CN114775166A - 一种可降解双重复合抗菌水刺无纺布及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种可降解双重复合抗菌水刺无纺布及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种可降解双重复合抗菌水刺无纺布及其制备方法。所述双层复合抗菌水刺无纺布的制备方法包括以下步骤：步骤1：将聚酯纤维、粘胶纤维梳理铺网，得到底层无纺布；步骤2：将蚕丝纤维置于壳聚糖溶液中改性，得到改性蚕丝纤维；将棉纤维依次置于碱液和氯代乙酸中羧甲基化，得到羧甲基化棉纤维；然后置于角蛋白溶液中改性，得到改性棉纤维；将改性蚕丝纤维、改性棉纤维梳理铺网，得到面层无纺布；步骤3：将氧化锌分散液分成两份分别涂覆在底层无纺布、面层无纺布的一面上；将两层叠合，涂有氧化锌分散液的一面接触；辐照；喂入水刺区，经过正反面交替水刺缠结，制得双层复合抗菌水刺无纺布。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及水刺无纺布技术领域，具体为一种可降解双重复合抗菌水刺无纺布及其制备方法。
背景技术
无纺布是利用高聚物切片、短纤维、长丝纤维通过气流或机械成网，再经过水刺、针刺、热轧加固形成的布料，具有透气、柔韧等优点，被广泛用于服装、医用等领域。其中，水刺无纺布是一种将高压水流喷射到一层或多层纤维网，加固而成的非织造布；主要利用不同方向的高速水流穿插的水力作用产生位移、缠结等作用，起到加固纤维网的效果。相较于其他类型，该类无纺布手感柔软、吸湿性强、蓬松度高，洁净度更高。
目前，水刺无纺布的原料主要包括棉纤维、粘胶纤维、丙纶纤维等，其不具有抗菌性或抗菌性较差；为了增强其应用范围，通过会通过前处理或后整理的方式加入抗菌剂，用以增强无纺布的抗菌性。相较于有机抗菌剂存在耐热性差、易水解等问题；无机抗菌剂稳定性高；但是其存在分散性问题和掉落性问题。由于水刺无纺布需要在高压注射流下加固，前处理浸渍负载的抗菌剂通常会被水流冲掉，一是影响无纺布抗菌性，二是会堵塞水刺装置，造成水刺压力上升；而后整理的抗菌剂，又存在黏附性不佳，耐洗涤性能较差，随着织物洗涤次数的增加，抗菌性能会减弱。
因此，解决上述问题，制备一种可降解双重复合抗菌水刺无纺布具有重要意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种可降解双重复合抗菌水刺无纺布及其制备方法，以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供如下技术方案：
一种可降解双重复合抗菌水刺无纺布的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤1：将聚酯纤维、粘胶纤维梳理铺网，得到底层无纺布；
步骤2：将蚕丝纤维置于壳聚糖溶液中改性，得到改性蚕丝纤维；将棉纤维依次置于碱液和氯代乙酸中羧甲基化，得到羧甲基化棉纤维；然后置于角蛋白溶液中改性，得到改性棉纤维；将改性蚕丝纤维、改性棉纤维梳理铺网，得到面层无纺布；
步骤3：将氧化锌分散液分成两份分别涂覆在底层无纺布、面层无纺布的一面上；将两层叠合，涂有氧化锌分散液的一面接触；辐照；喂入水刺区，经过正反面交替水刺缠结，制得双层复合抗菌水刺无纺布。
较为优化地，：所述面层无纺布的单位面积重量为10～25g/m2；所述底层无纺布的单位面积重量为10～25g/m2；所述底层无纺布的原料包括以下组分，按重量计，75～85份聚酯纤维、15～25份粘胶纤维；所述面层无纺布的原料包括以下组分，按重量计，10～15份改性蚕丝纤维、85～90份改性棉纤维。
较为优化地，步骤3中，所述辐照条件为：400W紫外灯在波长为254nm下辐照16～20分钟；所述水刺压力为15～30KPa。
较为优化地，所述聚酯纤维的原料包括以下组分：按重量计，80～90份聚酯、8～10份聚乙烯吡咯烷酮。
较为优化地，所述改性蚕丝纤维的制备方法为，将蚕丝纤维置于6～8wt％的壳聚糖溶液中，浴比为1:(2～3)，搅拌1～2小时，干燥，得到改性蚕丝纤维。
较为优化地，所述改性棉纤维的制备方法为：将羧甲基化棉纤维置于4～6wt％的角蛋白溶液中，浴比为1:(4～6)，室温搅拌1～2小时，挤干，在60～80℃干燥15分钟，在120～150℃下干燥5～10分钟，得到改性棉纤维。
较为优化地，所述改性棉纤维的制备方法为：将棉纤维置于14～16wt％的碱液溶液中，室温搅拌1～2小时；将其转移至含有10～12wt％的氯代乙酸中，室温搅拌15～30分钟；在60～80℃下处理2～4小时；洗涤，干燥，得到羧甲基化棉纤维。
较为优化地，所述氧化锌分散液的制备方法为：将氧化锌纳米粒子超声分散在水中，加入抗坏血酸，分散均匀；加入角蛋白、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、甘油，分散均匀；加入过氧化氢分散均匀，得到氧化锌分散液。
较为优化地，所述氧化锌分散液的原料包括以下组分：按照重量百分比计，5～6wt％的氧化锌纳米粒子、1～2wt％角蛋白、2～3wt％聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(pvp)、0.1～0.12wt％过氧化氢、2～3wt％抗坏血酸、5～8wt％甘油，其余为溶剂水。
较为优化地，一种可降解双重复合抗菌水刺无纺布的制备方法制备得到的双层复合抗菌水刺无纺布。
上述所有纤维的细度介于1.2D～12D；上述面层无纺布中纤维的长度介于10～60mm；上述表层无纺布中纤维的长度介于40～60mm。
方案中，利用角蛋白对面纤维改性、利用壳聚糖对蚕丝纤维改性，增加面层的力学性能、舒爽性和耐久性；利用含有聚乙烯吡咯烷酮的掺杂聚酯纤维增强与粘胶纤维的界面作用，增强底层无纺布的力学性能；同时利用氧化锌悬浮液作为抗菌剂和交联剂，增强抗菌性和耐洗涤性，达到长久抗菌的效果。
(1)由于方案中所用的纤维包括棉纤维、粘胶纤维、蚕丝纤维、聚酯纤维具有降解性，壳聚糖、角蛋白是天然物质，因此，所制备的复合抗菌无纺布具有可降解性。
(2)面层无纺布中，使用壳聚糖对蚕丝纤维进行表面处理，一是增加了抗菌性，二是由于负载，增强了与棉纤维之间的界面作用。三是提高抗皱性；同时，依次对棉纤维使用碱液和氯代乙酸进行羧甲基化，然后利用羧甲基化产生的粗糙度和基团与角蛋白可以形成的氢键力，增强角蛋白负载；增加亲肤性。
底层无纺布中，利用将聚乙烯吡咯烷酮的掺杂增加了聚酯纤维的吸湿性；从而提高其与粘胶纤维的相互作用；因为纯聚酯纤维较为光滑，相互作用差。由于聚乙烯吡咯烷酮中存在碳碳双键，而角蛋白中存在半胱氨酸，具有巯基；两层之间在辐照作用下，可以形成自由基，交联形成二硫键，同时两者的羰基和氨基之间存在氢键作用力；从而增加了两成之间的密度，增强了无纺布的力学强度。
(3)方案中，将氧化锌悬浮液作为抗菌剂和面层与底层之间的交联剂；氧化锌可以产生锌离子长期抗菌，但是其均匀分散性和黏附性影响水刺无纺布的性能。如果利用后整理会降低无纺布的触感；同时直接负载在表面，耐洗涤性差；因此，将其设置在两层之间不仅不会降低无纺布的触感，同时增强了耐洗涤性。由于后续会使用水刺加固，为了降低纳米粒子不在水刺过程中冲刷脱落，在氧化锌悬浮液另外加入了少量的角蛋白和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮，用于增加两层之间的交联度，增加脱落阻力；同时将纳米粒子先使用抗坏血酸改性，利用其增强氧化锌的分散性、利用氢键作用力增强黏附性，且抗坏血酸本身就具有抗菌性，协同增强水刺无纺布的抗菌性。另外，由于设置在两层之间只能通过孔隙透光，透光性差，因此为了在不增加辐照时间的基础上增强辐照交联对，悬浮液中加入了过氧化氢促进交联过程；并利用抗坏血酸在辐照过程中的部分氧化促进二硫键的聚合，辅助过氧化氢增强交联。以此，促进交联，抑制氧化锌在水刺过程中的脱落，增强长期抗菌性。
需要说明的是：抗坏血酸溶液易被氧化，为了防止其在氧化锌溶液中不被氧化，悬浮液中在加入过氧化氢之前加入了角蛋白和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、甘油维持其稳定；因为过氧化氢是氧化剂，同时过氧化氢可以引发交联。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
以下实施例中，聚酯纤维的制备方法为：将将85份聚酯、10份聚乙烯吡咯烷酮低温混合，在温度为250℃下熔融纺丝，得到聚酯纤维。
实施例1：
步骤1：将80份聚酯纤维、20份粘胶纤维梳理铺网，得到底层无纺布；
步骤2：(1)将蚕丝纤维置于6wt％的壳聚糖溶液中，浴比为1:2.5，搅拌1.5小时，干燥，得到改性蚕丝纤维。(2)将棉纤维置于15wt％的氢氧化钠溶液中，浴比1:5，室温搅拌1.5小时；将其转移至含有12wt％的氯乙酸钠中，浴比为1:5，室温搅拌20分钟；在70℃下处理3小时；洗涤，干燥，得到羧甲基化棉纤维。将羧甲基化棉纤维置于5wt％的角蛋白溶液中，浴比为1:5，室温搅拌2小时，挤干，在80℃干燥15分钟，在140℃下干燥5分钟，得到改性棉纤维。(3)将12份改性蚕丝纤维、88份改性棉纤维梳理铺网，得到面层无纺布；
步骤3：(1)将5wt％氧化锌纳米粒子超声分散在水中，加入3wt％抗坏血酸，分散30分钟；加入1.5wt％角蛋白、2.5wt％聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、6wt％甘油，分散40分钟；加入0.1wt％过氧化氢分散10分钟，得到氧化锌分散液。(2)将氧化锌分散液分成两份分别涂覆在底层无纺布、面层无纺布的一面上，每面的涂覆量为150g/m2；将两层叠合，涂有氧化锌分散液的一面接触；在400W紫外灯下，设置波长为254nm，正反面各辐照9分钟，共辐照18分钟；将其喂入水刺区，设置水刺压力为20KPa，经过正反面交替水刺缠结，制得双层复合抗菌水刺无纺布。
实施例2：
步骤1：将75份聚酯纤维、15份粘胶纤维梳理铺网，得到底层无纺布；
步骤2：(1)将蚕丝纤维置于6wt％的壳聚糖溶液中，浴比为1:3，搅拌1小时，干燥，得到改性蚕丝纤维。(2)将棉纤维置于14wt％的氢氧化钠溶液中，浴比为1:5，室温搅拌1小时；将其转移至含有10wt％的氯乙酸钠中，浴比为1:5，室温搅拌15分钟；在60℃下处理2小时；洗涤，干燥，得到羧甲基化棉纤维。将羧甲基化棉纤维置于4wt％的角蛋白溶液中，浴比为1:4，室温搅拌1小时，挤干，在60℃干燥15分钟，在120℃下干燥5分钟，得到改性棉纤维。(3)将10份改性蚕丝纤维、85份改性棉纤维梳理铺网，得到面层无纺布；
步骤3：(1)将5wt％氧化锌纳米粒子超声分散在水中，加入2wt％抗坏血酸，分散30分钟；加入1wt％角蛋白、2wt％聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、5wt％甘油，分散40分钟；加入0.1wt％过氧化氢分散10分钟，得到氧化锌分散液。(2)将氧化锌分散液分成两份分别涂覆在底层无纺布、面层无纺布的一面上，每面的涂覆量为150g/m2；将两层叠合，涂有氧化锌分散液的一面接触；在400W紫外灯下，设置波长为254nm，正反面各辐照8分钟，共辐照16分钟；将其喂入水刺区，设置水刺压力为15KPa，经过正反面交替水刺缠结，制得双层复合抗菌水刺无纺布。
实施例3：
步骤1：将85份聚酯纤维、25份粘胶纤维梳理铺网，得到底层无纺布；
步骤2：(1)将蚕丝纤维置于8wt％的壳聚糖溶液中，浴比为1:2，搅拌2小时，干燥，得到改性蚕丝纤维。(2)将棉纤维置于16wt％的氢氧化钠溶液中，浴比为1:5，室温搅拌2小时；将其转移至含有12wt％的氯乙酸钠中，浴比为1:5，室温搅拌15分钟；在80℃下处理4小时；洗涤，干燥，得到羧甲基化棉纤维。将羧甲基化棉纤维置于6wt％的角蛋白溶液中，浴比为1:6，室温搅拌2小时，挤干，在80℃干燥15分钟，在150℃下干燥10分钟，得到改性棉纤维。(3)将15份改性蚕丝纤维、90份改性棉纤维梳理铺网，得到面层无纺布；
步骤3：(1)将6wt％氧化锌纳米粒子超声分散在水中，加入3wt％抗坏血酸，分散30分钟；加入2wt％角蛋白、3wt％聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、8wt％甘油，分散40分钟；加入0.12wt％过氧化氢分散10分钟，得到氧化锌分散液。(2)将氧化锌分散液分成两份分别涂覆在底层无纺布、面层无纺布的一面上，每面的涂覆量为150g/m2；将两层叠合，涂有氧化锌分散液的一面接触；在400W紫外灯下，设置波长为254nm，正反面各辐照10分钟，共辐照20分钟；将其喂入水刺区，设置水刺压力为30KPa，经过正反面交替水刺缠结，制得双层复合抗菌水刺无纺布。
实施例4：
步骤1：将80份聚酯纤维、20份粘胶纤维梳理铺网，得到底层无纺布；
步骤2：(1)将蚕丝纤维置于6wt％的壳聚糖溶液中，浴比为1:2.5，搅拌1.5小时，干燥，得到改性蚕丝纤维。(2)将棉纤维置于15wt％的氢氧化钠溶液中，浴比1:5，室温搅拌1.5小时；将其转移至含有12wt％的氯乙酸钠中，浴比为1:5，室温搅拌20分钟；在70℃下处理3小时；洗涤，干燥，得到羧甲基化棉纤维。将羧甲基化棉纤维置于5wt％的角蛋白溶液中，浴比为1:5，室温搅拌2小时，挤干，在80℃干燥15分钟，在140℃下干燥5分钟，得到改性棉纤维。(3)将12份改性蚕丝纤维、88份改性棉纤维梳理铺网，得到面层无纺布；
步骤3：(1)将5wt％氧化锌纳米粒子超声分散在水中，加入1.5wt％角蛋白、2.5wt％聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、6wt％甘油，分散40分钟；加入0.1wt％过氧化氢分散10分钟，得到氧化锌分散液。(2)将氧化锌分散液分成两份分别涂覆在底层无纺布、面层无纺布的一面上，每面的涂覆量为150g/m2；将两层叠合，涂有氧化锌分散液的一面接触；在400W紫外灯下，设置波长为254nm，正反面各辐照9分钟，共辐照18分钟；将其喂入水刺区，设置水刺压力为20KPa，经过正反面交替水刺缠结，制得双层复合抗菌水刺无纺布。
实施例5：
步骤1：将80份聚酯纤维、20份粘胶纤维梳理铺网，得到底层无纺布；
步骤2：(1)将蚕丝纤维置于6wt％的壳聚糖溶液中，浴比为1:2.5，搅拌1.5小时，干燥，得到改性蚕丝纤维。(2)将棉纤维置于15wt％的氢氧化钠溶液中，浴比1:5，室温搅拌1.5小时；将其转移至含有12wt％的氯乙酸钠中，浴比为1:5，室温搅拌20分钟；在70℃下处理3小时；洗涤，干燥，得到羧甲基化棉纤维。将羧甲基化棉纤维置于5wt％的角蛋白溶液中，浴比为1:5，室温搅拌2小时，挤干，在80℃干燥15分钟，在140℃下干燥5分钟，得到改性棉纤维。(3)将12份改性蚕丝纤维、88份改性棉纤维梳理铺网，得到面层无纺布；
步骤3：(1)将5wt％氧化锌纳米粒子超声分散在水中，加入3wt％抗坏血酸，分散30分钟；加入1.5wt％角蛋白、2.5wt％聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、6wt％甘油，分散40分钟；得到氧化锌分散液。(2)将氧化锌分散液分成两份分别涂覆在底层无纺布、面层无纺布的一面上，每面的涂覆量为150g/m2；将两层叠合，涂有氧化锌分散液的一面接触；在400W紫外灯下，设置波长为254nm，正反面各辐照9分钟，共辐照18分钟；将其喂入水刺区，设置水刺压力为20KPa，经过正反面交替水刺缠结，制得双层复合抗菌水刺无纺布。
实施例6：
步骤1：将80份聚酯纤维、20份粘胶纤维梳理铺网，得到底层无纺布；
步骤2：(1)将蚕丝纤维置于6wt％的壳聚糖溶液中，浴比为1:2.5，搅拌1.5小时，干燥，得到改性蚕丝纤维。(2)将棉纤维置于15wt％的氢氧化钠溶液中，浴比1:5，室温搅拌1.5小时；将其转移至含有12wt％的氯乙酸钠中，浴比为1:5，室温搅拌20分钟；在70℃下处理3小时；洗涤，干燥，得到羧甲基化棉纤维。将羧甲基化棉纤维置于5wt％的角蛋白溶液中，浴比为1:5，室温搅拌2小时，挤干，在80℃干燥15分钟，在140℃下干燥5分钟，得到改性棉纤维。(3)将12份改性蚕丝纤维、88份改性棉纤维梳理铺网，得到面层无纺布；
步骤3：(1)将5wt％氧化锌纳米粒子超声分散在水中，加入3wt％抗坏血酸，分散30分钟；加入6wt％甘油，分散40分钟；加入0.1wt％过氧化氢分散10分钟，得到氧化锌分散液。(2)将氧化锌分散液分成两份分别涂覆在底层无纺布、面层无纺布的一面上，每面的涂覆量为150g/m2；将两层叠合，涂有氧化锌分散液的一面接触；在400W紫外灯下，设置波长为254nm，正反面各辐照9分钟，共辐照18分钟；将其喂入水刺区，设置水刺压力为20KPa，经过正反面交替水刺缠结，制得双层复合抗菌水刺无纺布。
实施例7：
步骤1：将80份聚酯纤维、20份粘胶纤维梳理铺网，得到底层无纺布；
步骤2：(1)将蚕丝纤维置于6wt％的壳聚糖溶液中，浴比为1:2.5，搅拌1.5小时，干燥，得到改性蚕丝纤维。(2)将棉纤维置于15wt％的氢氧化钠溶液中，浴比1:5，室温搅拌1.5小时；将其转移至含有12wt％的氯乙酸钠中，浴比为1:5，室温搅拌20分钟；在70℃下处理3小时；洗涤，干燥，得到羧甲基化棉纤维。将羧甲基化棉纤维置于5wt％的角蛋白溶液中，浴比为1:5，室温搅拌2小时，挤干，在80℃干燥15分钟，在140℃下干燥5分钟，得到改性棉纤维。(3)将12份改性蚕丝纤维、88份改性棉纤维梳理铺网，得到面层无纺布；
步骤3：(1)将5wt％氧化锌纳米粒子超声分散在水中，加入3wt％抗坏血酸，分散30分钟；加入1.5wt％角蛋白、2.5wt％聚乙烯吡咯烷酮，分散40分钟；加入0.1wt％过氧化氢分散10分钟，得到氧化锌分散液。(2)将氧化锌分散液分成两份分别涂覆在底层无纺布、面层无纺布的一面上，每面的涂覆量为150g/m2；将两层叠合，涂有氧化锌分散液的一面接触；在400W紫外灯下，设置波长为254nm，正反面各辐照9分钟，共辐照18分钟；将其喂入水刺区，设置水刺压力为20KPa，经过正反面交替水刺缠结，制得双层复合抗菌水刺无纺布。
实验：取实施例1～7制备的一种可降解双重复合抗菌水刺无纺布按照GB/T20944，以金黄色葡萄球菌为菌种，使用活菌计数法(接种前活菌浓度为2.8cfu/mL)，将水刺无纺布置于菌落中，在37℃下培养18小时，用以表征水刺无纺布的抗菌性；并将水刺无纺布洗涤20次和100次后的抗菌性能进行比较；并通过力学检测仪检测水刺无纺布的拉伸断裂强力；所有数据如下所示。
结论：由实施例1～3的数据可知，所制备的双层复合抗菌水刺无纺布具有较好的抗菌性和耐洗涤性；抗菌率高达99.8％；洗涤100次后，仍然具有93.2％的抗菌率，表明具有长久抗菌性，耐洗涤性能好。同时其纵向断裂强力最高为412N，具有优异的力学性能。
将实施例4～5的数据与实施例1的数据对比，可以发现：实施例4中未加入抗坏血酸，使得性能下降，原因在于：抗坏血酸的加入增强了氧化锌的粒子的分散性，增强了其表面的氢键作用，增强了其在角蛋白和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮中的嵌合性；同时抗坏血酸会在辐照情况下有部分被氧化，增强了二硫键的形成，从而增强了交联性；以此抑制了氧化锌粒子在水刺、或洗涤过程中的掉落；实施例5中未加入过氧化氢，使得性能下降，原因在于：过氧化氢加入增强了辐照交联密度，增加了氧化锌纳米粒子脱落的阻力，使得洗涤过程中未掉落；实施例6中未加入角蛋白和聚乙烯吡咯烷铜使得性能下降，原因在于：其一两种物质的加入，增强了两层之间的交联，同时，其抑制了抗化学酸在氧化锌分散液中的氧化，从而在辐照接枝中发挥作用；实施例7中未加入甘油，使得性能，原因在于：其的加入增加了缠结性，氢键作用力的减少，制得后续耐洗涤性下降。
最后应说明的是：以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种可降解双重复合抗菌水刺无纺布的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
步骤1：将聚酯纤维、粘胶纤维梳理铺网，得到底层无纺布；
步骤2：将蚕丝纤维置于壳聚糖溶液中改性，得到改性蚕丝纤维；将棉纤维依次置于碱液和氯代乙酸中羧甲基化，得到羧甲基化棉纤维；然后置于角蛋白溶液中改性，得到改性棉纤维；将改性蚕丝纤维、改性棉纤维梳理铺网，得到面层无纺布；
步骤3：将氧化锌分散液分成两份分别涂覆在底层无纺布、面层无纺布的一面上；将两层叠合，涂有氧化锌分散液的一面接触；辐照；喂入水刺区，经过正反面交替水刺缠结，制得双层复合抗菌水刺无纺布。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种可降解双重复合抗菌水刺无纺布的制备方法，其特征在于：所述面层无纺布的单位面积重量为10～25g/m2；所述底层无纺布的单位面积重量为10～25g/m2；所述底层无纺布的原料包括以下组分，按重量计，75～85份聚酯纤维、15～25份粘胶纤维；所述面层无纺布的原料包括以下组分，按重量计，10～15份改性蚕丝纤维、85～90份改性棉纤维。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种可降解双重复合抗菌水刺无纺布的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤3中，所述辐照条件为：400W紫外灯在波长为254nm下辐照16～20分钟；所述水刺压力为15～30KPa。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种可降解双重复合抗菌水刺无纺布的制备方法，其特征在于：所述聚酯纤维的原料包括以下组分：按重量计，80～90份聚酯、8～10份聚乙烯吡咯烷酮。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种可降解双重复合抗菌水刺无纺布的制备方法，其特征在于：所述改性蚕丝纤维的制备方法为，将蚕丝纤维置于6～8wt％的壳聚糖溶液中，浴比为1:(2～3)，搅拌1～2小时，干燥，得到改性蚕丝纤维。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种可降解双重复合抗菌水刺无纺布的制备方法，其特征在于：所述改性棉纤维的制备方法为：将羧甲基化棉纤维置于4～6wt％的角蛋白溶液中，浴比为1:(4～6)，室温搅拌1～2小时，挤干，在60～80℃干燥15分钟，在120～150℃下干燥5～10分钟，得到改性棉纤维。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种可降解双重复合抗菌水刺无纺布的制备方法，其特征在于：所述改性棉纤维的制备方法为：将棉纤维置于14～16wt％的碱液溶液中，室温搅拌1～2小时；将其转移至含有10～12wt％的氯代乙酸中，室温搅拌15～30分钟；在60～80℃下处理2～4小时；洗涤，干燥，得到羧甲基化棉纤维。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种可降解双重复合抗菌水刺无纺布的制备方法，其特征在于：所述氧化锌分散液的制备方法为：将氧化锌纳米粒子超声分散在水中，加入抗坏血酸，分散均匀；加入角蛋白、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、甘油，分散均匀；加入过氧化氢分散均匀，得到氧化锌分散液。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种可降解双重复合抗菌水刺无纺布的制备方法，其特征在于：所述氧化锌分散液的原料包括以下组分：按照重量百分比计，5～6wt％的氧化锌纳米粒子、1～2wt％角蛋白、2～3wt％聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、0.1～0.12wt％过氧化氢、2～3wt％抗坏血酸、5～8wt％甘油，其余为溶剂水。
10.根据权利要求1～9中任意一项所述的一种可降解双重复合抗菌水刺无纺布的制备方法制备得到的双层复合抗菌水刺无纺布。
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