CN114775919A - Pressure relief type waterproof technology - Google Patents
Pressure relief type waterproof technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN114775919A CN114775919A CN202210510974.9A CN202210510974A CN114775919A CN 114775919 A CN114775919 A CN 114775919A CN 202210510974 A CN202210510974 A CN 202210510974A CN 114775919 A CN114775919 A CN 114775919A
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- Prior art keywords
- waterproof
- pressure relief
- interface
- drainage
- channel
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/16—Sealings or joints
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
- E01F5/00—Draining the sub-base, i.e. subgrade or ground-work, e.g. embankment of roads or of the ballastway of railways or draining-off road surface or ballastway drainage by trenches, culverts, or conduits or other specially adapted means
- E01F5/005—Culverts ; Head-structures for culverts, or for drainage-conduit outlets in slopes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/02—Stream regulation, e.g. breaking up subaqueous rock, cleaning the beds of waterways, directing the water flow
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
- E02B8/06—Spillways; Devices for dissipation of energy, e.g. for reducing eddies also for lock or dry-dock gates
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
- E02D15/02—Handling of bulk concrete specially for foundation or hydraulic engineering purposes
Abstract
The invention discloses a pressure relief type waterproof technology, wherein a waterproof measure is arranged at a waterproof material interface which is spliced with each other to serve as a waterproof interface, the waterproof measure is a structure or a material for performing waterproof treatment on the interface, a channel with a downward opening or a water through hole at the bottom and a water through hole at the side surface is arranged at the water inlet side of the waterproof interface below a sealing material to serve as a pressure relief channel, so that a leakage water flow permeating into the waterproof interface area below the sealing material can enter the pressure relief channel at any time, the pressure relief channel drains or freely drains or guides the leakage water flow permeating into the waterproof interface to a drainage system, the pressure of the leakage water flow in the leakage channel is relieved, the seepage force or the power of the leakage water flow permeating into the waterproof material interface is reduced, and the leakage water flow is difficult to enter the water inlet side of the waterproof interface provided with the waterproof measure. Compared with the prior art, the pressure relief type waterproof technology provided by the invention has the advantages of low construction difficulty, low cost and longer service life.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to a waterproof engineering, in particular to a waterproof system for realizing a waterproof effect by utilizing a pressure relief type waterproof accessory.
Background
The flat top structure of the common house is realized by strictly preventing rainwater leakage for a long time, the waterproof structure has higher requirements on construction sites, processes and weather, and the waterproof structure is not aging-resistant, so that the waterproof life is not long, repeated maintenance is required, resources are wasted, and an ideal waterproof effect cannot be achieved. The waste material of this kind of waterproof construction is retrieved the difficulty, neither saves resources but causes the serious pollution to the environment again.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of short waterproof life, difficult construction and the like in the prior waterproof technology, the invention provides a waterproof system for realizing a waterproof effect by using a pressure relief type waterproof accessory.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a pressure relief type waterproof technology is characterized in that waterproof measures are arranged at a waterproof material interface which is spliced with each other to serve as a waterproof interface, the waterproof measures are structures or materials for carrying out waterproof treatment on the interface, a drainage channel with a downward opening, or a drainage channel with a water through hole at the bottom or on the side wall, or a drainage channel with a water through hole at the bottom and on the side wall is arranged at the water inlet side of the waterproof interface under a sealing material to serve as a pressure relief channel, namely, a plurality of holes or pores are formed in the bottom or on the side wall of the pressure relief channel to be communicated with a space or a leakage channel outside the pressure relief channel, so that leakage water permeating into a waterproof interface area under the sealing material can enter the pressure relief channel at any time, the pressure relief channel drains or freely discharges or guides the leakage water permeating into the waterproof interface to a drainage system, the pressure of the leakage water in the leakage channel is relieved, and the seepage force or power of the leakage water permeating into the waterproof material interface is reduced, the leakage water flow is difficult to enter the waterproof material interface provided with the waterproof measure.
Preferably, the pressure relief type waterproof technology comprises at least two waterproof materials which are spliced with each other, a waterproof measure is arranged at a joint of the waterproof materials, the waterproof measure is a structure or a material for performing waterproof treatment on the joint, and a pressure relief channel is arranged on the water inlet side of the waterproof measure arranged at the joint of the waterproof materials and used for guiding water permeating into the joint of the waterproof materials to a drainage system.
Preferably, the pressure relief channel is communicated with the drainage system or extends out of a channel of a sealing area or a boundary of the sealing covering material above, so that leakage water flow at the waterproof material interface can be freely discharged, and the leakage water flow permeating into the waterproof material interface and the pressure relief channel is discharged out of the waterproof interface.
Preferably, when the pressure relief channel is a culvert with a downward opening, two sides of the pressure relief channel are respectively arranged at two sides of the waterproof interface, and when the pressure relief channel is a leakage pipeline with a flat bottom, the flat bottom completely covers the waterproof interface, so that the waterproof interface is positioned at two sides of the pressure relief channel or below the flat bottom.
Preferably, the pressure relief channel comprises a drainage culvert or a cavity or a roadway which is arranged at the joint of the waterproof material and can freely discharge leaked water flow; the drainage culvert comprises an arc pipeline with a downward opening, or a U-shaped or V-shaped cover or a multi-shaped cover, or a through leakage pipeline with a water through hole at the bottom, or a through leakage pipeline with a smooth bottom and water through holes at the bottom and the side surfaces, or a culvert formed by upwards protruding at the joint of waterproof materials; the pressure relief channel also comprises more than two non-wetting strips or belts which are longitudinally arranged in parallel at intervals in two closely-attached non-wetting surface interfaces at the waterproof material interface to form more than one independent hollow hole, culvert or roadway; the pressure relief channel also comprises a combination of a hydrophilic drainage strip and a drainage culvert, a cavity or a roadway, wherein the combination comprises the hydrophilic drainage strip arranged in the drainage culvert, the cavity or the roadway; the pressure relief channel also comprises a hydrophilic drainage strip which is not compacted by a covering object or a hydrophilic drainage strip below the sealing material or a hydrophilic drainage strip covered with a waterproof membrane above.
Preferably, the pressure relief channel has a plurality or larger longitudinal hydrophilic drainage pores, meshes or channels; or a hard object is arranged in the hydrophilic drainage strip, or a shell with better hardness is wrapped outside the hydrophilic drainage strip, or the hydrophilic drainage strip with better hardness and more hydrophilic pores or drainage channels is directly used, so that the hydrophilic drainage strip can not be compacted by a covering to keep the drainage channels smooth.
Preferably, more than two pressure relief channels which are parallel or overlapped, do not contact with each other or do not interfere with each other are arranged. Or pressure relief channels are respectively arranged at the water inlets of the interfaces of the two waterproof materials; or a pressure relief channel is arranged at the joint of the two waterproof materials.
Preferably, the hydrophilic drainage strips are lapped and the interfaces are separated by a waterproof membrane, so that the leakage water flow can only flow in one direction.
Preferably, the waterproof means includes a structure or material capable of sealing the interface of the waterproof material and having waterproof properties.
Preferably, the waterproof material includes a functional material or a prefabricated member having a waterproof property by itself.
Preferably, the waterproof measure is a non-wetting surface mutually attached at the interface of the two waterproof materials; or a non-wetting member or substance that can be brought into close contact with the non-wetting surface of the waterproof material; or a diversion strip which is arranged between the two attached non-wetting surfaces and extends into the drainage system or the interface; or a roll-folding bag formed by splicing and rolling the side edges of the non-wetting surfaces of the two waterproof materials.
Preferably, the pressure relief channel has a suitable slope; or the position of the water outlet side of the waterproof interface is not lower than the position of the water inlet side; or the free discharge flow rate of the water flow is greater than that of the outside or the water flow penetrates into the pressure relief channel compared with the upper leakage water flow, so that the leakage water flow can be discharged in a free flowing manner or can be discharged quickly under the drainage of the hydrophilic drainage strip, and the leakage water flow is prevented from accumulating in the pressure relief channel to generate pressure to influence the waterproof effect.
Preferably, a non-infiltration surface is arranged between the waterproof material and the pressure relief channel, so that the affinity of the leakage water flow and the interface is reduced, and the leakage water flow is discharged more quickly or is absorbed by the hydrophilic drainage strip and drained; the non-wetting surface comprises: the contact part of the waterproof material interface and the pressure relief channel or the wider surface is a hydrophobic surface; the non-infiltration bottom surface of the drainage culvert is tightly attached to the non-infiltration surface at the interface of the waterproof material to form a non-infiltration plugging interface; and a flexible non-infiltration sheet or a non-infiltration block is arranged between the non-infiltration plugging interfaces.
Preferably, the pressure relief type waterproof technology is characterized in that more than one pressure relief channel is independent and does not interfere with each other, and independent and effective pressure relief type waterproof areas are used for jointly completing the pressure relief type waterproof task.
Preferably, the pressure relief channel is an arc-shaped pipeline, a U-shaped or V-shaped cover or a cover with a downward opening, or a leaking pipeline with a water through hole at the bottom, or a leaking pipeline with a flat bottom and water through holes at the bottom and side surfaces, or a hydrophilic drainage strip with a waterproof membrane covered on the upper part, or a combination of a hydrophilic drainage strip installed in an arc-shaped pipeline, a U-shaped or V-shaped cover or a cover with a downward opening, or a leaking pipeline with water through holes at the bottom, or a leaking pipeline with a flat bottom and water through holes at the bottom and side surfaces.
The beneficial effects of the invention are:
1. the method solves the technical difficulty of the existing waterproof engineering, and greatly reduces the engineering construction difficulty and the production cost.
2. It has no high requirements for construction site, process and weather, long waterproof period, no harmful matter produced during construction and environment friendship.
3. It can be produced from standardized profiles or prefabricated parts from existing materials.
4. Is suitable for various projects needing waterproof treatment.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an installation structure of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an installation structure of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an installation structure of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a culvert according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an installation structure of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an installation structure of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an installation structure of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of an installation of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of an installation of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the installation of the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of an installation of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the structure of the installation of the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of an installation of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of an installation of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic structural view of an installation of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a schematic structural view of an installation of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 17 is a schematic structural view of the installation of the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without making any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present application.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly disposed on the other element; when an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.
It will be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like, refer to an orientation or positional relationship illustrated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present application and to simplify description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or to implicitly indicate the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present application, the meaning of a plurality of or a plurality of is two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
It should be understood that the structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the drawings are only used for matching the disclosure of the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the practical limit conditions of the present application, so that the modifications of the structures, the changes of the ratio relationships, or the adjustment of the sizes, do not have the technical essence, and the modifications, the changes of the ratio relationships, or the adjustment of the sizes, are all within the scope of the technical contents disclosed in the present application without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present application.
Example 1: as shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a pressure relief type waterproof technology, in which the periphery of a waterproof board [1] having a good self-waterproof performance or a backside surface having a drainage task side shown in fig. 1 is processed into a non-wetting surface or is provided with a continuous non-wetting surface, the width of the non-wetting surface is preferably larger than the width of a non-wetting gasket [2] on the surface contacting with the waterproof board [1], so as to prevent leakage water from flowing to the center of the backside surface of the waterproof board [1] to be wetted or flowing, and more surfaces of the waterproof board can also be processed into the non-wetting surface; laying a non-wetting gasket [2] with a proper width on a plane or a support, installing a waterproof board [1] on the non-wetting gasket [2] and placing the edge of the waterproof board [1] at the middle position of the non-wetting gasket [2] to ensure that the non-wetting surface between the waterproof board [1] and the non-wetting gasket [2] is in close contact; in order to ensure that the non-wetting surfaces are in close contact better, a soft and easily-deformed cushion layer can be arranged below the non-wetting gasket [2], and a soft and easily-deformed non-wetting cushion layer can also be arranged between the two non-wetting surfaces; in order to improve the waterproof effect, a hydrophilic diversion strip [4] can be arranged or placed at the water outlet side of the interface of the closely contacted non-wetting surfaces and extends into a drainage system to be used as a seepage water flow diversion piece, and a proper waterproof accessory can be arranged between the two non-wetting surfaces; the hydrophilic drainage strips [3] are arranged or placed at the water inlet side of a non-wetting surface interface which is tightly contacted with a non-wetting gasket [2] of the waterproof board [1] and extend into a drainage system to serve as a pressure relief channel, the hydrophilic drainage strips [3] are suitable for having numerous or larger longitudinal hydrophilic drainage pores, meshes or channels, adjacent hydrophilic drainage strips [3] can be directly connected with each other, or the shorter hydrophilic drainage strips [3] can be lapped on the longer hydrophilic drainage strips [3] and are properly separated by a waterproof membrane, so that the leaked water flow can only flow in one direction, the water flow is prevented from being randomly wetted and flowing, and the waterproof effect is improved; and then the interfaces of the waterproof boards [1] and the hydrophilic drainage strips [3] are sealed by proper sealing materials [11] (such as concrete) or the upper surfaces of the waterproof boards [1] are covered by proper sealing materials [11 ].
When water current leaks from the interface of the waterproof board [1] to the non-wetting surface water inlet side of the waterproof board [1] in close contact with the non-wetting gasket [2], the water current is firstly absorbed by the hydrophilic drainage strip [3] and drained to a drainage system, so that the water column or water pressure of the water current cannot be formed on the non-wetting surface water inlet side in close contact, the seepage force or power of the water current permeating into the non-wetting surface water inlet side in close contact is reduced, the water current is difficult to enter the non-wetting surface water inlet side in close contact, and a waterproof task is completed. When a small amount of water flow leaks, the guide strips [4] can guide the leaked water flow to the drainage system.
Example 2: with reference to fig. 8, the peripheral side surfaces of the waterproof board [1] with good self-waterproof performance shown in fig. 1 are processed into non-wetting surfaces or provided with continuous non-wetting surfaces, a non-wetting part [9] (or other suitable non-wetting waterproof fittings) with a proper width and thickness is tightly installed between the non-wetting surfaces of the peripheral side surfaces of the waterproof boards [1], a hydrophilic drainage strip [3] is installed or placed on the upper surface of a non-wetting surface interface of the waterproof board [1] and the non-wetting part [9] in tight contact and extends into a drainage system to serve as a pressure relief channel, and then the interface of each waterproof board [1] and the hydrophilic drainage strip [3] is sealed or a proper sealing material [11] is covered on the upper surfaces of the waterproof board [1] and the hydrophilic drainage strip [3 ].
Similarly, the periphery of the upper surface of the waterproof board [1] can be processed into a non-wetting surface, the width of the non-wetting surface is larger than the width of the non-wetting gasket [2] contacting the waterproof board [1], the non-wetting gasket [2] with proper width is changed into a non-wetting cover plate to cover and cling to the interface of each waterproof board [1], a hydrophilic drainage strip [3] is arranged or placed on the water inlet side of the interface of the non-wetting surface of the waterproof board [1] closely contacting the non-wetting cover plate and stretches into a drainage system to serve as a pressure relief channel, and then the upper surface of each waterproof board [1] is covered with proper sealing material [11 ].
In this embodiment, the pressure relief channel at the interface of the non-wetting surface and the wider surface at the water inlet side can be processed into the non-wetting surface, so as to reduce the affinity between the leakage water flow and the interface, and enable the leakage water flow to be more quickly and thoroughly adsorbed to the hydrophilic drainage strip [3] and drained.
Furthermore, only the periphery of the waterproof board [1] or the side surface with the side edge of the drainage task can be processed into a non-wetting surface or a continuous non-wetting surface is arranged, and the side surfaces of the non-wetting surface of the waterproof board [1] are tightly attached together during installation; in order to make the non-wetting surfaces contact closely better, a soft and easily-deformed non-wetting cushion layer can be arranged between the two non-wetting surface side surfaces; a hydrophilic drainage strip (3) is arranged or placed above a non-wetting surface interface (namely the side of a water inlet) of the waterproof board (1) which is in close contact with the non-wetting gasket (2) and extends into a drainage system to serve as a pressure relief channel, and then the interface of each waterproof board (1) is sealed or the upper surface of each waterproof board (1) is covered with a proper sealing material (11).
Example 3: with reference to fig. 2, on the basis of the above embodiment, a whole length of waterproof material [5] with width or length similar to or slightly longer than that of the surface to be waterproofed is laid on the waterproof surface, and the waterproof material [5] is preferably soft and easy to deform; the two waterproof materials [5] are mutually lapped and tightly attached together, the mutually lapped parts of the waterproof materials [5] are processed into non-wetting surfaces, or more surfaces of the waterproof materials [5] are processed into non-wetting surfaces, hydrophilic drainage strips [3] are arranged or placed at the water inlet side of the interface of the non-wetting surfaces which are tightly contacted with the two waterproof materials [5] and extend into a drainage system to be used as pressure relief channels, and then the interfaces of the waterproof materials [5] are properly fixed or sealed, or the upper surfaces of the waterproof materials [5] are covered with proper sealing materials [11] for protection and fixation.
A soft and easily-deformed cushion layer can be arranged below the interface of the waterproof material [5] or a soft and easily-deformed non-wetting cushion layer is arranged between two non-wetting surfaces; hydrophilic diversion strips (4) can be arranged or placed at the side of the water outlet at the interface of the closely contacted non-wetting surface and extend into a drainage system to be used as a seepage water flow diversion piece or be provided with proper waterproof accessories to improve the waterproof effect.
Example 4: with reference to fig. 3, based on the foregoing embodiment, the side edges of the non-wetting surface of the waterproof material [5] are spliced and rolled into a rolled bag [10], so that the non-wetting surface can be better attached to each other, a hydrophilic drainage strip [3] is installed or placed on the water inlet side of the rolled bag [10] and extends into a drainage system to serve as a pressure relief channel, and the rolled bag [10] is sealed or the upper surface of the waterproof material [5] is covered with a suitable sealing material.
Example 5: with reference to fig. 4 and 5, on the basis of the above embodiment, a drainage culvert [6] with a proper size and an opening facing downwards is processed, the culvert [6] is reversely buckled (two sides of the culvert [6] are suitable for straddling two waterproof materials [5] at the interface), the side of a water inlet at the interface of a non-wetting surface where the two waterproof materials [5] are in close contact with each other is extended into a drainage system to be used as a pressure relief channel, and then the culvert [6] and the interface of the waterproof material [5] are properly fixed or sealed or the upper surfaces of the waterproof material [5] and the culvert [6] are covered with a proper sealing material for protection and fixation. The culvert [6] always keeps a certain smooth channel to ensure that the leakage water flow can be discharged in time, prevent the leakage water flow from generating water columns or water pressure at the interface and finish the waterproof task.
The drainage culvert can be an arc-shaped pipeline with a downward opening, a U-shaped or V-shaped cover or a cover with several shapes, or a leakage pipeline with a water through hole at the bottom, or a culvert formed by the leakage pipeline with the flat bottom and the water through holes at the bottom and the side surfaces, or a culvert formed by upwards protruding materials or structures such as waterproof plates, coiled materials, waterproof membranes and the like at the interface of the waterproof materials (the protrusion is formed by processing the structural strength of the materials of the waterproof plates, the coiled materials, the waterproof membranes and the like or by arranging a support below the protrusion).
Example 6: with reference to fig. 6, on the basis of the above embodiment, a hydrophilic drainage member [7] is placed or installed in the drainage culvert [6], so as to increase the automatic drainage speed of the leakage water flow, prevent the leakage water flow from generating water columns or water pressure at the interface, and complete the waterproof task.
Furthermore, with reference to fig. 7, a waterproof film is wrapped or covered on the upper surface of the hydrophilic drainage strip [3], and the lower surface is still in close contact with the water inlet side at the interface of the closely contacted non-wetting surface, so as to prevent the hydrophilic drainage strip [3] from directly contacting with a covering or sealing material to influence the waterproof effect.
Example 7: in the application, a plane bottom plate with a proper width can be arranged at the bottom of the culvert with the side walls such as the downward opening arc-shaped pipeline, the U-shaped or V-shaped cover, the several-shaped cover and the like and the upper surface sealed, the lower surface of the culvert bottom plate is processed into a non-wetting surface or is provided with a continuous non-wetting surface, or a waterproof plate, a coiled material, a waterproof film and other suitable materials or structures with the lower surface of the non-wetting surface are upwards protruded at a waterproof material interface (the protrusion is processed into the waterproof plate, the coiled material, the waterproof film and the like through the structural strength of the self material or is formed by arranging a support under the protrusion) to form the culvert to be used as the non-wetting interface culvert, two sides of the waterproof material interface of the waterproof material are processed into the non-wetting surface or are provided with the continuous non-wetting surface and can be tightly attached to the non-wetting surface of the bottom surface of the interface covering material, the waterproof material and the non-wetting surface of the bottom surface of the sealing cover are tightly attached together, the non-wetting plugging interface is formed, leakage water flow is prevented from rapidly entering the interface of the waterproof material, the pressure relief pressure of the pressure relief channel is reduced, and the pressure relief effect is improved. Meanwhile, a flexible non-infiltration sheet or a non-infiltration block can be arranged between the non-infiltration plugging interfaces, so that the non-infiltration plugging interfaces can be better and closely attached, and the sealing effect of the interfaces is better. Meanwhile, a hydrophilic drainage strip [3] can be arranged in the non-wetting plugging interface to improve the drainage speed.
Furthermore, the pressure relief channel can be arranged in the interface of the two closely-attached non-infiltration surfaces at the interface of the waterproof material and is arranged close to the water inlet or the water inlet side, so that the closely-attached non-infiltration surfaces in front of the pressure relief channel prevent water from infiltrating, and the drainage pressure of the pressure relief channel is reduced.
Example 8: more than two non-wetting strips or belts are longitudinally arranged in parallel at intervals in two closely-attached non-wetting surface interfaces at the interface of a waterproof material and are closely attached to the upper non-wetting surface and the lower non-wetting surface of the waterproof material, so that more than one independent hollow hole, culvert or roadway is formed between every two non-wetting strips or belts in the interface to form a pressure relief channel. The non-wetting strip or belt should have a certain thickness (preferably the compacted thickness is not less than 1 mm), so that the upper and lower waterproof materials can be fully separated to form a pressure relief channel. A hydrophilic drainage strip can also be arranged in the pressure relief channel.
Example 9: in this embodiment, can set up more than two pressure release channels that do not contact each other or disturb at the kneck and accomplish the pressure release drainage task, make water-proof effects better, pressure release channel can be parallelly connected or overlap the setting, need for the pressure release of pure hydrophilic spare with waterproof material with two pressure release channels isolation to it is suitable to use each pressure release channel to superpose each other, will be in behind or above pressure release channel parcel or cover preceding or below pressure release channel completely, so that water-proof effects is better.
Example 10: with reference to fig. 17, in this embodiment, when the waterproof area is small or the pressure relief channel and the drainage effect are good, only one waterproof area can be treated in the whole or local waterproof area, only one or two water outlets are provided, that is, only one whole hydrophilic belt is used for the pressure relief channel in the same level around the whole waterproof area or the drainage strips except the water outlets are connected end to drain the leakage water flow, and only the pressure relief channel of the water outlet is directly or after wrapping the waterproof layer, extended into the drainage system. The second pressure relief channel 43 has only one water outlet, and the middle part of the pressure relief channel of the other water outlet side can be cut off according to actual needs, so that the pressure relief channel is made into an open loop; two water outlets can be arranged on the first pressure relief channel 35, so that the installation and construction are convenient.
Furthermore, in this embodiment, when the single-side or peripheral waterproof region greatly exceeds the effective or optimal drainage distance of the pressure release channel, the whole single-side or peripheral waterproof region can be divided into more than two mutually non-interfering effective waterproof regions or waterproof regions independent of each other to complete the waterproof tasks of the respective regions or regions, and a plurality of corresponding water outlets are provided, that is, the pressure release channel at the same level of the whole single-side or peripheral waterproof region is divided into mutually non-interfering sections, and the water outlets of the corresponding number are provided to automatically discharge the leakage water flow in the region, so that the pressure release channel always keeps effective, ideal or optimal drainage effect, and the waterproof effect is improved.
Further, with reference to fig. 16 and 13, in this embodiment, the effective independent waterproof area may be provided with only more than one water outlet, and the rest of the middle portions are connected together, for example, the independent effective first pressure release channel 35 shown in fig. 16 is provided with two water outlets, and the pressure release channels in the non-wetted surface are connected into a whole, and of course, more than one pressure release channels with elongated water outlets may be further added to contact or connect with the middle position of the independent effective first pressure release channel 35 if necessary, so as to improve the drainage effect; when the drainage effect of the pressure relief channel is better, as shown in fig. 13, only one water outlet can be arranged.
Further, with reference to fig. 16, in this embodiment, only one water outlet may be provided in the effective and independent waterproof area, the pressure relief channels of the two independent effective waterproof areas are separated, and the connection or contact of the pressure relief channels of the two waterproof areas is cut off, such that the independent and effective second pressure relief channel 43 shown in fig. 16 is cut off by the non-wetting strip 10 at the junction of the two waterproof areas, and a water outlet is provided to block the mutual wetting of the pressure relief channels of the two independent waterproof areas, thereby improving the waterproof effect.
In the embodiment, as shown in fig. 14 and 15, the water outlets of more than two effective independent waterproof areas can be arranged together, so that the construction difficulty is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved.
With reference to fig. 9, 10, 11 and 12, in the present embodiment, the pressure relief passages of the independent waterproof regions can be isolated by directly separating them by a proper distance (1mm or more) as shown in fig. 9; or the non-wetting strip 10 or the waterproof membrane can be used for separating the pressure relief channels of the two waterproof areas on the basis of directly separating the pressure relief channels at a proper distance (more than 1 mm) or directly breaking the pressure relief channels as shown in the figure 10; or can be separated in a mode of staggering a proper distance (more than 1 mm) after the pressure relief channels of the two waterproof areas are disconnected as shown in FIG. 11; or, as shown in fig. 12, the pressure release channels of the two waterproof regions are separated by a suitable distance (more than 1 mm) and are staggered with each other to extend into the waterproof region of the other side by a suitable distance (more than 1 mm), i.e., the pressure release channels are separated and overlapped, so as to prevent the waterproof blank region between the waterproof regions, improve the waterproof effect, and further increase a non-wetting strip or a waterproof membrane between the two pressure release channels of the staggered repeated regions to further separate the connection of the pressure release channels between the adjacent waterproof regions, so that the whole waterproof system has no waterproof blank region or waterproof dead angle.
Example 11: on the basis of the embodiment, the water outlet is wrapped by the waterproof membrane 24 to prevent the waterproof membrane from contacting with a waterproof material near the interface, so that the waterproof effect is improved.
Example 12: on the basis of the above embodiment, the waterproof plate (1) is provided with a fixed mounting hole, the bearing plate or the bearing surface is provided with a fixed seat or a fixed hole, the waterproof plate (1) is directly fixed in the fixed seat or the fixed hole (such as a fixedly mounted nut, an expansion screw and the like) on the bearing plate or the bearing surface by a fastener (such as a screw and the like), at this time, the surface in the fixed mounting hole on the waterproof plate (1) is preferably set to be a non-wetting surface, the overlapping area of a fastening rod and the fixed mounting hole of the fastener is set to be the non-wetting surface, and the two non-wetting surfaces can be tightly attached, or a non-wetting surface ring or a cylinder which can be tightly attached to the fastening rod and the fixed mounting hole is arranged between the fastening rod and the fixed mounting hole on the non-wetting surface, so that the non-wetting surface in the mounting hole is tightly attached to prevent water flow from immersing; or the upper surface of the fixed mounting hole of the waterproof board [1] is provided with a circle of non-wetting surface, the overlapping area of the fastening cover (such as a screw cover and the like) of the fastening piece and the upper surface of the fixed mounting hole is set into the non-wetting surface which can be tightly attached to the upper surface of the fixed mounting hole, or a non-wetting surface ring or a gasket which can be tightly attached to the fastening cover and the upper surface of the fixed mounting hole is arranged between the fastening cover of the non-wetting surface and the fixed mounting hole. The non-wetted surface ring or cylinder and the non-wetted surface ring or pad are preferably made of a flexible material. Similarly, the fastener can also pass through the waterproof board [1] interface, or pass through the pressure relief channel, and the waterproof treatment of the fixing hole or the through hole is also finished.
Further, the fastener holes and fasteners may be waterproofed using other existing waterproof sealing techniques or suitable waterproofing techniques or materials.
Furthermore, corresponding waterproof treatment functional surface energy treatment is also required to be carried out at the interface of the waterproof material and the wall.
Example 13: on the basis of the above embodiment, the waterproof material of the waterproof unit can also be flexible waterproof roll 42, and other suitable materials can be selected according to actual needs.
Furthermore, the waterproof board [1] can also be replaced by a flexible waterproof material, a pressure relief channel is arranged in a non-wetting surface energy interface where the waterproof materials are mutually overlapped, non-wetting strips (which are flexible and the compaction thickness is not less than that of the pressure relief channel) are arranged on two sides of the pressure relief channel and are tightly attached to the non-wetting surface of the overlapped waterproof materials, and a fastening strip or a fastening block is arranged on the outer surface of the waterproof material interface to compact the interface, so that water flow cannot easily enter a space between the interfaces; or arranging non-wetted surface fastening holes in the fastening strips or blocks, and fixing the fastening strips or blocks by using non-wetted surface fasteners, non-wetted surface rings or tubes, non-wetted surface rings or gaskets.
In this embodiment, the pressure release channel is suitable for having a suitable gradient, so that the leakage water flow can be discharged in a free flow manner under the non-pressure condition or can be discharged quickly under the drainage of the hydrophilic drainage strip, that is, the flow velocity of the water flow in the pressure release channel, which is freely discharged under the non-pressure condition, is suitable for being larger than that of the upper leakage water flow, and the leakage water flow is prevented from accumulating in the pressure release channel to generate pressure to influence the waterproof effect.
In the embodiment, a hard object with proper size can be longitudinally arranged or arranged in the hydrophilic drainage strip [3], a shell with better hardness can be wrapped outside the hydrophilic drainage strip [3], or the hydrophilic drainage strip [3] with better hardness and more hydrophilic pores or drainage channels is directly used, so that the hydrophilic drainage strip [3] cannot be compacted by a covering to influence the smoothness of the hydrophilic drainage channels, and the smoothness of the drainage channels of the hydrophilic drainage strip [3] is ensured.
In this embodiment, in order to improve the waterproof effect, besides the pressure-relief waterproof system, two foundations or appropriate waterproof measures may be used for waterproof treatment, and a pressure-relief channel is added at the joint of the pressure-relief waterproof technology, or pressure-relief waterproof is used in front of the water inlets of the two foundations or appropriate waterproof measures, so that the waterproof effect is better.
In the present embodiment, except for the waterproof structure and fittings of the pressure release channel composed of the hydrophilic drainage strip [3], the culvert [6], and the like, other waterproof methods are not limited to the waterproof method mentioned in the present embodiment, and any other suitable waterproof method can be applied to the waterproof method of the pressure release channel.
In this embodiment, when the two closely attached non-wetting surfaces are horizontally arranged, the position of the water outlet at the interface is preferably not lower than the position of the water inlet, and the position of the water outlet higher than the position of the water inlet, so that the drainage effect of the pressure relief channel is better.
This embodiment can be used in all fields of suitable application other than building waterproofing.
In this embodiment, the waterproof film is preferably a non-wetting surface film material.
In this embodiment, the water inlet side or the water inlet is the side where water flows into the waterproof material interface, and the water outlet side or the water outlet is the side where water flows out from the waterproof material interface.
The non-wetting (flooding) surface in this embodiment includes a hydrophobic surface, a hydrophilic surface free from surface wetting, and a neutral surface free from surface wetting, but is preferably a non-wetting surface; the non-wetting (dipping) structure, substance, piece or strip includes hydrophobic structure, substance, hydrophilic substance without surface wetting phenomenon and neutral substance without surface wetting phenomenon, but preferably non-wetting substance and structure.
The hydrophilic drainage surface in the embodiment is a hydrophilic surface with the functions of surface infiltration, adsorption and siphonage; the hydrophilic substance or the hydrophilic drainage strip or piece is a hydrophilic substance with the functions of surface infiltration, adsorption and siphonage.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A pressure relief type waterproof technology is characterized in that a waterproof measure is arranged at a waterproof material interface which is spliced with each other to serve as a waterproof interface, the waterproof measure is a structure or material for performing waterproof treatment on the interface, a drainage channel is arranged on the water inlet side of the waterproof interface below a sealing material, the bottom or the side wall of the drainage channel is provided with a plurality of holes or pores which are communicated with an external space or a leakage channel to serve as a pressure relief channel, so that leakage water flow permeating into a waterproof interface area below the sealing material can enter the pressure relief channel at any time, the pressure relief channel drains or freely drains or guides the leakage water flow permeating into the waterproof interface to a drainage system, the pressure of the leakage water flow in the leakage channel is relieved, the seepage force or power of the leakage water flow permeating into the waterproof material interface is reduced, and the leakage water flow is difficult to enter the water inlet side of the waterproof interface provided with the waterproof measure.
2. The pressure relief type waterproof technology according to claim 1, wherein the pressure relief channel is a drainage channel with a downward opening, or a drainage channel with water through holes at the bottom or on the side wall, or a drainage channel with water through holes at the bottom and on the side wall; comprises a drainage culvert or a cavity or a roadway which is arranged at the interface of a waterproof material and can freely discharge seepage water flow;
the drainage culvert comprises an arc pipeline with a downward opening, or a U-shaped or V-shaped cover or a n-shaped cover, or a leakage pipeline with a water through hole at the bottom, or a leakage pipeline with a smooth bottom and water through holes at the bottom and the side, or a culvert formed by upward bulges at the joint of waterproof materials;
the pressure relief channel also comprises more than two non-wetting strips or belts which are longitudinally arranged in parallel at intervals in two closely-attached non-wetting surface interfaces at the waterproof material interface to form more than one independent hollow hole, culvert or roadway;
the pressure relief channel also comprises a combination of a hydrophilic drainage strip and a drainage culvert, a cavity or a roadway, wherein the combination comprises the hydrophilic drainage strip arranged in the drainage culvert, the cavity or the roadway;
the pressure relief channel also comprises a hydrophilic drainage strip which is not compacted by a covering object or a hydrophilic drainage strip below the sealing material or a hydrophilic drainage strip covered with a waterproof membrane above.
3. The pressure relief waterproofing technique according to claim 1, wherein the pressure relief channel has a plurality or larger longitudinal hydrophilic drainage pores, meshes or channels; or a hard object is arranged in the hydrophilic drainage strip, or a shell with better hardness is wrapped outside the hydrophilic drainage strip, or the hydrophilic drainage strip with better hardness and more hydrophilic pores or drainage channels is directly used, so that the hydrophilic drainage strip can not be compacted by a covering object to keep the drainage channels unobstructed.
4. The pressure relief type waterproof technology according to claim 1, wherein more than two pressure relief channels are provided in parallel or overlapped, without contact or interference. Or a pressure relief channel is respectively arranged at the water inlet of the interface of the two waterproof materials; or a pressure relief channel is arranged at the joint of the two waterproof materials.
5. The pressure relief type waterproof technology according to claim 1, wherein the hydrophilic drainage strips are lapped and the joints are separated by a waterproof membrane, so that the leakage water flow can only flow in one direction.
6. The pressure relief waterproofing technique according to claim 1, wherein the waterproofing measure comprises a structure or material that can seal the interface of the waterproofing material and has waterproofing properties.
7. The pressure relief type waterproofing technique according to claim 1 or 6, wherein the waterproofing measure is: the interface of the two waterproof materials is mutually jointed with the non-infiltration surface;
or a non-wetting member or substance that can be tightly attached to the non-wetting surface of the waterproof material;
or a diversion strip which is arranged between the two attached non-wetting surfaces and extends into the drainage system or the interface;
or a roll-folding bag formed by splicing and rolling the side edges of the non-wetting surfaces of the two waterproof materials.
8. The pressure relief type waterproof technology according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, wherein the pressure relief channel has a suitable slope; or the position of the water outlet side of the waterproof interface is not lower than the position of the water inlet side; or rivers free discharge velocity of flow is greater than the outside or than the velocity of flow of top seepage rivers infiltration pressure release passageway, makes seepage rivers can the free flow discharge or can discharge fast under the drainage of hydrophilic drainage strip, prevents that seepage rivers from gathering in pressure release passageway and producing pressure and influencing water-proof effects.
9. The pressure relief type waterproof technology according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, wherein a non-wetting surface is arranged between the waterproof material and the pressure relief channel to reduce the affinity between the leakage water flow and the interface, so that the leakage water flow is discharged faster or absorbed by the hydrophilic drainage strip and drained; the non-wetting surface comprises:
the contact part of the waterproof material interface and the pressure relief channel or the wider surface is a hydrophobic surface;
the non-infiltration bottom surface of the drainage culvert is tightly attached to the non-infiltration surface at the interface of the waterproof material to form a non-infiltration plugging interface;
and a flexible non-infiltration sheet or a non-infiltration block is arranged between the non-infiltration plugging interfaces.
10. The pressure relief type waterproof technology of claim 1, wherein the pressure relief type waterproof technology is an independent effective pressure relief type waterproof area with more than one pressure relief channel independent from each other and without interference to jointly complete the pressure relief type waterproof task.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2019112373299 | 2019-12-05 | ||
| CN201911237329 | 2019-12-05 | ||
| CN202011043984.3A CN112144767A (en) | 2019-12-05 | 2020-09-28 | Pressure release type waterproof system |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011043984.3A Division CN112144767A (en) | 2019-12-05 | 2020-09-28 | Pressure release type waterproof system |
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| CN114775919A true CN114775919A (en) | 2022-07-22 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011043984.3A Pending CN112144767A (en) | 2019-12-05 | 2020-09-28 | Pressure release type waterproof system |
| CN202211106413.9A Pending CN115573307A (en) | 2019-12-05 | 2020-09-28 | Pressure relief type fluid anti-seepage device or technology |
| CN202210510974.9A Pending CN114775919A (en) | 2019-12-05 | 2020-09-28 | Pressure relief type waterproof technology |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202011043984.3A Pending CN112144767A (en) | 2019-12-05 | 2020-09-28 | Pressure release type waterproof system |
| CN202211106413.9A Pending CN115573307A (en) | 2019-12-05 | 2020-09-28 | Pressure relief type fluid anti-seepage device or technology |
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Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100363436B1 (en) * | 2000-04-20 | 2002-12-02 | 오상근 | Plastic panels for waterproofing of a rooftop |
| CN201391050Y (en) * | 2009-02-17 | 2010-01-27 | 河南省绿韵建材有限公司 | Inverted roof heat-insulation composite board |
| CN102635207A (en) * | 2012-04-28 | 2012-08-15 | 龙宏元 | Dredged and concealed waterproof (and heat-insulating) system |
| CN103883081B (en) * | 2014-04-03 | 2019-03-29 | 怀化沃普环保科技有限公司 | Open draining water-proof heat insulating system certainly |
| CN106854918B (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2019-06-25 | 陈明东 | The general pre-stress hollow pan tile of the flat roof superstructure of ne-leakage |
| CN108533316A (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2018-09-14 | 中铁工程设计咨询集团有限公司 | A kind of full packet pressure release waterproof/drainage structure in tunnel |
| CN109577570B (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2021-11-30 | 怀化沃普环保科技有限公司 | Split drainage waterproof system |
| CN110905139A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-03-24 | 怀化沃普环保科技有限公司 | Pressure release type waterproof system |
-
2020
- 2020-09-28 CN CN202011043984.3A patent/CN112144767A/en active Pending
- 2020-09-28 CN CN202211106413.9A patent/CN115573307A/en active Pending
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| CN115573307A (en) | 2023-01-06 |
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Application publication date: 20220722 |