CN112707717A - High-strength medium-temperature crack glaze ceramic product and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength medium-temperature crack glaze ceramic product and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 235000015895 biscuits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052656 albite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L barium(2+);oxomethanediolate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][14C]([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006148 magnetic separator Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 abstract description 3
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium carbonate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]C([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000019646 color tone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010494 opalescence Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus decaoxide Chemical compound O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007542 hardness measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009377 nuclear transmutation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013112 stability test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
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- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
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- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
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- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
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Abstract
The invention provides a high-strength medium-temperature crack glaze ceramic product, which comprises a matrix material and a glaze material, wherein the matrix material comprises the following raw materials: kaolin, quartz, potash feldspar, clay, talc and ceramic micropowder; the glaze comprises the following raw materials: potassium feldspar, albite, kaolin, dolomite, quartz, barium carbonate, zinc oxide, copper oxide, aluminum oxide, ground calcium carbonate and plant ash. The manufacturing method of the high-strength medium-temperature crack glaze ceramic product comprises the following steps: mixing the base material and glaze material respectively, adding water, wet grinding with a ball mill, and sieving to obtain base material slurry and glaze slurry; preparing green body biscuit firing from the tire slurry; glazing; and (5) firing. The ceramic product prepared by the invention under the intermediate temperature firing has short firing time and low temperature, thereby having low energy consumption, high yield and reduced production cost; meanwhile, the glaze has very special cracking, uniform and clear lines and is fully distributed on the surface of the device, thereby giving people a special aesthetic feeling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ceramics, and particularly relates to a high-strength medium-temperature crack glaze ceramic product and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The generation of cracked glaze, like the transmutation fancy glaze, is also initially incidental. The cracking of the glaze is originally a defect in firing, but when the glaze of certain products is very special, uniform and clear in lines and fully distributed on the surface of the sleeve, a special aesthetic feeling is given to people, so that people are inspired from the cracking, experience is summarized, cracks on the sleeve surface are caused consciously, and cracked glaze is gradually created. The glaze surface is distributed with a plurality of small cracks, the grains are sparse and dense, the grains are thick and fine, the grains have long, short, curved and straight lengths, the grains are like cracks, like crab claws, like brocade and like water grains, and the grains with the shapes, colors and lines form an unique flavor decoration on the surface of the porcelain.
The crack glaze is produced because the expansion coefficient of the glaze is larger than that of the blank, and the glaze surface generates larger tensile stress in the cooling process, so that a plurality of cracks are formed on the glaze surface. Generally, the method is divided into a filling type and a covering type. In the former, the cracks of the fired glaze are filled with substances such as soot, ink and the like, so that the lines have brown, black and other color tones. The latter is that the product is first painted with ground color glaze, and after being sintered, the product is covered with color glaze, and after being calcined, the covered color glaze shows crack and the color of the ground glaze is exposed.
During general glaze firing, the glaze firing is performed at low temperature of about 1100 ℃, the firing at medium temperature of about 1200 ℃ and the firing at high temperature of 1300 ℃, and the crack glaze makes corresponding products favored by many consumers with unique crack effect, but on one hand, the glaze effect of the existing crack glaze ceramic product is unstable, and the glaze effect is single, and the variety is monotonous; on the other hand, the ceramic is not high in strength and is easy to break. Thereby being unable to meet the requirements of consumers with different personalities; in addition, most of the conventional crackle glazes have long firing time, high firing temperature, more fuel consumption required by production, relatively low production efficiency and high production cost.
In recent years, cracking glaze processes have been explored, such as "a cracking glaze and a preparation process" disclosed in the Chinese patent application No. 201510533662.X, "a cracking glaze and a preparation process" disclosed in the Chinese patent application No. 201510778154.8, "a low-temperature cracking glaze and a preparation method thereof" disclosed in the Chinese patent application No. 201610174693.5, the crack glaze manufacturing method only has the formula and the preparation method of the glaze material, and does not have the formula and the preparation method of the base material, the crack glaze is formed according to the difference between the thermal expansion coefficients of the glaze material and the base material, whether the molding is carried out or not is greatly related to the base material, and not only is the problem of the glaze, but also the cracks generated when the same glaze is applied to different base materials are different, the larger the difference of the thermal expansion coefficients of the glaze and the base material is, the better the crack effect is, therefore, the high-quality crack glaze ceramic product can be manufactured by combining the base material and the glaze material.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the prior art, the invention aims to provide a high-strength medium-temperature crack glaze ceramic product and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the product has high strength, is not easy to crack, has good glaze opacification, is translucent, firm and dense, has a uniform glaze layer, has very special crack on the glaze, has uniform and clear lines, is fully distributed on the surface of the ceramic product, and gives people a special aesthetic feeling.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the high-strength medium-temperature crack glaze ceramic product comprises a padding material and a glaze material, and is characterized in that the padding material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-35 parts of kaolin, 20-25 parts of quartz, 15-20 parts of potassium feldspar, 12-16 parts of clay, 2-6 parts of talc and 10-15 parts of ceramic micro powder; the glaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-35 parts of potassium feldspar, 30-35 parts of albite, 8-12 parts of kaolin, 4-8 parts of dolomite, 4-8 parts of quartz, 1-3 parts of barium carbonate, 1-5 parts of zinc oxide, 1-5 parts of copper oxide, 1-5 parts of aluminum oxide, 1-5 parts of ground limestone and 3-8 parts of plant ash.
In order to better realize the invention, the tyre material further comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 32 parts of kaolin, 24 parts of quartz, 16 parts of potassium feldspar, 13 parts of clay, 14 parts of ceramic micro powder and 4 parts of talc; the glaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 32 parts of potassium feldspar, 32 parts of albite, 10 parts of kaolin, 7 parts of dolomite, 7 parts of quartz, 1 part of barium carbonate, 3 parts of zinc oxide, 3 parts of copper oxide, 3 parts of aluminum oxide, 3 parts of ground limestone and 5 parts of plant ash.
The invention also provides a method for manufacturing the high-strength medium-temperature crack glaze ceramic product, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, weighing and crushing the base materials according to the weight ratio, putting the crushed base materials into a ball mill, adding water, carrying out wet grinding, allowing slurry subjected to wet grinding to pass through a 200-mesh sieve, removing iron by a magnetic separator, and carrying out filter pressing by a hydraulic press to obtain a mud cake, wherein the water content of the mud cake is 20-30% for later use;
step 2, making the mud cakes obtained in the step 1 into blanks according to modeling, and trimming, bonding, carving and the like after the blanks are half-dried to obtain fine blanks;
step 3, airing the fine blank, then putting the fine blank into a kiln, biscuiting the fine blank for 4-8 hours at 740-780 ℃, naturally cooling the kiln to 40-60 ℃, and then taking the fine blank out of the kiln to obtain a biscuit;
step 4, weighing glaze materials according to the weight ratio, grinding the glaze materials, putting the ground glaze materials into a ball mill, adding water into the ball mill, carrying out ball milling, and enabling glaze slurry subjected to wet milling to pass through a 325-mesh sieve for later use;
step 5, immersing the biscuit blank obtained in the step 3 into the glaze slip obtained in the step 4, taking out the biscuit blank when the thickness of glaze attached to the surface of the biscuit blank reaches 1.5-2.5 mm, and finishing bubbles and uneven parts on a glaze layer on the surface of the biscuit blank;
and 6, putting the biscuit with the trimmed glaze layer into a kiln for sintering at the sintering temperature of 1150-1200 ℃.
In order to better implement the invention, further, in step 1, the weight ratio of water added during wet grinding of the tire material is as follows: ball: water is 1: 1.8-2.2: 0.5-0.7, and the ball milling time is 24-30 h.
In order to better implement the invention, further, the weight ratio of water added during wet grinding of glaze in the step 4 is as follows: ball: the water accounts for 1: 2.0-2.5: 0.4-0.7, and the ball milling time is 36-48 h.
In order to better implement the present invention, the firing process in step 6 specifically includes the following steps:
putting the glazed biscuit into a kiln, and heating in an oxidizing atmosphere to uniformly raise the temperature to 900 ℃ within 8-12 hours;
uniformly raising the temperature to 1150-1200 ℃ in a reducing atmosphere for 3-6 h;
and thirdly, preserving heat for 2-4 hours in an oxidizing atmosphere, and then annealing and rapidly cooling to room temperature to obtain the catalyst.
Advantageous effects
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the high-strength medium-temperature crack glaze ceramic product provided by the invention, kaolin, quartz, potash feldspar, clay, ceramic micro powder and talc are used as blank forming raw materials, and the kaolin and the quartz are used as main blank forming raw materials, so that the blank raw materials are easier to shape, and the shaped blank has certain dry strength and is not easy to deform and crack under the influence of external force; the potash feldspar can play a role of barren raw materials before firing, reduce the drying shrinkage and deformation of a blank, improve the drying performance, shorten the drying time, and can be used as a fusing agent to reduce the firing temperature and promote the quartz and kaolin to be fused during firing; the clay improves the plasticity of the blank raw material, so that the shaped blank has high density and high viscosity, and the shaped blank can not deform, crack or fall off after being combined with quartz; the ceramic micro powder is used for reducing the thermal expansion coefficient of the matrix, so that the difference value of the thermal expansion coefficients of the matrix and the glaze is increased, and crack glaze can be well formed; the talc improves the density of the green body, and the sound of the surface of the ceramic product is crisp after the ceramic product is fired, so that the quality of the fired ceramic product is improved.
(2) The high-strength medium-temperature crack glaze ceramic product provided by the invention uses potassium feldspar, albite, kaolin, dolomite, quartz, zinc oxide, barium carbonate, copper oxide, aluminum oxide, heavy calcium carbonate and plant ash as glaze layer raw materials, and the potassium feldspar and the albite as fluxing agents, so that the breakage of high-melting-point crystal chemical bonds and the formation of eutectic can be accelerated, the melting temperature of glaze can be sharply reduced, and the expansion coefficient can be remarkably improved; the kaolin is used as a plastic raw material, so that the glaze has good suspension property and stability and can be well spread on the surface of a blank; quartz is the main component forming the glass phase in the glaze; dolomite, zinc oxide, copper oxide and aluminum oxide are used as a glaze and a fluxing agent, so that the melting temperature of the glaze and the viscosity of the glaze can be reduced, the fluidity and the expansion coefficient of the glaze are improved, the sintering temperature is reduced, the glossiness and the flexibility are improved, and the performance is excellent; calcium carbonate and barium carbonate can further improve the color uniformity of the glaze surface; meanwhile, plant ash is added, phosphorus pentoxide is introduced, opalescence of the glaze color is increased, and the glaze color is in an opalescent state; after the raw materials are combined, the fired ceramic product has soft and elegant glaze color, bright and smooth enamel, solid and dense enamel, good opalescence of the glaze surface, uniform glaze layer, natural splitting and stable hand feeling, thereby preparing the high-strength medium-temperature crack glaze ceramic product.
(3) The high-strength medium-temperature crack glaze ceramic product provided by the invention has the advantages that the raw materials of the green body and the raw materials of the glaze layer adopt different raw materials and proportions, the raw materials of the green body are mixed and ground, water is added to prepare green body pug, the green body is obtained through shaping, the green body is biscuit-fired at low temperature, glazing is carried out after biscuit-firing, and the glaze color is heavy after medium-temperature firing, if the temperature is higher, the glaze fluidity is high, and the thickness of the glaze layer is uneven; if the temperature is too low, the color tone becomes gray and the luster becomes unclear. By adjusting the proportion of the raw materials of the green body and the glaze layer, the green body and the glaze layer have different thermal expansion coefficients in the high-temperature firing process, the thermal expansion coefficient of the glaze is obviously greater than that of the green body, cracks can be directly generated due to the difference, the glaze is particularly cracked, lines are uniform and clear, and the glaze is fully distributed on the surface of the device, so that a particular aesthetic feeling is brought to people.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a high-strength medium-temperature crack glaze ceramic product, which comprises a padding material and a glaze material, wherein the padding material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of kaolin, 25 parts of quartz, 15 parts of potassium feldspar, 12 parts of clay, 2 parts of talc and 15 parts of ceramic micro powder; the glaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of potassium feldspar, 30 parts of albite, 12 parts of kaolin, 8 parts of dolomite, 8 parts of quartz, 1 part of barium carbonate, 1 part of zinc oxide, 1 part of copper oxide, 1 part of aluminum oxide, 1 part of ground limestone and 3 parts of plant ash.
The embodiment also provides a manufacturing method of the high-strength medium-temperature crack glaze ceramic product, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, weighing the base material according to the weight ratio, crushing, putting into a ball mill, adding water, carrying out wet milling, passing the slurry after wet milling through a 200-mesh sieve, wherein the weight ratio of the water added during wet milling of the base material is as follows: ball: water accounts for 1:1.8:0.5, the ball milling time is 30 hours, iron is removed through a magnetic separator, and then the mixture is pressed into a mud cake through a hydraulic mud press, wherein the water content of the mud cake is 20-30% for later use;
step 2, making the mud cakes obtained in the step 1 into blanks according to modeling, and trimming, bonding, carving and the like after the blanks are half-dried to obtain fine blanks;
step 3, airing the fine blank, putting the fine blank into a kiln, biscuiting the fine blank for 8 hours at 740 ℃, naturally cooling the kiln to 40 ℃, and taking the fine blank out of the kiln to obtain a biscuit;
step 4, respectively weighing glaze according to the weight ratio, crushing, putting into a ball mill, adding water for ball milling, wherein the weight ratio of the water added during glaze wet milling is as follows: ball: water is 1:2.0:0.4, the ball milling time is 48 hours, and the glaze slurry after wet milling passes through a 325-mesh sieve for later use;
step 5, immersing the biscuit blank obtained in the step 3 into the glaze slip obtained in the step 4, taking out the biscuit blank when the thickness of glaze attached to the surface of the biscuit blank reaches 1.5-2.5 mm, and finishing bubbles and uneven parts on a glaze layer on the surface of the biscuit blank; specifically, the thickness of the glaze layer on the surface of the glazed blank is 1.5 mm;
step 6, placing the biscuit with the trimmed glaze layer into a kiln for firing, and raising the temperature in an oxidizing atmosphere to 900 ℃ uniformly within 8 hours; under the reducing atmosphere, the temperature is uniformly raised to 1200 ℃ within 6 h; and (3) keeping the temperature for 2 hours in an oxidizing atmosphere, then annealing and rapidly cooling to room temperature to obtain the catalyst.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a high-strength medium-temperature crack glaze ceramic product, which comprises a padding material and a glaze material, wherein the padding material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 32 parts of kaolin, 24 parts of quartz, 16 parts of potassium feldspar, 13 parts of clay, 14 parts of ceramic micro powder and 4 parts of talc; the glaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 32 parts of potassium feldspar, 32 parts of albite, 10 parts of kaolin, 7 parts of dolomite, 7 parts of quartz, 1 part of barium carbonate, 3 parts of zinc oxide, 3 parts of copper oxide, 3 parts of aluminum oxide, 3 parts of ground limestone and 5 parts of plant ash.
The embodiment also provides a manufacturing method of the high-strength medium-temperature crack glaze ceramic product, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, weighing the base material according to the weight ratio, crushing, putting into a ball mill, adding water, carrying out wet milling, passing the slurry after wet milling through a 200-mesh sieve, wherein the weight ratio of the water added during wet milling of the base material is as follows: ball: water accounts for 1:2.0:0.5, the ball milling time is 30 hours, iron is removed through a magnetic separator, then the mixture is pressed and filtered into mud cakes through a hydraulic mud press, and the water content of the mud cakes is 20-30% for later use;
step 2, making the mud cakes obtained in the step 1 into blanks according to modeling, and trimming, bonding, carving and the like after the blanks are half-dried to obtain fine blanks;
step 3, airing the fine blank, putting the fine blank into a kiln, biscuiting the fine blank for 6 hours at 750 ℃, naturally cooling the kiln to 45 ℃, and taking the fine blank out of the kiln to obtain a biscuit;
step 4, respectively weighing glaze according to the weight ratio, crushing, putting into a ball mill, adding water for ball milling, wherein the weight ratio of the water added during glaze wet milling is as follows: ball: water is 1:2.2:0.5, the ball milling time is 45 hours, and the glaze slurry after wet milling passes through a 325-mesh sieve for later use;
step 5, immersing the biscuit blank obtained in the step 3 into the glaze slip obtained in the step 4, taking out the biscuit blank when the thickness of glaze attached to the surface of the biscuit blank reaches 1.5-2.5 mm, and finishing bubbles and uneven parts on a glaze layer on the surface of the biscuit blank; specifically, the thickness of the glaze layer on the surface of the glazed blank is 1.8 mm;
step 6, placing the biscuit with the trimmed glaze layer into a kiln for firing, and raising the temperature in an oxidizing atmosphere to 900 ℃ uniformly within 9 hours; under the reducing atmosphere, the temperature is uniformly increased to 1180 ℃ within 6 hours; and (3) keeping the temperature for 3 hours in an oxidizing atmosphere, then annealing and rapidly cooling to room temperature to obtain the catalyst.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a high-strength medium-temperature crack glaze ceramic product, which comprises a padding material and a glaze material, wherein the padding material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 33 parts of kaolin, 23 parts of quartz, 18 parts of potassium feldspar, 14 parts of clay, 4 parts of talc and 13 parts of ceramic micro powder; the glaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 34 parts of potassium feldspar, 34 parts of albite, 9 parts of kaolin, 6 parts of dolomite, 6 parts of quartz, 2 parts of barium carbonate, 3 parts of zinc oxide, 3 parts of copper oxide, 3 parts of aluminum oxide, 3 parts of ground limestone and 6 parts of plant ash.
The embodiment also provides a manufacturing method of the high-strength medium-temperature crack glaze ceramic product, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, weighing the base material according to the weight ratio, crushing, putting into a ball mill, adding water, carrying out wet milling, passing the slurry after wet milling through a 200-mesh sieve, wherein the weight ratio of the water added during wet milling of the base material is as follows: ball: water accounts for 1:2.0:0.6, the ball milling time is 28 hours, iron is removed through a magnetic separator, then the mixture is pressed and filtered into mud cakes through a hydraulic mud press, and the water content of the mud cakes is 20-30% for later use;
step 2, making the mud cakes obtained in the step 1 into blanks according to modeling, and trimming, bonding, carving and the like after the blanks are half-dried to obtain fine blanks;
step 3, airing the fine blank, putting the fine blank into a kiln, biscuiting the fine blank for 6 hours at 760 ℃, naturally cooling the kiln to 50 ℃, and taking the fine blank out of the kiln to obtain a biscuit;
step 4, respectively weighing glaze according to the weight ratio, crushing, putting into a ball mill, adding water for ball milling, wherein the weight ratio of the water added during glaze wet milling is as follows: ball: water is 1:2.2:0.6, the ball milling time is 40h, and the glaze slurry after wet milling passes through a 325-mesh sieve for later use;
step 5, immersing the biscuit blank obtained in the step 3 into the glaze slip obtained in the step 4, taking out the biscuit blank when the thickness of glaze attached to the surface of the biscuit blank reaches 1.5-2.5 mm, and finishing bubbles and uneven parts on a glaze layer on the surface of the biscuit blank; specifically, the thickness of the glaze layer on the surface of the glazed blank is 2.0 mm;
step 6, placing the biscuit with the trimmed glaze layer into a kiln for firing, and raising the temperature in an oxidizing atmosphere to 900 ℃ uniformly within 10 hours; uniformly raising the temperature to 1150 ℃ in a reducing atmosphere for 5 hours; and (3) keeping the temperature for 4 hours in an oxidizing atmosphere, then annealing and rapidly cooling to room temperature to obtain the catalyst.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a high-strength medium-temperature crack glaze ceramic product, which comprises a padding material and a glaze material, wherein the padding material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 34 parts of kaolin, 22 parts of quartz, 19 parts of potassium feldspar, 15 parts of clay, 5 parts of talc and 12 parts of ceramic micro powder; the glaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 34 parts of potassium feldspar, 34 parts of albite, 9 parts of kaolin, 5 parts of dolomite, 5 parts of quartz, 2 parts of barium carbonate, 4 parts of zinc oxide, 4 parts of copper oxide, 4 parts of aluminum oxide, 4 parts of ground limestone and 6 parts of plant ash.
The embodiment also provides a manufacturing method of the high-strength medium-temperature crack glaze ceramic product, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, weighing the base material according to the weight ratio, crushing, putting into a ball mill, adding water, carrying out wet milling, passing the slurry after wet milling through a 200-mesh sieve, wherein the weight ratio of the water added during wet milling of the base material is as follows: ball: water accounts for 1:2.0:0.6, the ball milling time is 26 hours, iron is removed through a magnetic separator, then the mixture is pressed and filtered into mud cakes through a hydraulic mud press, and the water content of the mud cakes is 20-30% for later use;
step 2, making the mud cakes obtained in the step 1 into blanks according to modeling, and trimming, bonding, carving and the like after the blanks are half-dried to obtain fine blanks;
step 3, airing the fine blank, putting the fine blank into a kiln, biscuiting the fine blank for 4 hours at 770 ℃, naturally cooling the kiln to 55 ℃, and taking the fine blank out of the kiln to obtain a biscuit;
step 4, respectively weighing glaze according to the weight ratio, crushing, putting into a ball mill, adding water for ball milling, wherein the weight ratio of the water added during glaze wet milling is as follows: ball: water is 1:2.5:0.6, the ball milling time is 38 hours, and the glaze slurry after wet milling passes through a 325-mesh sieve for later use;
step 5, immersing the biscuit blank obtained in the step 3 into the glaze slip obtained in the step 4, taking out the biscuit blank when the thickness of glaze attached to the surface of the biscuit blank reaches 1.5-2.5 mm, and finishing bubbles and uneven parts on a glaze layer on the surface of the biscuit blank; specifically, the thickness of the glaze layer on the surface of the glazed blank is 2.2 mm;
step 6, placing the biscuit with the trimmed glaze layer into a kiln for firing, and raising the temperature in an oxidizing atmosphere to 900 ℃ uniformly within 11 hours; uniformly raising the temperature to 1160 ℃ in a reducing atmosphere for 5 hours; and (3) keeping the temperature for 3 hours in an oxidizing atmosphere, then annealing and rapidly cooling to room temperature to obtain the catalyst.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a high-strength medium-temperature crack glaze ceramic product, which comprises a padding material and a glaze material, wherein the padding material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of kaolin, 20 parts of quartz, 20 parts of potassium feldspar, 16 parts of clay, 6 parts of talc and 10 parts of ceramic micro powder; the glaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of potassium feldspar, 35 parts of albite, 8 parts of kaolin, 4 parts of dolomite, 4 parts of quartz, 3 parts of barium carbonate, 5 parts of zinc oxide, 5 parts of copper oxide, 5 parts of aluminum oxide, 5 parts of ground limestone and 8 parts of plant ash.
The embodiment also provides a manufacturing method of the high-strength medium-temperature crack glaze ceramic product, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, weighing the base material according to the weight ratio, crushing, putting into a ball mill, adding water, carrying out wet milling, passing the slurry after wet milling through a 200-mesh sieve, wherein the weight ratio of the water added during wet milling of the base material is as follows: ball: water accounts for 1:2.2:0.7, the ball milling time is 24 hours, iron is removed through a magnetic separator, then the mixture is pressed and filtered into mud cakes through a hydraulic mud press, and the water content of the mud cakes is 20-30% for later use;
step 2, making the mud cakes obtained in the step 1 into blanks according to modeling, and trimming, bonding, carving and the like after the blanks are half-dried to obtain fine blanks;
step 3, airing the fine blank, putting the fine blank into a kiln, biscuiting the fine blank for 4 hours at 780 ℃, naturally cooling the kiln to 60 ℃, and taking the fine blank out of the kiln to obtain a biscuit;
step 4, respectively weighing glaze according to the weight ratio, crushing, putting into a ball mill, adding water for ball milling, wherein the weight ratio of the water added during glaze wet milling is as follows: ball: water is 1:2.5:0.7, the ball milling time is 36h, and the glaze slurry after wet milling passes through a 325-mesh sieve for later use;
step 5, immersing the biscuit blank obtained in the step 3 into the glaze slip obtained in the step 4, taking out the biscuit blank when the thickness of glaze attached to the surface of the biscuit blank reaches 1.5-2.5 mm, and finishing bubbles and uneven parts on a glaze layer on the surface of the biscuit blank; specifically, the thickness of the glaze layer on the surface of the glazed blank is 2.5 mm;
step 6, placing the biscuit with the trimmed glaze layer into a kiln for firing, and raising the temperature in an oxidizing atmosphere to 900 ℃ uniformly within 12 hours; under the reducing atmosphere, the temperature is uniformly increased to 1180 ℃ within 3 hours; and (3) keeping the temperature for 3 hours in an oxidizing atmosphere, then annealing and rapidly cooling to room temperature to obtain the catalyst.
The raw materials used for the high strength medium temperature cracked glaze ceramic articles provided in examples 1 to 5 above are shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1 raw materials and parts by weight
| Blank raw material | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Example 5 |
| Kaolin clay | 30 portions of | 32 portions of | 33 portions of | 34 portions of | 35 portions of |
| Quartz | 25 portions of | 24 portions of | 23 portions of | 22 portions of | 20 portions of |
| Potassium feldspar | 15 portions of | 16 portions of | 18 portions of | 19 portions of | 20 portions of |
| Clay clay | 12 portions of | 13 portions of | 14 portions of | 15 portions of | 16 portions of |
| Ceramic micropowder | 15 portions of | 14 portions of | 13 portions of | 12 portions of | 10 portions of |
| Talc | 2 portions of | 4 portions of | 4 portions of | 5 portions of | 6 portions of |
| Raw material for glaze layer | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Example 5 |
| Potassium feldspar | 30 portions of | 32 portions of | 34 portions of | 34 portions of | 35 portions of |
| Albite | 30 portions of | 32 portions of | 34 portions of | 34 portions of | 35 portions of |
| Kaolin clay | 12 portions of | 10 portions of | 9 portions of | 9 portions of | 8 portions of |
| Dolomite | 8 portions of | 7 portions of | 6 portions of | 5 portions of | 4 portions of |
| Quartz | 8 portions of | 7 portions of | 6 portions of | 5 portions of | 4 portions of |
| Barium carbonate | 1 part of | 1 part of | 2 portions of | 2 portions of | 3 portions of |
| Zinc oxide | 1 part of | 3 portions of | 3 portions of | 4 portions of | 5 portions of |
| Copper oxide | 1 part of | 3 portions of | 3 portions of | 4 portions of | 5 portions of |
| Calcium carbonate | 1 part of | 3 portions of | 3 portions of | 4 portions of | 5 portions of |
| Alumina oxide | 1 part of | 3 portions of | 3 portions of | 4 portions of | 5 portions of |
| Plant ash | 3 portions of | 5 portions of | 6 portions of | 6 portions of | 8 portions of |
The high strength medium temperature cracked glaze ceramic articles prepared in examples 1 to 5 above were tested for bulk density, hardness, gloss, and thermal stability as follows:
bulk density test: the volume density of the fragments of the red glaze daily ceramic product is tested according to the national standard 'test method for the apparent porosity and the volume density of a ceramic blank' (QB/T1642-2012).
And (3) hardness testing: the Vickers hardness is tested by using a diamond indenter loading and pressing method, namely, a diamond pyramid with a diagonal surface of 136 degrees is used as an indenter, the indenter is pressed into the surface of the ceramic under the load action of 9.807-490.3 (1-50 kgf), the load is removed after the indenter is kept for a certain time, an indentation is left on the surface of the material, the length of the diagonal line of the indentation and the area of the indentation are measured, and the load-stress born on a unit area, namely the Vickers hardness HV, is solved, wherein the higher the numerical value is, the higher the hardness is.
And (3) testing the glossiness: the test was carried out according to the specifications of the national standard GB/T3295-1996 test method for 45 ℃ specular gloss in ceramics, using a gloss meter.
And (3) testing thermal stability: taking 5 high-strength medium-temperature crack glaze ceramic product fragments as samples, placing the samples at 280 ℃ for heat preservation for 300 minutes, taking out the samples after the heat preservation is finished, performing accounting, putting the samples into water with the temperature of 20 ℃ within 15s at a rapid speed, and soaking the samples for 10 minutes, wherein the weight ratio of the water to the weight of the samples is 8: 1, the water surface is 25mm higher than the sample, the sample is taken out and wiped by cloth, red ink is coated on the sample, whether cracks exist or not is checked, and the check is carried out once again after 24 hours, so that the fewer cracks are generated, and the better the thermal stability of the sample is.
The results obtained by the tests are shown in the following table 2:
TABLE 2 test results
| Test results | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Example 5 |
| Bulk density g/cm2 | 3.21 | 3.32 | 3.23 | 3.15 | 3.16 |
| Vickers hardness HV | 3680 | 3780 | 3750 | 3730 | 3710 |
| Degree of gloss | 115 | 123 | 120 | 114 | 109 |
| Thermal stability test | Without cracks | Without cracks | Without cracks | Without cracks | Without cracks |
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The high-strength medium-temperature crack glaze ceramic product comprises a padding material and a glaze material, and is characterized in that the padding material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-35 parts of kaolin, 20-25 parts of quartz, 15-20 parts of potassium feldspar, 12-16 parts of clay, 2-6 parts of talc and 10-15 parts of ceramic micro powder; the glaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-35 parts of potassium feldspar, 30-35 parts of albite, 8-12 parts of kaolin, 4-8 parts of dolomite, 4-8 parts of quartz, 1-3 parts of barium carbonate, 1-5 parts of zinc oxide, 1-5 parts of copper oxide, 1-5 parts of aluminum oxide, 1-5 parts of ground limestone and 3-8 parts of plant ash.
2. The high-strength medium-temperature crack glaze ceramic product of claim 1, wherein the matrix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 32 parts of kaolin, 24 parts of quartz, 16 parts of potassium feldspar, 13 parts of clay, 14 parts of ceramic micro powder and 4 parts of talc; the glaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 32 parts of potassium feldspar, 32 parts of albite, 10 parts of kaolin, 7 parts of dolomite, 7 parts of quartz, 1 part of barium carbonate, 3 parts of zinc oxide, 3 parts of copper oxide, 3 parts of aluminum oxide, 3 parts of ground limestone and 5 parts of plant ash.
3. A method for manufacturing a high-strength medium-temperature-cracked glaze ceramic product according to claim 1 or 2, which comprises the steps of:
step 1, weighing and crushing the base materials according to the weight ratio, putting the crushed base materials into a ball mill, adding water, carrying out wet grinding, allowing slurry subjected to wet grinding to pass through a 200-mesh sieve, removing iron by a magnetic separator, and carrying out filter pressing by a hydraulic press to obtain a mud cake, wherein the water content of the mud cake is 20-30% for later use;
step 2, making the mud cakes obtained in the step 1 into blanks according to modeling, and trimming, bonding, carving and the like after the blanks are half-dried to obtain fine blanks;
step 3, airing the fine blank, then putting the fine blank into a kiln, biscuiting the fine blank for 4-8 hours at 740-780 ℃, naturally cooling the kiln to 40-60 ℃, and then taking the fine blank out of the kiln to obtain a biscuit;
step 4, weighing glaze materials according to the weight ratio, grinding the glaze materials, putting the ground glaze materials into a ball mill, adding water into the ball mill, carrying out ball milling, and enabling glaze slurry subjected to wet milling to pass through a 325-mesh sieve for later use;
step 5, immersing the biscuit blank obtained in the step 3 into the glaze slip obtained in the step 4, taking out the biscuit blank when the thickness of glaze attached to the surface of the biscuit blank reaches 1.5-2.5 mm, and finishing bubbles and uneven parts on a glaze layer on the surface of the biscuit blank;
and 6, putting the biscuit with the trimmed glaze layer into a kiln for sintering at the sintering temperature of 1150-1200 ℃.
4. The method for manufacturing a high-strength medium-temperature crack glaze ceramic product according to claim 3, wherein the weight ratio of water added during wet grinding of the matrix material in the step 1 is as follows: ball: water =1: 1.8-2.2: 0.5-0.7, and the ball milling time is 24-30 h.
5. The method for manufacturing a high-strength medium-temperature crack glaze ceramic product according to claim 3, wherein the weight ratio of water added during wet grinding of glaze in the step 4 is as follows: ball: water =1: 2.0-2.5: 0.4-0.7, and the ball milling time is 36-48 h.
6. The method for manufacturing the high-strength medium-temperature crack glaze ceramic product according to claim 3, wherein the firing process in the step 6 specifically comprises the following steps:
putting the glazed biscuit into a kiln, and heating in an oxidizing atmosphere to uniformly raise the temperature to 900 ℃ within 8-12 hours;
uniformly raising the temperature to 1150-1200 ℃ in a reducing atmosphere for 3-6 h;
and thirdly, preserving heat for 2-4 hours in an oxidizing atmosphere, and then annealing and rapidly cooling to room temperature to obtain the catalyst.
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| CN114773033A (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-07-22 | 福建省德化县宝瑞陶瓷有限公司 | Domestic ceramic product of transparent glaze and preparation method thereof |
| CN114804831A (en) * | 2022-04-24 | 2022-07-29 | 福建省德化县晖德陶瓷有限公司 | Low-temperature crack glaze ceramic product and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN112279513A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-01-29 | 华宁县宁州舒氏陶艺有限责任公司 | Secret color glaze and preparation method thereof |
| CN114105559A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-03-01 | 石家庄铁道大学 | Green non-fired high-temperature-resistant cement-based material and preparation and detection methods thereof |
| CN114804831A (en) * | 2022-04-24 | 2022-07-29 | 福建省德化县晖德陶瓷有限公司 | Low-temperature crack glaze ceramic product and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN114773033B (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2023-10-20 | 福建省德化县宝瑞陶瓷有限公司 | Daily ceramic product with transparent glaze and preparation method thereof |
| CN114873989A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-08-09 | 李刘旒 | Crystal ice crack porcelain and preparation method thereof |
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