CN106854918B - The general pre-stress hollow pan tile of the flat roof superstructure of ne-leakage - Google Patents

Abstract

The general pre-stress hollow pan tile of the flat roof superstructure of the ne-leakage constructs self waterproofing system for structure.Component production specification meets size coordination principle, is generally applicable in roof waterproof field.The primary anti-row's rainwater of roofing, the corresponding construction of waterproof layer spells whip stitch, self adaptive cracking, reform of nature rule, it expands with heat and contract with cold, moisture expansion and drying shrinkage seeps water through general pre-stress hollow pan tile constructional waterproofing, and secondary anti-row leads infiltration, it is accepted again through concave waterproof water guide collar tie beam groove, cross over pipe lower part is introduced by water guide pipe network having opened leakage drain gully, having cross over pipe principle effect to act on, is discharged outside room, roofing cracking leakage problems are solved with this.The waterproof layer surface once anti-bright water of row's roofing is formed, general pre-stress hollow pan tile constructional waterproofing is hidden to lead infiltration at secondary anti-row, and combines roof concave waterproof water guide collar tie beam groove pipe network, and guidance percolating water drains, the waterproof technique effect of overall coordination system.

Description

The general pre-stress hollow pan tile of the flat roof superstructure of ne-leakage

Technical field

This technology belongs to building roof waterproof field.

Background technique

Flat roof building cover structure layer, typically reinforced concrete roof, i.e. cast-in-situ steel reinforced concrete roofing and assembled Armoured concrete slab roofing.

Cast-in-situ steel reinforced concrete roofing, it obeys the rule that crack occurs from middle part again and again, and there is also randomness cracks point Cloth generates the complexity fractue spacing that the two haves both at the same time.

In multi-storey building, in small high-rise and skyscraper, cast-in-situ steel reinforced concrete roof construction layer usually will appear 0.1mm-0.2mm different degrees of construction crack, or even will appear the connectivity crack greater than 0.2mm, if crack allows width It is reduced to 0.2mm from 0.3mm, about needs to increase by 30% arrangement of reinforcement, the effect of the economy of waterproof technique and control critical eigenvalue is not It is good.

With prefabricated concrete hollow slab component, the roofing building cover structure of assembly, rigid waterproof layer (or screed-coat) with Between structured base layer cored slab piece, end seam, connectivity crack is formed.

Currently, reinforced concrete roof, is all made of totally-enclosed waterproof material technology covering roofing, splits to solve roof structure Infiltration problem, but has a problem in that each layer of material constructional waterproofing also relates to, the linear expansion coefficient between waterproof material is different, and heat expansion is cold Compression deformation value is also just different, makes material combination of rigidity and flexibility to each other, it is compatible with match, constructing operation is not easy, material aging, uncoordinated Etc. brings leakage problems.

Summary of the invention

Systematically analyzing roof waterproof now, the problem of generally existing leakage, we provide Technical Economy conjunctions Reason, with prestressed concrete technology and the cementitious capillary waterproofing material for mutually melting armored concrete, is integrated collaboration The technological means of roof collar tie beam, optimization solve roof superstructure leakage, form rigid roofing water barrier surface, once anti-row's rainwater, Infiltration is split through base layer structure constructional waterproofing, and secondary anti-row leads infiltration, then combined roof, the concave waterproof water guide collar tie beam ditch being integrally formed Barrel net is accepted, and guidance percolating water drains, the systematic waterproofing technical solution of overall coordination, schematic diagram 1.It is 1. 2. 3. 4. pre- in figure 5. prestressed concrete structure constructional waterproofing component, the flat roof superstructure assemblied seep to integrate the anti-gear of concave of roof formation Water is entered the room, the concave waterproof water guide collar tie beam that drains of guidance percolating water, there is water guide pipe network in section, groove center, is equipped with and pipe network It is connected between each setting nozzle, with the polywater ditch for encircleing arc, the pipe network in groove and beam on beam forms cross over pipe principle effect It should act on, opened the openning of overboard row's infiltration below, each nozzle lower part of setting is coupled pipe network and makees gradient water conservancy diversion installation process.

Fig. 2 is Z-shaped plate watt used in roofing superstructure in technical solution, and T-type pan tile (positive T-type, inverted T shaped), side plate watt (is opened Head plate watt receives head plate watt), five kinds of structure constructional waterproofing components, schematic illustration and member section schematic diagram, component are suitble to work Factory, standardized production, structural system meet the requirement of size coordination principle, we are called general prestressed cored slab Watt, abbreviation pan tile.

2. 3. description of symbols: 1. Shang watt mouth, 2. pan tile is worked as, and sees Fig. 1,3. water blocking, 4. lower watt of mouth, has row to seep slope, 5. wear Muscle button binding reinforcement wears snap fit muscle with pan tile section angle at 45 ° with benefit, 6. water proof wire casing in length and breadth,⑥Water proof wire casing ring moulds tool, Internal diameter d is corresponding with mold tube core outer diameter D to match, and 7. drips, 8. the simultaneous muscle of wearing of hanging ring is buckled, and 9. side plate watt, which encloses, works as, and sees Fig. 1 1. 4..

Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 7, Fig. 8 are that pan tile assembly spells and takes mode, with a thickness of 120mm, 160mm, 180mm, 240mm, 1. five kinds of specifications such as 320mm, Fig. 7 are to spell whip stitch thin portion enlarged drawing.

Pan tile length specification size is divided into: 2.4m, 3.0m ... 7.5m etc. is a variety of.

Pan tile width specifications size is divided into: 600mm, 900mm, 1200mm etc. are several.

Pan tile thickness specification size is divided into: 120mm, 160mm, 180mm, 240mm, 320mm etc. are several.

Lower watt of mouth ramp height respectively corresponds pan tile thickness are as follows: 10mm, 30mm, 50mm, 110mm, 170mm etc. are several.

It is seeped to improve lower watt of mouth gradient acceleration drainage row of pan tile, it can or Demand Design selection pan tile how many according to regional rainfall Thickness selects the standard width of a room in an old-style house to collapse long needs, the i.e. short use of slab, not necessarily with the row's of raising infiltration slope ratio.Collapsing for Fig. 7 is grown within 3m, is done Drought area short of rain uses.

Fig. 9 is that roof superstructure need to set internal drainage, and to the practice and requirement of pan tile body aperture mode, no special situation is not adopted Use internal discharging type.

1. the section size position of pan tile aperture, opening diameter d is less than pan tile hollow pipe cavity diameter D, is not allowed to injure pre- answer Power reinforcing bar.2. aperture needed for pan tile longitudinal profile or the position for opening second hole, two hole back gauges should be greater than being equal to 80mm, and aperture is answered It is dug at pan tile hollow pipe cavity in pan tile end away from the region pan tile length 250mm-600mm, aperture discharge capacity is small, Just can be as needed, longitudinal to dig second hole, pan tile body must not be dug in other regions.3. threading water guide pipe fitting and set Position applies cementitious capillary crystalline waterproofing agent, makees plugging watertight processing before sealing.4. sealing nut, 5. sealing ring.⑥ The vertical view and side view of discharge outlet, nozzle top should fill grate.

The beneficial effect of the technology is: wearing muscle button binding reinforcement above general prestressed cored slab tile structure component, indulges Snap fit muscle string knot roofing steel mesh is crossed, and is securely linked with the binding reinforcement on roof surrounding concave waterproof water guide collar tie beam, is worn Button connection arrangement of reinforcement is convenient, and after roofing pea gravel concreten waterproof layer pours, assembly globality structure enhancing, shockproof erosion-resisting characteristics is mentioned It is high.

The corresponding construction of roof waterproof layer spells whip stitch and adaptively cracks, the secondary anti-row's percolating water of constructional waterproofing, house indoor without Leakage, because being integrated with structural elements, constructional waterproofing is consistent durable using durable years with the Concrete Structure Design for constructional waterproofing Effectively, component assembles, and laying is mounted on concave waterproof water guide collar tie beam, and construction is simple, and installation effectiveness is high, save artificial, template, Bracket, waterproof are built economical.

Concave waterproof water guide collar tie beam accepts the entire secondary anti-row's percolating water of roofing, and the anti-gear infiltration of groove is entered the room, polywater ditch Diversion enters each nozzle, is drained to leakage drain gully through slope connection pipe network, is discharged outside room, roof structure constructional waterproofing system peace Dress, waterproof quality are easily guaranteed that.

The ramp height of secondary anti-row's percolating water, can be according to regional rainfall size selected member thickness specification.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is to solve the problems, such as background technique, provided technical solution schematic diagram.

Fig. 2 to Fig. 9 is the schematically illustrate and corresponding section signal of five kinds of components of constructional waterproofing used in technical solution, Have including upper watt mouth water proof wire casing ring moulds, schematic diagram 2, assembly spells and takes mode, marks five kinds of specification Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, figures 7, Fig. 8, roofing internal drainage osseotomy site installation signal (no special situation does not use internal discharging type) Fig. 9, Fig. 6 is Fig. 5 specification Another construction spell and take mode.

Figure 10 to Figure 14, is technical solution, in specific embodiment, produces mold schematic diagram 10 used in pan tile, template, Production site schematic diagram 11, the template mold schematic diagram 12 of the built concave waterproof water guide collar tie beam in erecting bed roof, lower watt of mouth are oblique Slope water conservancy diversion illustrates schematic diagram 13, pan tile structure constructional waterproofing reinforced component schematic diagram 14.

Figure 15 is technical solution, flat roof superstructure waterproof system, partial schematic diagram explanation.

Figure 16 is flat roof superstructure, and assembly is laid with pan tile schematic diagram, is painted with respective markers position 1. to thin portion installation 7. Structure structure cutaway view and corresponding position roofing pan tile spell whip stitch, end seam diagram①Part, roofing wear snap fit muscle diagram in length and breadth② ③④Part, the adaptive crack diagram of roofing⑤Part.

Figure 17 is technical solution, is implemented required roofing eave (ditch), 1. 2. 3. 4. totally four kinds of constructional waterproofing schematic diagram.

Specific embodiment

Figure 10 is the Shang Wakou and lower watt of mouth partial illustrations when pan tile component is produced, and is labeled with section watt mouth ruler It is very little.Oblique line area portions are molds.1. lower watt of mouth upper mold, 2. mold (being painted with enlarged drawing) under Shang watt mouth.

Production method: oblique line area portions make mold, prefabricated extraction tube core mold, after form removal, need secondary demoulding (tiltedly Line area portions mold), after the concrete set strength after waiting the type of building reaches requirement, can demoulding, do not hurt a watt mouth, the mould on lower watt of mouth Tool finally can carefully remove after a form removal, not hurt a watt mouth.

In this explanatory diagram 2⑥The use of water proof wire casing ring moulds tool: when production pan tile, wire casing ring moulds tool is inserted in Shang Wakou Mold tube core, each one of both ends, away from the position between end head formwork 15mm-20mm, after building type extraction tube core, wire casing ring moulds Tool can be left on position set by watt mouth, after demoulding, after waiting concrete strengths to reach requirement, can take out wire casing ring moulds and have, thereon watt Mold (oblique line area portions) below mouthful should do the isosceles of corresponding wire casing ring moulds tool in the corresponding position of two ends mold The small trough of ladder type.

The pan tile produced, at the scene lift before, need to use cement based penetration crystallization type water proofing paint, to pan tile upper watt Mouth, which drips, around to be brushed or sprays secondary, and to being brushed or sprayed three times in lower watt of mouth, thickness should be not less than 1.0mm, brush Or when spraying, answer thickness uniform every time, in case lifting after final set.

Figure 11 is that Z-shaped plate watt used in production pan tile builds two side template of type and two ends template and production site shows It is intended to.

Description of symbols: being 1. that 2. mold forms superposition mould under Shang watt mouth by Shang watt mouth Side shuttering and Figure 10,①It is corresponding Pan tile side eaves tile template with 1. overlap, in addition, also reply Shang watt mouth oblique line area mold lower section Figure 10, eaves tile 2. polishing at position Template.2. it is lower watt of mouth Side shuttering and Figure 10 1. lower watt of mouth upper mold composition superposition mould,②It is corresponding pan tile side eaves tile Template with 2. overlap.

3. it is pan tile two ends engaging template,③- 1,3. -1 with③- 2,3. -2, mould is crossed according to presstressed reinforcing steel distribution Place, is provided with the card slot of joinery and its construction, and③- 1 with③Convex head (being painted with side view and top view) is reserved on -2 template tenons. After bolster engaging is held together, it is formed the square via hole of presstressed reinforcing steel, is 4. convex head via size.

It is 6. the side view production landform of Z (T) template watt, 7. landform is raised, is 5. being the vertical view production landform of side plate watt To replace saving bottom abdomen template, 8. long line platform presstressed reinforcing steel, 9. starts pan tile signal, 10. receives head plate watt signal,Pan tile has been taken, Collapsible form and position are removed,The swollen loose device of side plate watt and position are taken.

Figure 12 is concave waterproof water guide ring beam template: 1. gable (beam), the template on outer vertical wall (beam), and with Figure 16's Detail drawing 7. corresponds to and arrangement of reinforcement, 2. cross wall (beam), the template on interior vertical wall (beam), and 6. corresponding with the detail drawing of Figure 16, And arrangement of reinforcement, 3. it is that figure is cutd open in the longitudinal direction of corresponding templates 2. female mold tool, is 4. the polywater ditch mold section diagram with arch arc.

In the concrete for pouring concave waterproof water guide collar tie beam, mixes cementitious capillary crystalline waterproofing agent or concave waterproof is led It in the groove of hydrosphere beam, brushes or sprays, thickness is uniform, and thickness should be not less than 1.0mm, cement-base infiltration crystallization type water-proof Coating.

Figure 13 is that the type mode of building of the slope Wa Kou water conservancy diversion under pan tile illustrates: 1. lower watt of mouth macropore Side Template, 2. lower watt of mouth is small Hole Side Template, 3. for 1. with 2. template, size hole horizontal sighting distance be overlapped inscribe (or size hole horizontal sighting distance overlapping intersection, such as scheme 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6), it is 4. 7. cone mold tube core passes through the side view of template 1., 2., the water conservancy diversion for 5. building type formation is oblique 6. the latch aperture and rod bolt of tube core are fixed in slope.

Figure 14 is Z (T) template watt, side plate watt reinforcement bar arrangement figure: 1. pan tile section presstressed reinforcing steel, 2. in the middle part of upper and lower watt of mouth Bar spacing, 3. pan tile end bar spacing, 4. pan tile is when with muscle is taken off, 5. side plate watt, which encloses, works as arrangement of reinforcement, 6. upper and lower watt of mouth arrangement of reinforcement, 7. wearing muscle snap fit muscle, 8. pan tile end stirrup.

Figure 15 be in order to install flat roof superstructure waterproof system, detail sections and the overboard local specification of alien invasion: 1. rigid waterproof layer corresponds to pan tile and spells whip stitch, adaptive to crack, 2. roofing drain port, 3. roofing pea gravel concreten rigid waterproofing Layer, 4. backing, sealing material, 5. cavity, 6. band encircles the polywater ditch of arc, 7. leaks drain gully, 8. percolating water water conservancy diversion pipe network, 9. Concave waterproof water guide collar tie beam, 10. roofing drain port and leakage drain gully alien invasion bucket and master, manifold docking assembly,Housing Corrugated tube, at 1 meter or more, waveform nozzle should be closed length.

Figure 16 is that assembly is taken in flat roof superstructure roofing spelling, and installation is equipped with longitudinal direction and has lateral pan tile schematic diagram, marks 1. to sectional detail figure when being 7. painted with installation respectively.

1. enlarged drawing in is the closure node diagram at pan tile laterally and longitudinally right-angled intersection,①- 1 is " several " font Backing blocks the seam signal of pan tile end,①- 2 be pan tile longitudinally spell whip stitch block, see Fig. 7 1. amplify spell whip stitch, the seam using mixed with The sticky more dry mortar of asbestos is made into a joint filling and blocks, and mortar must not be fallen into Xia Wakou, in order to avoid infiltration flowing, row is hindered to seep not Freely.In 2.②- 1 is to wear snap fit muscle amplification diagram in length and breadth.In 4.④- 1 is that the simultaneous muscle of wearing of hanging ring buckles specification, and④- 2 wear muscle button, and height is for the ease of pile, transport, hidden keeps away rear waterproof layer matcoveredn on it.In 7.⑦It is concave The binding reinforcement of gable (beam) and outer vertical wall (beam) and roof waterproof layer on waterproof water guide collar tie beam.

The above installation is completed, blocks and spells whip stitch and end seam, and wear snap fit muscle in length and breadth, on inspection after no problem, will be poured thin Stone concrete waterproof layer should mix cementitious capillary crystalline waterproofing agent, and one-time-concreting by waterproofing design requirement in concrete It completes.Through Troweling press finishing three times before beginning, initial set, final set.It should be paid attention to, after receiving water, second of press polish is to guarantee waterproof Layer surface compactness closes pore, improves impermeability, and an extremely important procedure must carry out 14d maintenance after final set.

After this, roofing pea gravel concreten rigid waterproof layer can be deformed because of base, building sedimentation, ambient air temperature Change, solar radiation, under the action of rain, snow and house heat source etc., rigid waterproof layer adaptively generates crack, some cracks Meeting very little, what is had will not even crack, this will see the size of its stressing influence.Whip stitch is spelled in gap and pan tile usually after cracking, End seam communicates up and down, corresponds to the size distribution of base's pan tile regularly.Such as the roofing of Figure 16 5.⑤Partial illustrations.

It must refer to the waterproof maintaining management of roofing later period, reason has three:

One, the gradient of accessible roof generally in 2%-3%, construction it is levelling be difficult to accomplish it is accurate, waterproof layer surface just The place for having several places or many places indentation, influences roof drainage, therefore pan tile, it is larger should to scratch obstruction based on waterproof row's infiltration Gap, allowing rainwater, from roofing, once bright water drainage is gone out to greatest extent, and a small amount of percolating water is from the pan tile ditch and concave under crack It is secondary in waterproof water guide collar tie beam pipe network to drain.

Two, it repairs and safeguards that biggish crack is also the comfort level improved on people's fracture visual sensory, if had ready conditions, Tapestry brick decoration can be used, impact of the crack to vision is weakened.

Three, roof waterproof maintenance management should also develop simultaneously with prevention and treatment dust dirt, be that can go up the movable roofing of people fortunately, Usually roof drainage obstacle dirt is removed, it is easy to keep hygienically clean, this is also the preferably maintenance dust-proof to roof waterproof.

To keep the constructional waterproofing system of flat roof superstructure permanent effective as the durable years of concrete structure member, institute With maintenance management, blade coating is stopped cracking and is also necessary in the gap of 0.4mm or more.

Claims (5)

1. the general pre-stress hollow pan tile of the flat roof superstructure of ne-leakage, comprising: the general pre-stress hollow pan tile of Z-type, T-type are general pre- Stress hollow pan tile contains positive T-type and inverted T shaped, side plate watt, i.e., covering roof longitudinally in each or the lateral standard width of a room in an old-style house, initial arrangement it is general Pre-stress hollow pan tile, the general pre-stress hollow pan tile of beginning pan tile and covering arrangement ending, receives head plate watt, concave waterproof is led Mold, the template of type, concave waterproof water guide collar tie beam and the master for wherein leading the pipe network and peripheral hardware that seep row's leakage are built in hydrosphere beam, and production Discrimination water falling pipe, it is characterized in that: the beginning pan tile through side plate watt, the general pre-stress hollow pan tile of Z-type T-type, to the receipts of side plate watt Head plate watt, installation spell and take laying, cover on the concave waterproof water guide collar tie beam on building roof, cover entire roof flooring, and close Whip stitch and end seam are spelled between general pre-stress hollow pan tile, and wears button string knot arrangement of reinforcement in length and breadth on it, pour pea gravel concreten waterproof After layer, the flat roof superstructure of complete one is formed, once anti-row's rainwater, general pre-stress hollow pan tile construction are anti-for waterproof layer surface Water, secondary anti-row lead infiltration, are accepted by concave waterproof water guide collar tie beam, through its groove pipe network, are guided to leakage drain gully, flow into peripheral hardware Main discrimination water falling pipe discharge room outside.

2. the general pre-stress hollow pan tile of the flat roof superstructure of ne-leakage as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: Z-type T-type is general Pre-stress hollow pan tile wears muscle button binding reinforcement in plate face, upper watt mouth of pan tile two sides and the Xia Wakou for having a gradient water conservancy diversion, And the eaves tile that two ends are sagging, the water proof wire casing at both ends, includes the arrangement of reinforcement in its upper and lower watt of mouth, eaves tile in Shang watt mouth.

3. the general pre-stress hollow pan tile of the flat roof superstructure of ne-leakage as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: beginning pan tile and Head plate watt to be received, wears muscle button binding reinforcement in plate face, there is Shang watt mouth in beginning pan tile side or has the Xia Wakou of a gradient water conservancy diversion, and two End and three side of the other side, then have continuous sagging enclosing to work as, and the water proof wire casing at both ends, receipts head plate watt also have phase in Shang watt mouth Mutually correspond to upper watt mouth of beginning pan tile or have a gradient water conservancy diversion Xia Wakou and two ends and three side of the other side it is continuously sagging Enclose and work as, the water proof wire casing at both ends, includes its upper and lower watt of mouth in Shang watt mouth, enclose in arrangement of reinforcement.

4. the general pre-stress hollow pan tile of the flat roof superstructure of ne-leakage as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: whole building building room Waterproof water guide collar tie beam structure on top is with whole made of gable beam, outer vertical wall beam, interior cross wall beam, interior vertical wall beam in length and breadth connection Body is a waterproof water guide groove continuously penetrated through above collar tie beam, and section is entered the room at concave, anti-gear infiltration, and gable beam and outer vertical For concave waterproof water guide collar tie beam on wall beam at abnormal shape, top is asymmetric, and outside is both higher and wide than inside, highly thick with laying pan tile Degree flushes, and outside top is equipped with the binding reinforcement overlapped with roof waterproof layer, the inbuilt pipe in concave waterproof water guide collar tie beam Net is then to communicate with concave groove, and is then to be equipped with gradient connection for water conservancy diversion infiltration to gang up below pipe network, and the main discrimination with peripheral hardware Water falling pipe communicates.

5. the general pre-stress hollow pan tile of the flat roof superstructure of ne-leakage as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: roof superstructure needs Aperture if internal drainage, to pan tile body.