CN114773033B - Daily ceramic product with transparent glaze and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Daily ceramic product with transparent glaze and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114773033B CN114773033B CN202210492965.1A CN202210492965A CN114773033B CN 114773033 B CN114773033 B CN 114773033B CN 202210492965 A CN202210492965 A CN 202210492965A CN 114773033 B CN114773033 B CN 114773033B
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- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
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- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/16—Lean materials, e.g. grog, quartz
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- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/32—Burning methods
- C04B33/34—Burning methods combined with glazing
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/5022—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with vitreous materials
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
- C04B2235/3463—Alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. mullite
- C04B2235/3472—Alkali metal alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. spodumene, alkali feldspars such as albite or orthoclase, micas such as muscovite, zeolites such as natrolite
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Abstract
The invention provides a transparent glaze domestic ceramic product, which comprises a base material and a glaze material, wherein the base material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of kaolin, 15-23 parts of quartz, 20-25 parts of potassium feldspar, 12-16 parts of clay, 10-20 parts of bentonite and 2-6 parts of talcum; the glaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-16 parts of potassium feldspar, 10-20 parts of calcite, 10-24 parts of albite, 3-13 parts of kaolin, 1-5 parts of calcined talcum, 5-20 parts of quartz, 5-10 parts of limestone, 1-3 parts of zinc oxide, 1-3 parts of magnesium oxide and 6-12 parts of borax. The preparation method of the transparent glaze domestic ceramic product comprises the following steps: (1) Mixing the tire material and the glaze respectively, adding water, wet-grinding by a ball mill, and sieving to obtain tire slurry and glaze slurry; (2) preparing blank biscuit firing by using tire slurry; (3) glazing; (4) sintering. The ceramic product sintered by the raw materials and the process provided by the invention has a vitreous transparent glaze, is fine and smooth and bright, has a firm and greasy embryo, and has a moist and moist color like jade.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ceramics, and particularly relates to a daily ceramic product with transparent glaze and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The glaze is a continuous vitreous layer attached to the surface of the ceramic body or a hybrid layer of vitreous and crystalline. The glaze may be produced by using calcium-containing stone and charcoal ash used in ancient stone cooking, or by using shell powder as raw material intentionally, which is inspired by the beautiful texture of shell surface. In fact, as early as three thousand years ago, our ancestors have learned to decorate ceramics with glazes made from rock and mud. Later, the ceramic artist utilizes the phenomenon that kiln dust naturally falls on a green body to synthesize glaze, and further uses plant dust as a raw material for glaze production. Glaze used for producing modern daily ceramic is divided into stone ash glaze and feldspar glaze. Dan Huiyou is prepared from glazed fruit and lime, and feldspar glaze mainly comprises quartz, feldspar, marble, kaolin, etc. Metal oxides are added into lime glaze and feldspar glaze or other chemical components are permeated into the lime glaze and the feldspar glaze, so that various glaze colors are formed.
The thickness of the general green body glaze is 0.1 cm, but the green body glaze is tightly attached to the porcelain body after being baked by kiln fire, so that the porcelain is densified, has soft luster, is impermeable to water and gas, and gives a bright mirror-like feel. Meanwhile, the use strength and chemical stability can be improved, and the effects of preventing pollution, facilitating cleaning, reducing corrosion and the like are achieved.
The transparent glaze is a clear transparent glaze with colorless and coloring, and the color of the underglaze green body and various carved and colored decorations can be seen through the glaze layer. Transparent glazes are of various kinds, such as stone ash glaze, feldspar glaze and lead-boron glaze used on glazed tiles for daily use porcelain and sanitary porcelain.
The transparent glaze has unique effect, so that the corresponding product is favored by a plurality of consumers, but the existing transparent glaze has unstable glaze effect, low transparency, single glaze effect and monotonous variety, and cannot meet the demands of consumers with different individualities; in addition, most of the existing transparent glaze has long firing time, high firing temperature, more fuel consumption required for production, relatively lower production efficiency and higher production cost.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the prior art, the invention aims to provide a daily ceramic product with transparent glaze and a preparation method thereof, wherein the glaze of the product is in a glass-like transparent shape, is fine and smooth and bright, and has a firm and greasy body, a white color and a moist and bright color.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a daily ceramic product with transparent glaze comprises a base material and a glaze material,
the tyre material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of kaolin, 15-23 parts of quartz, 20-25 parts of potassium feldspar, 12-16 parts of clay, 10-20 parts of bentonite and 2-6 parts of talcum;
the glaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-16 parts of potassium feldspar, 10-20 parts of calcite, 10-24 parts of albite, 3-13 parts of kaolin, 1-5 parts of calcined talcum, 5-20 parts of quartz, 5-10 parts of limestone, 1-3 parts of zinc oxide, 1-3 parts of magnesium oxide and 6-12 parts of borax.
In order to better realize the invention, the invention further comprises a tyre material and a glaze material,
the tyre material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 28 parts of kaolin, 20 parts of quartz, 20 parts of potassium feldspar, 15 parts of clay, 15 parts of bentonite and 3 parts of talcum;
the glaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 16 parts of potassium feldspar, 20 parts of calcite, 22 parts of albite, 11 parts of kaolin, 4 parts of calcined talcum, 8 parts of quartz, 7 parts of limestone, 3 parts of zinc oxide, 3 parts of magnesium oxide and 12 parts of borax.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the transparent glaze domestic ceramic product, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, respectively weighing and crushing the tire materials according to the weight ratio, putting the crushed tire materials into a ball mill, adding water for wet grinding, sieving the wet ground slurry through a 200-300-mesh sieve, removing iron through a magnetic separator, and then press-filtering the slurry into mud cakes with a hydraulic mud press, wherein the water content of the mud cakes is 25-35% for later use;
step 2, shaping the mud cake in the step 1 into a blank, and trimming, bonding, carving and the like after the blank is semi-dried to prepare a fine blank;
step 3, airing the fine embryo, putting the fine embryo into a kiln, performing biscuit firing for 4-6 hours at 680-780 ℃, naturally cooling the kiln temperature to 50-80 ℃, and taking the fine embryo out of the kiln to obtain a green embryo;
step 4, respectively weighing and crushing the glaze according to the weight ratio, putting the crushed glaze into a ball mill, adding water into the ball mill, and performing ball milling, wherein the wet-ground glaze slurry passes through a 250-325 mesh sieve for standby;
step 5, soaking the green tyre obtained in the step 3 into the glaze slurry obtained in the step 4, taking out the green tyre when the glaze attached to the surface reaches the thickness of 1.2-2.0 mm, and trimming bubbles and uneven parts on the glaze layer on the surface of the green tyre;
and 6, placing the biscuit with the finished glaze layer into a kiln for sintering at 1120-1220 ℃.
In order to better realize the invention, the weight ratio of water added during wet grinding of the tire material in the step 1 is as follows: ball: water=1:1.8-2.2:0.9-1.4, and the ball milling time is 22-26 h.
In order to better realize the invention, the glaze in the step 4 is further prepared from the following materials in percentage by weight: ball: water=1:1.5-2.5:1.0-1.3, and the ball milling time is 26-32 h.
In order to better implement the present invention, further, the firing process in step 6 specifically includes the following steps:
(1) placing the glazed biscuit into a kiln, and heating in an oxidizing atmosphere to uniformly raise the temperature to 800 ℃ within 5-8 hours;
(2) under the reducing atmosphere, the temperature is evenly increased to 1120-1220 ℃ in 4-8 h;
(3) and (3) in an oxidizing atmosphere, preserving heat for 1-2 h, and then annealing and rapidly cooling to room temperature to obtain the product.
Advantageous effects
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) The daily ceramic product of the transparent glaze provided by the invention adopts kaolin, quartz, potassium feldspar, clay, bentonite and talcum as raw materials for forming a blank, wherein the kaolin is used as main raw materials for forming the blank, the whiteness is high, the viscosity is high, the plasticity is strong, and the contained ferric oxide directly influences the color of the blank and the color of the glaze; the addition of quartz makes the blank raw material easier to shape, and the shaped blank has certain drying strength and is not easy to deform and crack due to the influence of external force; the potassium feldspar can play a role of barren raw materials before sintering, reduce the drying shrinkage and deformation of a blank body, improve the drying performance, shorten the drying time, and can be used as a flux to reduce the sintering temperature during sintering so as to promote the melting of quartz and kaolin; the clay promotes the plasticity of the blank raw material, so that the shaped blank has high density and high viscosity, and can be combined with quartz to prevent the shaped blank from deforming, cracking and corner falling; the bentonite is used for reducing the thermal expansion coefficient of the matrix, so that the difference value of the thermal expansion coefficients of the matrix and the glaze is reduced, and cracks are avoided; the talcum improves the whiteness and the compactness of the green body, and after the ceramic product is sintered, the surface of the ceramic product is flicked to make the sound crisp, and when the thickness of the green body after shaping is small, the sintered ceramic product has certain transparency, so that the quality of the sintered ceramic product is improved.
(2) The transparent glaze ceramic product provided by the invention uses potassium feldspar, calcite, albite, kaolin, calcined talcum, quartz, limestone, zinc oxide, magnesium oxide and borax as glaze layer raw materials, wherein the potassium feldspar and the albite are used as cosolvent to accelerate the breakage of chemical bonds of high-melting-point crystals and the formation of eutectic substances, the melting temperature of the glaze can be drastically reduced, and the expansion coefficient can be remarkably improved; the kaolin is used as a plastic raw material, so that the glaze has good suspension property and stability, and can be well spread on the surface of the blank; quartz is the main component forming the glass phase in the glaze; the high-temperature effect of the calcined talcum and calcite is that the fluxing agent with strong activity in the glaze material, so that the melting temperature of the glaze material and the viscosity of the glaze material are reduced, and the fluidity and the expansion coefficient of the glaze material are improved; limestone, zinc oxide, magnesium oxide and borax are used as glaze and fluxing agent, so that the sintering temperature can be reduced, the glossiness and flexibility can be improved, and the ceramic material has excellent performance; after the raw materials are combined, the glaze color glaze of the sintered ceramic product is in a glass transparent shape, fine and smooth and bright.
(3) The raw materials of the green body and the raw materials of the glaze layer of the transparent glaze are different in raw materials and proportion, the raw materials of the green body are mixed and ground, water is added into the mixture to prepare green body pug, the green body is obtained after shaping, the green body is subjected to low-temperature biscuit firing, glazing is carried out after biscuit firing, glaze color is uniformly distributed after high-temperature firing, if the temperature is too high or too low, grey tone can be generated, the transparency is reduced, the glaze fluidity is high, and glaze flowing occurs. By adjusting the proportion of the raw materials of the green body and the glaze layer, the green body and the glaze layer have different thermal expansion coefficients in the high-temperature firing process, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the glaze is close to that of the green body, so that the glaze and the green body can be tightly combined, the glaze layer is uniformly distributed and transparent to high, and the green body is in a glass transparent sample, fine and smooth and bright, and the green body is hard, greasy and white, and has a color and luster as good as jade.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a daily ceramic product with transparent glaze, which comprises a base material and a glaze, wherein the base material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 28 parts of kaolin, 20 parts of quartz, 20 parts of potassium feldspar, 15 parts of clay, 15 parts of bentonite and 3 parts of talcum; the glaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 16 parts of potassium feldspar, 20 parts of calcite, 22 parts of albite, 11 parts of kaolin, 4 parts of calcined talcum, 8 parts of quartz, 7 parts of limestone, 3 parts of zinc oxide, 3 parts of magnesium oxide and 12 parts of borax.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the transparent glazed ceramic product for daily use, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, respectively weighing and crushing the tire materials according to the weight ratio, putting the crushed tire materials into a ball mill, adding water for wet grinding, and enabling the ground slurry to pass through a 250-mesh sieve, wherein the weight ratio of the water to the tire materials is as follows: ball: water=1:1.8:1.2, ball milling time is 22h, and the slurry is subjected to iron removal through a magnetic separator and is subjected to filter pressing by a hydraulic mud press to form mud cakes, wherein the water content of the mud cakes is 35 percent for later use;
step 2, shaping the mud cake in the step 1 into a blank, and trimming, bonding, carving and the like after the blank is semi-dried to prepare a fine blank;
step 3, airing the fine embryo, putting the fine embryo into a kiln, performing biscuit firing for 4 hours at 720 ℃, naturally cooling the kiln temperature to 70 ℃, and taking the fine embryo out of the kiln to obtain a green embryo;
step 4, respectively weighing and crushing the glaze according to the weight ratio, putting the crushed glaze into a ball mill, adding water for ball milling, and adding water when the glaze is wet-milled, wherein the weight ratio of the water is as follows: ball: water=1:1.8:1.2, ball milling time is 28h, and the wet ground glaze slurry passes through a 300-mesh sieve for standby;
step 5, soaking the green tyre obtained in the step 3 into the glaze slurry obtained in the step 4, taking out the green tyre when the glaze attached to the surface reaches 1.5mm thickness, and trimming bubbles and uneven parts on the glaze layer on the surface of the green tyre;
step 6, placing the biscuit with the finished glaze layer into a kiln for firing, and heating up in an oxidizing atmosphere to uniformly raise the temperature to 800 ℃ within 5 hours; under the reducing atmosphere, the temperature is uniformly increased to 1160 ℃ in 6 hours; and (3) in an oxidizing atmosphere, preserving heat for 1h, and then annealing and rapidly cooling to room temperature to obtain the product.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a daily ceramic product with transparent glaze, which comprises a base material and a glaze, wherein the base material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of kaolin, 15 parts of quartz, 20 parts of potassium feldspar, 12 parts of clay, 10 parts of bentonite and 2 parts of talcum; the glaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8 parts of potassium feldspar, 10 parts of calcite, 10 parts of albite, 3 parts of kaolin, 1 part of calcined talcum, 5 parts of quartz, 5 parts of limestone, 1 part of zinc oxide, 1 part of magnesium oxide and 6 parts of borax.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the transparent glazed ceramic product for daily use, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, respectively weighing and crushing the tire materials according to the weight ratio, putting the crushed tire materials into a ball mill, adding water for wet grinding, and sieving the wet ground slurry through a 200-300 mesh sieve, wherein the weight ratio of the water added during wet grinding of the tire materials is as follows: ball: water=1:1.8:0.9, ball milling time is 26 hours, and the slurry is subjected to iron removal through a magnetic separator and then is subjected to filter pressing by a hydraulic mud press to form a mud cake, wherein the water content of the mud cake is 25% for later use;
step 2, shaping the mud cake in the step 1 into a blank, and trimming, bonding, carving and the like after the blank is semi-dried to prepare a fine blank;
step 3, airing the fine embryo, putting the fine embryo into a kiln, performing biscuit firing at 680 ℃ for 6 hours, naturally cooling the kiln temperature to 50 ℃, and taking the fine embryo out of the kiln to obtain a green embryo;
step 4, respectively weighing and crushing the glaze according to the weight ratio, putting the crushed glaze into a ball mill, adding water for ball milling, and adding water when the glaze is wet-milled, wherein the weight ratio of the water is as follows: ball: water=1:1.5:1.0, ball milling time is 32h, and the wet ground glaze slurry passes through a 250-mesh sieve for standby;
step 5, soaking the green tyre obtained in the step 3 into the glaze slurry obtained in the step 4, taking out the green tyre when the glaze attached to the surface reaches the thickness of 1.2mm, and trimming bubbles and uneven parts on the glaze layer on the surface of the green tyre;
step 6, placing the biscuit with the finished glaze layer into a kiln for firing, and heating up in an oxidizing atmosphere to uniformly raise the temperature to 800 ℃ in 8 hours; under the reducing atmosphere, the temperature is uniformly increased to 1120 ℃ for 8 hours; and (3) in an oxidizing atmosphere, preserving heat for 1h, and then annealing and rapidly cooling to room temperature to obtain the product.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a daily ceramic product with transparent glaze, which comprises a base material and a glaze, wherein the base material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 22 parts of kaolin, 18 parts of quartz, 22 parts of potassium feldspar, 13 parts of clay, 12 parts of bentonite and 3 parts of talcum; the glaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of potassium feldspar, 12 parts of calcite, 12 parts of albite, 5 parts of kaolin, 2 parts of calcined talcum, 10 parts of quartz, 6 parts of limestone, 2 parts of zinc oxide, 2 parts of magnesium oxide and 8 parts of borax.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the transparent glazed ceramic product for daily use, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, respectively weighing and crushing the tire materials according to the weight ratio, putting the crushed tire materials into a ball mill, adding water for wet grinding, and sieving the wet ground slurry through a 200-300 mesh sieve, wherein the weight ratio of the water added during wet grinding of the tire materials is as follows: ball: water=1:1.9:1.0, ball milling time is 25h, and the slurry is subjected to iron removal through a magnetic separator and then is subjected to filter pressing by a hydraulic mud press to form a mud cake, wherein the water content of the mud cake is 28% for later use;
step 2, shaping the mud cake in the step 1 into a blank, and trimming, bonding, carving and the like after the blank is semi-dried to prepare a fine blank;
step 3, airing the fine embryo, putting the fine embryo into a kiln, performing biscuit firing at 700 ℃ for 6 hours, naturally cooling the kiln temperature to 70 ℃, and taking the fine embryo out of the kiln to obtain a green embryo;
step 4, respectively weighing and crushing the glaze according to the weight ratio, putting the crushed glaze into a ball mill, adding water for ball milling, and adding water when the glaze is wet-milled, wherein the weight ratio of the water is as follows: ball: water=1:1.7:1.1, ball milling time is 30h, and the wet ground glaze slurry passes through a 275-mesh sieve for standby;
step 5, soaking the green tyre obtained in the step 3 into the glaze slurry obtained in the step 4, taking out the green tyre when the glaze attached to the surface reaches 1.5mm thickness, and trimming bubbles and uneven parts on the glaze layer on the surface of the green tyre;
step 6, placing the biscuit with the finished glaze layer into a kiln for firing, and heating up in an oxidizing atmosphere to uniformly raise the temperature to 800 ℃ in 7 hours; under the reducing atmosphere, the temperature is uniformly increased to 1150 ℃ in 7 h; and (3) in an oxidizing atmosphere, preserving heat for 1.5h, and then annealing and rapidly cooling to room temperature to obtain the product.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a daily ceramic product with transparent glaze, which comprises a base material and a glaze, wherein the base material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of kaolin, 22 parts of quartz, 23 parts of potassium feldspar, 14 parts of clay, 18 parts of bentonite and 5 parts of talcum; the glaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12 parts of potassium feldspar, 15 parts of calcite, 18 parts of albite, 8 parts of kaolin, 3 parts of calcined talcum, 15 parts of quartz, 8 parts of limestone, 2 parts of zinc oxide, 2 parts of magnesium oxide and 10 parts of borax.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the transparent glazed ceramic product for daily use, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, respectively weighing and crushing the tire materials according to the weight ratio, putting the crushed tire materials into a ball mill, adding water for wet grinding, and sieving the wet ground slurry through a 200-300 mesh sieve, wherein the weight ratio of the water added during wet grinding of the tire materials is as follows: ball: water=1:2.0:1.3, ball milling time is 24 hours, and the water is removed by a magnetic separator and then is pressed and filtered into mud cakes by a hydraulic mud press, wherein the water content of the mud cakes is 28 percent for later use;
step 2, shaping the mud cake in the step 1 into a blank, and trimming, bonding, carving and the like after the blank is semi-dried to prepare a fine blank;
step 3, airing the fine embryo, putting the fine embryo into a kiln, performing biscuit firing at 720 ℃ for 5 hours, naturally cooling the kiln temperature to 60 ℃, and taking the fine embryo out of the kiln to obtain a green embryo;
step 4, respectively weighing and crushing the glaze according to the weight ratio, putting the crushed glaze into a ball mill, adding water for ball milling, and adding water when the glaze is wet-milled, wherein the weight ratio of the water is as follows: ball: water=1:2.0:1.2, ball milling time is 28h, and the wet ground glaze slurry passes through a 300-mesh sieve for standby;
step 5, soaking the green tyre obtained in the step 3 into the glaze slurry obtained in the step 4, taking out the green tyre when the glaze attached to the surface reaches the thickness of 1.8mm, and trimming bubbles and uneven parts on the glaze layer on the surface of the green tyre;
step 6, placing the biscuit with the finished glaze layer into a kiln for firing, and heating up in an oxidizing atmosphere to uniformly raise the temperature to 800 ℃ in 6 hours; under the reducing atmosphere, the temperature is uniformly increased to 1180 ℃ in 6h; and (3) in an oxidizing atmosphere, preserving heat for 1.5h, and then annealing and rapidly cooling to room temperature to obtain the product.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a daily ceramic product with transparent glaze, which comprises a base material and a glaze, wherein the base material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of kaolin, 23 parts of quartz, 25 parts of potassium feldspar, 16 parts of clay, 20 parts of bentonite and 6 parts of talcum; the glaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 16 parts of potassium feldspar, 20 parts of calcite, 24 parts of albite, 13 parts of kaolin, 5 parts of calcined talcum, 20 parts of quartz, 10 parts of limestone, 3 parts of zinc oxide, 3 parts of magnesium oxide and 12 parts of borax.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the transparent glazed ceramic product for daily use, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, respectively weighing and crushing the tire materials according to the weight ratio, putting the crushed tire materials into a ball mill, adding water for wet grinding, and sieving the wet ground slurry through a 200-300 mesh sieve, wherein the weight ratio of the water added during wet grinding of the tire materials is as follows: ball: water=1:2.2:1.4, ball milling time is 22h, and the slurry is subjected to iron removal through a magnetic separator and then is subjected to filter pressing by a hydraulic mud press to form a mud cake, wherein the water content of the mud cake is 25% for later use;
step 2, shaping the mud cake in the step 1 into a blank, and trimming, bonding, carving and the like after the blank is semi-dried to prepare a fine blank;
step 3, airing the fine embryo, putting the fine embryo into a kiln, performing biscuit firing for 4 hours at 780 ℃, naturally cooling the kiln temperature to 50 ℃, and taking the fine embryo out of the kiln to obtain a green embryo;
step 4, respectively weighing and crushing the glaze according to the weight ratio, putting the crushed glaze into a ball mill, adding water for ball milling, and adding water when the glaze is wet-milled, wherein the weight ratio of the water is as follows: ball: water=1:2.5:1.3, ball milling time is 26 hours, and the wet ground glaze slurry passes through a 325-mesh sieve for standby;
step 5, soaking the green tyre obtained in the step 3 into the glaze slurry obtained in the step 4, taking out the green tyre when the glaze attached to the surface reaches the thickness of 2.0mm, and trimming bubbles and uneven parts on the glaze layer on the surface of the green tyre;
step 6, placing the biscuit with the finished glaze layer into a kiln for firing, and heating up in an oxidizing atmosphere to uniformly raise the temperature to 800 ℃ within 5 hours; under the reducing atmosphere, the temperature is uniformly increased to 1220 ℃ in 4 hours; and (3) in an oxidizing atmosphere, preserving heat for 2 hours, and then annealing and rapidly cooling to room temperature to obtain the product.
The raw materials used for the transparent glazed domestic ceramic articles provided in examples 1 to 5 above are shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1 raw materials and parts by weight
| Raw material of green body | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Example 5 |
| Kaolin clay | 28 parts of | 20 parts of | 22 parts of | 25 parts of | 30 parts of |
| Quartz | 20 parts of | 15 parts of | 18 parts of | 20 parts of | 23 parts of |
| Potassium feldspar | 20 parts of | 20 parts of | 22 parts of | 23 parts of | 25 parts of |
| Clay | 15 parts of | 12 parts of | 13 parts of | 14 parts of | 16 parts of |
| Bentonite clay | 15 parts of | 10 parts of | 12 parts of | 18 parts of | 20 parts of |
| Talc | 3 parts of | 2 parts of | 3 parts of | 5 parts of | 6 parts of |
| Raw material for glaze layer | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Example 5 |
| Potassium feldspar | 16 parts of | 8 parts of | 10 parts of | 12 parts of | 16 parts of |
| Calcite | 20 parts of | 10 parts of | 12 parts of | 15 parts of | 20 parts of |
| Albite feldspar | 22 parts of | 10 parts of | 12 parts of | 15 parts of | 20 parts of |
| Kaolin clay | 11 parts of | 3 parts of | 5 parts of | 8 parts of | 13 parts of |
| Calcined talc | 4 parts of | 1 part of | 2 parts of | 3 parts of | 5 parts of |
| Quartz | 8 parts of | 5 parts of | 10 parts of | 15 parts of | 20 parts of |
| Limestone powder | 7 parts of | 5 parts of | 6 parts of | 8 parts of | 10 parts of |
| Zinc oxide | 3 parts of | 1 part of | 2 parts of | 2 parts of | 3 parts of |
| Magnesium oxide | 3 parts of | 1 part of | 2 parts of | 2 parts of | 3 parts of |
| Borax | 12 parts of | 6 parts of | 8 parts of | 10 parts of | 12 parts of |
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A daily ceramic product with transparent glaze consists of a base material and a glaze material and is characterized in that,
the tyre material consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of kaolin, 15-23 parts of quartz, 20-25 parts of potassium feldspar, 12-16 parts of clay, 10-20 parts of bentonite and 2-6 parts of talcum;
the glaze consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-16 parts of potassium feldspar, 10-20 parts of calcite, 10-24 parts of albite, 3-13 parts of kaolin, 1-5 parts of calcined talcum, 5-20 parts of quartz, 5-10 parts of limestone, 1-3 parts of zinc oxide, 1-3 parts of magnesium oxide and 6-12 parts of borax;
the preparation method of the transparent glaze domestic ceramic product comprises the following steps:
step 1, respectively weighing and crushing the tire materials according to the weight ratio, putting the crushed tire materials into a ball mill, adding water for wet grinding, sieving the wet ground slurry through a 200-300 mesh sieve, removing iron through a magnetic separator, and then press-filtering the slurry into mud cakes with a hydraulic mud press, wherein the water content of the mud cakes is 25-35% for later use;
the weight ratio of water added during wet grinding of the tire materials is as follows: ball: water=1:1.8-2.2:0.9-1.4, and ball milling time is 22-26 h;
step 2, shaping the mud cake in the step 1 into a blank, and trimming, bonding and engraving the blank to form a fine blank after the blank is semi-dried;
step 3, airing the fine embryo, putting the fine embryo into a kiln, performing biscuit firing for 4-6 hours at 680-780 ℃, naturally cooling the kiln temperature to 50-80 ℃, and taking the fine embryo out of the kiln to obtain a green embryo;
step 4, respectively weighing and crushing the glaze according to the weight ratio, putting the crushed glaze into a ball mill, adding water into the ball mill, performing ball milling, and sieving the wet-milled glaze slurry through a 250-325 mesh sieve for later use;
the weight ratio of water added during wet grinding of the glaze is as follows: ball: water=1:1.5-2.5:1.0-1.3, and the ball milling time is 26-32 h;
step 5, soaking the green tyre obtained in the step 3 into the glaze slurry obtained in the step 4, taking out the green tyre when the glaze attached to the surface reaches 1.2-2.0 mm thickness, and trimming bubbles and uneven parts on the glaze layer on the surface of the green tyre;
step 6, placing the biscuit with the finished glaze layer into a kiln for sintering at 1120-1220 ℃;
the sintering process specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) placing the glazed biscuit into a kiln, and heating in an oxidizing atmosphere to uniformly raise the temperature to 800 ℃ for 5-8 hours;
(2) in a reducing atmosphere, uniformly raising the temperature to 1120-1220 ℃ in 4-8 hours;
(3) and (3) in an oxidizing atmosphere, preserving heat for 1-2 hours, and then annealing and rapidly cooling to room temperature to obtain the aluminum alloy.
2. The transparent glazed ceramic product according to claim 1, which is composed of a base material and a glaze material, and is characterized in that,
the tyre material consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 28 parts of kaolin, 20 parts of quartz, 20 parts of potassium feldspar, 15 parts of clay, 15 parts of bentonite and 3 parts of talcum;
the glaze consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 16 parts of potassium feldspar, 20 parts of calcite, 22 parts of albite, 11 parts of kaolin, 4 parts of calcined talcum, 8 parts of quartz, 7 parts of limestone, 3 parts of zinc oxide, 3 parts of magnesium oxide and 12 parts of borax.
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