CN110256042A - The anti-folding heatproof and shockproof ceramic blank of one kind, anti-folding heatproof and shockproof ceramic product and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
The anti-folding heatproof and shockproof ceramic blank of one kind, anti-folding heatproof and shockproof ceramic product and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of anti-folding heatproof and shockproof ceramic blanks, anti-folding heatproof and shockproof ceramic product and preparation method thereof, belong to field of ceramic preparation technology.The ceramic batch includes kaolin, sodium lignin sulfonate, zirconium nitride, clay, niobium pentoxide, fluxing material, magnesium aluminate spinel, mullite, albite, aluminium oxide, lithium bisilicate, its preparation process mixes the following steps are included: being put into ball mill after blank raw material is crushed, add after water for ball milling that freeze-drying to water content is 5-8% at a temperature of -23 DEG C, it places into the mold of press-forming machine, it is demoulded after hot pressing 35-40min, it is cooled to 30-40 DEG C, obtain green body, be put into drying box dry 2-3h after be put into kiln kiln roasting 12-18h to get.The ceramic made of blank of the present invention has the advantages that high mechanical strength, Resisting fractre, thermal shock resistance are strong.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of ceramic preparation technology, and in particular to the anti-folding heatproof and shockproof ceramic blank of one kind, anti-folding anti-thermal shock
Ceramic and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Big export country of the China as ceramic, by developing for a long time, ceramic manufacture craft is also continuous complete
Kind, good manufacture craft imparts a variety of different performances of ceramic, so that ceramic be made more to be used for people's
In life, production.Miscellaneous tableware, tea set are all seen everywhere the figure of ceramic, these ceramic not only beautiful outline forms
It sees, various shapes, while also having many advantages, such as easy cleaning, corrosion-resistant, be well received by consumers.
However market proposes requirement to other performances of ceramic now, with the superior ceramic system of manufacturing property
Product, such as the requirement of thermal shock resistance and fracture resistance, therefore in order to meet market needs, the raising research of correlated performance should
It is brought into schedule early.Meanwhile ceramic currently on the market haves the shortcomings that compressive resistance is low low with flexural strength,
It is easy to appear cracking phenomena under some external forces, shortens its service life, and improves the mechanical performance and heat of ceramic
Stability also becomes the shortcut for improving the anti-folding thermal shock resistance of ceramics.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of anti-folding heatproof and shockproof ceramic blank, anti-folding are anti-
Thermal shock ceramic and preparation method thereof.The ceramic of the method for the present invention preparation has high mechanical strength, Resisting fractre, anti-thermal shock
The strong advantage of property.
A kind of anti-folding heatproof and shockproof ceramic blank, including following raw material: 42-48 parts of kaolin, sodium lignin sulfonate 7-11 weight
Measure part, zirconium nitride 16-23 parts by weight, clay 15-18 parts by weight, niobium pentoxide 5-9 parts by weight, fluxing material 13-16 parts by weight, magnesium
Aluminate 21-23 parts by weight, mullite 11-14 parts by weight, albite 8-15 parts by weight, aluminium oxide 22-31 parts by weight, two silicon
Sour lithium 7-13 parts by weight.
Further, the sum of parts by weight of kaolin and aluminium oxide are greater than the 35% of raw material gross weight part.
Further, the fluxing material is mixed by calcium oxide and magnesia according to the ratio that weight ratio is 3:2.
A method of anti-folding heatproof and shockproof ceramic product, including following step are prepared with the anti-folding heatproof and shockproof ceramic blank
It is rapid:
Step 1 weighs after blank raw material crushes according to parts by weight and is put into ball mill and mixes, and blank raw material gross mass is added
The water of 30-45%, ball milling 12-15h, by the way that freeze-drying to water content is 5- at a temperature of -23 DEG C after 100-200 mesh
8%, obtain blank；
The resulting blank of step 1 is put into after press-forming machine die surface uniformly smears release agent and is pressed by step 2
In the mold of type machine, increase the pressure in press-forming machine to 280-300Mpa, and increase the temperature in press-forming machine extremely
It 550-700 DEG C, demoulds after hot pressing 35-40min, is cooled to 30-40 DEG C, obtains green body；
Green body after hot pressing is put into glazing in drying box after drying 2-3h by step 3；
Green body after glazing is put into kiln kiln roasting 12-18h by step 4, and firing temperature is 1530-1640 DEG C, is resisted
Roll over heatproof and shockproof ceramic product.
Further, compression rate is 18-20Mpa/min in the step 2.
Further, the drying temperature in the step 3 is 180-220 DEG C.
Further, the release agent in the step 2 be by methyl-silicone oil, polyethers and rosin acid according to mass ratio be 5:
The ratio of 2:3 mixes.
Beneficial effect
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
(1), the hardness and heat resistance of ceramic can be improved in the addition of zirconium nitride in the blank stock that uses of the present invention
Can, however since its fusing point is higher, very high firing temperature is needed, therefore be used as and help present invention employs calcium oxide and magnesia
Flux, can significantly lower the melting temperature of zirconium nitride, and can promote the melting of albite, generate feldspar vitreum and be filled in green body
Mullite grains between, keep green body fine and close and reduce gap, to improve the mechanical strength of ceramic；；Lignin sulfonic acid
Sodium can be reduced the moisture in green body as water-reducing agent to reduce its porosity after firing, so that the consistency of ceramics is improved,
Improve the resistance to fracture of ceramics；Niobium pentoxide has good chemical stability, corrosion resistance and catalytic and lower
Hot expansibility；Lithium bisilicate crystal is evenly distributed in glass matrix, is staggered, long rod-shaped lithium bisilicate Crystallization
Micro-structure is interlocked, this micro-structure has preferable effect in Anticrack and in terms of improving toughening, and can make material
Intensity and fracture toughness obviously increase, and in this configuration, crack propagation process is stopped by the lithium bisilicate crystal of club shaped structure,
Since crystal is high elastic modulus substance, crackle direction of advance can deviate.This change makes crack propagation largely disappear
Energy consumption, to play the purpose for improving ceramic batch mechanical strength；The kaolin that is used in raw material of the present invention and aluminium oxide
The sum of parts by weight are greater than the 35% of raw material gross weight part, it is ensured that the specific gravity of aluminium oxide in the feed obtains oxidation according to experiment
The content of aluminium has significant impact to dry body flexural strength, and the content of usual aluminium oxide is higher, and dry body flexural strength numerical value is higher.
(2), the present invention carries out plastotype to green body using press-forming machine, and simple production process is high-efficient, saves into
This；The present invention is when pressing blank using the pressure of 280-300Mpa, density, intensity, hole of the pressure to ceramic
The influence of the performances such as rate is more important than other factors, when in above-mentioned pressure limit, with the increase of pressure, and ceramic density
It is significant to increase, and be more than after this range density brought by the growth of pressure increase it is less obvious, this mainly by
In the state that the particle in mold is initially loosely-packed, it is subjected to displacement due to by ambient pressure, thus rearrange, it is tiny
Particle can fill the gap between bulky grain, make ceramics consistency be significantly improved, adopted in above-mentioned pressing process
It is 18-20Mpa/min with compression rate, compression rate also has larger impact to the performance of green body, if pressurization is too fast, in gap
Gas be just not easy to be completely exhausted out, and compression rate will lead to very much the reduction of productivity slowly；The present invention is adopted when preparing green body
It is freeze-dried with the temperature with -23 DEG C, moisture content can be effectively reduced, moisture content is strong to the machinery of green body and glaze
Degree has a significant impact, water content it is excessive then it is dry shrink it is big, it is just difficult to the control of size, and powder is easily and mold when forming
It sticks together, to influence the consistency of green body, water content is too small, and will affect the crushing performance of pelletizing, is unfavorable for obtaining
The strong green body of fracture resistance, freeze-drying can also enhance the adsorptivity of green body, be conducive to the molding of green body；Furthermore hot pressing casting process
The unstability for avoiding conventional sintering avoids micro-crack, improves mechanical stability, so that ceramic is had higher anti-folding strong
Degree.
(3), the present invention use by methyl-silicone oil, polyethers and rosin acid according to mass ratio for 5:2:3 ratio mix and
At release agent, it is therefore prevented that particle is under pressure and sticks in die surface, causes breakage.
Specific embodiment
Invention is further described in detail combined with specific embodiments below.
Embodiment 1
A method of preparing anti-folding heatproof and shockproof ceramic product, comprising the following steps:
Step 1, by 42 parts of kaolin, 7 parts by weight of sodium lignin sulfonate, 16 parts by weight of zirconium nitride, 15 parts by weight of clay, five
5 parts by weight of niobium oxide, 13 parts by weight of fluxing material, 21 parts by weight of magnesium aluminate spinel, 11 parts by weight of mullite, 8 parts by weight of albite,
It is put into ball mill and mixes after 22 parts by weight of aluminium oxide, 7 parts by weight of crushed of lithium bisilicate, blank raw material gross mass 30% is added
Water, ball milling 12h, it is logical sieve with 100 mesh sieve after at a temperature of -23 DEG C freeze-drying to water content be 5%, obtain blank, wherein institute
It states fluxing material and is mixed by calcium oxide and magnesia according to the ratio that weight ratio is 3:2；
Step 2 is uniformly smeared by methyl-silicone oil, polyethers and rosin acid in press-forming machine die surface according to mass ratio
The resulting blank of step 1 is put into the mold of press-forming machine after the release agent mixed for the ratio of 5:2:3, increases pressure
Pressure in molding machine processed increases the temperature in press-forming machine to 550 DEG C to 280Mpa, compression rate 18Mpa/min,
It is demoulded after hot pressing 35min, is cooled to 30 DEG C, obtains green body；
Green body after hot pressing is put into glazing after drying 2h in drying box by step 3, and drying temperature is 180 DEG C；
Green body after glazing is put into kiln kiln roasting 12h by step 4, and firing temperature is 1530 DEG C, obtains anti-folding anti-thermal shock
Ceramic.
Embodiment 2
The method for preparing anti-folding heatproof and shockproof ceramic product, comprising the following steps:
Step 1, by 44 parts of kaolin, 8 parts by weight of sodium lignin sulfonate, 18 parts by weight of zirconium nitride, 16 parts by weight of clay, five
6 parts by weight of niobium oxide, 14 parts by weight of fluxing material, 22 parts by weight of magnesium aluminate spinel, 12 parts by weight of mullite, 9 parts by weight of albite,
It is put into ball mill and mixes after 24 parts by weight of aluminium oxide, 8 parts by weight of crushed of lithium bisilicate, blank raw material gross mass 34% is added
Water, ball milling 13h, it is logical sieve with 100 mesh sieve after at a temperature of -23 DEG C freeze-drying to water content be 6%, obtain blank, wherein institute
It states fluxing material and is mixed by calcium oxide and magnesia according to the ratio that weight ratio is 3:2；
Step 2 is uniformly smeared by methyl-silicone oil, polyethers and rosin acid in press-forming machine die surface according to mass ratio
After the release agent mixed for the ratio of 5:2:3, the resulting blank of step 1 is put into the mold of press-forming machine, is increased
Pressure in press-forming machine increases the temperature in press-forming machine to 560 to 285Mpa, compression rate 19Mpa/min
DEG C, it is demoulded after hot pressing 36min, is cooled to 32 DEG C, obtains green body；
Green body after hot pressing is put into drying box after drying 2h by step 3, and glazing, drying temperature is 190 DEG C；
Green body after glazing is put into kiln kiln roasting 13h by step 4, and firing temperature is 1580 DEG C, obtains anti-folding anti-thermal shock
Ceramic.
Embodiment 3
The method for preparing anti-folding heatproof and shockproof ceramic product, includes the following steps:
Step 1, by 45 parts of kaolin, 9 parts by weight of sodium lignin sulfonate, 20 parts by weight of zirconium nitride, 17 parts by weight of clay, five
7 parts by weight of niobium oxide, 14 parts by weight of fluxing material, 22 parts by weight of magnesium aluminate spinel, 13 parts by weight of mullite, 12 weight of albite
It is put into ball mill and mixes after part, 26 parts by weight of aluminium oxide, 10 parts by weight of crushed of lithium bisilicate, blank raw material gross mass is added
37% water, ball milling 14h obtain blank by the way that freeze-drying to water content is 6% at a temperature of -23 DEG C after 200 meshes,
Wherein, the fluxing material is mixed by calcium oxide and magnesia according to the ratio that weight ratio is 3:2；
Step 2 is uniformly smeared by methyl-silicone oil, polyethers and rosin acid in press-forming machine die surface according to mass ratio
After the release agent mixed for the ratio of 5:2:3, the resulting blank of step 1 is put into the mold of press-forming machine, is increased
Pressure in press-forming machine increases the temperature in press-forming machine to 620 to 290Mpa, compression rate 19Mpa/min
DEG C, it is demoulded after hot pressing 37min, is cooled to 35 DEG C, obtains green body；
Green body after hot pressing is put into drying box after drying 3h by step 3, and glazing, drying temperature is 200 DEG C；
Green body after glazing is put into kiln kiln roasting 15h by step 4, and firing temperature is 1580 DEG C, obtains anti-folding anti-thermal shock
Ceramic.
Embodiment 4
The method for preparing anti-folding heatproof and shockproof ceramic product, includes the following steps:
Step 1, by 47 parts of kaolin, 10 parts by weight of sodium lignin sulfonate, 21 parts by weight of zirconium nitride, 16 parts by weight of clay,
8 parts by weight of niobium pentoxide, 15 parts by weight of fluxing material, 22 parts by weight of magnesium aluminate spinel, 13 parts by weight of mullite, 13 weight of albite
It is put into ball mill and mixes after part, 29 parts by weight of aluminium oxide, 11 parts by weight of crushed of lithium bisilicate, blank raw material gross mass is added
42% water, ball milling 14h obtain blank by the way that freeze-drying to water content is 7% at a temperature of -23 DEG C after 200 meshes,
Wherein, the fluxing material is mixed by calcium oxide and magnesia according to the ratio that weight ratio is 3:2；
Step 2 is uniformly smeared by methyl-silicone oil, polyethers and rosin acid in press-forming machine die surface according to mass ratio
After the release agent mixed for the ratio of 5:2:3, the resulting blank of step 1 is put into the mold of press-forming machine, is increased
Pressure in press-forming machine increases the temperature in press-forming machine to 650 to 295Mpa, compression rate 19Mpa/min
DEG C, it is demoulded after hot pressing 38min, is cooled to 38 DEG C, obtains green body；
Green body after hot pressing is put into drying box after drying 3h by step 3, and glazing, drying temperature is 210 DEG C；
Green body after glazing is put into kiln kiln roasting 17h by step 4, and firing temperature is 1620 DEG C, obtains anti-folding anti-thermal shock
Ceramic.
Embodiment 5
The method for preparing anti-folding heatproof and shockproof ceramic product, includes the following steps:
Step 1, by 48 parts of kaolin, 11 parts by weight of sodium lignin sulfonate, 23 parts by weight of zirconium nitride, 18 parts by weight of clay,
9 parts by weight of niobium pentoxide, 16 parts by weight of fluxing material, 23 parts by weight of magnesium aluminate spinel, 14 parts by weight of mullite, 15 weight of albite
It is put into ball mill and mixes after part, 31 parts by weight of aluminium oxide, 13 parts by weight of crushed of lithium bisilicate, blank raw material gross mass is added
45% water, ball milling 15h obtain blank by the way that freeze-drying to water content is 8% at a temperature of -23 DEG C after 200 meshes,
Wherein, the fluxing material is mixed by calcium oxide and magnesia according to the ratio that weight ratio is 3:2；
Step 2 is uniformly smeared by methyl-silicone oil, polyethers and rosin acid in press-forming machine die surface according to mass ratio
After the release agent mixed for the ratio of 5:2:3, the resulting blank of step 1 is put into the mold of press-forming machine, is increased
Pressure in press-forming machine increases the temperature in press-forming machine to 700 to 300Mpa, compression rate 20Mpa/min
DEG C, it is demoulded after hot pressing 40min, is cooled to 40 DEG C, obtains green body；
Green body after hot pressing is put into drying box after drying 3h by step 3, and glazing, drying temperature is 220 DEG C；
Green body after glazing is put into kiln kiln roasting 18h by step 4, and firing temperature is 1640 DEG C, obtains anti-folding anti-thermal shock
Ceramic.
By to ceramic made by embodiment 1- embodiment 5 respectively into flexural strength, thermal stability and heat resistanceheat resistant
Shock stability test, test method are as follows:
Flexural strength test: ceramic flexural strength is tested using the anti-folding experimental machine of ceramics.
Heat stability testing: taking 5 ceramic fragments as sample, keeps the temperature 300 minutes under the conditions of being placed in 280 DEG C, protects
Sample is taken out after temperature and is calculated, and is rapidly put into the water that temperature is 20 DEG C, is impregnated 10 minutes, wherein water in 15s
Weight and the ratio between sample weight be 8:1, the water surface is higher by sample 25mm, takes out sample and wipes dry, colored red ink with cloth, checks
Whether there are cracks, for 24 hours after check again primary, crack fewer, the thermal stability of sample is better.
Thermal shock resistance test: ceramic sample is heated to 800 DEG C and keeps the temperature 20min, then takes out and is placed in 20 DEG C
Chilling carries out thermal shock resistance test in environment, and bending strength after measurement sample thermal shock test calculates the decaying of its relatively primitive intensity
Amplitude, the as thermal shock resistance of ceramic.For sample after mutually synthermal chilling, bending strength attenuation amplitude is bigger, resists
Thermal shock performance is poorer.
Test result is as follows shown in table 1:
1 test result of table
The every detection numerical value of embodiment 3 is best as can be seen from Table 1, is optimum embodiment.
Finally, it should be noted that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is not intended to restrict the invention,
Although the present invention is described in detail referring to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, still may be used
To modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features.
All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in of the invention
Within protection scope.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of anti-folding heatproof and shockproof ceramic blank, which is characterized in that including following raw material: 42-48 parts of kaolin, lignin sulfonic acid
Sodium 7-11 parts by weight, zirconium nitride 16-23 parts by weight, clay 15-18 parts by weight, niobium pentoxide 5-9 parts by weight, fluxing material 13-16
Parts by weight, magnesium aluminate spinel 21-23 parts by weight, mullite 11-14 parts by weight, albite 8-15 parts by weight, aluminium oxide 22-31 weight
Measure part, lithium bisilicate 7-13 parts by weight.
2. the anti-folding heatproof and shockproof ceramic blank of one kind according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the weight of kaolin and aluminium oxide
Measure the sum of part is greater than raw material gross weight part 35%.
3. the anti-folding heatproof and shockproof ceramic blank of one kind according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the fluxing material is by calcium oxide
It is mixed with magnesia according to the ratio that weight ratio is 3:2.
4. a kind of method that folding heatproof and shockproof ceramic blank anti-described in claim 1-3 prepares anti-folding heatproof and shockproof ceramic product,
It is characterized in that, comprising the following steps:
Step 1 weighs after blank raw material crushes according to parts by weight and is put into ball mill and mixes, and blank raw material gross mass 30- is added
45% water, ball milling 12-15h, by the way that freeze-drying to water content is 5-8% at a temperature of -23 DEG C after 100-200 mesh,
Obtain blank；
The resulting blank of step 1 is put into press-forming machine after press-forming machine die surface uniformly smears release agent by step 2
Mold in, increase the pressure in press-forming machine to 280-300Mpa, and increase the temperature in press-forming machine to 550-700
DEG C, it is demoulded after hot pressing 35-40min, is cooled to 30-40 DEG C, obtain green body；
Green body after hot pressing is put into glazing in drying box after drying 2-3h by step 3；
Green body after glazing is put into kiln kiln roasting 12-18h by step 4, and firing temperature is 1530-1640 DEG C, obtains anti-folding
Heatproof and shockproof ceramic product.
5. the method according to claim 4 for preparing anti-folding heatproof and shockproof ceramic product with anti-folding heatproof and shockproof ceramic blank,
It is characterized in that, compression rate is 18-20Mpa/min in the step 2.
6. the method according to claim 4 for preparing anti-folding heatproof and shockproof ceramic product with anti-folding heatproof and shockproof ceramic blank,
It is characterized in that, drying temperature when drying in the step 3 is 180-220 DEG C.
7. the method according to claim 4 for preparing anti-folding heatproof and shockproof ceramic product with anti-folding heatproof and shockproof ceramic blank, institute
Stating the release agent in step 2 is to be mixed by methyl-silicone oil, polyethers and rosin acid according to the ratio that mass ratio is 5:2:3.
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