, performing disinfection treatment on the selected fragrant fruit tree seeds: soaking and brushing mature seeds of the myrtle trees in clean water dripped with the mature seeds, and then placing the seeds on a super-clean workbench for fine soaking; drying in shade and ventilated place, sterilizing in seed disinfectant, washing with sterile water, and air drying;
step three, dormancy breaking treatment of the disinfected fragrant fruit tree seeds is carried out: respectively carrying out overweight treatment and extremely low frequency pulse electric field treatment on the disinfected mature seeds of the myrtle trees, and then respectively placing the seeds in a salicylic acid solution and a gibberellin solution for soaking treatment; mixing mature seeds of the fragrant fruit trees with wet sand in proportion, and placing the mixture in a refrigerator for low-temperature sand storage; soaking with ABA and GA, and storing in sand at low temperature;
fourthly, germinating the fragrant fruit tree seeds subjected to dormancy breaking treatment: and putting the treated seeds into a culture dish, adding a culture medium, dripping distilled water to control the water content of the medium, and controlling the illumination intensity, the illumination time and the culture temperature to perform germination treatment on the seeds of the myrtle trees.
Further, the method for selecting the seeds of the myrtle tree in the step one comprises the following steps:
(1) before 10 months of the bottom of the fragrant fruit tree seeds are rainy, collecting the ripe fragrant fruit tree seeds positioned at the side of the stream, and placing the fragrant fruit tree seeds in a refrigerator for low-temperature sand storage for later use;
(2) taking out the mature seeds of the fragrant fruit trees stored in the refrigerator in low temperature sand for later use, and drying the mature seeds of the fragrant fruit trees in a cool and ventilated place after the temperature of the mature seeds of the fragrant fruit trees is restored to room temperature;
(3) and drying in a cool and ventilated place, and selecting mature seeds of the myrtle trees which have full particles, no plant diseases and insect pests and glossy surfaces for later use.
Further, the temperature for low-temperature sand storage of the mature seeds of the myrtle trees in the step (1) in a refrigerator is 3-5 ℃.
Further, the method for disinfecting the seeds of the myrtle trees in the second step comprises the following steps:
(1) soaking mature seeds of the myrtle trees obtained by preliminary screening in 3-6 drops of clean water solution with the concentration of every 100mL for 30-50 min and then brushing;
(2) cleaning the mature seeds of the myrtle trees, then washing with water for 2-4 h, placing the washed mature seeds of the myrtle trees on an ultra-clean workbench, and soaking in 75% alcohol for 30-90 s;
(3) and (3) drying the mature Xiangguo tree seeds soaked in the alcohol in a cool and ventilated place, then placing the seeds in a seed disinfectant for disinfection treatment for 10-20 min, then cleaning the seeds with sterile water for 3-6 times, and airing the seeds for later use.
Further, the seed disinfection solution in the step (3) is composed of 0.1% HgCl of Tween-40 in parts by weight 2 30-50 parts of thiophanate methyl solution, 20-40 parts of 40% trisodium sulfate solution, 15-30 parts of 0.5-1.2% potassium permanganate solution, 8-15 parts of 5-10% hydrogen peroxide solution and 6-8 parts of 0.2-1.0% Nassler colligation inducing solution.
Further, the dormancy breaking treatment method for the seeds of the myrtle trees in the third step comprises the following steps:
(1) taking out the disinfected mature seeds of the fragrant fruit trees, washing the seeds with clear water, placing the seeds on organic glass, and starting a high-speed freezing centrifugal machine for overweight treatment; after the overweight screening treatment, starting a very low frequency high voltage pulse generator to carry out very low frequency pulse electric field treatment;
(2) pouring the mature seeds of the fragrant fruit trees subjected to the ultra-low frequency pulsed electric field treatment into a culture dish, wrapping the mature seeds of the fragrant fruit trees with gauze, and soaking the seeds in 35% salicylic acid solution for 2-4 hours; after soaking, washing for 24-36 h by running water, and then treating for 1-2 days by using gibberellin with the mass fraction of 0.05%;
(3) mixing the mature seeds of the fragrant fruit trees treated in the step (2) with wet sand with the water content of 10-20% according to the ratio of 1: 4, uniformly mixing the components, putting the mixture into a cleaned container, covering the container with a preservative film with a perforated hole in advance, and placing the container in a refrigerator at 4 ℃ for low-temperature sand storage for 20-30 days;
(4) after the low-temperature sand storage treatment in the step (3), filtering and screening out sand, and naturally airing the sand in a cool and ventilated place; soaking the seeds for 20-24 hours by using 0.3% ABA and 0.4% GA, moving the seeds to a thermostatic chamber at 25 ℃ for sand storage for 20 days, soaking the seeds for 10-12 hours by using 0.5% ABA, and then sand storing the seeds for 30 days at 4 ℃.
Further, the rotating speed of the high-speed freezing centrifuge in the step (1) is 3000-3500 r/min, and the high-speed freezing centrifuge overweight treatment time is 2-4 h;
the strength of the extremely-low-frequency pulse electric field is 100-120 KV/m, the direction of the electric field is vertical to the ground and downward, the pulse frequency is 1-2 Hz, the pulse width is 80-100 ms, the treatment is carried out for 5-10 h every day, and the treatment lasts for 3-5 days.
Further, the germination treatment method of the seeds of the myrtle in the fourth step comprises the following steps:
(1) putting the treated seeds into a culture dish, paving double-layer filter paper on the bottom layer of the culture dish, and paving a culture dish consisting of soil, sand and wheat bran according to the weight ratio of 1: 2: 3 in a certain proportion;
(2) placing the culture dish at the temperature of 25-27 ℃ for germination treatment of the seeds of the myrtle trees, wherein the filter paper is replaced for 1 time every 2-4 days, and the culture dish is replaced for 1 time every 5-6 days;
(3) dripping distilled water in the germination process of the seeds of the myrtle trees, and keeping the water content of the matrix at 35-45%; and controlling the illumination intensity, illumination time and culture temperature, culturing for 15-20 days, and germinating the seeds to generate seedlings.
Further, the illumination intensity in the step (3) is 1200-1400 LX, the illumination time is 10-12 hours/day, and the culture temperature is 23-25 ℃.
Further, after the seeds of the myrtle tree in the fourth step germinate, the method further comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a mountainous area, a dam area or a courtyard with the altitude of 100-2500 m and the air temperature of 5-35 ℃ as a cultivation environment, and selecting breathable and pine-acid leaf mold as a growth environment of the seedlings of the myrtle trees;
(2) adjusting the pH value of the soil to 7.0-8.2, and mixing sulfur powder, grass peat, pine needles and manure according to the ratio of 1: 1: 2: 3, mixing and sieving the mixture according to the mass ratio, and uniformly mixing the sieved mixture with fine soil with 4-8 times of volume;
(3) transplanting seedlings of the fragrant fruit trees, covering soil, wherein the covering is uniformly covered on a bed surface, the width of the covering is 1.0-1.2 m, the thickness of the covering is 5-15 cm, and after planting, a herbicide is used for killing weeds and a black mulching film is covered;
(4) and after film covering, controlling the temperature to be 25-28 ℃, keeping the relative humidity to be 65-75%, and culturing for 20-25 days to obtain 15-25 cm seedlings of the fragrant fruit trees.
In combination with the technical solutions and the technical problems to be solved, please analyze the advantages and positive effects of the technical solutions to be protected in the present invention from the following aspects:
first, aiming at the technical problems existing in the prior art and the difficulty in solving the problems, the technical problems to be solved by the technical scheme of the present invention are closely combined with results, data and the like in the research and development process, and some creative technical effects are brought after the problems are solved. The specific description is as follows:
according to the method for promoting the germination of the seeds of the fragrant fruit tree, the salicylic acid solution and the gibberellin solution are used for soaking, so that the barrier effect of seed coats can be eliminated, the fragrant fruit tree seeds can fully absorb moisture, the seeds can be helped to rapidly release dormancy, and the rapid germination of the fragrant fruit tree seeds can be promoted; meanwhile, the reasonable culture medium is adopted in the seedlings transplantation of the fragrant fruit trees, so that the soil fertility is improved, the activation capability of meristematic tissue is enhanced, and the growth of the fragrant fruit trees is promoted to be more vigorous and active.
Secondly, considering the technical scheme as a whole or from the perspective of products, the technical effect and advantages of the technical scheme to be protected by the invention are specifically described as follows:
the method for promoting the germination of the seeds of the fragrant fruit tree can obviously improve the activity of enzymes in the seeds of the fragrant fruit tree, greatly improve the germination rate and the germination vigor of the seeds of the fragrant fruit tree, promote the metabolism to be accelerated, improve the root quality of seedlings of the fragrant fruit tree at the later stage and improve the survival rate of the seedlings of the fragrant fruit tree.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for promoting the germination of seeds of a vetiver tree according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for selecting seeds of a fragrant fruit tree according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of a disinfection treatment method for the fragrant fruit tree seeds provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for promoting the germination of the seeds of the myrtle trees, and the invention is described in detail with reference to the attached drawings.
First, an embodiment is explained. This section is an explanatory embodiment expanding on the claims so as to fully understand how the present invention is embodied by those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for promoting germination of the seeds of the myrtle tree provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
s101, selecting the seeds of the fragrant fruit tree: collecting wild fragrant fruit tree mature seeds before the fragrant fruit tree seeds rain and refrigerating the seeds; when the fragrant fruit tree seeds are preliminarily selected, the collected fragrant fruit tree seeds are taken out of a refrigerator, and after the fragrant fruit tree seeds are restored to room temperature and are dried in a ventilating way, mature fragrant fruit tree seeds are screened out for later use;
s102, performing disinfection treatment on the selected myrtle seeds: soaking and brushing mature seeds of the myrtle trees in clean water dripped with the seeds, and then placing the seeds on a super clean workbench for fine soaking; drying in shade and ventilated place, sterilizing in seed disinfectant, washing with sterile water, and air drying;
s103, dormancy breaking treatment of the disinfected myrtle seeds: respectively carrying out overweight treatment and extremely low frequency pulse electric field treatment on the disinfected mature seeds of the myrtle trees, and then respectively placing the seeds in a salicylic acid solution and a gibberellin solution for soaking treatment; mixing mature seeds of the fragrant fruit trees with wet sand in proportion, and placing the mixture in a refrigerator for low-temperature sand storage; soaking with ABA and GA, and storing in sand at low temperature;
s104, germinating the fragrant fruit tree seeds subjected to dormancy breaking treatment: and putting the treated seeds into a culture dish, adding a culture medium, dripping distilled water to control the water content of the medium, and controlling the illumination intensity, the illumination time and the culture temperature to perform germination treatment on the seeds of the myrtle trees.
As shown in fig. 2, the method for selecting the seeds of the myrtle tree in step S101 provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes:
s201, before 10 months of bottom-of-day fragrant fruit tree seeds rain, collecting fragrant fruit tree mature seeds positioned at the side of a stream, and placing the fragrant fruit tree mature seeds in a refrigerator for low-temperature sand storage for later use;
s202, taking out the mature seeds of the fragrant fruit trees stored in the refrigerator in low temperature sand for later use, and drying the mature seeds of the fragrant fruit trees in a cool and ventilated place after the temperature of the mature seeds of the fragrant fruit trees is restored to room temperature;
s203, placing the seeds in a cool and ventilated place for drying, and selecting mature seeds of the fragrant fruit trees which are full in particles, free of plant diseases and insect pests and glossy in surface for later use.
The temperature for low-temperature sand storage of the mature seeds of the myrtle trees in the step S201 in the refrigerator is 3-5 ℃.
As shown in fig. 3, the method for disinfecting the seeds of the myrtle tree in step S102 provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes:
s301, soaking mature seeds of the myrtle trees obtained through preliminary screening in 3-6 drops of clean water solution with the concentration of 100mL for 30-50 min, and then brushing;
s302, cleaning the mature seeds of the myrtle trees, washing with water for 2-4 hours, placing the washed mature seeds of the myrtle trees on an ultra-clean workbench, and soaking in 75% alcohol for 30-90S;
s303, placing the mature Xiangguo tree seeds soaked in the alcohol in a cool and ventilated place for drying, placing the mature Xiangguo tree seeds in a seed disinfectant for disinfection treatment for 10-20 min, then cleaning with sterile water for 3-6 times, and airing for later use.
The seed disinfectant in the step S303 provided by the embodiment of the invention is calculated according to the parts by weightFrom Tween-40 of 0.1% HgCl 2 30-50 parts of thiophanate methyl solution, 20-40 parts of 40% trisodium sulfate solution, 15-30 parts of 0.5-1.2% potassium permanganate solution, 8-15 parts of 5-10% hydrogen peroxide solution and 6-8 parts of 0.2-1.0% Nassler colligation inducing solution.
The dormancy breaking treatment method for the fragrant fruit tree seeds in the step S103 provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) taking out the disinfected mature seeds of the fragrant fruit trees, washing the seeds with clear water, placing the seeds on organic glass, and starting a high-speed freezing centrifugal machine for overweight treatment; after the overweight screening treatment, starting a very low frequency high voltage pulse generator to carry out very low frequency pulse electric field treatment;
(2) pouring the mature seeds of the fragrant fruit trees subjected to the ultra-low frequency pulsed electric field treatment into a culture dish, wrapping the mature seeds of the fragrant fruit trees with gauze, and soaking the seeds in 35% salicylic acid solution for 2-4 hours; after soaking, washing for 24-36 h by running water, and then treating for 1-2 days by using gibberellin with the mass fraction of 0.05%;
(3) mixing the mature seeds of the fragrant fruit trees treated in the step (2) with wet sand with the water content of 10-20% according to the ratio of 1: 4, uniformly mixing the components, putting the mixture into a cleaned container, covering the container with a preservative film with a perforated hole in advance, and placing the container in a refrigerator at 4 ℃ for low-temperature sand storage for 20-30 days;
(4) after the low-temperature sand storage treatment in the step (3), filtering and screening out sand, and naturally airing the sand in a cool and ventilated place; soaking the seeds for 20-24 hours by using 0.3% ABA and 0.4% GA, moving the seeds to a thermostatic chamber at 25 ℃ for sand storage for 20 days, soaking the seeds for 10-12 hours by using 0.5% ABA, and then sand storing the seeds for 30 days at 4 ℃.
The rotating speed of the high-speed freezing centrifuge in the step (1) provided by the embodiment of the invention is 3000-3500 r/min, and the high-speed freezing centrifuge overweight treatment time is 2-4 h;
the strength of the extremely-low-frequency pulse electric field is 100-120 KV/m, the direction of the electric field is vertical to the ground and downward, the pulse frequency is 1-2 Hz, the pulse width is 80-100 ms, the treatment is carried out for 5-10 h every day, and the treatment lasts for 3-5 days.
The method for germinating the vetiver tree seeds in the step S104 provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) putting the treated seeds into a culture dish, paving double-layer filter paper on the bottom layer of the culture dish, and paving a culture dish consisting of soil, sand and wheat bran according to the weight ratio of 1: 2: 3 in a certain proportion;
(2) placing the culture dish at the temperature of 25-27 ℃ for germination treatment of the seeds of the myrtle trees, wherein the filter paper is replaced for 1 time every 2-4 days, and the culture dish is replaced for 1 time every 5-6 days;
(3) dripping distilled water in the germination process of the seeds of the myrtle trees, and keeping the water content of the matrix at 35-45%; and controlling the illumination intensity, illumination time and culture temperature, culturing for 15-20 days, and germinating the seeds to generate seedlings.
The illumination intensity in the step (3) provided by the embodiment of the invention is 1200-1400 LX, the illumination time is 10-12 hours/day, and the culture temperature is 23-25 ℃.
And II, application embodiment. In order to prove the creativity and the technical value of the technical scheme of the invention, the part is an application example of the technical scheme of the claims to a specific product or related technology.
The application embodiment of the invention provides application of a method for promoting germination of seeds of a myrtle tree in cultivation of the myrtle tree, and the method for cultivating the myrtle tree comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a mountainous area, a dam area or a courtyard with the altitude of 100-2500 m and the air temperature of 5-35 ℃ as a cultivation environment, and selecting breathable and pine-acid leaf mold as a growth environment of the seedlings of the myrtle trees;
(2) adjusting the pH value of the soil to 7.0-8.2, and mixing sulfur powder, grass peat, pine needles and manure according to the ratio of 1: 1: 2: 3, mixing and sieving the mixture according to the mass ratio, and uniformly mixing the sieved mixture with fine soil with 4-8 times of volume;
(3) transplanting seedlings of the fragrant fruit trees, covering soil, wherein the covering is uniformly covered on a bed surface, the width of the covering is 1.0-1.2 m, the thickness of the covering is 5-15 cm, and after planting, a herbicide is used for killing weeds and a black mulching film is covered;
(4) and after film covering, controlling the temperature to be 25-28 ℃, keeping the relative humidity to be 65-75%, and culturing for 20-25 days to obtain 15-25 cm seedlings of the fragrant fruit trees.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and the appended claims are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents and improvements that are within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for promoting the germination of the seeds of the vetiveria tree is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, selecting fragrant fruit tree seeds: collecting field mature seeds of the fragrant fruit trees before the seeds of the fragrant fruit trees rain and refrigerating the seeds; when the fragrant fruit tree seeds are preliminarily selected, the collected fragrant fruit tree seeds are taken out of a refrigerator, and after the fragrant fruit tree seeds are restored to room temperature and are dried in a ventilating way, mature fragrant fruit tree seeds are screened out for later use;
step two, performing disinfection treatment on the selected fragrant fruit tree seeds: soaking and brushing mature seeds of the myrtle trees in clean water dripped with the mature seeds, and then placing the seeds on a super-clean workbench for fine soaking; drying in shade and ventilated place, sterilizing in seed disinfectant, washing with sterile water, and air drying;
step three, dormancy breaking treatment of the disinfected fragrant fruit tree seeds is carried out: respectively carrying out overweight treatment and extremely low frequency pulse electric field treatment on the disinfected mature seeds of the myrtle trees, and then respectively placing the seeds in a salicylic acid solution and a gibberellin solution for soaking treatment; mixing mature seeds of the fragrant fruit trees with wet sand in proportion, and placing the mixture in a refrigerator for low-temperature sand storage; soaking with ABA and GA, and storing in sand at low temperature;
fourthly, germinating the fragrant fruit tree seeds subjected to dormancy breaking treatment: and putting the treated seeds into a culture dish, adding a culture medium, dripping distilled water to control the water content of the medium, and controlling the illumination intensity, the illumination time and the culture temperature to perform germination treatment on the seeds of the myrtle trees.
2. The method for promoting the germination of the seeds of the myrtle tree as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method for selecting the seeds of the myrtle tree in the first step comprises:
(1) before 10 months of the bottom of the fragrant fruit tree seeds are rainy, collecting the ripe fragrant fruit tree seeds positioned at the side of the stream, and placing the fragrant fruit tree seeds in a refrigerator for low-temperature sand storage for later use;
(2) taking out the mature seeds of the fragrant fruit trees stored in the refrigerator in low temperature sand for later use, and drying the mature seeds of the fragrant fruit trees in a cool and ventilated place after the temperature of the mature seeds of the fragrant fruit trees is restored to room temperature;
(3) and drying in a cool and ventilated place, and selecting mature seeds of the myrtle trees which have full particles, no plant diseases and insect pests and glossy surfaces for later use.
3. The method for promoting germination of seeds of myrtle trees as claimed in claim 2, wherein the mature seeds of myrtle trees in the step (1) are subjected to low-temperature sand storage in a refrigerator at a temperature of 3-5 ℃.
4. The method for promoting the germination of the seeds of the myrtle tree as claimed in claim 1, wherein the disinfection treatment method of the seeds of the myrtle tree in the second step comprises the following steps:
(1) soaking mature seeds of the myrtle trees obtained by preliminary screening in 3-6 drops of clean water solution with the concentration of every 100mL for 30-50 min and then brushing;
(2) cleaning the mature seeds of the myrtle trees, then washing with water for 2-4 h, placing the washed mature seeds of the myrtle trees on an ultra-clean workbench, and soaking in 75% alcohol for 30-90 s;
(3) and (3) drying the mature Xiangguo tree seeds soaked in the alcohol in a cool and ventilated place, then placing the seeds in a seed disinfectant for disinfection treatment for 10-20 min, then cleaning the seeds with sterile water for 3-6 times, and airing the seeds for later use.
5. The method for promoting the germination of the seeds of the myrtle trees as claimed in claim 4, wherein the seed disinfection solution in the step (3) is composed of 0.1% HgCl of Tween-40 in parts by mass 2 30 to 50 parts of thiophanate methyl solution, 20 to 40 parts of thiophanate methyl solution, 15 to 30 parts of 40 percent trisodium sulfate solution and 0.5 to 1.2 percent potassium permanganate solution10-20 parts of liquid, 8-15 parts of 5-10% hydrogen peroxide solution and 6-8 parts of 0.2-1.0% of a Nashin-Zehnder cascade inducer.
6. The method for promoting the germination of the seeds of the myrtle tree as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dormancy breaking treatment method of the seeds of the myrtle tree in the third step comprises the following steps:
(1) taking out the disinfected mature seeds of the fragrant fruit trees, washing the seeds with clear water, placing the seeds on organic glass, and starting a high-speed freezing centrifugal machine for overweight treatment; after the overweight screening treatment, starting a very low frequency high voltage pulse generator to carry out very low frequency pulse electric field treatment;
(2) pouring the mature seeds of the fragrant fruit trees subjected to the ultra-low frequency pulsed electric field treatment into a culture dish, wrapping the mature seeds of the fragrant fruit trees with gauze, and soaking the seeds in 35% salicylic acid solution for 2-4 hours; after soaking, washing for 24-36 h by running water, and then treating for 1-2 days by using gibberellin with the mass fraction of 0.05%;
(3) mixing the mature seeds of the fragrant fruit trees treated in the step (2) with wet sand with the water content of 10-20% according to the ratio of 1: 4, uniformly mixing the components, putting the mixture into a cleaned container, covering the container with a preservative film with a perforated hole in advance, and placing the container in a refrigerator at 4 ℃ for low-temperature sand storage for 20-30 days;
(4) after the low-temperature sand storage treatment in the step (3), filtering and screening out sand, and naturally airing the sand in a cool and ventilated place; soaking the seeds for 20-24 hours by using 0.3% ABA and 0.4% GA, moving the seeds to a thermostatic chamber at 25 ℃ for sand storage for 20 days, soaking the seeds for 10-12 hours by using 0.5% ABA, and then sand storing the seeds for 30 days at 4 ℃.
7. The method for promoting the germination of the seeds of the myrtle trees as claimed in claim 6, wherein the rotation speed of the high-speed freezing centrifuge in the step (1) is 3000-3500 r/min, and the high-speed freezing centrifuge overweight treatment time is 2-4 h;
the strength of the extremely-low-frequency pulse electric field is 100-120 KV/m, the direction of the electric field is vertical to the ground and downward, the pulse frequency is 1-2 Hz, the pulse width is 80-100 ms, the treatment is carried out for 5-10 h every day, and the treatment lasts for 3-5 days.
8. The method for promoting the germination of the seeds of the myrtle tree in the fourth step, which is described in claim 1, wherein the method for treating the germination of the seeds of the myrtle tree in the fourth step comprises the following steps:
(1) putting the treated seeds into a culture dish, paving double-layer filter paper on the bottom layer of the culture dish, and paving a culture dish consisting of soil, sand and wheat bran according to the weight ratio of 1: 2: 3 in a certain proportion;
(2) placing the culture dish at the temperature of 25-27 ℃ for germination treatment of the seeds of the myrtle trees, wherein the filter paper is replaced for 1 time every 2-4 days, and the culture dish is replaced for 1 time every 5-6 days;
(3) dripping distilled water in the germination process of the seeds of the myrtle trees, and keeping the water content of the matrix at 35-45%; and controlling the illumination intensity, illumination time and culture temperature, culturing for 15-20 days, and germinating the seeds to generate seedlings.
9. The method for promoting germination of seeds of a myrtle tree according to claim 8, wherein the illumination intensity in the step (3) is 1200-1400 LX, the illumination time is 10-12 hours/day, and the culture temperature is 23-25 ℃.
10. The method for promoting the germination of the seeds of the myrtle tree in the fourth step, which is described in claim 1, further comprises the following steps of:
(1) selecting a mountainous area, a dam area or a courtyard with the altitude of 100-2500 m and the air temperature of 5-35 ℃ as a cultivation environment, and selecting breathable and pine-acid leaf mold as a growth environment of the seedlings of the myrtle trees;
(2) adjusting the pH value of the soil to 7.0-8.2, and mixing sulfur powder, grass peat, pine needles and manure according to the ratio of 1: 1: 2: 3, mixing and sieving the mixture according to the mass ratio, and uniformly mixing the sieved mixture with fine soil with 4-8 times of volume;
(3) transplanting seedlings of the fragrant fruit trees, covering soil, wherein the covering is uniformly covered on a bed surface, the width of the covering is 1.0-1.2 m, the thickness of the covering is 5-15 cm, and after planting, a herbicide is used for killing weeds and a black mulching film is covered;
(4) and after film covering, controlling the temperature to be 25-28 ℃, keeping the relative humidity to be 65-75%, and culturing for 20-25 days to obtain 15-25 cm seedlings of the fragrant fruit trees.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103460921A (en) * | 2013-08-16 | 2013-12-25 | 苏州仁成生物科技有限公司 | Emmenopterys henryi pollution-free planting method |
| CN105993775A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-10-12 | 溧阳市林业工作站 | Culture method of Emmenopterys henryi |
| CN108243658A (en) * | 2018-03-05 | 2018-07-06 | 上饶师范学院 | A kind of method that Emmenopterys henryi seed is promoted to sprout |
| CN111990010A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2020-11-27 | 甘肃省小陇山林业实验局林业科学研究所 | Method for promoting seed germination of cercidiphyllum japonicum and improving seed germination rate |
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- 2022-03-31 CN CN202210333020.5A patent/CN114793529A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103460921A (en) * | 2013-08-16 | 2013-12-25 | 苏州仁成生物科技有限公司 | Emmenopterys henryi pollution-free planting method |
| CN105993775A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-10-12 | 溧阳市林业工作站 | Culture method of Emmenopterys henryi |
| CN108243658A (en) * | 2018-03-05 | 2018-07-06 | 上饶师范学院 | A kind of method that Emmenopterys henryi seed is promoted to sprout |
| CN111990010A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2020-11-27 | 甘肃省小陇山林业实验局林业科学研究所 | Method for promoting seed germination of cercidiphyllum japonicum and improving seed germination rate |
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